INGABA ibhendi ekhohlakeleyo yabantu bangaphandle ngoku ekhokela iChicago Teachers Union (CTU) ingakhokela kumlo oxhomis’ amehlo othe imibutho emininzi yabasebenzi iye yawuyeka?
Lo mbuzo ubonakala umkhulu-hayi nje kootitshala besi sixeko, abafundi kunye nabazali babo, kodwa kumbutho wabasebenzi uphela. Kuba ngelixa zombini iimanyano zabucala kunye necandelo likarhulumente zithatha inyathelo elibi kulo lonke elase-US ngokudendwa, ukucuthwa kwentlawulo kunye nokuhlehla kwepenshini, iCTU ilungiselela ungquzulwano nosodolophu waseMelika oqhagamshelwe kakhulu kwezopolitiko, uRahm Emanuel–kwaye iyakufika kwisigqibo sokuba iphumelele. intloko ngoSeptemba.
Ngexesha apho uninzi lwamagosa emanyano luthengisa ngokuneentloni njengeyona nto “esinokuyenza,” ootitshala baseChicago badelela. Buza nje nabani na oye wadibana nempuku evuthekileyo ekhapha i-CTU evuzayo ngaphandle kwee-ofisi zeZikolo zikaRhulumente zaseChicago (CPS) nge-22 ka-Agasti kwiiyure ezimbalwa phambi kwentlanganiso yebhodi yesikolo.
"Singathanda ukuba nephakheji yembuyekezo enobulungisa ebandakanya ukuvuma amava ootitshala bethu kunye nempumelelo yabo yemfundo," uMongameli weCTU uKaren Lewis uthe kwinkomfa yabezindaba emva kwepikethi. "Nantso yokuqala. Eyesibini, inkathalelo yethu yempilo abasicela yona iya kutya intwana encinci, encinci, incinci yokunyuswa abayinikezelayo."
Umlamli ebutsheni balo nyaka ucebise ukunyuswa kwemivuzo nge-14.85 ekhulwini, ngokusondele ngakumbi kwimfuno yomanyano yabasebenzi yokuqala yokunyuselwa ngama-30 epesenti ukuze bahlawule iiyure ezongezelelweyo ekulindeleke ukuba ootitshala basebenze kolu suku lutsha lwesikolo olude. I-CPS, nangona kunjalo, ibonelele ngonyuselo lwepesenti ezi-2 kuphela, nto leyo engayibuyiseliyo i-4 ekhulwini ekwaxoxwa ngayo ngaphambili ngootitshala eyaye yarhoxiswa yibhodi kulo nyaka uphelileyo.
Kamva nge-22 ka-Agasti, abathunywa be-CTU baye babamba intlanganiso kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo apho baye bachola-chola iimpawu ezisandula ukuprintwa zepikethi kwaye bafumana uhlaziyo olungelulo ngothethwano lwekhontrakthi.
Ngelixa i-CPS kunye no-Emanuel baye bazithoba kwisinyanzelo sombutho ngoJulayi ukuba baqeshe malunga nama-500 ootitshala abangaphezulu kubasebenzi kusuku olude lwesikolo, abathethi-thethwano bezikolo abavumanga ukurhoxa kwinto ethathwa yimanyano njengemiba yogwayimbo. Ezo zibandakanya intlawulo yokufaneleka, ukucinywa kokunyuswa okusekwe kubudala, kunye neendleko eziphezulu ze-inshurensi yezempilo.
Ubundlongondlongo besi sixeko bukhokelele kugqatso olomeleleyo lwemigca yokukhetha ulwazi kwizikolo zeCPS eziqala kwangoko, malunga nesinye kwisithathu sabangaphezu kwama-600 kwinkqubo. Ngelixa ezinye iipikethi zazithozamile, ezininzi ngakumbi zazinkulu kwaye zinomoya, kwaye uninzi lwafumana inkxaso emandla kubazali nakumalungu oluntu.
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UGQUGQUZO luyimpumelelo enkulu kwiinkokeli zeCTU, ezathi zaqalisa ukusebenza ngoJuni 2010 kwisileyiti seCaucus of Rank-and-File Educators (CORE). Ukuthatha umatshini womanyano obopheleleke kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle, ubunkokeli obutsha baqala ngokusika intlawulo yamagosa kunye nokubeka imali kulungiselelo.
Kumjikelo wayo wokuqala wothethathethwano, iinkokeli zeCTU zasikhaba iqhinga lemanyano lesiqhelo lokuthotywa kwemivuzo ukunqanda ukudendwa, bexoxa ukuba iminyinyiva iya kukhokelela kwiminyinyiva eyongezelelekileyo kuphela. I-CTU entsha nayo yangena kumlo ochasene nokuvalwa kwezikolo nangona lalincinci ithuba lokuphumelela kuloo mzabalazo. Phumelela okanye ulahlekelwe, iCTU yayizimisele ukwenza nzulu unxulumano lomanyano kumlo obanzi kwezemfundo ubulungisa esixekweni.
Ngo-Epreli 2011, iinkokeli zeCTU yoyisa ingxaki yangaphakathi malunga nokuba uxhase umthetho ochasene nomanyano owaziwa ngokuba yiSB 7, nto leyo efuna ama-75 ekhulwini awo onke amalungu ombutho wabasebenzi ukuba avotele ukugunyazisa ugwayimbo. Kancinci ngaphezu konyaka kamva, phantse i-90 yepesenti yawo onke amalungu e-CTU-kunye nama-98 ekhulwini abo bavote-ixhase ukunika iinkokheli zemanyano isigunyaziso sogwayimbo.
Loo voti-eyalandela indibano ekhuthazayo yomhla wama-23 kuMeyi yamalungu angaphezulu kwama-5,000 emibutho yabasebenzi-ibonise isixeko ukuba iCTU yayihlanganisa amalungu ayo kungekuphela nje ngoomatshini bombutho, kodwa njengenxalenye yombutho wabasebenzi obanzi wokukhusela imfundo yoluntu eluntwini. abahlaziyi bemfundo abaxhaswa ngamaqumrhu kunye nabaqhubi bezikolo ezihlawulelwayo.
Oko kwaqala njengombono weqela elincinane lamatsha ntliziyo e-CORE kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kuye kwavela kwi-CTU yokulwa, umanyano oluquka amathemba angcono kungekuphela nje kwimibutho yootitshala, kodwa yonke imibutho yabasebenzi.
Izikhonkwane ziphezulu kuRahm Emanuel, naye. Owayesakuba yi-White House intloko yabasebenzi phantsi kuka-Barack Obama wafumana isiqalo sakhe sezopolitiko njengomsebenzi walowo wayesakuba nguSodolophu uRichard M. Daley, kwaye ngoku, ufuna ukwenza uphawu lwakhe njengomphathi wesixeko.
Kodwa apho uDaley kunye noyise, uRichard J. Daley, basebenzise imisebenzi yokuxhasa ukubophelela abasebenzi kumatshini weDemokhrasi, uEmanuel ufuna ukutyumza iimanyano zecandelo likarhulumente ngelixa ejinga imisebenzi ukuze agcine abanye ebhodini. Umyalezo kaEmanuel oya kwiinkokeli zomanyano: Yenza ngendlela elula ngokuthengisa iimvume kumalungu akho, okanye ulindele indlela enzima, apho iHolo yeSixeko iqhubela phambili ukukutyumza.
Ngenxa yoko, uninzi lweemanyano zaseChicago zine sele eqengqelekile kuEmanuel ngaphandle komlo. Ngokomzekelo, i-Teamsters, eyaxhasa u-Emanuel ku-sodolophu, yatyikitya kwi-privatization kasodolophu yokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma, yathengwa ngesithembiso sokuba amalungu abo e-union ahlawulwe kancinci kwiinkampani zabucala aya kufumana umsebenzi.
Urhwebo lolwakhiwo lusebhodini kunye nesicwangciso se-Emanuel's Infrastructure Trust yokuxhasa imisebenzi yoluntu, nangona iya kubeka esixekweni kwiibhanki ezinkulu ngemilinganiselo yenzala engachazwanga kumashumi eminyaka ezayo. Kwaye iChicago Federation of Labor isayinwe kwisicwangciso "sokuphila kakuhle" sikaEmanuel leyo ixhobisa abahloli ukuba balandele ukuncipha kobunzima bobunzima babasebenzi besixeko, imikhwa yokutshaya kunye nolunye ulwazi lomntu siqu–kwaye inyusa iindleko zabo zeinshorensi yezempilo nge-600 yeedola ngonyaka ukuba abasayi kubhalisa kule nkqubo.
Okulandelayo, ii-operatives zika-Emanuel e-CPS zahamba zaqhuba umsantsa phakathi kwe-CTU kunye nezinye iiyuniyoni eziphambili ezimele abasebenzi besikolo. I-Service Employees International Union (SEIU) Local 73 and UNITE AHERE Indawo 1–idla ngokubonwa njengenkqubela phambili phakathi kwemibutho yabasebenzi yasekhaya–ityikitye izivumelwano kwangethuba nebhodi yesikolo.
Oku kunokumisela iqonga le-SEIU kunye ne-UNITE APHA amalungu anyanzeliswa ngokwekhontrakthi ukuba anqumle imigqaliselo yootitshala kunye nabasebenzi "amaziko abafundi" acetywayo ukuba iCPS. izicwangciso zokuqhuba xa kukho ugwayimbo, ngexabiso le-R25 ezigidi. IManyano yaMazwe ngaMazwe yeeNjineli eziSebenzayo, amalungu ayo agcina izakhiwo zesikolo ziqhuba, nayo yasika isivumelwano esahlukileyo.
Iinzame zamva nje zikaEmanuel zokwahlula iCTU ikhontrakthi yokuqala kunye nefakhalthi kwiikholeji zoluntu zesixeko, abangamalungu omanyano lwamalungu eCTU.
Isivumelwano, esityhalelwa kwivoti yoqinisekiso kwisaziso seveki, senziwe ngokwemigaqo yeHolo yeSixeko-sisusa ukunyuswa okusekwe kumava nakwimfundo, simisela umthetho-siseko wokuhlawulwa kwemivuzo, kwaye siquka nenkqubo yempilontle enzima. Ezo zizo kanye iimvumelwano u-Emanuel afuna ukuzibeka kwi-CTU.
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KODWA NGAPHANDLE nje iinzame zika-Emanuel zokukhupha iinkokeli zabasebenzi baseChicago, ukuxhasa i-CTU kunamandla phakathi kwamalungu ombutho kunye namagosa athile.
I-AFSCME Council 31, edibene no-Emanuel ukukhusela imisebenzi yethala leencwadi kunye nabanye abasebenzi bakarhulumente, ivume uqhankqalazo loSuku lomSebenzi lweCTU oluya kuqukunjelwa ngabaqhankqalazi bebambene ngezandla bejikeleze iHolo yeSixeko.
Kwaye inkxaso yootitshala baseChicago idlula kude kuluhlu lwabasebenzi abacwangcisiweyo.Ngokutsho Chicago Tribune uvoto lwezimvo ngoMeyi, abantu abaninzi kakhulu bayayithemba iCTU kwimiba yemfundo kunoRahm Emanuel.
Oko kuyinxalenye yokuba usodolophu udlale ngokugqithisileyo isandla sakhe kulo nyaka, etyhutyha ukuvalwa kunye “noguqulo” lwezikolo ezili-17, ngelixa etyhala usuku olude lwesikolo ngaphandle kwenkxaso-mali eyaneleyo. Umzamo oqhagamshelwe kwiHolo yeSixeko ukuhlawula abashumayeli ukuba baququzelele uqhanqalazo lwe-pro-Emanuel lubuyelwe emva amajelo abanjwe ngumoya wesicwangciso.
Kwiiveki zamva nje, i-CTU ibibambe iintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke kwiindawo ezingqonge isixeko ukuze kubaphulaphuli abanomdla. Umanyano loluntu olwayilwa yi-CORE ukulwa umjikelo wangaphambili wokuvalwa kwezikolo kwiminyaka eyadlulayo yabeka isiseko somanyano oluluqilima lweCTU nemibutho yasekuhlaleni ephambili kuluntu lwase-Afrika lwaseMelika naseLatino. I-CTU edadayo kumngcelele weGay Pride walo nyaka uvuyiswe kakhulu. Imanyano nayo iye yaxhasa iinzame ngoUluntu oluLungelelwe iDemokhrasi kwezemfundo ukuthatha indawo yebhodi yesikolo kaEmanuel ekhethwe ngesandla ngeyonyuliweyo.
Kutshanje, iChicago Teachers Solidarity Campaign (CTSC) yasungulwa ukuze idibanise uluhlu lwamatsha ntliziyo emibutho yabasebenzi nentlalontle, inxulumanisa amadabi aqhubekayo malunga nemfundo yoluntu esixekweni kunye nomzabalazo weCTU. Iphulo lomanyano liyakhula intlanganiso yeholo yedolophu ngoAgasti 29 ukuhlanganisa amahlakani e-CTU, njengogwayimbo olunokubakho.
Ke, ngelixa u-Emanuel eza kuzama ukubonisa umzabalazo weCTU njengomnye wabafundisi-ntsapho ababawayo ngokuchasene nabantwana abasweleyo, kukho intshukumo ekhulayo yokukhusela imfundo yoluntu ebona ubulungisa kootitshala njengento ebalulekileyo kwimfundo yabantwana baseChicago.
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NGEXA I-CTU isonjululwe ukuba yenze konke ekwenzayo ukuze iphumelele–kuquka noqhankqalazo–imibuzo ihleli phezu kwendima yombutho wabazali bayo, i-American Federation of Teachers (AFT).
Ingqungquthela ye-AFT e-Detroit eyayibanjwe ngoJulayi yanika ingxelo enamandla yokubambisana kumalungu ayo e-Chicago. Abathunywa baphinde baxhasa ootitshala be-AFT eDouglas County, e-Ariz., apho abaphathi besikolo baye bamisela isivumelwano kwimanyano, kunye naseDetroit, apho umphathi wezezimali ongxamisekileyo wanciphisa umvuzo nge-10 ekhulwini ngaphezulu kwemijikelo yangaphambili yemvume kunye nomsebenzi. ilahleko.
UMichael Mulgrew, umongameli weUnited Federation of Teachers kwiSixeko saseNew York,wabamba umoya xa wathi, "Uza emva komnye wethu, ujongana nathi sonke."
Kodwa imigaqo-nkqubo yentsebenziswano yomanyano, egxininiswe ngaphambili kwiinkqubo zendibano, yasingela phantsi ikhwelo lokuthatha amanyathelo.
Umzekelo, i-AFT edibeneyo eCleveland yasebenza kunye ne-anti-union Republican Gov. John Kasich ukuba ukwenza ikhontrakthi ephelisa ukukhuselwa kwabantu abadala ekudekweni ngelixa uxhasa umthetho ovumela izikolo ezihlawulwayo ukuba zikhuphisane nezikolo zemveli ngeedola zabarhafi. Endaweni yokukhomba isivumelwano njengengxaki eyintlekele, UMongameli we-AFT uRandi Weingarten uyichaze njengenzuzo kwintetho yakhe yokuvula.
Ngapha koko, u-Weingarten, owathi kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo wacebisa ukuhlehla komanyano ngokubhengeza intsebenziswano nabahlaziyi besikolo abanjengoBill Gates, ngoku uzifumana echophele umanyano lomanyano kwezinye zeziseko zayo zembali, njengeFiladelphia, apho usodolophu namagosa esikolo bekwinkqubo yokujikela inkqubo yesikolo iphela kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo nakwimibutho yolawulo lwezikolo etshathayo.
Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yendibano yajika phakathi kokuqondwa okunzulu kobukhulu bohlaselo kunye neevidiyo eziveliswe phezulu kunye neentetho-zolonwabo ezifana neemanyano zase-US kwiintlanganiso zabo ezilawulwa ngamaqonga-zigquba nayiphi na ingxoxo ende yemiba emikhulu abajongene nayo ootitshala. .
Iincwadi zesisombululo bezincinci kumanyano olubanga amalungu azizigidi ezisisi-1.5- inani elibandakanya abantu abadla umhlala-phantsi-kwaye ubukhulu becala kuthintelwe ukukhankanywa kwemiba efana nentlawulo yokufaneleka, eyasongwa yi-AFT kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Okunye okungahoywanga kakhulu kukuzinikela kwemanyano kukhuseleko lwemisebenzi ngokusekwe kwi-tenure–isikhundla esikhuthaze inginginya yohlengahlengiso lwesikolo ukuba inyuse uhlaselo lwazo.
Abathunywa be-AFT baye baphumelela izigqibo ngemigaqo-nkqubo kakuhle ngasekhohlo kweenkqubo zolonyulo zeDemocratic Party. Kodwa ezo voti zokuziva zilungile zanikezela kwezopolitiko xa u-Weingarten wamkela uSekela Mongameli uJoe Biden eqongeni, nangona ulawulo luka-Obama luchasene nomanyano lweRace ukuya kumthetho oPhezulu.
Ngokucacileyo, uMongameli we-CTU uKaren Lewis walile ukujoyina abanye oomongameli be-AFT eqongeni ukuze babulise uBiden, kwaye abathunywa baseChicago benza inqaku lokunxiba izikipa zabo ezibomvu zomanyano kunezo zika-Obama-Biden ezinikezelwe ngamagosa e-AFT.
Isiphumo yaba yindibano apho i-AFT yadibana nayo njengenkqubela phambili ngokwemigaqo yezopolitiko jikelele, kodwa eyona nto yayingahambelani kwimiba yesonka nebhotolo ethandeka kootitshala-imanyano engakwaziyo okanye engafuniyo ukuthatha unyawo olungaguqukiyo kwinto ebikade ingumanyano olusisiseko. izikhundla.
Yiyo loo nto umzabalazo weCTU eChicago ubaluleke kakhulu. Kwiminyaka emine emva kwentlekele yezemali ka-2008, abezopolitiko kunye nabaqeshi basasebenzisa intswela-ngqesho ephezulu kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluqinileyo ukuzama ukukhubaza ngokusisigxina abasebenzi abacwangcisiweyo ngelixa bediliza oko kusasele kwiinkonzo zentlalo enesidima-kwaye imfundo yoluntu ikwindlela exananazileyo.
Iimfazwe eziphakamileyo ezibeka umanyano emgceni azinakuphepheka. IManyano yooTitshala baseChicago inyukela kulo mngeni-kwaye ifanele inkxaso yethu epheleleyo.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela