Uyazi ukuthi umuntu angamphendula kanjani umntwana omncane; yithi eneminyaka emi-5 noma engu-6 ubudala, ibe isinxibi esikhiqiza kakhulu? Mina ngangingazi, kodwa ngatshelwa ngumama owayephumputha amantombazane akhe ebusuku, ewaphoqa ukuba acele emini:
โQinisekisa ukuthi izingane zihlushwa ukungondleki kahle, izisu zivuvukele, izinwele zikhanya ngendlela engavamile, nezinyembezi zigeleza ezihlathini. Futhi lapho izingane ziqala ukuletha imali eningi ekhaya, zivimbele ukuba zingalulami. Noma nini lapho ungabaza, kukhona i-UNICEF e-Phnom Penh, kanye nama-NGO amaningi: azokuqeqesha ukuthi ungenza kanjani ukuvimbela izingane zakho ngenxa yokungondleki; ngakho yenza okuphambene nalokho futhi awusoze waba mpofu.โ
Kunezinkulungwane zazo, izingane eziyizinxibi, ezisebenza ezimpambanweni zemigwaqo nasemaceleni, phambi kwazo zonke izindawo ezikhanga izivakashi. Amaphoyisa awanandaba, noma akhohlakele kakhulu ukuthi angangenelela. Izakhamizi azinandaba, njengoba zibonakala zingenandaba kwezinye izindawo eziningi, kubandakanya neNdiya.
Izinto ezesabekayo ezibukwayo zivame kakhulu e-Phnom Penh: kunabantu, ikakhulukazi abesilisa, abanazo zonke izinhlobo zokukhubazeka, ngezinye izikhathi abanobuso obulahlekile, imihlathi engekho, abanezisekelo zamehlo ezingenalutho; cishe bonke becela. Abanqanyuliwe bakhiphe iziphunzi zabo emafasiteleni emoto esiminyaminya; abesifazane baveza izimila zabo.
Kodwa izingane, usizi lwazo luhlala lunzima ukuligwinya. Kungenxa yokuthi abakhethi isiphetho sabo; balethwa kulokhu kuphila okungenathemba, ngabazali babo abangenaluzwelo noma abanye abagadi.
Impela izimpambano zomgwaqo zasePhnom Penh zikude kakhulu nezimbi kakhulu engake ngabhekana nazo lapha.
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Ake ngilandele eceleni kancane, futhi ngikutshele ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezimbi kakhulu engike ngabhekana nazo e-Cambodia:
Eminyakeni engaba ngu-15 edlule ngabamba iqhaza ohlelweni lokuvala leyo ndawo enedumela elibi lezindawo zokuqwayiza, ebizwa ngokuthi iKilometer Eleven, igama lisuselwa ebangeni lendawo kuya enkabeni yenhloko-dolobha.
IKilometre Eleven, yayimbi kakhulu kunesihogo; okungukuthi, uma isihogo sikhona nhlobo. Bekuyisikhungo saseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia sokugqilazwa ngokocansi, indawo lapho ukudlwengula kwamiswa khona. Kwakuyidolobha elinemijondolo engcolile, esebenza njengezindawo zocansi ezazinikeza kakhulu izingane ezincane nezincane, kubavakashi abaseYurophu abaguga, abanezisu ezimbi. Futhi konke kwakusobala, kungazami ngisho nokucasha emehlweni amaphoyisa akhohlakele, izikhulu zikahulumeni namasosha.
Ngesinye isikhathi, i-UN, i-NGO's yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nathi - izintatheli eziphenyayo kanye nezintatheli zempi ezisebenza endaweni -banele. Sadonsa amabutho futhi saqala umkhankaso wokuhlambalaza uMbuso, owawusebenza njengempimpi, ngisho nonogada wejele, esikhundleni sokuba umvikeli wabasengozini kakhulu nabangakwazi ukuzivikela.
Ngelinye ilanga ngahlangana nentatheli ye-Reuters eyazalelwa e-Khmer, sathatha imoto 'sangena' endaweni, namakhamera amancane, amarekhodi kanye nama-notepad. 'Saqasha' amantombazane amabili, enye iKhmer neyodwa yaseVietnam; sabayisa ekamelweni, futhi lapho belungiselela ukukhumula, sabatshela ukuthi asizile ngocansi: sizele ukuzokhuluma, ukusiza.
Intombazane yaseKhmer yayesaba kakhulu ukufakaza, yaqala ukuqhaqhazela, isincenga ukuba singayithwebuli. Savumelana ngokugcwele nezifiso zakhe. Kodwa intombazane yaseVietnam, eyazalelwa edolobhaneni elincane eduze nomngcele, kusobala ukuthi yayingasalahlekelwa lutho.
Wayengaqiniseki ngeminyaka yakhe. Iqembu laseCambodia labashushumbisi lalimthumbile esemncane kakhulu. Bamdlwengula - bamdlwengula, bambamba emasimini izinsuku ezimbili - endleleni eya ePhnom Penh, ngemva nje kokumshushumbisela emngceleni. Base bemvalela komunye wemijondolo yoqalo, eKilometer Eleven. Ngemva kosuku, amakhasimende okuqala afika. โBengisaphuma igazi ngemuva kwento abangenze yona,โ kusho yena. โKodwa bathi bazongibulala uma ngingalali naloya mlungu.โ
Cishe wayeneminyaka engu-12 ubudala, mhlawumbe enonyaka owodwa noma emibili ubudala noma ngaphansi, ngangingakwazi ukubona. Futhi wayefaโฆ Ebulawa ingculaza. Amamaki ayebonakala, futhi kwakukhona amanye ama-syndromes ngokucacile lapho, futhi. Futhi wayekwazi - wayeyintombazane ehlakaniphile.
โNgifuna ukubuyela eVietnam,โ kusho yena. "Ngifuna ukuya ekhaya."
Ngalobo busuku, nganginentatheli yempi eqinile ikhala ehlombe lami, endaweni ethile yokucima ukoma emfuleni; ekhala okomntwana. โKungani?โ wakhala. โBangakwazi kanjani? Bangabantu ngempela laba bantu?โ
Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba kufike lobo busuku, kwadingeka sihlukane namantombazane. Sapakisha izinto zethu; imishini yethu, futhi sabatshela ukuthi sizokwenza konke okusemandleni ethu ukuze sizikhiphe lapho. Besizobanikeza ukheshi, ukuze bakhokhele abaphangi. Intombazane yaseVietnam yenqaba ukuthatha imali. Wangibheka emehlweni: โNgicela ungiyise ekhaya. Ngifuna ukubuyela eVietnamโ.
Kwaba sobala ukuthi wayesho ngaphandle kokusho ukuthi: โNgifuna ukufela lapho, ezweni lakithi.โ
"Ngeke ngikwazi manje, kodwa ngiyathembisa ukuthi uzogoduka maduze nje." Ngenza isifungo sami. Ngakhothama kuye, sengathi ungowesifazane omdala kakhulu kunami. Ngihambile. Angiphindanga ngambona.
Saphuma, sangena emini. Kwakukhona ithimba lonke lamabhampa eligade indawo. Akekho owesifazane owayengabaleka; ukulenza noma yikuphi eduze komgwaqo, umfula. Abanye onogada bebehlomile. Babebukeka bengenalutho - amehlo abandayo ababulali abaqinile.
Futhi nxazonke, amadoda aseYurophu, aseminyakeni yawo-40, 50, 60, 70; ukuphuza ubhiya, ama-flip-flops ezinyaweni zabo; abanye benqunu kusukela okhalweni kuya phezulu, benoboya, bephuphuma utshwala, isikhathi sokugcwalisa phakathi kocansi olushibhile, okuchazwa e-Phnom Penh, ngokuthi 'ama-shags'.
Kuleli qophelo, uzakwethu akasakwazi ukuzibamba. Wakhipha ikhamera waqala ukuthwebula sonke lesi sigameko: ama-bouncer, onogada, namafinyila ezivakashi zocansi zaseYurophu. Ngangesaba ukuthi usehlanye. Kodwa ngamlandela ngokushesha, njengoba ngalesi sikhathi, sase sitholakele, futhi akukho okwakubaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kokukhipha indaba.
Saqala ukusebenza njengezihlanya. Kwabe sekwenzeka into emangalisayo: labo ababedakiwe, abakhuluphele, ama-bastards amadala baqala ukusukuma: bagijimela kithi, bephethe amabhodlela kabhiya njengezikhali. Abakwazanga ukugijima ngokushesha: babecasuke kakhulu futhi lawo ma-flip-flop ababewagqokile abanciphisa ijubane.
Kodwa onogada babeshesha kakhulu.
โUngehleli phansi!โ Kumemeza umngani wami. โNoma yini eyenzekayo, hlala umi ngezinyawo zakho!โ
Sivele sakwazi ukungena emotweni. Bangasibulala uma bekwazi, ngiqinisekile. Umshayeli ubejuluka ekhala, washisa amathayi, wahlehla emgwaqeni owubhuqu, wakwazi ukusilanda, ngesikhathi. Khona-ke izinto zaqala ukushaya ihood; imisindo emibi yokushaya, ukuphuka kwengilazi. Kodwa akuzange kuqhume isibhamu. Futhi sasihamba.
Sidlulisele izithombe zethu, imininingwane kanye nezingxoxo kuma-NGO. Kwaphuma izindaba. Kwakungethina sodwa esasisebenza kulokhu. Ekugcineni iKilometre Eleven yahlaselwa isiphepho: futhi kwaba umbukiso owodwa omkhulu, isixuku: Amaphoyisa, amasoshaโฆAmantombazane wanikwa indawo yokukhosela, futhi iningi lawo labuyiselwa emakhaya.
Kodwa ngafunga ukuthi ngeke ngiphinde ngibuyele eCambodia. Ngangingafuni ukuchitha idola elilodwa kulelozwe, noma ihora elilodwa elingadingekile.
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Nebala ngabuya. Umuntu uhlala ebuyela eCambodia, uma esebenza kule ngxenye yomhlaba; ayikho indlela yokukugwema.
Ukubuyisa akuzange kube mnandi: Ngake ngaba nomlilo ongenayo, ngivela eqenjini labadobi abadidekile, e-Tonle Sap Lake, njengoba ngangihlezi, ngidalulwe ngokuphelele, ophahleni lwesikebhe esinesivinini, ngigqoke izikhindi zami nje, necigarillo elenga kuso. umlomo wami.
Ezinyangeni kamuva, ngachitha amahora ambalwa aphelele e-Kafkaesque ngixoxa eRoyal Palace, nonkosikazi kaNdunankulu, u-Hun Sen. Obuye aziwe ngelika-'Lady Macbeth', wathululela inhliziyo yakhe kimi ngalobo busuku, ngaphandle kokuzibamba, futhi ngenxa yalokho. asikho isizathu esisobala, okunye ukuthi sobabili 'sahlangana' emnyango weSigodlo, silinde unkosikazi kaNdunankulu wase-Japan u-Keizo Obuchi.
Futhi ngobunye balobo busuku bangempela baseCambodia, ngawa embhedeni wami, phansi othayela oqinile, lapho ihhotela lami lonke liqala ukunyakaza - kungaleso sikhathi amathangi kaNdunankulu Wesibili wangaleso sikhathi, 'umyeni kaLady Macbeth, eshada ngokujabula. ukuketula umbuso ngo-1997.
Ngokuqinisekile izinkumbulo ezinhle - zonke! Ubani ongeke athande iCambodia?
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Futhi ngabuya, futhi, kulokhu ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha ngingekho. NjengaseVietnam, bengiqopha lapha ngenkulumompikiswano/ifilimu yami noNoam Chomsky. Sasike sakhuluma ngeCambodia, futhi ngangidinga izithombe ezibukwayo ukuze ngibonise lokho esasikuxoxile.
I-Phnom Penh engangiyikhumbula yayingenye yezindawo ezidabukisa kakhulu e-Asia: izindlu zaseFrance ezibolayo, ezizungezwe ukungcola nobumpofu obudlulele, lapho ama-facade ahlaba umxhwele manje avikelwe izintambo ezihlabayo nezikagesi; izinxibi yonke indawo, kanye naleyo migwaqo ebanzi yenkathi yama-French enezimbobo zamabhodwe ezijulile.
Kusukela lapho, izinto ziye zashintsha kakhulu. I-Phnom Penh, njengoba kubikwe i-New York Times, isiba 'indawo yokunethezeka' entsha.
Idolobha lase liba nodlame kakhulu: izindawo zokudlela ezidumile zaseFrance, izindawo zokungcebeleka zabaklami be-hedonistic, amahhotela aphambili, amagalari akhokhisa ama-US $250 omaskandi abenziwe ngephepha, noma ama-US$70 wezindlovu zobumba, okungabiza u-US$10 eThailand engumakhelwane futhi ecebe ngendlela engenakuqhathaniswa.
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, bekunezimoto ezimbalwa kangangokuthi ihlaya laliwukuthi: akekho owayazi ukuthi yiluphi uhlangothi lomgwaqo abantu okufanele bashayele: kwesokunxele njengaseThailand, noma ngakwesokudla njengaseVietnam? Manje idolobha lase lishiywe ngokuphelele ezindaweni zokwamukela izimoto, zingenazo izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi. Ukuminyana kwezimoto kwaba yinsumansumane, nokungcola kwaba ngokwedlulele.
โUhulumeni unenkohlakalo, futhi inkampani kawoyela yaseCambodia, ingeyabantu abasezimbonini ezizimele kanye nezikahulumeni kanyekanye. Benza isiqiniseko sokuthi akukho okwakhelwa umphakathi,โ kuchaza umshayeli ngesikhathi sisavaleleke esiminyaminyeni sezimoto amahora amabili, endleleni eya esikhumulweni sezindiza.
Lokho kwakufana kakhulu nalokho okwakwenzeka e-Indonesia kanye namanye amazwe akhohlakele ngokulinganayo futhi ahlulekile, akhazinyuliswa eNtshonalanga 'njengentando yeningi'. Ngokubona kwami, ukuze bathole isitikha 'sentando yeningi', abantu bezwe, kwadingeka bavumele abahlonishwayo ukuba baphange le ndawo, ikakhulukazi egameni lezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe.
Isilinganiso sase-Cambodian 'se-'Corruption Perceptions Index' ye-Transparency International simi ku-157(2012), ocwaningweni lwamazwe angu-174, sibeka ngaphansi kwe-Angola kanye nje ngenhla kwe-DR Congo ekhungethwe yimpi, okusho into efanayo nenhlekelele ephelele yabantu. Futhi iqiniso cishe libi kakhulu, njengoba le nhlangano ezinze eBerlin ivame ukuchema; izinkomba zayo zenza amazwe obuKhomanisi nathuthukayo emhlabeni wonke, abukeke kabi kakhulu kunalawo aphulwa 'yimakethe yamahhala'.
I-Human Development Index yase-Cambodia ime ku-139 (2011), iphansi kunaleyo yase-Congo Brazzaville, Laos kanye 'nezwe elinyamalalayo' eliyisiqhingi saseKiribati. I-Cambodia ingesinye sezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zoMbuso ohlulekile.
Leli dolobha - inhloko-dolobha yelinye lamazwe ampofu kakhulu e-Asia - manje seligcwele iRange Rovers kanye neLexus SUV. Njengoba nje ngesikhathi sombuso wobushiqela okhohlakele osekela i-US eLon Nol, yonke ingcebo nokukhwabanisa kugxile ePhnom Penh; leso sifebe esidala esihamba nanoma ubani onikeza intengo engcono kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ngencazelo, ihambisana neNtshonalanga. Okwamanje, izindawo zasemaphandleni zibulawa indlala; likhungathekile ngenxa yokuntuleka kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, imfundo, namanani amangalisayo okudla.
I-Cambodia ayikhiqizi, idla kuphela. Noma ngokunembayo, labo abayisebenzisayo, badla konke okusemandleni ukukuthatha, okuhlanganisa nosizo olukhulu lwangaphandle.
Konke lokhu kwenzeka phambi kwamehlo 'Womphakathi Wamazwe Ngamazwe', omelwe 'ochwepheshe' kanye 'nabeluleki', abagcwele izindumiso zale Cambodia 'emnene' futhi 'ethobekile'.
Yebo ochwepheshe bamazwe ngamazwe bayalithanda leli zwe ngokungapheli! Ngokungafani neVietnam enobuqhawe, esebenza kanzima futhi eziqhenyayo, okwathi ngemva kokucekelwa phansi yizimpi eziningana ezaqhutshwa ngokumelene nayo imibuso yomhlaba, manje isiphinde futhi imi ngezinyawo zayo.
Abeluleki bakwamanye amazwe bangachitha kalula amashumi eminyaka namakhulu eminyaka eCambodia, bethola amaholo abo amakhulu. Baqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okuzothuthuka lapha, ngaphansi kwesimiso samanje, abasiza ekuklanyweni nasekusisebenziseni.
โAsikhiqizi lutho, cisheโ, kuchaza uNksz Sokheang Sun, umnikazi wendawo yokudlela encane eduze neRoyal Museum. โSilanda ukudla okuvela eVietnam nakwamanye amazwe. ICambodia izowa maduze uma iqhubeka kanjalo. Ngafundela ukuba ummeli, kodwa ukuze ngiphumelele ukuhlolwa kwe-Bar, ngatshelwa ukuthi ngikhokhe i-US$ 20,000 yokufumbathisa, ngakho-ke nganquma ukuvula ibhizinisi lami esikhundleni. Ngamosha iminyaka eminingana, ngifunda.โ
Ngenkathi iCambodia ingenisa ukudla okusezimakethe 'zokuvakasha okunethezeka', abantu bayo emaphandleni bawela umngcele, ngokungemthetho, bangene eVietnam, noma nini lapho begula noma belambile.
Ngaya izikhathi eziningana emingceleni ekude; hhayi ezindaweni ezidonsa kanzima, lapho amaphoyisa ethatha khona imali kubantu bakwamanye amazwe ngalokho okubizwa ngama-visa (uhlobo lwemali yokungena esemthethweni yama-US$20), kodwa ezindaweni ezisagcwele ama-craters ekuqhumeni kukakhaphethi wase-US; emadolobhaneni aphansi agcwele amasiko kodwa nobuhlungu nokuphelelwa ithemba, ukuya emaphandleni lapho iningi labantu baseCambodia lisaphila, noma lisaphila ngokunembile, ngenxa yokulima okuziphilisayo.
โSiphelelwe yithembaโ, iMeya yesigodi, uPrek Kres, yake yangitshela. Sasisemngceleni weVietnam. Onogada nhlangothi zombili babelele noma bephuza; umuntu wayekwazi ukuwela emuva naphambili emgwaqeni owubhuqu owenziwe ngenhlabathi ebomvu.
โKodwa izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zithi nenza kahleโ, ngenza sengathi ngididekile. "Bathi i-Cambodia ilungile, futhi une... uyazi... intando yeningiโฆ Amaqembu amaningi ezepolitiki nokunye okunjalo."
Wakhafulela phansi, ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakhe. โAwukwazi ukudla amaqembu epolitikiโ, esho enganakile. โUma silambile siyawela. Uma sigula, siwelaโฆโ Waqhweba ebheke eVietnam.
โNgitshele ngempi?โ Ngibuzile. โNibaqhumise ngamabhomu nisuka lapha? Ngabe iCambodia yagoba iVietnam?"
"Sibaqhume ngamabhomu ngaso sonke isikhathi", ukuqinisekisile. โICambodia ibizama ukucasula iVietnam. Ubukeka sengathi uyazi, kungani ubuza?"
โNgiyazi, kodwa they angaziโฆโ ngasho. Ngabe sengikhafula ngaphansi kwezinyawo zami, ngikhombisa ukusondelana neMeya. "Uyaziโฆ naboโฆโ Ngakhomba i-crater eseduze esabonakala emgwaqeni.
โO, bonaโฆ Hhayi-ke, bese ubatshela.โ
โLalela...โ Nganquma ukumbuza the umbuzo, ongathathwa 'njengokungafaneleki' ndawana thize eNew York noma eLondon noma eSydney, ngisho nasemahhovisi e-UN. โIngabe labo bantu baseKhmer Rouge babengamaKhomanisi ngempela?โ
โBebengamahlongandlebe, hhayi amaKhomanisiโ, lokhu kubuya kumhumushi wami. IMeya ikhulume into enamandla kakhulu, ebonakala ingahumusheki. Kodwa wayengakaqedi. Wakhomba efulegini elibomvu elinenkanyezi ephuzi, endizela phezu komngcele waseVietnam. โLezi abantu bangamaKhomanisiโฆโ Akazange amathe kulokhu. Wavele wasondeza isandla sakhe sokudla ngasethempelini lakhe, okwakungase kube uhlobo oluthile lokubingelela. Kodwa mhlawumbe bengizicabangela nje.
Sema emngceleni ombozwe ama-craters, manje amachibi amancane. Yilapho kwaqala khona ukulwa kokuqala phakathi kweKhmer Rouge neVietnam, futhi elinye lamaphuzu lapho amasosha aseVietnam ahlasela khona, nakanjani kwasindisa izigidi ezengeziwe zabantu baseCambodia ekufeni okuthile. Kodwa amazwe aseNtshonalanga ancamela ukubona lesi senzo njengokuhlasela kanye nomsebenzi; hhayi njengenkululeko. I-US igxeke iVietnam, ifuna ku-UN ukuthi kuhoxiswe amasosha ayo ngokushesha futhi kubuyiswe uhulumeni osemthethweni - okusho ukuthi iKhmer Rouge - emandleni.
Futhi iCambodia yathengisa futhi: esikhundleni sokubhekana nokwedlule kwayo ngesithunzi nangokwethembeka, yahweba ngeqiniso ngemali nosizo, futhi njengengxenye yesinye isivumelwano sebhizinisi, yaqala ukuzimaketha njengesisulu sobuKhomanisi.
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โBabengenazo izingoma zothando, ungacabanga? Babenezingoma zabo zenkulumo-ze kuphela!โ
Ngangisendaweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Killing Fields, futhi umqondisi osemusha wayenikeza intshumayelo esemthethweni yokuqothulwa kohlanga, eqenjini labavakashi baseMalaysia ababenesithukuthezi, kanye nesixuku sabantu baseYurophu asebekhulile, ababeqale lolo hambo lokunethezeka 'lwasempumalanga. hlala njengesihambi, ngokuphuza 'kwedrama yangempela': i-Killing Fields, ukubulawa kwabantu, kanye ne-Pol Potโฆ
โUngakwazi, kodwa ungacabanga ngempela; azikho izingoma zothando?" Ahlahle amehlo umholi. AbaseMalaysia babukeka bedangele kakhulu. Bazama ukucabanga, kodwa behluleka. AbeLungu babefuna okwengeziwe; ukuswelakala kwezingoma zothando akubenzelanga lutho: babelapha ngezindaba zokuchitheka kwegazi zangempela.
โUxoloโ, ngibuza ngesizotha. "Ungasitshela yini ngalaba bantu baseCambodia abayizigidi ezingama-500,000 kuya ku-1 abashona ngesikhathi kuqhunyiswa amabhomu ekhaphethi e-US emaphandleni? Niyazi, lapho besebenzisa lawo mabhomu asindayo amasu, ama-B-52; lapho bona, njengaseLaos, besebenzisa โkonke okundizayo, ngokumelene nakho konke okunyakazayo?โโ
Umqondisi ubonakale emangele.
โAngikaze ngizwe ngalokhuโ, wagcina ephimisa.
Abantu baseMalaysia babesekwimodi yabo ethi 'no-love-songs-under-Khmer-Rouge'. AbeLungu babedubula idlamlilo libheke mina. Bengicekela phansi iholidi labo: Awukhokhi ama-Euro angu-3,000 ukuze uzwe ukuthi iNtshonalanga, iphinde yabulala kanjani izigidi zabantu, nokuthi okuningi kwalokho abakutshelwa ezikrinini ze-Western TV, kwakuyinqwaba yamanga.
โKuthiwani ngokusitshela okuthile ngendlela uMnu. Kissingerโฆ uyazi ukuthi wayengubani, akunjalo? Indlela uMnu. Kissinger asekela ngayo uMnu. Pol Pot kanye ne-Khmer Rouge, nokuthi wayelokhu ecela kanjani amaShayina ukuthi abasize, naboโฆโ
Wangizonda umkhokheli; kusukela ngaleso sikhathi wala ukukhuluma. Izivakashi zaseYurophu zangizonda. AbaseMalaysia babesangathathi hlangothi; Bengibadinga ngakimi.
"Umhlaba tampa cintaโ, ngibakhulume ngolimi lwabo. โKulungile."
"Umhlaba ngaphandle kothando ubungeke ube muhle". Ngokushesha bangithatha ngingowabo; ukumamatheka okufudumele nokunye. Manje ngase ngazi: Uma izindimbane zabavakashi baseYurophu zinganquma ukuhlasela; Ngangineqembu lami lase-Asia elilungele ukungivikela.
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Ngokocwaningo lweNyuvesi yaseYale, 'uhlelo lwaseCambodian Genocide', uMnu. Kissinger usephinde wabonisa indlela enemibala eminingi yokwenza izinto zibe nombono ofanele. Yilokhu akusho ngenkathi exoxa nge-Khmer Rouge noNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseThailand u-Chatichai ngoNovemba 26, 1975:
UKissinger: "Kufanele futhi utshele abantu baseCambodia ukuthi sizoba abangani nabo. Bangababulali, kodwa ngeke sikuvumele lokho kusiphazamise. Sizimisele ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano nabo."
Futhi OwayenguMeluleki Wezokuphepha Kuzwelonke WaseMelika, uZbigniew Brzezinski, wayelokhu ecwayiza ngokumangazayo ithimba laseShayina ngo-1979:
โNgakhuthaza amaShayina ukuthi aseke iPol Pot. I-Pol Pot yayiyisinengiso. Asisoze sameseka, kodwa iChina yayingakwazi. โ NgokukaBrzezinski, i-USA โyacisha iso, kancane kancane esidlangalaleniโ ngosizo lwamaShayina nolwaseThailand oluya ku-Khmer Rouge.
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Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ngachitha isikhathi esithile noMnu. Van Nat, umdwebi owayalelwa ukuba apende izithombe ngesikhathi sokubulawa kwabantu abaningi esikoleni esidume kabi i-S-21, i-Khmer Rouge eyayisiguqule yaba imboni yokuhlushwa ngesihluku (manje, enye yezindawo eziqokwe yi-UNESCO ebizwa ngokuthi โInkumbulo Yomhlabaโ). UMnu. Van Nat wayengomunye wabambalwa abasinde kulesi sikhungo esibi, kanye nombhali wencwadi ebizwa ngokuthi, "A Cambodian Prison Portrait: One Year in the Khmer Rouge's S-21" (White Lotus Press).
โKwakubi,โ echaza, โKodwa iKhmer Rouge ayizange ibulale abantu abayisigidi noma ezimbili. Kwakungekho khono lokukwenza. Sekukonke ngilinganisela ukuthi babulale abesilisa, abesifazane nezingane abangaba ngu-200,000.โ
Kubi impela lokho, kodwa ubani obulele abanye? Yonke imininingwane yezibalo ikhomba, ukuthi ngeminyaka yawo-1970, iCambodia yalahlekelwa cishe abantu abayizigidi ezimbili.
Isibalo esikhulu sabantu sanyamalala ngenxa yokuqhuma kwamabhomu e-US. Umbutho Wamasosha Asemoyeni wase-US ubekade eqhumisa amabhomu ngasese e-Cambodia, esebenzisa ama-B-52 kusukela ngoMeyi 1969. Lapho ebhekene nokunqotshwa eVietnam ngo-1973, kwaqala ukuqhuma kwamabhomu ngokhaphethi, ukuze kusekelwe umbuso kaLon Nol, owawuwuhlaka. de facto Uhulumeni wopopayi wase-US. Isazi-mlando uDavid P. Chandler siyabhala:
Ngenkathi umkhankaso umiswa ... ama-B-52 awise amabhomu angaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi ezweni lapho i-United States yayingekho empini - ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwethoni yehla eJapane phakathi neMpi Yezwe II.
Impi yaseCambodia yaziwa ngokuthi "umbukiso oseceleni" yizintatheli ezikhuluma ngempi yaseVietnam kanye nabenzi benqubomgomo baseMelika eLondonโฆcishe amasosha kanye nezakhamuzi ezingaba ngu-500,000 zabulawa esikhathini esiyiminyaka emi-4. Kuphinde kwabangela ababaleki ababalelwa ezigidini ezimbili ukuba babalekele emaphandleni beya enhloko-dolobha.
Okuwukuphela kwenhloso i-US eyayinayo esifundeni ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuvimbela ukunyakaza kwamaKhomanisi nabaholi beqiniso bobuzwe, ekulondolozeni noma ekuthatheni amandla eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ikakhulukazi e-Indonesia, ebusiswe ngemithombo yemvelo eyigugu.
Ngokusekela i-Khmer Rouge, i-US yabonisa ukuthi akukho lutho lwamaKhomanisi ngoPol Pot neqembu lakhe.
Lowo owayezibiza ngoMaoist, owayeshisekela kakhulu ezindaweni zokudlela zaseParis ngesikhathi edingiselwe eFrance, u-Pol Pot wayengeyena u-Ho Chi Minh noma uMao. Futhi wakwazi ukubamba amandla ngenxa yokwesaba kwe-US ngokumelene nezakhamuzi zaseCambodian: kwaba ukwesaba nosizi olulethwa ukuqhuma kwamabhomu okwakufanele kuvimbele iCambodia ekukhetheni indlela efanayo (yamaKhomanisi) njengeVietnam, okwavulela iKhmer umnyango. Ukuthathwa kwe-rouge.
Abalimi abangaba yizigidi ezimbili babalekela enhloko-dolobha. Abaningi balimala; bonke babebulawa indlala futhi bephelile. Bangaki abafa ngenxa yokuqhuma kwamabhomu e-US akuqiniseki, kodwa okungenani i-2 futhi mhlawumbe abaningi njengesigidi esingu-500,000, noma ngisho nangaphezulu.
Labo abafika ePhnom Penh, kanye nalabo ababehlala emaphandleni, babewuzonda umbuso kaLon Nol, futhi babezonda izicukuthwane zasemadolobheni ngokuchema nalabo ababeqhumisa izwe labo ngamabhomu.
I-Countryside yayingazi lutho ngobuKhomanisi. Ngaleso sikhathi, okwakwaziwa kwakuyinzondo, eyayibangelwa ukuhlupheka okunyantisayo. Ukube u-Pol Pot ubengatshela abalimi ukuthi babulale abahlonishwayo basemadolobheni kanye namalungu esigaba esimaphakathi ngaphansi kwesibhengezo seklabhu yebhola lezinyawo i-Colo-Colo e-Santiago de Chile, noma ngaphansi kwesikhangiso esithile samanabukeni, bebengeke bangabaze umzuzwana owodwa. Kwakuyimpindiselo enyantisayo yokubulala, hhayi ukubulawa kwabantu ngemibono.
Iqiniso elingemnandi ukuthi ukuqothulwa kohlanga kwavela emoyeni, hhayi phansi. Futhi asikho isikhumbuzo sezisulu ezaqothulwa uMbuso. Futhi ngokushaqisayo, angazi lutho ngocwaningo olwenziwe abantu baseCambodia uqobo ngale ndaba. Alukho uxhaso, alukho ucwaningo, kubonakala. Futhi yithiyori ehlekisayo kuphela ethi "Yokuqothulwa Kohlanga LwamaKhomanisi" evuzwa ngokukhululekile.
Ngemuva kokuthi ukuqhuma kwamabhomu kukhaphethi kususe izigidi, amabhomu kanye amabhomu eyayigcwele indawo yasemaphandleni, yavimbela izigidi zabalimi ukuba babuyele emasimini abo, elinye iqiniso elingashiwongo neze: iqiniso lokuthi kwakungenakwenzeka ngempela ukondla izwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo.
Isizwe sonke sasikhubazekile, sisuswa endaweni noma sifile. Engeza ukungaphathi kahle kanye ne-idiocy yamaqembu e-Khmer Rouge futhi uthola zonke izithako ezibalulekile zendlala nezinye izinto ezishaqisayo.
Kodwa yeka ukungabaza okudingekayo engxenyeni yaseNtshonalanga ukusola inhlekelele yaseCambodia kubuKhomanisi!
Futhi futhi, yeka isiyalo nokuzimisela ukubambisana, ngasohlangothini lwaseCambodia!
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Esikhumulweni sezindiza, amaphoyisa ophiko lwezokufika aphinde ahamba ngogesi. Bathole amathoyizi abo amasha avela eNtshonalanga: amakhamera kanye nezifundiso zeminwe.
Ngafika sekusele ihora ngaphambi kokuba ngihambe, ngemva kokuhlala amahora amabili esiminyaminyeni sezimoto esinyantisayo. Ngazizwa ngigula ngenxa yokusebenzisa ngokweqile isikhutha. Ukugula nokukhathala: Ngangifuna ukubuyela eVietnam, noma ekhaya eJapane. Kunalokho sengizogibela i-Thai Airways ngiye e-Bangkok ngixhume e-Kolkata.
Wonke umuntu onqenqemeni. Izikhulu zabokufika zibukeka futhi ziziphatha njengokungathi ziyaphuma efilimini ethile ekhuluma ngeqembu elibusayo lobufascist. Bakhombisa inzondo engapheli kubagibeli.
Ngizama ukuba nobuntu: Ngibeka ifomu lokusuka lapho i-visa yami ikhona, njengoba ipasipoti yami iwugqinsi njengenoveli ka-Proust. Indoda ikhipha ifomu, bese ingijikijela ipasi lami futhi ithi ngithole i-visa. Lokho kuwukuhlukumeza okucacile, kodwa ngiphinde ngithole i-visa. Uyangishumayeza, angithwebule; bese engijikijela ipasi. Indiza iphelele phansi. Aqale ahleke nozakwabo.
Futhi yilapho kanye nginenele khona. Ngimtshela, ngokucacile nangokuzwakalayo, ngakho-ke kuyazwakala, ukuthi aphume futhi athathe ipasipoti. Ngibe sengisho engikucabangayo ngaye, ngolimi lukaBukowski, hhayi ngolimi lwaseByron, kanye nalokho engikucabangayo ngemishini yakhe yokunyathelisa iminwe, amakhamera akhe kanye nonina.
Ngokushesha yonke into iyashintsha. Ushiya idokodo, athathe ipasipoti, axolise futhi angibuyisele kimi, njengoba ngenzile kuye ngaphambili, futhi njengoba kwenziwa e-Asia: ngezandla ezimbili.
Umlayezo ucacile: eCambodia, labo abanamandla, babulala, bahlukumeza futhi balulaza kuphela labo ababuthakathaka futhi bethukile.
Ngokumthethisa, ngibonisa ukuthi angesabi, okungenza ngesabe kakhulu.
Kuyasebenza; isebenza njalo ezindaweni ezinjengalezi. Kodwa ungomunye walabo abagulayo; izikhathi zokugula kakhulu, futhi ngase nginazo eziningi kakhulu ekuphileni kwami.
โIba nendiza enhleโ, esho kimi, ngezwi eliqinile.
Angisho lutho. Ngifuna ukuphuma lapha, ngokushesha.
I-Thai Airways isesikhathini. Njengoba yehla ngomzila wezindiza, ngiphinda njengoba ngenzile izikhathi eziningi ngaphambili: โangiphindeโฆ Angisafuni ukubuyela kuleli zweโ.
Kodwa ngiyazi ukuthi ngizokwenza. Angikwazi ukumelana nezindaba zesi-Cambodia, njengoba abantu abaningi baseMalaysia bengakwazi ukumelana nezingoma zothando namamuvi athusayo.
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U-Andre Vltchek ungumbhali wamanoveli, umenzi wefilimu kanye nentatheli ephenyayo. Wakhuluma ngezimpi nezingxabano emazweni amaningi. Incwadi yakhe nge-Western imperialism eSouth Pacific - Oceania โ ishicilelwe uLulu. Incwadi yakhe evusa inkanuko nge-post-Suharto Indonesia kanye nemodeli ye-market-fundamentalist ibizwa ngokuthi โI-Indonesia - Iqoqo leziqhingi Zokwesabaโ (Pluto). Ngemva kokuhlala iminyaka eminingi eLatin America nase-Oceania, u-Vltchek njengamanje uhlala futhi esebenza eMpumalanga Asia nase-Afrika. Angafinyelelwa ngeyakhe iwebhusayithi.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela