I-BIG STRIKE iivoti zogunyaziso lwemibutho yabasebenzi kumadabi anzima ekhontrakthi aziqhelekanga. Kodwa iipesenti ezingama-90 zamva nje zevoti ngamalungu oMbutho wooTitshala baseChicago (CTU) ukuxhasa uhambo olunokwenzeka lwahlukile-kwaye ibeka inqanaba lokubonisana ngekhontrakthi eya kubumba idabi lokukhusela imfundo yoluntu kulo lonke elase-US.
Phantse i-90 pesenti yamalungu avotele ukuxhobisa iinkokeli zemibutho ukuba zibize uqhankqalazo-ootitshala abavote, i-98 yepesenti emangalisayo ephawulwe "ewe." Ngama-482 kuphela ootitshalaโi-1.82 yepesenti yamalunguโabavotele ngokuchasene nesigunyaziso sogwayimbo, kodwa ngenxa yomthetho ochasene nomanyano, amalungu ombutho osilelayo ukuvota abalwa njengavota ngokuchasene nogwayimbo. Kumalungu angama-26,502 anelungelo lokuvota, i-23,780 ivotele "ewe."
Bejongene nokunyuswa komyinge wama-20 epesenti kusuku lwabo lokusebenza kunye nokuphakanyiswa kwemivuzo okucetywayo ngeepesenti ezi-2, ootitshala, abasebenzi base-ofisini kunye namanye amalungu eCTU athumele owona myalezo ucacileyo wesisombululo kumlo wabo wento ebafaneleyo. Ivoti eninzi kakhulu inika abathethi-thethwano beCTU amandla kwitafile yeengxoxo ngokuvumela amagosa ombutho ukuba abize uqhankqalazo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ivoti yokuqala kaJuni ilandele irali enkulu yombane nge-23 kaMeyi apho ootitshala abangaphezu kwama-4,000 baxinanisene kwiholo esembindini yedolophu kunye ne-2,000 yamalungu ombutho ongaphezulu kunye nabaxhasi bahlanganisana kwipaki ekufutshane.
Amalungu e-CTU-angabandakanyi abafundisi-ntsapho kuphela, kodwa abasebenzi base-ofisini kunye nabancedisi-bayazi kakuhle into yokuba bathatha inyathelo kwidolophu yakuloMongameli uBarack Obama ngobusuku bangaphambi konyulo olusondeleyo. Kodwa endaweni yokuba boyike, bazimisele-kwaye indibano yabonisa iimvakalelo ezifanayo zomsindo kunye nendelelo ezabonwa kuvukelo lwabasebenzi kunyaka ophelileyo eWisconsin kunye nokuphakama kwentshukumo ye-Occupy Wall Street.
โIbigqwesa, ikhuthaza kakhulu,โ utshilo uMayra Almarez, utitshala wembali kwiSikolo samaBanga aPhakamileyo saseTaft esikwicala elingasentla kwesixeko. "Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuqhubeka xa, kumajelo eendaba, usiva ukuba sinobundlongondlongo, siyile, siyiloo nto, asikho kuyo ngezizathu ezifanelekileyo-xa enyanisweni sikhona. bekumnandi ukubona sixhaswa ngabanye abantu, ngabazali."
Ebuzwa ukuba ngaba ootitshala baseTaft bakulungele na ukuhamba emgceni wepikethi ukuba kuyimfuneko, uphendule wathi, "Ngokuqinisekileyo. Silungile."
โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ
UMBUNGANO kunye nevoti yogunyaziso logwayimbo ibingundoqo weenzame zeminyaka emibini yeenkokeli zeCTU ukuvuselela oko bekungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nokuncipha kwemanyano.
Isenzo sokuqala seenkokeli ezintsha ekuthatheni kwakhe iintambo zolawulo ngo-2010 yaba kukucutha umvuzo wamagosa ombutho kwaye imali inikele kulungiselelo lwangaphakathiโukungenisa abaququzeleli ezikolweni nokomeleza umbutho kwindawo yesikolo. Ngasekupheleni kuka-2010, xa u-Rahm Emanuel, kude kube kutshanje umphathi wabasebenzi baka-Obama, wasungula iphulo lakhe lonyulo lukasodolophu e-Chicago ngokubetha ootishala, imanyano yayisele ishukuma.
Umlo wobulungisa wootitshala baseChicago nawo unentsingiselo kuzwelonke kuba esi sixeko besiyindawo yokuvavanya โuhlaziyo lwezikoloโ ukusukela ngo-1995, xa indlu yowiso-mthetho yanika owayesakuba nguSodolophu uRichard M. Daley ulawulo oluthe ngqo lwezikolo kwaye yahlutha iCTU. ilungelo lokugwayimba iinyanga ezili-18.
I-CEO yesikolo sesibini sikaDaley, u-Arne Duncan, ukongamela ukuvalwa kwezikolo ezingaqhubi kakuhle kunye nokwanda kweetshatha, owamqhubela kwisikhundla sokuba nguNobhala wezeMfundo ka-Obama. Kuloo ndima, wasebenza ngokusondeleyo noEmanuel ukuthatha i-ajenda yeChicago ngaphesheya kwe-US Isixhobo sabo sasiyi Ugqatso kwinyathelo lokuqala, i-4.3 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zenkxaso-mali edityaniswe kuzwelonke ukuba bayipasile imithetho evula iingcango zezikolo eziqeshiswayo kwaye ijongele phantsi ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi yootitshala ngokucutha i-tenure kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwentlawulo efanelekileyo.
Yayiyinqaku lokuqala elo likaMongameli weCTU uKaren Lewis kwintetho yakhe kwindibano yomanyano yangoMeyi 23:
Abanye abantu abandikholelwa, kodwa lo ngumlo wesizwe. Kulo lonke eli lizwe, ootitshala, oogqirha kunye neengcali zilwa uhlengahlengiso olungaphumeleliyo. Izithili zesikolo ziye zaba nesibindi-kwaye zenze ntoni? Baye baba nesibindi, kuba abantu abazizityebi ngoku babhala imithetho. Abantu abazizityebi, abangabathumeliyo abantwana babo kwizikolo zikarhulumente, benza lo mgaqo-nkqubo. Kwaye kwilizwe lonke, wonke umntu- wonke umntu-ujongene nokuphulukana namalungelo abo othethathethwano oludibeneyo. Jonga eWisconsin. Jonga e-Indiana. Singqongwe yiloo nto bazalwana noodade. Ngoko kutheni silapha?
Indoda kubaphulaphuli yaphendula ngokukhwaza: "Str-iii-ke!" Ootitshala bathathela phezulu ingoma, "Betha! Betha! Betha!" njengokuba umntu wakhalisa ivuvuzela, umngxolisi wenza udumo ngexesha letumente yebhola ekhatywayo yeNdebe yeHlabathi eMzantsi Afrika ngo-2010.
Ukuba uRahm Emanuel ufuna ukukhetha umlo, iCTU ilungile. Kudliwano-ndlebe olulandela irali, uLewis uthe ootitshala kunye namanye amalungu eCTU akoyikiswa nguEmanuel, kwaye ebhekiselele kwinzame kazwelonke yokwazisa ngokuziphatha okusongelayo ezikolweni: "Jonga umntu oxhaphazayo, uyeke umxhaphazi. , kunene?"
โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ
NGOKUCACILEYO, u-EMANUEL ubona ukujongana ngezikhondo zamehlo neCTU njengento ebalulekileyo kumabhongo akhe ezopolitiko. Wenza izikolo ukuba zibe yinxalenye yephulo lakhe likasodolophu, kwaye kube njaloengundoqo kwiprofayili yakhe yezopolitiko yesizwe ngaphambi koko.
Ke ngoko, amahlakani kaEmanuel aphendule kugunyaziso logwayimbo lukatitshala ngeentengiso zikanomathotholo ezizama ukubonisa ivoti njengomzekelo wootitshala ababawayo ngokuchasene nabantwana abasweleyo. Enyanisweni, akunjalo. I-CTU inxulumanise amabango ayo embuyekezo enobulungisa kootitshala kumlo wokufumana inkxaso-mali epheleleyo kunye nokutyebisa imfundo yoluntu-ngokulwa ukuvalwa kwezikolo kunye nokunciphisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali ngokusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nemibutho yasekuhlaleni kunye namaqela abazali. Oku kubeke umanyano kumbindi wombutho osakhulayo wokusindisa izikolo zaseChicago kunye nokunqanda ukwanda kwezikolo ezifundisayo.
Kunye ne-CTU, loo ntshukumo yemfundo yoluntu ngoku kufuneka ilwe nokuhlehla okuchasene notitshala okuqulunqwe ngu-Emanuel, umatshini weDemocratic Party, ushishino lwesixeko kunye namaqela achasene nomanyano "uhlaziyo lwesikolo".
U-Emanuel kunye no-Co. bawazi kakuhle amandla anokubakho omanyano phakathi kweCTU noluntu, kwaye banoloyiko lokuba inokuhlanganisa inkxaso ebanzi yabasebenzi ngokuchasene ne-ajenda kasodolophu yokucutha iinkonzo zentlalontle, ukwenza imisebenzi yesixeko ibe yabucala kunye nokunikezela ngekhefu lerhafu ishishini elikhulu. Yiyo loo nto, nangaphambi kokuba uthathe isikhundla, U-Emanuel wahlala phantsi nomphathi-mthetho ophambili wase-Illinois ukunyanzelisa ukuwiswa komthetho, owaziwa njenge-SB 7, othintele kabukhali ilungelo le-CTU lokugwayimba.
Phantsi kweSB 7โesebenza kuphela eChicagoโubuncinci i75 pesenti yawo onke amalungu eCTU kufuneka enze ivoti ethi โeweโ ukugunyazisa ngokusemthethweni ugwayimbo. Njengoko "uhlaziyo" lwesikolo oluqhutywa lushishino lwabetha indoda, uYona Edelman weStand for Children, waqhayisa ngevidiyo, umthetho wawuyilelwe ukuthintela ngempumelelo ugwayimbo lootitshala baseChicago. โEnyanisweni, abanakukwazi ukugwayimba, nangona ilungelo ligciniwe,โ utshilo u-Edelman. "Iimanyano azikwazi ukuqhankqalaza eChicago. Abasoze bakwazi ukuhlanganisa i-75 yepesenti."
Kwelawo icala, amagosa eZikolo zikaRhulumente zaseChicago (CPS) kubonakala ukuba azithembile ukuba ugwayimbo lootitshala alunakwenzeka kangangokuba avumelana nocwangciso lwexesha lothethathethwano lweCTU oluvumela ukuba ugwayimbo lubekho ngoSeptemba, kunokuba lusetyenziswe. amanye amalungiselelo kwiSB7 ebenokukuhlehlisa ukuhamba ngokusemthethweni. Babezithembile kuba bekholelwa ukuba ubunkokeli obutsha be-CTUโootitshala baseklasini abangene ezikhundleni ngonyulo lukaMeyi ka-2010 kwisileyiti seCaucus yeRank-and-File Educators (CORE)โbabengayi kukwazi ukumanyanisa umanyano emva kwayo.
Njengoko umabonwakude waseChicago uWalter Jacobson wabhala ngobusuku bonyulo lwe-CTU, "Abaphathi bedolophu bagxininise ama-rookies ukuba bawabeke kwitafile ye-bargaining kwaye badle bephila."
Ngokuqinisekileyo akuzange kube njalo. U-Emanuel kunye nebhodi yakhe yesikolo ekhethwe ngesandla, ebandakanya abaphathi bezoshishino kunye nee-hacks zezopolitiko, phakathi kwabo kukho ibhiliyoni uPenny Pritzker, ootitshala abachasayo ukurhoxisa ukonyuswa kweepesenti ezi-4 ebekwathethwana ngaphambili. Njengokulandelela, u-Emanuel kunye ne-CEO yeZikolo zaseChicago, uJean-Claude Brizard, baye baphula isivumelwano somanyano ngokunyoba ootitshala kwizikolo ezimbalwa ukuba bathathe usuku olude lwesikolo ukuze bafumane iibhonasi nemali eyongezelelweyo yeenkqubo zesikolo. Emva koko, uBrizard ubhengeze uluhlu lwezikolo ezili-17 eziza kuvalwa okanye "zijikwe"-kwaye nangona kukho uqhanqalazo, imisebenzi yesikolo kunye nezibheno ezisuka entliziyweni ezivela kubazali, abafundi kunye nootitshala, ibhodi yesikolo igxininise isigqibo sikaBrizard.
Nakuba kunjalo, iinzame zokugcina izikolo zivuliwe ziqhagamshelene neCTU ngokusondeleyo nonxibelelwano lwamatshantliziyo olufana Ootitshala boBulungisa beNtlalo kunye namaqela oluntu afana ne Kenwood-Oakland Community Organisation kwaye Hlala eChicago. Ngokudibeneyo, amatshantliziyo e-KOCO kunye ne-Occupy aququzelele "i-mic check" eyaphumelela ukuvala intlanganiso yeBhodi yezeMfundo. Ukuvalwa kwezikolo, ebelibali lesiqhelo elinikwa ingqwalasela yemithombo yeendaba, kwaba ngumba omkhulu.
โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ
NGOKU, ngokutyhala ekwandiseni iiyure ezi-5 zaseChicago, usuku lwesikolo lwemizuzu engama-45 ukuya kwiiyure ezisixhenxe ezinesiqingatha, uEmanuel. Amaqela abazali abakudidi oluphakathi ahlukanisiweyo afana noPhakamisa Isandla Sakhoukuba wazama ukudlala ngokuchasene neCTU. Ukuhlehla kancinci kukasodolophu-usuku lwesikolo samabanga aphantsi lonyuswe ukuya kwiiyure ezisixhenxe-aluhambanga kakuhle, kuba lukhatshwa kukucuthwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olujolise ekuvaleni. oko kufunwa yiCPS yintsilelo yeedola ezingama-700 ezigidi.
Ukudityaniswa kosuku olude lwesikolo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluncinane lukhokelele ekudalweni komanyano olutsha lwamaqela abazali noluntu, iChicago Parents for Quality Education. Nangona sinezikhundla ezahlukeneyo ngosuku olude lwesikolo, imibutho imanyene emva kwemfuno yokonyuka kwenkxaso-mali ezikolweni.
Iqela elinye kumanyano, Abazali 4 Ootitshala (P4T), yasekwa ngenjongo ecacileyo yokuxhasa iCTU. Njengoko i-P4T isitsho kwiziko lewebhu layo, ukutyhola ootitshala โkushenxisa ingqwalaselo kwiingxaki zokwenyani kwezemfundo, njengezikolo ezinqongopheleyo, iiklasi ezinkulu kunye novavanyo lwemilinganiselo ephezulu.โ
Nangona kunjalo, phantsi komthetho karhulumente we-1995 olawula izikolo zaseChicago, i-CTU ayinakho ukuthetha-thethana ngayo nantoni na ngaphandle kwentlawulo kunye nezibonelelo. Oko kuthetha ukuba imanyano ayinakuxoxisana ngemiba ebalulekileyo efana nobukhulu beklasi kunye nesidingo sokuphuculwa kweenkonzo zentlalontle kubantwana ngaphandle kokuba i-CPS iyavuma ukwenza loo miba ibe yinxalenye yothethathethwano.
Yiyo loo nto iCTU igxile kwiimfuno zokunyuswa kwemivuzo-ukutshintshwa komyinge we-4 ekhulwini kunyaka ophelileyo kurhoxiswe yi-CPS kunye nokongezwa okongeziweyo ukuze kubuyekezwe ootitshala ngosuku olude lwesikolo. I-CPS kunye no-Emanuel baphendule ngokuhlasela i-CTU ngokucela imali eninzi ngexesha apho abasebenzi abaninzi benyamezele ukucuthwa kwemivuzo. Nangona kunjalo kuphela ngokucela imbuyekezo efanelekileyo apho iCTU inokukhusela amalungu ombutho kwaye nyanzela i-CPS kunye no-Emanuel ukuba bandise umda wengxoxo.
Nangona i-CTU ithintelwe ekuvezeni imiba engundoqo yegumbi lokufundela kunye nentlalo-ntle kwiingxoxo, imanyano ikhuthaze ukwanda kwenkxaso-mali yezikolo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo eqhubekayo kuxwebhu lwayo, "Izikolo ezifanelwe ngabafundi bethu."
Apho umbutho omdala wabalindi wayethe cwaka kakhulu kwizihloko ezinjalo, upapasho lweCTU lwaqinisekisa izimemezo zeenkokeli ezintsha zobukhulu beklasi encinci; ikharityhulamu etyetyisiweyo enobugcisa nomculo kuzo zonke izikolo, endaweni yokutsala umdla kwizikolo zobhaliso ezikhethiweyo; kunye neenkonzo zoluntu eziphuculweyo. Olu papasho luchaza ngokuphandle ucalucalulo kwizikolo zaseChicago โnjengocalucalulo lwezemfundoโโixesha elithathwe nguMfundisi uJesse Jackson.
Ngoko ke, iCTU ibonisa ukuzinikela kwayo ekuququzeleleni imiba enjalo njengenxalenye yentshukumo ebanzi yabasebenzi. Umzekelo, i-CTU ixhasa iinzame ezivuselelweyo zokuukulwela ibhodi yesikolo eyonyuliweyo.
Ekwenzeni olu khuselo lwemfundo yoluntu, iCTU yafumana inkxaso encinci nkqu nakwiinkululeko zemveli kwiBhunga lesiXeko saseChicago.
Xa uEmanuel ecebisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakhe lokusika nokutshisa, bonke abangama-50 bavotele "ewe" kumboniso woloyiko lomthetho kunye nokufuna ubabalo oko kunokwenza u-Hosni Mubarak abe neentloni. Ukusukela ngoko, iqaqobana lama-aldermen kunye nendlu yowiso-mthetho karhulumente baye baxhasa i-CTU kwimiba ethile, kodwa ukuba kufikwa kuqhankqalazo, kwanawona manani akhululekileyo phakathi kweChicago Democratic kusenokwenzeka ukuba afune ukuba imanyano ihlehlise. Inyaniso, yayiyi-alderman evunywe yiCTU owathi wabeka phambili isigqibo seBhunga lesiXeko esimema ukwamkelwa kwangoko kosuku olude lwesikolo.
โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ
KUNYE NABEPOLITIKO abafola emva kukaEmanuel, iCTU kuya kufuneka yandise amaqhina akhulayo nabazali kunye namaqela oluntu ukwakha iinzame zomanyano olubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukwakha umanyano lwabasebenzi ngexesha logwayimbo olunokubakho kunokubanzima ngakumbi, kwinqanaba lengingqi nelesizwe. Ukuba kuzakubakho ukutyhala ukuxhasa i-CTU, uninzi lwenyathelo kuya kufuneka liphume kumalungu emanyano yezikhundla.
Kungenxa yokuba ezinye iimanyano ezimbini ezinekhontrakthi kunye ne-CPS-UNITE APHA Local 1 kunye ne-Service Employees International Union (SEIU) Local 73โsele zizinzile iikhontrakthi endaweni yokuthethathethana ngokunxusene neCTU. Ngenxa yoko, amalungu aloo mibutho, kubandakanywa abasebenzi benkonzo yokutya, abagcini kunye nabancedisi ezikolweni, babophelelekile ngokwekhontrakthi ukuba bawele imigca ye-CTU yokuphikelela xa kuthe kwakho ugwayimbo.
Ezo zivumelwano zahlukeneyo zazimangalisa kumatsha ntliziyo amaninzi e-Chicago, kuba zombini iimanyano zabasebenzi zinenkqubela phambili yodumo kwaye ziye zasebenzisana ne-CTU. Amalungu eCTU aye aphumela ekubeni axhase abasebenzi baseUNITE HERE kugwayimbo olufutshane kwiiHotele zedolophu iHyatt njengenxalenye yephulo lekhontrakthi kunyaka ophelileyo.
Kodwa xa CPS sitsale umva kwizicwangciso zokutshintsha ukutya okuphekiweyo kufakwe ezikhenkcezisiweyo kwangaphambili, umongameli we-UNITE APHA Local 1, uHenry Tamarin, wagxuma kwisivumelwano seminyaka emihlanu esinikezelwa sisixeko, kunokuba alinde ukuxoxisana kunye ne-CTU.
Isigqibo seenkokheli ze-SEIU zasekuhlaleni ezingama-73 zokulungisa kwangethuba ne-CPS sasinosukuzwano olungakumbi. UMongameli wengingqi wama-73 uChristine Boardman uzame ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqinisekiso luya kuqhubeka kwintlanganiso yobulungu ngokubamba iinkcukacha zesivumelwano esingesosigxina kude kube yivoti ye-9 kaJuni.
Amatshantliziyo ezikhundla kunye neefayile ayenomsindo malunga nokuvalwa kolwazi kunye nento yokuba ngokuhlala ngokwahlukileyo kwi-CTU, babejongela phantsi ootitshala. Iinkokheli zemanyano zathi amagatya okhuseleko lomsebenzi kwikhontrakthi aqinisekisa isivumelwano kwangethuba. Ivoti yokugqibela: 163 ukuya kwi-108 kwikhontrakthi ebandakanya abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-5,000.
Ngaphandle kokuxobula aba bantu babini balapha kwi-CTU, u-Emanuel uphinde wazama ukudibanisa amaqhina kunye neemanyano eziziintsika zeChicago Federation of Labor (CFL).
Kwiphulo lokukhankasela usodolophu, uEmanuel wafumana inkxaso yeTeamsters ethembisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi yogutyulo yabucala iya kuya kwiinkampani eziququzelelwe yi-Teamster. Kutshanje, wafumana inkxaso yemibutho yeChicago Infrastructure Trust, ingxowa-mali ecetywayo ye-7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi eza kuhlawula iiprojekthi zemisebenzi yoluntu ngelixa ukubeka abahlawuli berhafu besixeko kwikhonkco kwiibhanki ngemilinganiselo yenzala engachazwanga.
IHolo yeSixeko iza kusebenzisa imisebenzi kwiiprojekthi zeziseko ezingundoqo ezizayo ukuzama ukuthenga intembeko yeenkokeli zemibutho yabasebenzi nokubagcina ngaphandle kwenkampu yeCTU. Ngokucacileyo, u-Emanuel ubhengeze uthotho lweeprojekthi eziza kuxhaswa ngemali yi-trust kwisikolo saBasebenzi abafunda umsebenzi.
I-Ullico, i-inshurensi eqhutywa ngumanyano kunye nenkampani yezemali, yayingumxhasi wokuqala wesicwangciso seziseko zophuhliso. Kwaye xa u-Emanuel ebiza igosa lemanyano kwibhodi ye-Infrastructure Trust, uMongameli we-CFL uJorge Ramirez wathi, "Bubulumko, kwaye lubizo kwintsebenziswano ebesiyifuna."
Ukusebenzisana neHolo yeSixeko akukhange kunikezelwe kwiimanyano zabasebenzi bakarhulumente athe u-Emanuel wajolisa kuzo iimvumelwano, nangona kunjalo.
Abanye baye bazama ukuphepha ukungquzulana baza basuka nje bathatha inyathelo. Abanye, njenge-American Federation of State, County kunye naBaqeshwa bakaMasipala, baye benza uthotho loqhanqalazo olwahlukileyo malunga nokucuthwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluthile-kumathala eencwadi, umzekelo.
Iimanyano ezimbini zibalasele kwinqanaba labo lobutshantliziyo. Enye yi-Amalgamated Transit Union (ATU) Local 241, emele abaqhubi beebhasi zesixeko. Kwikwindla yokugqibela, I-241 yasekhaya ibambisene ne-Occupy Chicago ukulwa ukuhlaselwa kwimanyano yabo.
Enye yiNational Nurses United/National Nursing Organising Committee (NNU), emele abongikazi kwiSibhedlele saseStroger, eyona ndawo iphambili yokhathalelo lwempilo yoluntu eCook County, nayo eye yadibana ne-Occupy. Xa amalungu e-NNU ezinikele ekuboneleleni ngoncedo lwezonyango kwi-Occupy Chicago, UEmanuel wenze umzekelo ngabo ngokubamba ukuba babanjwe kwaye bavalelwe ixesha elide kunamanye amatsha ntliziyo. Okubalulekileyo, amatsha ntliziyo asuka kwimibutho yeATU, NNU kunye neCTU abambe isidlo sangokuhlwa sobumbano ukuze bakhe ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kumadabi azayo.
Olunye umanyano lwecandelo likawonke-wonke olubalulekileyo oluphawuleka kubutsha ntliziyo lisebe laseChicago loMbutho weSizwe wabathwali beeleta, othe waphuhlisa amaqhina kunye ne-Occupy namatsha ntliziyo emisebenzi kumlo ochasene nokuvalwa kweposi kunye nokulahleka kwemisebenzi. Umdibaniso ophambili wabasebenzi noluntu, Stand Up Chicago, owaqalwa yi-SEIU, usebenze ngokusondeleyo neCTU kunye ne-Occupy, ngokunjalo-njengoko kwenzekile Chicago Imisebenzi kunye Justice, indibaniselwano ekudala ikho edlale indima ebalulekileyo kwiinzame zentsebenziswano yabasebenzi basekhaya. VUKA Chicago, intlangano yonqulo ezinikele kumalungelo abasebenzi, iya kuba ngundoqo ekufikeleleni iicawa.
Konke oku kumisela inqanaba leenzame zentsebenziswano yabasebenzi neCTU. Amandla omzamo onjalo waboniswa ngoJanuwari, xa i-Occupy Chicago Labor Working Group iye yabamba inkomfa yezombano yabasebenzi "Amandla oMsebenzi". oko kutsale iinkokeli ezingama-250 kunye namatshantliziyo enqanaba kunye nefayile kuluhlu lweemanyano. Kwakusele kucacile ke ngoko ukuba iCTU isiya kungquzulwano no-Emanuel, kwaye inkxaso yombutho wootitshala yayingowona mxholo uphambili womsitho.
Ke kucacile ukuba ukuba iinkokheli zomanyano zaseChicago ziyathandabuza ukuthatha usodolophu egameni leCTU, amatsha ntliziyo akulungele ukuthatha inyathelo ngokwabo.
โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ
IMANYANO IYA KUFUNEKA kwakhona kumanyano lwabazali lweCTU, iAmerican Federation of Teachers (AFT). UMongameli weManyano uRandi Weingarten wayekho esiza kuthetha kwi-CTU ngomhla wama-23 kuMeyi wendibano yomanyano, kwaye wayixhasa imiyalezo ephambili yeCTU. "Ukuba i-1 pesenti inokufumana uncedo, ukuba bonke abo banemicephe yesilivere emilonyeni yabo banokufumana uncedo, kuthekani ngabantwana balo mzi kunye nabantu abafundisayo?" U-Weingarten uthe kwi-cheers yasendle.
Nangona kunjalo inkokeli ye-AFT yakwenza kwacaca ukuba ikhetha ubambiswano kunokujongana ngezikhondo zamehlo, iphawula ukuba iza kwindibano isuka eCincinnati apho wayezimase khona. Inkomfa yeSebe lezeMfundo lase-US iNkomfa yeNtsebenziswano yoLawulo lwezaBasebenzi. Kuloo ntlanganiso, u-Weingarten uthe, "zingaphezu kwe-100 izithili ezithetha ngokusebenza kunye, kwaye apha kwisixeko sesibini [sic] e-United States of America, kufuneka sihlangane ukuze sive."
Enyanisweni, ubuso bobuso eChicago ngumzekelo wokungaphumeleli kwesicwangciso se-Weingarten sentsebenziswano. Kwindibano ye-2010 ye-AFT e-Seattle, u-Weingarten wakhupha uSihlalo we-Microsoft uBill Gates, obhenkca uluhlu olubanzi lwemigudu yokuguqulwa, njengesithethi sendwendwe. I-AFT, utshilo, makakhokele kwaye enze isiphakamiso kwimiba yohlaziyo lwezikolo.
Umzekelo ophambili wohlaziyo lwezikolo ngokwe-AFT ngulo isivumelwano sahlala eNew Haven, eConn. in 2010, leyo Weingarten wabiza "imodeli okanye ithempleyithi" izivumelwano AFT collective bargaining elizayo. Eso sivumelwano sisinciphisa kabukhali ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi eqhelekileyo yootitshala kwaye sinika abalawuli inkululeko engakumbi yokuvala izikolo.
Kwelo cala, uMbutho weMfundo weSizwe omkhulu (NEA), ngelixa ugxeka ngokusesikweni i-ajenda yohlaziyo lwezikolo, yahluka kancinci ekusebenzeni kwi-AFT.
Nangona kunjalo, amaqela ohlaziyo lwezikolo athathe kuphela ukuvuma kweemanyano ukusebenzisana njengophawu lobuthathaka, njengoko ividiyo edumileyo kaEdelman malunga neCTU ibonisa.
Umzekelo, eDetroit-apho indibano elandelayo ye-AFT iya kubanjelwa khona ngoJulayi-abaphathi bezikolo abanganyulwanga benza ukucuthwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhulu, ukuvalwa kwezikolo kunye ne-ajenda yokuthengisa izinto zabucala. I-Detroit Federation of Teachers ibone ubulungu bayo budodobala kunye nomphathi wemali kaxakeka wesikolo zinyanzelise ukuthotywa kwemivuzo nge-10 lepesenti kunyaka ophelileyo.
EFiladelphia, abasemagunyeni baqhubela phambili, besaphula inkqubo yesikolo sikarhulumente ukuze babe "kuthungelwano" oluza kuqhutywa ngamaqela angenzi nzuzo, imibutho yolawulo lwamalungelo kunye neeyunivesithi, ngokuyitshabalalisayo iyunithi yothethathethwano yooTitshala yasePhiladelphia.
Indawo yasekhaya ka-Weingarten, i-United Federation of Teachers (UFT) kwisiXeko saseNew York, nayo iyazikhusela. Intsebenziswano eyakha yabona u-Weingarten elungisa isivumelwano kunye noSodolophu oyibhiliyoni uMichael Bloomberg kumdlalo weYankees iye yavulela ithuba imfazwe enzima nxamnye nootitshala. Kule mihla, I-Bloomberg izama ukukhupha abafundisi-ntsapho abagxothiweyo nangoku kuluhlu lomvuzo, kuvalwe izikolo "ezingaqhubi kakuhle" kwaye ngokuzimeleyo kunyanzeliswe inkqubo yovavanyo lokohlwaya enokukhokelela ekugxothweni kootitshala emva kweminyaka emibini yokureyithiwa ngendlela enganelisiyo.
Ootitshala abanomsindo bazamile ukuphakamisa iingxoxo zogwayimbo kwiintlanganiso zabathunywa be-UFT, nangona uqhankqalazo lwecandelo likawonke-wonke lungekho mthethweni phantsi kwemithetho ye-Taylor yelizwe laseNew York echasene nomanyano. Xa u-Weingarten eqhuba i-UFT, imanyano yathumela iivoti ze-imeyile ukuze igunyazise uqhankqalazo, kodwa yafikelela kwisivumelwano ngaphambi kokuba iivoti zibalwe. Kwezi ntsuku, uMichael Mulgrew, umongameli we-UFT othetha nzima, akazukuvumela abathunywa ukuba beze neengxoxo zogwayimbo ezantsi kwintlanganiso, hleze imanyano iphazamise umthetho.
Ngaphandle kwendlela yakhe yokuzikhusela, UWeingarten uye wakhupha ingxelo ukuxhasa iCTU emva kokuba kubhengezwe ugunyaziso lwayo logwayimbo. "Ayimeli nje umsindo kunye nokukhungatheka, kodwa nokuzibophelela ngokwenene kubafundi baseChicago kunye nomnqweno wokuba ngabathathi-nxaxheba abakhutheleyo ekwakheni izikolo zikarhulumente ezomeleleyo ezinceda bonke abantwana baseChicago ukuba baphumelele," watsho. Le ngxelo ivula indlela yokulungelelanisa izisombululo zentsebenziswano kunye nenkxaso yemali evela kwi-AFT yendawo yonke yelizwe.
Nangona kunjalo, emva koko u-Weingarten wayenza yacaca into yokuba ukhululeke ngakumbi ekwenzeni isivumelwano nezithili zesikolo kunye nabezopolitiko beDemokhrasi kunokujongana nabo-naxa ootitshala bebetha.
Xa amalungu e-United Teachers Los Angeles (UTLA) avotele ukwamkela yamva nje kuthotho lweminyinyiva ecutha umvuzo ukuze kongiwe imisebenzi, U-Weingarten ukhuphe enye ingxelo encoma isigqibo sabo . "Esi sivumelwano sibonisa indlela yokujongana nemingeni yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali ngaphandle kokwenza iintlobo zokunciphisa ezenzakalisa abantwana, ukuthulisa amazwi ootitshala nabanye abasebenzi besikolo, kunye nokujongela phantsi izikolo zethu zikarhulumente," watsho nge-UTLA, ehambelana ne-AFT kunye ne-NEA. .
โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ โ
NGOKUBA inkxaso esemthethweni yeCTU evela kumbutho wabasebenzi isenokungalingani, ubukho benkxaso yootitshala buyabonakala kwisixeko siphela.
Uvoto lwakutsha nje kwi Chicago Tribune wabonisa ukuba ngaphezu kabini abantu abaninzi ngakumbi bathembela CTU kwimiba yesikolo ngaphezu Emanuel. Umsebenzi ngoku kukuguqula loo mvakalelo ilungileyo ibe yinkxaso esebenzayo.
โWonke umntu ebethetha ngootitshala emsebenzini,โ utshilo uDon Schraffenberger, ilungu leTeamsters Local 705, osebenza kwiziko elikhulu le-UPS ngaphandle kweChicago. Bexakwe kukucotha kwemanyano yabo ekusingatheni imiba yokhuseleko emsebenzini, abasebenzi bachulumancile yindibano ye-CTU ephezulu kunye nevoti yoqhankqalazo,โ utshilo uSchraffenberger. bayibona ngendlela abantu ababone ngayo i-Teamsters ka-1997 kwi-UPS. "
Kwimibutho yabasebenzi, amanyathelo okuxhasa i-CTU anokuqalisa ngezisombululo zenkxaso, izithembiso zoncedo lwemali, kunye nokuzinikela ekulandeleni imigqaliselo yepikethi. E-Chicago, amalungu e-CTU ayafumaneka ukuze athethe kwiintlanganiso zemanyano, kwaye angafowunela okanye abe no-Skype kwiintlanganiso kwenye indawo.
Loo nkxaso yabasebenzi yeCTU ingaphezulu lee kunokubaluleka komfuziselo. Kwimeko yogwayimbo, kunokwenzeka okanye mhlawumbi ijaji ikhuphe isithintelo sexeshana, ibuyisele ootitshala emsebenzini kwaye ibagrogrise ngefayini kunye nokuvalelwa entolongweni ukuba abakwenzi oko. Kwenzeka loo nto xa I-UTLA icwangcise ugwayimbo losuku olunye ngo-2009 kwaye nini abasebenzi beebhasi kunye nabasebenzi bakaloliwe kwisiXeko saseNew York kwiTransport Workers Union Local 100 babetha iintsuku ezintathu ngo-2005. Ukuba ii-asethi ze-CTU zithinjwa okanye zihlawuliswe kakhulu, amalungu emibutho yabasebenzi nabaxhasi kuyo yonke indawo mabazilungiselele ukuthumela imali yokugcina umbutho usebenza kwaye bakhusele ilungelo lootitshala lokugwayimba.
Kwangaxeshanye, amaqela abazali kunye noluntu ahambelana neCTU anendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka eyidlalile-hayi ngokunika inkxaso yezopolitiko kootitshala kuphela, kodwa ngokulungiselela ukuqhuba izikolo zenkululeko ezinika abafundi indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuya ngexesha logwayimbo. Ezo nzame bezingundoqo kugwayimbo oluyimpumelelo lweCTU kwixesha elidlulileyo kwaye ziya kubaluleka ekubaleni ukuhlatywa kootitshala nguEmanuel inethiwekhi yabashumayeli abahlawulwayo kunye "namaqela oluntu" ezo ngokwenene izihlomelo zoomatshini basekuhlaleni beDemokhrasi.
Kodwa apho uEmanuel aya kuzama ukudibanisa imikhosi yakhe ngokusasaza imali ngeenxa zonke, i-CTU kunye namahlakani ayo banokuthembela kwimibutho kunye nabantu abalungele ukwenza ulungelelwaniso lomntu ngamnye olufunekayo, ukusuka ekubhaleni amaphecana kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye neminyhadala yasehlotyeni ukuya ekutyeleleni. iicawe kunye namaqela oluntu.
Iinzame zoququzelelo ezinjalo sele ziqhuba kakuhle phakathi kwamalungu eCTU kunye namahlakani awo. Lo mbutho uya kusebenzisa ikhefu lehlobo lootitshala ukubathumela eluntwini ukuba baququzelele, kwaye baxhobise amaphulo emibutho yomlo opheleleyo.
Kwelabo icala, abaxhasi bootitshala bajonge ukuba kubekho unxibelelwano kwindawo yonke ekufutshane esixekweni, kunye namatshantliziyo akulungeleyo ukuphendula ubuxoki kunye nokugqwethwa kweHolo yeSixeko ngokhuseleko olucacileyo nolusesikweni lwemfundo yoluntu ngokuchasene nabacutha uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, oosomashishini kunye nabaqhubi bezikolo ezihlawulelwayo. .
Imida yedabi malunga nemfundo yoluntu izotywa eChicago. Kodwa ngumlo ochaphazela ilizwe lonke-kwaye wonke umntu oxhasa imfundo yoluntu exhaswa ngemali ngokupheleleyo kunye namalungelo ootitshala kufuneka eme kunye neChicago Teachers Union.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela