ULONYULO lukamongameli waseFransi obekulindeleke ukuba lunike amandla ku-Marine Le Pen we-National Front endaweni yoko luye lwalawulwa yintetho yasekhohlo evela kumgqatswa ophambili, uFrancois Hollande we-Socialist Party, kunye nomboniso onamandla weLeft Front. umgqatswa uJean-Luc Mรฉlenchon.
UMรฉlenchon, owayesakuba ngumphathiswa kurhulumente we-Socialist Party ka-Lionel Jospin ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990 kunye nowayesakuba nguSenator, waqhawuka kwiqela elisekhohlo ngo-2008 ukuze adibanise iQela eliKhohlo, elathi laseka iLeft Front kunye neQela lamaKomanisi kwaye. uluhlu lweminye imibutho yasekhohlo.
Uchithwe kakhulu ngabahlalutyi bezopolitiko njengengabalulekanga kwiinyanga nje ezidlulileyo, uMรฉlenchon endaweni yoko wanyanzela yonke ingxoxo yezopolitiko ngasekhohlo njengenkxaso yakhe kwiirejista zevoti zomongameli ezizayo ngeepesenti ezili-15 kuvoto loluntu ngaphambi komjikelo wokuqala wokuvota kukamongameli nge-22 ka-Epreli.
"Sibuyile-iFransi yenguquko!" waxelela isihlwele samawaka aliqela kumbindi wedolophu yaseFransi iVierzon. "Ukuba iYurophu yintaba-mlilo, ngoko ke iFransi yicrater yenguqu."
Iqonga lephulo lika-Mรฉlenchon liphawula ikhefu kwiintetho eziqhelekileyo ze-Socialist Party ze-pro-shishini. Ubiza i-20 yepesenti yokunyuswa komvuzo omncinci, ukuvalwa komsebenzi kwiinkampani ezinenzuzo, irhafu enzima kwiintengiselwano zemali, kunye nemida yonyaka kwingeniso ukuya kwi-472,000 yeedola, kunye nantoni na ngaphezu kweso sixa esiya kwirhafu.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwekhefu likaMรฉlenchon kunye neeSocialists, usakulungele ukwenza isivumelwano sonyulo kunye nabo. Umsebenzi wephulo laseMรฉlenchon ubhengeze nge-6 ka-Epreliukuba umgqatswa angaxhasa "umgqatswa wephiko lasekhohlo ophambi" emva komjikelo wokuqala wokuvota-ngokuqinisekileyo, enikezela ngesiqinisekiso sangaphambili sikaHollande, ongaphambili kuvoto ngaphezulu komongameli obambeleyo uNicolas Sarkozy.
Ngenxa yokuba uHollande eza kufuna inkxaso yabavoti bakaMรฉlenchon kumjikelo wesibini wevoti elindelekileyo kumjikelo wesibini ngokuchasene noSarkozy ngoMeyi 6, uHollande uye wanyanzelwa ukuba akhuphe intetho yakhe yasekhohlo, ethembisa ngokunyusa izinga lerhafu liphezulu ukuya kuma-75 ekhulwini. abona bantu bazizityebi eFransi. โIlizwe lezemali lilutshaba lwam,โ utshilo uHollande.
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EZINGAPHANTSI OKU kugungxula kwezopolitiko ekhohlo bubukrakra babasebenzi ngenxa yokuwohloka koqoqosho ngo-2008 kunye nokukhula okuthe gqolo ukusukela ngoko. Intswela-ngqesho ikwi-10 ekhulwini, elona nqanaba libi kwiminyaka eli-12. Yaye malunga nesiqingatha sabo bonke abantu abasebenzayo eFransi bafumana ngaphantsi kwee-$25,000 ngonyaka. "Amahlwempu asebenzayo ahlala phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo nenkulungwane ye-19," UJean-Paul Fitoussi, unjingalwazi wezoqoqosho kwi-L'Institut d'รtudes Politiques eParis, uxelele intatheli.. "Abakwazi ukuhlawula ukufudumeza, abanako ukuhlawula iimpahla zabantwana babo."
Ezo meko ziwohlokayo zabasebenzi baseFransi ziye zanciphisa ukuthandwa kukaSarkozy kwangaphambili, njengoko kunjalo neshishini lakhe elixhasayo, imigaqo-nkqubo yoqoqosho yase-US.
USarkozy uye waphumelela ekuqhubeni phambili "uhlaziyo" lwepenshini yecandelo likarhulumente ngo-2010, enyuse ubuncinci beminyaka yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ukusuka kuma-60 ukuya kuma-62, kunye neminyaka apho abantu abadla umhlala-phantsi bafumana ipenshoni epheleleyo ukusuka kuma-65 ukuya kuma-67. elona langa lide nelibanzi lomzabalazo wemizi-mveliso kweli lizwe ukusukela kuqhankqalazo lukaMeyi ka-1968. Ukuchasa kukaSarkozy kuquke abaqhubi belori ezibambisa amafutha evalela iindawo zokucoca kunye nentshukumo yoqhankqalazo kwizixeko ezincinci needolophu ezingazange zibone imvukelo yabasebenzi.
Ukusukela ngoko, umzabalazo eFrance ubuthe cwaka- xa uthelekisa neSpain kunye nePortugal, ezibone uqhanqalazo kunye noqhanqalazo oluchasene nobunzima obukhulu-kodwa inkitha yabantu abasebenzayo ihlala ikrokrela umongameli wephiko lasekunene.
USarkozy uzame ukwakha kwakhona intembeko yakhe kwezopolitiko ngokusebenzisana noChancellor waseJamani u-Angela Merkel ekuqhubeni izicwangciso zokuhlangula imali efanayo yaseYurophu ngokumisela izicwangciso ezikhohlakeleyo zeGrisi, Portugal, Spain kunye namanye amazwe. Ukwathathe amanyathelo afanayo nangexesha lendima yakhe yangaphambili njengomphathiswa wezangaphakathi: scapegoating. USarkozy uvumele ubuhlanga obuchasene nabaphambukeli ngokusemthethweni ngokutyhala ngempumelelo umthetho owavala isigqubuthelo esigcwele ubuso esinxitywa liqaqobana labafazi abangamaSilamsi, nokugxotha abantu abangamaRoma abali-1,000.
Ngeli xesha, iQela lobuSoshiyali lasilela ukubeka nawuphi na umngeni omkhulu kuSarkozy, ligcina izigxeko zalo zamkelekile kurhwebo olukhululekileyo, i-neoliberal orthodoxy yombutho wezopolitiko.
Emva kokuba bebambe ubongameli phantsi kukaFranรงois Mitterrand iminyaka eli-14 ngoo-1980 kunye no-'90 kwaye belawula urhulumente ukusuka ngo-1997 ukuya ku-2002, i-Socialists ibe liqela elithembekileyo elixhasa ubungxowankulu-kwaye iQela lamaKomanisi laphambukela ngasekunene kunye nabo.
Oku kwavula indawo yezopolitiko kubagqatswa bobumongameli bobusoshiyali bokwenyani: u-Arlette Laguiller waseLutte Ouvriรจre (i-Workers Fight), owafumana ngaphezulu kwe-5 yepesenti yevoti ngonyulo luka-1995 no-2002, kunye no-Olivier Besancenot, ngoko weLigue Communiste Rรฉvolutionnaire (I-Revolutionary Communist League), owafumana amanqaku angaphezu kwe-4 ekhulwini kuvoto lomjikelo wokuqala kunyulo luka-2002 no-2007.
Kwivoti ye-2012, ukungathandwa kukaSarkozy kunye nenkcaso ebuthathaka ye-Socialists ibonakala ngokuqinisekileyo ibeka umgangatho wezopolitiko ezikude ze-Marine Le Pen. Intombi yomseki we-National Front uJean-Marie Le Pen, iphulo lika-Marine Le Pen lidibanise umfuduki oqhelekileyo wobuhlanga kunye nezindululo zoluntu ezijolise ekuzuzeni isabelo esikhulu sevoti yabasebenzi. Wabuchasa ubungqongqo waza wacela iFransi ukuba iyishiye iyuro, imali eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ngamazwe ali-17, egameni lobuzwe obutsha.
Ngenxa yempumelelo yolonyulo lwakutsha nje lwezopolitiko ezikude njengoGeert Wilders we-Netherland's Freedom Party kunye ne-ultra-conservative True Finns eFinland, abantu abaninzi babelindele ukuba uLe Pen aphinde impumelelo kayise ngo-2002, xa iNational Front yafika kwindawo yesibini. indawo-ngasemva kobambeleyo obambeleyo uJacques Chirac naphambi komgqatswa weSocialist uJospin-kumjikelo wokuqala wevoti yomongameli ngaloo nyaka.
Endaweni yoko, iMรฉlenchon yaseLeft Front iye yabuphanzisa ubulumko obuqhelekileyo-ngokungajoli nje eSarkozy nakwipesenti enye yaseFransi, kodwa irhetoric yentiyo kaLe Pen. ULe Pen uyibonile inkxaso yakhe isilayidi ngasemva kweMรฉlenchon.
Nangona kunjalo, uLe Pen uhlala eyinto ebalulekileyo-kunye neyoyikekayo-kwezopolitiko zaseFransi.Olunye uluvo lwezimvo zamva nje ubonisa ukuba ungumgqatswa ohamba phambili phakathi kwabavoti abaneminyaka eyi-18 ukuya kuma-24, ngenkxaso evela kuma-26 ekhulwini kwabo babuziweyo. Oko kuthelekiswa neepesenti ze-25 ze-Hollande kunye neepesenti ze-17 nganye kwi-Sarkozy kunye ne-Mรฉlenchon.
Kodwa uLe Pen khange ibe yeyona nto iphambili ekujoliswe kuyo nguMรฉlenchon. Uphinde wabetha e-Hollande, embiza ngokuba "ngukapteni we-pedal boat" kwaye ngokugculelayo ehlasela iqonga lomgqatswa we-Socialist njenge "bourgeois."
Ngokuqinisekileyo, u-Hollande yi-apparatchik yeqela elibi eliye laphumelela kwi-Socialist Party yonyulo oluphambili kwinxalenye ngenxa yamahlazo ajikeleze uDominique Strauss-Khan, owabanjwa kunyaka ophelileyo eNew York ngezityholo zokudlwengula waza wabandakanyeka kwi-scandal yobuhenyukazi. Fransi. UHollande wayezimisele ukuqhuba iphulo elilumkileyo, eqaqambisa ukungathandwa kukaSarkozy ngaphandle kokwenza izithembiso ezinzulu zotshintsho.
Kodwa ukuvala icala lakhe lasekhohlo ekuhlaselweni nguMรฉlenchon, uHollande kwafuneka enze njalo aphinde azisungule njengomntu olwela ukulwa. "Kwidabi elingaphambili, utshaba lwam oluphambili alunagama, akukho buso kwaye akukho qela," u-Hollande "omtsha" wabhengeza ngoJanuwari. "Akasoze angenele umgqatswa. Akasoze anyulwe, kodwa uyalawula phezu kwayo yonke loo nto. Utshaba lwam lilizwe lezemali."
USarkozy uye wachacha kuvoto emva kokuba indoda enenzalelwane yama-Arabhu idubule ngokubulala amajoni, urabhi kunye nabantwana besikolo abangamaJuda eToulouse. USarkozy ukwabethelele inqaku lobuzwe ngokuthembisa ngokutyhala ukuzimela okukhulu kweFrance kwiManyano yaseYurophu kwaye ebiza imida engqongqo yaseFrance. Njengoko ebenzile kwixesha elidlulileyo, weba umba kuLe Pen, edala i-hysteria malunga nokuthengiswa okuxhaphakileyo kwenyama ye-halal kubathengi abangengawo amaSilamsi, ebekucingelwa ukuba bebengazi ukuba izilwanyana zixhelwe ngokwemiqathango yamaSilamsi.
Kodwa njengokuba umjikelo wokuqala wonyulo usondela, uHollande ubonakala ekhokele, esenza umboniso womjikelo wesibini noSarkozy. Kukho uqikelelo olukhulayo lokuba angenza imvume kwi-Mรฉlenchon kunye ne-Left Front, mhlawumbi kuquka nezikhundla zabaphathiswa.
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UMELENCHON NGUMTROTTSKIst owayesakuba yinxalenye yombutho wezopolitiko ngeSocialist Party. Ngaphandle kokusebenza njengomphathiswa woqeqesho lomsebenzi phantsi kukaJospin, wayixhasa imfazwe ye-NATO eLibya kulo nyaka uphelileyo kwaye wathatha isikhundla se-Islamophobic ekuchaseni ilungelo labasetyhini abangamaSilamsi lokunxiba isigqubuthelo eFransi.
Ixesha elidlulileyo likaMรฉlenchon-kunye nekamva lakhe elinokubakho-njengorhulumente osemthethweni uye wahlulahlula amaFrentshi kude ngasekhohlo ukuba angakuxhasa na.
Iqela elitsha le-Anticapitalist, okanye i-NPA ngokokuqala kwayo ngesiFrentshi, yayilindele ukuba ibambe indawo yezopolitiko ethathwe yiLeft Front kunye neMรฉlenchon. Oyena mntu ubalaseleyo weqela, u-Olivier Besancenot, wangenela ngo-2002 nango-2007 njengomgqatswa we-LCR, omnye wemibutho eyandulela i-NPA.
Kodwa ngeli xesha, uBesanscenot uye warhoxa ekubalekeni, kwaye umgqatswa we-NPA uneprofayile ephantsi. Kwangaxeshanye, ujiko lukaMรฉlenchon lwasekhohlo lwabangela ukuba iqela elingaphakathi kwe-NPA lishiye iqela lizibandakanye neLeft Front. Ingxabano ibe yinto ekugxilwe kuyo kumajelo eendaba aqhelekileyo, athe anika ingxelo ngomlo wokuba leliphi iqela kwi-NPA ekufuneka lizuze izibonelelo zemali zeLCR endala.
Isikhundla se-NPA kunyulo kukuba ixesha elidlulileyo likaMรฉlenchon kurhulumente we-Socialist Party kunye nokwenzeka kokujoyina urhulumente waseHolland ukhupha nayiphi na inkxaso kuye. Ngokombono we-NPA, uMรฉlenchon kunye noHollande bobabini "abakhululekileyo bezentlalo" abafuna ukudala isiseko sonyulo oluxubileyo lwabasebenzi kunye nabakumgangatho ophakathi ukuqhubela phambili i-ajenda ye-neoliberal capitalist.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, akunakubakho ngxoxo yokuba i-Socialist Party liqela eliphambili likarhulumente elikhonza ngokuthembekileyo iimfuno zenkunzi. Kodwa ukuphatha uMรฉlenchon ngendlela efanayo njengoko uHollande engayinaki into yokuba uMรฉlenchon wayephendula uxinzelelo lwabavoti abasebenzayo xa eqhekeza kunye neeSocialists. Uvukile kwiivoti ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokuba unike ilizwi kumsindo wabasebenzi baseFransi.
Kungeso sizathu ke abanye oososhiyali boguquko eFransi bexoxa ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo kaMรฉlenchon kumjikelo wokuqala wokuvota. Kwaye okukhona ivoti enkulu kuMรฉlenchon, kokukhona inokunceda ekhohlo kunye neemanyano zabasebenzi ukuba baqokelele imikhosi yabo ukuze balwe amadabi.
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Nikela