INGQUNGQUTHELA yendibano enkulu eManhattan's Zuccotti Park emva koqhankqalazo lwamapolisa kunye noqhankqalazo olukhulu lwabafundi eBerkeley, eCalif., ibonise ukuzimisela kwentshukumo yeOccupy phambi kwengcinezelo yamapolisa kunye nobuxoki obuvela kwabezopolitiko nakumajelo eendaba.
ENew York, abantu abamalunga ne-1,500 beza kwindibano kawonke-wonke (GA) kwintlanganiso engaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba amapolisa axhobe izidubedube exhokonxa abo babemise iintente eZuccotti Park, ebamba abantu abamalunga nama-200 ngoxa begqogqa iintente, iimpahla kunye neencwadi. Yayiyinkqubo ecwangciswe ngobuchule, yohlobo lwasemkhosini-ukusebenza kweflegi yohlaselo lwamapolisa kwiinkampu zase-Occupy kulo lonke elase-US.
Emva kosuku loqhanqalazo kunye nesigwebo senkundla sokuba isixeko saseNew York sinokuvala ukumisa inkampu kwindawo leyo, abaphembeleli babuyele epakini ukuze baxoxe ngamanyathelo alandelayo kumzabalazo-ukuqala ngokwakha usuku olucwangcisiweyo lokuthatha inyathelo nge-17 kaNovemba.
โBekukho malunga ne-1,500 yabantu kwi-GA [indibano jikelele] epakini, kwaye isimo sengqondo sasinendelelo-esonwabile,โ utshilo uSherry Wolf, itshantliziyo le-Occupy kunye negqala lobusoshiyali. "Kukho ukuchasana, ukuvakalelwa kukuba le ntshukumo ayiyi ndawo. Ithoni ye-GA yayiza kusebenza malunga nemithetho yokuvala inkampu."
UWolf wayephakathi kwamakhulu abalandeli be-Occupy abasabela kwisilumkiso esingxamisekileyo malunga nohlaselo lwamapolisa eZuccotti Park ngentsimbi yokuqala ngoNovemba 1. Ekufikeni kwakhe kule ndawo kwisiqingatha seyure kamva, yena nabanye bahlaselwa ngamapolisa ngesitshizi sepepile baza banyanzelwa ukuba baphume. yendawo. Abaphembeleli emva koko baye bamatsha baya eFoley Square ekufutshane ukuya kubamba i-GA ye-impromptu yokuxoxa ngamanyathelo alandelayo, abandakanya umzamo omfutshane wokumisa inkampu kwenye indawo esezantsi kweManhattan.
Phantse imini yonke, i-NYPD yagcina iZuccotti Park-eyabizwa ngokuba yiLiberty Plaza ngabaqhankqalazi-ivaliwe, nangona ijaji yaqala yayalela isixeko ukuba sijike. Kuphela kuxa inkundla ephakamileyo yawisa isigwebo esixhasa eso sixeko apho uSodolophu ongusozigidi uMichael Bloomberg wayalela amapolisa ukuba avumele abaqhankqalazi babuyele epakini.
Abaqhankqalazi baxelelwa ukuba banokuhlala epakini iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku ukuba bakhetha-kodwa abayi kuvunyelwa ukuba bathabathe iintente, iibhegi zokulala okanye iitarp. Kwaye ukungena epakini, abaphembeleli kwafuneka badlule kwimivalo yentsimbi kunye neqela lamapolisa, bavume ukusetshwa kwaye bazivumele ukuba bafotwe.
Injongo ecacileyo yamapolisa yayikukujika indawo ebikade ikhululwe ukuba ibe โyisibawo soqhanqalazoโ-indawo ezincinci, ezinemivalo eqhele ukwenziwa ngamapolisa ukunqanda uqhanqalazo, kwaye ijongelwa phantsi ngokukrakra ngamatshantliziyo.
Kodwa imizamo kaBloomberg kunye ne-NYPD yokoyikisa ayizange isebenze. I-GA yenze i-ajenda yayo njengesiqhelo-kwaye amakhulu amanye amatsha ntliziyo aye ezintlanganisweni zamaqela asebenzayo ase-Occupy Wall Street abambe iibhloko ezimbalwa kude.
NgokukaJen Roesch, umxhasi weSocialistWorker.org kunye nomlweli we-Occupy:
Kukho ingxoxo-mpikiswano kulo mbutho. Abanye bathi asikwazi ukuvumela iZuccotti ibe yiflegi yethu-ukuba intshukumo inkulu kwaye inzulu kunoko. Baxoxa ukuba umsebenzi ayisiyiyo eyona nto ibalulekileyo-kwaye kufuneka senze umsebenzi wentshukumo.
Abanye babonisa ukuba i-Occupy Wall Street yeyona nto iphefumlele intshukumo kuzwelonke, yintoni ebeka ithoni. Okwenzekileyo apha kwakuyinxalenye yengcinezelo elungelelanisiweyo-kwaye kufuneka sibone ukuba singenza ntoni kuloo meko. Ukuba sikhutshiwe epakini ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuyibuyisela umva, kuya kubonwa njengokubuyisela umva. "
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NGAPHEZU kokugxothwa, i-Occupy Wall Street isenamandla okuhlanganisa. Ngokomzekelo, iOccupy Queens yabamba indibano yayo yokuqala kaNovemba 11, yatsala abantu abamalunga ne-150. Iinzame ezifanayo ziyaqhubeka kwezinye iindawo zesixeko nakwiikhampasi zekholeji.
Isalathisi esilandelayo sesikhundla se-Occupy Wall Street siza kufika nge-17 kaNovemba, xa usuku lwentshukumo luyakuqala ngentsasa yakusasa ukungathobeli okunobundlobongela eWall Street, kwaye iphelele kwindibano enkulu eFoley Square kufutshane neBhulorho yaseBrooklyn ngokuhlwa.
Imibutho emikhulu-kuquka i-Service Employees International Union, i-Transport Workers Union Local 100 kunye ne-United Federation of Teachers-ibongoza amalungu ayo ukuba aphume. Amaqela asekuhlaleni alungelelaniswe nabasebenzi enza kwangokunjalo. Kwaye uthungelwano olungekho sikweni kodwa olukhulu lwabathathi-nxaxheba be-Occupy lufumana igama, nalo.
Iimanyano zabasebenzi zikwagxekile intshukumo yamapolisa eZuccotti Park. Umongameli we-AFL-CIO uRichard Trumka ulubize olu hlaselo "alunakuthetheleleka," esithi "amaMelika kufuneka avunyelwe ukuba athethe ngokuchasene nokungalingani okugqugqisayo, nokuba inyani ayihambisani nepesenti enye." Eminye imibutho, kuquka i-American Federation of Teachers kunye ne-United Auto Workers (UAW) nayo yathetha ngokuchasene nokukhutshwa kwenkampu.
Umsebenzi ngoku kukuguqulela olu manyano lwe-Labour-Occupy lube ngumzabalazo oqhubekayo. Enye into ecacileyo ekugxilwe kuyo kwisiXeko saseNew York yinkxaso yemizabalazo yekhontrakthi yamaqela amathathu abasebenzi: abasebenzi bebhasi kunye nabasebenzi bendlela engaphantsi komhlaba kwi-TWU kunye nabagcini bezindlu kwi-SEIU, kunye nabasebenzi bemfonomfono kwi-Communication Workers of America, abasajijisana neVerizon emva koko. uqhankqalazo oluthathe iiveki ezimbini kweyeThupha luphele ngaphandle kwesivumelwano.
Ikomiti yezabasebenzi yase-Occupy Wall Street sele ibandakanyeka kwiinzame zemanyano kule mizabalazo. Ukuphumelela kwayo nayiphi na enye yale mibutho kuya kuba lukhuthazo olukhulu kubasebenzi, olusangqinwa kukudendwa kwabasebenzi kunye neemfuno zabaqeshi zeminyinyiva.
Emva koko kukho isoyikiso sokuvalwa kwezikolo ezininzi zikarhulumente yibhodi yesikolo engakhethwanga yaseBloomberg-umba osele uqwalaselwe yikomiti yezemfundo yase-Occupy Wall Street. Imizabalazo echasene nokugxothwa kunye nokugxothwa kwabaphambukeli ikwayeyona nto iphambili kubutshantliziyo.
Kwasakhono esifanayo sokuphuhlisa intshukumo kwezi kunye neminye imida ikhona kuzwelonke. Nangona kunjalo, umbutho kufuneka ujongane nefuthe lengcinezelo yamapolisa kwiinkampu kwaye ugcine umlo welungelo lokuqhanqalaza kunye nokulungelelanisa ngokukhululekileyo.
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UMZAbalazo we-OCCUPY eBerkeley ukhomba indlela umlo welungelo lokuqhankqalaza onokuzisa amandla amatsha kunye namanani amatsha kwimizabalazo eqhubekayo. Kwintlanganiso yeNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo eyayingoNovemba 15 yabantu abangaphezu kwe-1,200 88, abamalunga nama-XNUMX ekhulwini avotela ukuphinda kumiswe inkampu eyayivalwe ngogonyamelo ngamapolisa kwiintsuku ezintandathu ngaphambilana.
Isihlwele kamva sakhula saya kutsho kuma-5,000 ubuncinane njengoko abathathi-nxaxheba be-1960s Berkeley Free Speech Movement bathetha, bedlulisela itotshi yomzabalazo kwisizukulwana esitsha. Izalamane zongasekhoyo uMario Savio, inkokeli yaloo mbutho, zafunda iinxalenye zentetho yodumo kaSavio ekhusela ilungelo lokuqhanqalaza.
Esinye isithethi esibonakalayo yayingunjingalwazi waseBerkeley kunye nowayesakuba nguNobhala Wezabasebenzi wase-US uRobert Reich, owathetha ngesihloko esithi "Imfazwe yeklasi eMelika." UReich uthe, "Ndiza kukholelwa ukuba iinkampani ngabantu xa iTexas neGeorgia zibabulala"-kwaye wathetha ngendlela intlupheko kunye nokungalingani e-US ngexesha le-1960s eyathi yabeka isiseko seNtshukumo yokuKhululwa kweNkululeko.
Ngelixa kwakungacacanga ukuba amapolisa azakuphinda acime iintente kunye nezinye izinto zokusebenza, indibano ye-15 kaNovemba yabonisa ukuba intshukumo ye-Occupy yabafundi bendawo ayizange iphazamiseke. Umzabalazo wabafundi baseBerkeley unikwe amandla amakhulu kuqhankqalazo olukhulu lwe-2 kaNovemba kwi-Oakland engummelwane, isenzo esavala amazibuko esixeko ngomgca wokupiketha wamawaka abantu.
Uqhanqalazo lwase-Oakland lwalubizelwe ukuphendula udushe lwamapolisa oluphantse lwabulala ukuze kucinywe inkampu yase-Occupy Oakland kwiveki engaphambili. Ke xa amapolisa aseBerkeley eqhuba owawo umsebenzi nge-9 kaNovemba, abafundi balandela umzekelo ka-Oakland kwaye babiza ugwayimbo olwabo.
Isenzo saseBerkeley songeze inkuthazo enkulu kwiveki ebicwangciswe ngaphambili yamanyathelo ngokuchasene nokuthotywa kwebhajethi karhulumente kwimfundo ephakamileyo. Ngaphandle kokucela umngeni kwingcinezelo yamapolisa kunye nokucuthwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluchasayo, uqhanqalazo lukwafuna ukubuyiselwa kwesenzo sobuvumo kwinkqubo ye-UC.
Isenzo se-15 kaNovemba saqala ngokufundisa ngexesha lasemini. Isithethi esibonakalayo yayinguRobert Slaughter, iNzululwazi yezopolitiko yase-Afrika yaseMelika kwiKholeji yaseSaint Mary's ekufutshane owayephakathi kwabantu abangama-39 ababanjiweyo kuhlaselo lwamapolisa ngoNovemba 9. Entolongweni, uSlaughter wahlukaniswa namanye amabanjwa, etyholwa ngamapolisa ngokuba kwiqela lemigulukudu, ebanjwe ixesha elide kunaye nabani na kwaye wavalwa kwikhampasi yaseBerkeley.
UZack Aslanian-Williams, umfundi waseBerkeley kunye nomlweli we-Occupy Cal oye wanceda ekuququzeleleni intetho yokuSlaughter, uthe kubalulekile ukuqaqambisa indima yamapolisa yocalucalulo njengosodolophu kulo lonke elase-US basebenzisa amapolisa ukugqogqa iinkampu:
Isi-1 ekhulwini kunye namapolisa abo babala amandla abo okusahlula nokusiqhwalela ngokukhetha abo balwela amalungelo abantu ngokwebala nangokubaphatha ngenkohlakalo. Babelindele ukuba asiyi kuhlanganisana nabo. Namhlanje, sibabonisile ukuba abachananga ngokubeka imiba yobuhlanga nenkohlakalo yamapolisa phambili kumbutho wethu. Kuyandichulumancisa ukuba nokwenzeka kwentshukumo ngabom yeentlanga ezininzi kunye nechasene nobuhlanga Occupy.
Amawaka agaleleka kwizakhiwo zokufundela ngeye-2:30 p.m. Ukumatsha ngeBerkeley eqokelele ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5,000 kwincopho yayo. Phakathi kwabaqhankqalazi kwakukho malunga nama-500 amatsha ntliziyo asuka e-Occupy Oakland, eqhubeka nokuququzelela nangona amapolisa egqogqa kaninzi kwinkampu yayo.
Ngelixa uqhanqalazo lwaluqhutywa ikakhulu ngabafundi, amatsha ntliziyo ayebonakala nawo, ingakumbi abasebenzi baseBerkeley abathweswe izidanga, amalungu eUnited Auto Workers Local 2865. ngosuku olulandelayo eSan Francisco ngokuchasene neBhodi yeeRegents zenkqubo ye-UC.
Kodwa iiregents, ziqonda ukuba intshukumo ye-Occupy inike amandla amatsha kwikhwelo lomanyano lwe-ReFund California lokubonisa uqhanqalazo oluninzi, bayirhoxisa intlanganiso yabo.
Inzame ye-regent yokuphepha abaqhankqalazi luloyiso lwentshukumo, wabhala uJoshua Brahinsky, unobhala wokurekhoda we-campus union kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia Santa Cruz. "IiRegents zicinga ukuba ngokurhoxisa intlanganiso yazo, zinokukhanyela abafundi kunye nabasebenzi ngelizwi," ubhale watsho kwi-imeyile. "Kodwa iWall Street kunye neeRegents azikwazi kuzifihla kuthi-sizakuhamba sinqumla kwisithili sezemali saseSan Francisco apho uninzi lwazo luneofisi."
Abaqhankqalazi bayachasa okubizwa ngokuba yi "trigger cuts" eyakhiwe kwisabelomali sombuso ngu-Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown kunye noninzi lweDemokhrasi kwindlu yowiso-mthetho yaseCalifornia kwimeko yokunciphisa ingeniso yelizwe. Oku kuncitshiswa kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuthetha i-100 lezigidi eyongezelelweyo kwizixhobo ezicuthiweyo zenkqubo ye-UC ngaphezulu kwe-650 yezigidi zeerandi ekunciphiseni okwenziwe ngurhulumente ngoJuni.
I-UC Regents iceba ukunciphisa oku kuncitshiswa nge-81 yepesenti yokwanda kwezifundo kule minyaka mihlanu izayo, ukudendwa kwabasebenzi be-unionized campus, kunye nemithwalo yokufundisa enzima yeenjingalwazi kunye nabafundi abaphumelele.
Ngelixa i-Democrats e-Sacramento ithethelela ukucuthwa ngokwesiseko sokudodobala koqoqosho okuqhubekayo, inyaniso kukuba i-1 yepesenti yaseCalifornia igcwele imali. Ngo-2010, bekukho iintsapho ezingama-716,316 eCalifornia ezinempahla engamanzi engaphezu kwesigidi esi-1 sedola.
Ke, ukurhafisa ezona ntsapho zizizityebi nge-0.1 ekhulwini kuphela kwezi asethi, okanye i-1,000 yeedola nganye, inokuhlawula yonke intsilelo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-UC. Ukurhafiswa kwabo malunga neepesenti ezi-4 kwezi asethi kuya kuzisa urhulumente i-25 yezigidigidi eyongezelelweyo ukuya kwi-30 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ukuvala ngokupheleleyo intsilelo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Ngoku intshukumo ye-Occupy ibonelela abaphembeleli babafundi baseCalifornia ithuba lokudibanisa umzabalazo wabo kumlo obanzi wokurhafisa izityebi.
"Namhlanje, i-UC Berkeley ibonakalise ubumbano lwayo kunye nentshukumo ye-Occupy ngokubetha, imatsha kwiibhanki kwaye ibhentsise iindlela zokusebenza zolawulo," utshilo umfundi owenza isidanga uJonathan Nunez. "Namhlanje kuqale ukuvuswa kwengqondo ekwaziyo ukuguqula uluntu lwethu."
UKyle Brown, uTodd Chretien, uRagina Johnson, uJen Roesch kunye noSherry Wolf baba negalelo kweli nqaku.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela