Kungani i-Israel ingenakho nhlobo ukuma kanye nokuba semthethweni emehlweni ezakhamuzi eziningi zomhlaba-ngaphandle kwase-United States, lapho abaphathi baka-Obama, ukhongolose, i-Israel inxusa, kanye nabezindaba bevikela izinqubomgomo zabo futhi bamemezele amanga abo? Yiziphi izici ezingokwengqondo abaholi bale mibuso emibili yenuzi ababelana ngazo ezibenza bangavumelani nakho konke okunye? Ukubheka ngokushesha ukuziphatha kuka-Israel ngo-2009 no-2010 kuphakamisa izimpendulo ezithile.
Mhla zingama-27 kuZibandlela wezi-2008, phakathi nezinsuku zokugcina zokuphatha kukaBush, izikrini zethelevishini kanye ne-inthanethi kwavumela izethameli eziningi emhlabeni wonke ukuba zibe nobufakazi njengoba u-Israyeli, enikwe amandla ngosizo lwezempi lwase-US kanye nokuvikelwa kwezikhulu, eqala impi yobudlova emadolobheni angenakuzivikela. -abahlala ababaleki basePalestine baseGaza ukuze bacekele phansi isimilo sabo futhi benze buthaka uhulumeni wabo okhethwe ngentando yeningi weHamas. Emavikini amathathu alandelayo (ophela cishe ngoJan. 18, 2009) i-Israel Defence Forces yabulala amadoda, abesifazane, nabantwana basePalestine abangaphezu kwe-1,400, kuhlanganise nezingane ezinezinyanga ezinhlanu, ngenkathi bebulawa amasosha ayi-10 kanye nokufa kwezakhamuzi ezingu-3. Ukucekelwa phansi komzimba kanye nemvelo okwalandela kwakukukhulu futhi kungenakuthetheleleka nganoma iyiphi indlela. Lapho impi iqhubeka ingapheli, abenzi benqubomgomo bakwa-Israyeli baqhubeka nokujezisa ngokungekho emthethweni abantu basePalestine abampofu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-1.5, abangaphezu kwengxenye engaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 ubudala, abahlala endaweni ejulile engamamayela angu-26 ubude, eyi-7-mile Strip. Baphinde bakhulisa izakhiwo zabo ezingekho emthethweni eWest Bank kanye nokubhidlizwa kwemizi yasePalestine eMpumalanga yeJerusalema. Ngokuphindaphindiwe u-Israyeli usephendukele ebuthweni lezempi, ukwesaba, kanye nokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane ukuze aphule intando yasePalestina futhi abhuntshise isinqumo esinokuthula esasingase siholele esimweni esizimele, esisebenzayo sasePalestina.[1]
Ngakho-ke, phakathi nonyaka ka-2009 osele, imvelo yamazwe ngamazwe yahlala ingayisekeli i-Israel kanye nokuqhubeka kwayo ukweba umhlaba kanye nezinsizakusebenza zasePalestine. Igebe lemibono phakathi kwendlela yakwa-Israyeli yokuzibona, njengezisulu zokulwa namaJuda, kanye nemibono yamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nezwe elinolaka lamaZayoni lakhula kancane kancane. NgoSeptemba, uJustice waseNingizimu Afrika u-Richard Goldstone wakhipha umbiko wakhe wokuthola amaqiniso we-UN ebhala, emakhasini angu-574, ubugebengu bezempi bakwa-Israyeli kanye nobugebengu obubhekiswe esintwini eGaza naseWest Bank, kanye "nenqubomgomo yayo eqhubekayo ehloselwe ukujezisa abantu baseGaza." Amanye amaqembu alwela amalungelo abantu akwa-Israel abambisane ngokugcwele nomsebenzi we-UN. Kodwa uhulumeni wakwa-Israel wenqaba ukubambisana futhi wasabela ngokwezizwe, njengoba kwenza izakhamuzi eziningi ezivamile, ziphika ukuthi u-Israyeli wenze noma yibuphi ubugebengu futhi wathi esikhundleni sokuthi i-IDF "iyibutho eliziphatha kahle kunawo wonke emhlabeni." Base bezimisela ukubukela phansi ukuba semthethweni koMbiko weGoldstone ngokuwubeka uphawu "uhlobo nje lwe-anti-Semitism."[2]
Akukho kulokhu okubambezele ukunyakaza kwe-Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) engenabudlova, eqhubekile nokuqoqa ukwesekwa komhlaba wonke. E-Europe, izishoshovu zamalungelo abantu kanye nabameli badweba uhlu lwamasosha e-IDF ahlobene nobugebengu bempi ngenkathi izakhamuzi zimashela ezindlini zamanxusa akwa-Israel, zifuna isinyathelo kohulumeni babo ukuze bamise izenzo zobudlova bezempi zakwa-Israel.[3] Imibuso eyayivune u-Israyeli ngaphambili, efana neJordani neTurkey, yayizwa ubunzima bokugcina ubuhlobo obusemthethweni nombuso wesizwe samaZayoni. Nakuba umbuso wobushiqela waseGibhithe wachemena no-Israyeli futhi amazwe amabili kuphela angaphandle kweMpumalanga Ephakathi-Venezuela kanye neBolivia-anqamule ubudlelwano bezokusebenzelana ne-Israel, isimo samazwe ngamazwe sase sijikile ngokusobala.
Uhulumeni wakwa-Israel, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uqhubekile nokuvala ogwini lwaseGaza ngokungemthetho, ukuvalwa kwawo kwezindawo zokuwela izinto ezidayiswayo kanye nabantu abafika bevela kwa-Israel, kanye nokuvimbela kwawo cishe yonke impahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle evela eGaza. Izikebhe ezizama ukunqamula i-blockade, "njengoMoya Wobuntu" ehlobo lika-2009, bagibela, abagibeli babo bathunjwa, futhi balethwa ngokumelene nentando yabo kwa-Israyeli. Isenzo esisodwa esiyihlazo sobugebengu bakwa-Israyeli salandela esinye. Uhulumeni wakwa-Israeli wathumela ithimba lababulawa yiMossad elinamalungu ayishumi nanye eDubai lisebenzisa amaphasipoti omgunyathi nantshontshiwe ase-Europe nase-Australia. Lapho, ngoJan. 19, 2010, babulala umholi we-Hamas yasePalestine, uMahmoud al Mabhouh, ngesikhathi amakhamera e-video ehhotela lapho ababulali babehlangene khona abamba abanye babo bengena egunjini lehhotela lesisulu. Njengoba ukuqondiswa kwabantu emazweni angaphandle ukuze babulawe kusemthethweni wase-US kanye nenqubomgomo yakwa-Israel, lesi sigameko ngabe sakhohlwa ngokushesha ukube bekungengenxa yokuthi ama-Israel asebenzisa amapasi ayisithupha antshontshiwe aseBrithani ukwenza ubugebengu bawo, ngaleyo ndlela benyathela ubukhosi baseBrithani. . Lesi senzo saphakamisa ifulege elibomvu: U-Israyeli, njenge-US, waba usongo olungase lube khona kuzo zonke izizwe ezazifukamele izitha zakhe ngoba akazange afune ukwephula ubukhosi banoma yisiphi isizwe.[4]
Khonamanjalo, ukungathembani phakathi kwabaphathi baka-Obama kanye nohulumeni kaLikud kaNdunankulu wase-Israel uBenyamin Netanyahu kuthiwa bekukhula kusukela uNetanyahu, esekelwa abaholi bamaJuda baseMelika, enqaba ukumisa ukukhula kwezindawo zokuhlala zamaJuda. NgoNdasa kwaze kwafinyelela ezingeni lapho ngisho nemithombo yezindaba yase-US eyayivamile ibika โukushuba kwesimoโ phakathi kuka-Israel nohulumeni ka-Obama. U-Adm Mike Mullen, u-Gen. David Petraeus, kanye nePhini likaMongameli uJoe Biden baxwayisa ngokuphindaphindiwe abaholi bakwa-Israyeli ngengozi kubantu baseMelika ukungaguquki, kuphela ukuhlaselwa ngokushesha "yi-lobby ye-Israel" futhi kuhlanganiswe nabasekeli beCongressional kanye nabezindaba bezinqubomgomo zika-Israyeli.
Eqinisweni, โukungezwaniโ kwakweqisa kakhulu. Noma ngabe imiphi imizwa yakhe ngoNetanyahu, uMongameli uBarack Obama waqhubeka nokunikeza Netanyahu isandla esikhululekile sokunyathela amalungelo abantu basePalestine, ngaleyo ndlela enze inhlekisa ngesinyathelo sakhe sangaphambili sokuthula kweMpumalanga Ephakathi.[5] Eqiniswe ukubekezelela kuka-Obama izenzo ze-Israel, kusukela ekuqhubekeni kwakhe nokuhlala kanye nokwakha izindawo zokuhlala kuye ekujezisweni kwawo wonke amaPalestine eGaza Strip, uhulumeni waseLikud waqala ukugqashula ngemuva kweFree Gaza Movement, eyayidonsela ukunaka ekuvinjweni kwayo okunonya. Yayala umbutho wezempi wasolwandle wakwa-Israel kanye nama-commandos e-IDF ukuthi ahlasele indiza yosizo lwezizwe ngezizwe esendleleni ebheke ogwini lwaseGaza, ithwele izishoshovu zokuthula zezakhamuzi ezingahlomile ezisuka ku-600 kuye kwezingama-700 ezivela emazweni angama-32 kanye namakhulu amathani ezimpahla ezibalulekile ezidingwa izingane ezingondlekile, izingane eziswele futhi abadala ku-Strip kodwa bavinjelwe ukulethwa ngu-Israyeli.
Ngomhla zingama-31 kuNhlaba wezi-2010, imikhumbi yakwa-Israyeli kanye nama-commandos asolwandle ahlasela futhi alawula i-Gaza Freedom Flotilla ngenkathi imikhumbi yayo eyisithupha isemanzini omhlaba, kude namanzi aseGaza, lapho isimo se-Hamas sasingase sibe khona ngokomthetho. Abahlaseli, ngezindiza ezinophephela emhlane nasezikebheni, badubule kuqala futhi ngokungakhethi izakhamuzi ezingahlomile, ezinokuthula emkhunjini oholayo i-Mavi Marmara. Ama-commandos akwa-Israel abezifihle ubuso, abehlome kakhulu abe esegasela kuyo yonke imikhumbi ye-flotilla futhi aqhubeka nokushaya nokuvala abagibeli futhi ashaqa yonke impahla yabo. Ama-commandos abulala kakhulu ngemva kokuba egibele, njengoba ukuhlolwa kwezidumbu kwembula ukuthi izisulu ezinhlanu kweziyisishiyagalolunye zokubulala zidutshulwe izikhathi eziningi endaweni engenalutho ngezinhlamvu ekhanda, emhlane nasesiswini.[6]
Eminyakeni engamashumi amane nantathu ngaphambili izindiza zempi zakwa-Israel zazibulale amatilosi aseMelika angama-43 futhi zalimaza abanye abangu-172 ngesikhathi zihlasela i-USS Liberty emanzini omhlaba. Ngalesi sikhathi, phakathi nezenzo zobuqili olwandle olwandle, amabutho akwa-Israyeli abulala okungenani izishoshovu zokuthula zezakhamuzi eziyisishiyagalolunye ezingahlomile ngokusho kwe-akhawunti yazo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi anyamalala abanye abambalwa ukuze enze inani lokufa libukeke lincane kunalo. empeleni kwaba. Ama-commandos alimaze inqwaba yabantu abaphuthunyiswe ezibhedlela zakwa-Israel; futhi babopha ozankosi, bafaka izigqoko, badwengula kanzima, futhi baphanga impahla yeningi labanye abashisekeli bokuthula. Labo ababesemaphethelweni alokhu kuhlaselwa babazi ukuthi babebhekene nokunambitha okuncane nje kwempatho enzima umbutho wamasosha akwa-Israel kanye namaphoyisa abevame ukuyiphatha kubantu abaningi basePalestine kusukela baqala ukuthatha umbuso ngo-1967. okubi kakhulu kunokudunwa kwe-PLO ngo-1985 komkhumbi wase-Italy i-Achille Lauro, owabulala umMelika oyedwa. [7] Ku-Marmara abayisishiyagalombili kwabafile kwakuyizakhamuzi zaseTurkey; omunye kwakuyinsizwa yaseMelika ehlala eTurkey. Abanye babagibeli e-Marmara, ababezivikela, babemele ngesibindi ukudunwa kwezimoto futhi u-Israel wasebenzisa leli qiniso ngomzamo omangalisayo wokwenza abahlaseli babukeke njengezisulu.
Ngaphandle komzamo ka-Israyeli wokunciphisa nokulawula ukuqubuka kolaka lwayo ngenhlanganisela yamanga aluhlaza kanye nefilimu yevidiyo egunyaziwe, nangokuthi ukususwa kokuvinjwa kwayo kweGaza kuzoyibeka obishini oluyisu oluvela e-Iran, ukusabela ngentukuthelo kwaqhubeka kwanda. emhlabeni jikelele. I-Egypt, eyayivale umngcele wayo neGaza ngesikhathi sokuhlasela, manje isiwuvule ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethandwa abantu abaningi. ITurkey yahoxisa inxusa layo futhi njengelungu le-NATO, yacela (kodwa kuze kube manje ayikayitholi) impendulo ye-NATO ekuhlaselweni kwezakhamizi zayo yizwe elingelona ilungu, okungamangazi uma i-NATO ithobela i-US I-US nayo yaphuzisa. -Yehlisa imizamo yoMkhandlu wezokuPhepha yokulahla u-Israel ukuze ikhiphe isitatimende esintekenteke esigxeka "izenzo" zika-Israel nakuba ingazange ivume ukugxekwa kwe-UN. I-European Union icele ukuthi kube nophenyo oluzimele mayelana nokudunwa kwe-Israel ngesikhathi abaphathi baka-Obama beveza ukuthi ukuziphenyela kwa-Israel kuyokwanela.
Njengoba kuqubuka ukuhlehla kwamazwe omhlaba ekugaseleni kwayo, abaholi bakwa-Israel bamemezele ukuthi bazoqhubekela phambili nenqubomgomo yabo yokubopha abantu basePalestine nokubajezisa ngokuhlanganyela baze bayilahle iHamas. Njengoba bengakaze babekwe icala ngezenzo zabo zobugebengu eziphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, bayawudelela umbono womhlaba futhi bayaqiniseka ukuthi uhulumeni wase-United States uzokweseka cishe noma yini abayenzayo. Kungakho ama-Commandos akwa-Israel manje aphuce imikhumbi futhi athatha umkhumbi wezimpahla ophethwe yi-Ireland u-Rachel Corrie, umkhumbi wakamuva kakhulu walo nyaka we-Gaza Freedom Movement olethela abantu basePalestine izinsiza zosizo. Kodwa ekuhambeni kukhona ezinye izinkonzo zosizo ezingenalo udlame ezizoqhubeka nokuphonsela inselelo ukuvinjwa kwemikhumbi.
Ukuhlasela okuphindaphindiwe kuka-Israyeli emikhunjini ezama ukuthola usizo lwesintu eGaza kuwumphumela ophusile wezenzo zobuphekula zombuso ezifanayo nezakwa-Israel ezake zahlasela abasePalestine kuphela, kodwa manje sezisabalele nakwezinye izizwe namaqembu. Siyoba yini isinyathelo esilandelayo sika-Israyeli? Ukuhlasela i-Iran, eyisola ngokufuna ukuguqula iGaza ibe โyichwebaโ layo? Noma ukuhlasela imikhumbi yasolwandle yaseTurkey engase ihambisane ne-flotilla yosizo elandelayo?
Uma izinqubomgomo zakwa-Israel maqondana namaPalestine zizoguqulwa, kubalulekile ukuthi izakhamizi ezikhathazekile zicindezele osopolitiki bendawo, izigele zezwe, namalungu ekhongolose ukuthi banqamule usizo lwe-US ku-Israel. Ukuduba nokujeziswa ngeke kuqede ubuholi bakwa-Israel ukuhlonipha amandla kodwa kungase kube nomthelela ekususeni ukuvimbezela kwabo okuzishaya indiva futhi buvimbe ekwenzeni amanye amacala empi.
amanothi
1. UJonathan Cook. "Odokotela bakwa-Israel abasolwa ngokwephula izimiso zokuziphatha," I-National, Juni 29, 2009.
2. Jason Ditz,"UNgqongqoshe Wezolwazi Kwa-Israel Ugxeka Yonke Imibiko Ngempi YaseGaza njenge-Anti-Semitic," Anti-War.com, Jan. 25, 2010.
3. Anshel Pfeffer,"Abameli e-EU benza uhlu lwabasolwa ngokuba yizigebengu ze-IDF," I-Haaretz.com ithumele ku-Oct. 28, 2009.
4. UJames Petras,"Mossad's Ukufinyelela Ekubulaleni: Izinkinga Ezinkulu Zezombangazwe," Feb. 22, 2010.
5. Noam Chomsky,"I-Turning Point?" ZNet, Juni 7, 2009.
6. URobert Booth, u-Harriet Sherwood, "Ukuhlasela kwe-Gaza flotilla: Ukuhlolwa kwezidumbu kuveza ukuqina kwebutho lezempi lakwa-Israyeli," Guardian UK, Juni 4, 2010.
7. Yvonne Ridley,"Konke Olwandle," I-Information Clearing House, Juni 1, 2010.
UHerbert Bix ungumbhali we I-Hirohito kanye Nokwenziwa KweJapane Yesimanje, eyazuza uMklomelo wePulitzer.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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