Ukugxininisa kumphefumlo kunye nombulelo, incwadi yamva nje kaDahr Jamail, “Isiphelo soMkhenkce: Ukunikela Ubungqina kunye nokuFumana iNjongo kwiNdlela yoKuphazamiseka kweMozulu,” ithungela kunye ukuzazisa kunye nodliwano-ndlebe olubuhlungu kunye neengcali eziphambili zemozulu. Umkhenkce ohla ngokukhawuleza weDenali National Park, ikhaya leyona ncopho iphakamileyo kuMntla Merika, waphefumlela isihloko sale ncwadi. "Iminyaka esixhenxe yokunyuka e-Alaska yandinika isihlalo esingaphambili ukusuka apho ndandinokubona khona ifuthe elimangalisayo lokuphazamiseka kwemozulu okubangelwa ngumntu," ubhala uJamail.
Ngokubalisa amabali acacileyo, uJamail utyhalela emantla kwiArctic Circle apho ukufudumala kwenzeka ngesantya esiphindiweyo. Uphonononga utshintsho olukhawulezayo kwiZiqithi zePribilof, apho abantu bomthonyama kuye kwafuneka bajamelane nokufa okuchaphazela iintaka zaselwandle, itywina loboya, intlanzi, kunye nokunye - ukuwohloka kwewebhu yokutya. Ibali liyaqhubeka kwiGreat Barrier Reef ecekeceke, eyonakaliswe ngokupheleleyo lulwandle olushushu. UMzantsi Florida awukho ngcono: UJamail ufumanisa ukuba i-2.46 yezigidi zeehektare zikarhulumente ziya kuntywiliselwa kubomi bakhe. Iingcali zothukile kuyo yonke indawo uJamail endwendwela. KwiAmazon, etyebileyo ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, imiphumo iba mikhulu ngakumbi.
Echaza imeko yangoku yesi sijikelezi-langa, u-Jamail usifanisa nomntu okwikhaya labagulela ukufa. Ubushushu behlabathi jikelele sele buyi-1 degree Celsius ngaphezu kwamanqanaba aphambi koshishino. Kwisiqingatha seshumi leminyaka eyadlulayo, isazinzulu semozulu uJames Hansen lumkisa ukuba eso sidanga sinye siya kuzisa intlekele yokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle, ukunyibilika komkhenkce weArctic, kunye nemozulu embi. Wagqiba kwelokuba injongo yokunciphisa ubushushu behlabathi bufikelele kwiqondo eli-2 kuphela “kuyingozi kakhulu.” Ukunyibilika okukhawulezileyo kwiArctic kuyaqhubeka lidlula uqikelelo oluluqilima. UJamail usikhumbuza ukuba “ngokukhawuleza njengoko amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi esanda, kukwanjalo noqikelelo lobushushu. I-Arhente yezaMandla yaMazwe ngaMazwe egcinayo iqikelele ngeyona meko imbi kakhulu yokunyuka kwe-3.5°C ngo-2035.”
Kuncinci okusebenzayo ukukhuthaza isenzo. Mhlawumbi awukho umzekelo ongcono wenzululwazi yemozulu engahoywayo kunomkhanyeli wokutshintsha kwemozulu onyulwe njengomongameli waseUnited States.
Isoyikiso se-apocalypse esizayo siyakhathaza kakhulu, sibangela uloyiko, kwaye le ngxaki iquka konke okusingqongileyo, ezoqoqosho, kunye nemeko yokomoya ishiya umntu eziva engenakuzinceda kwaye esentlungwini. “Ukuphela Komkhenkce” kuthabatha ubunzima obupheleleyo bentlekele ezayo. UJamail uthwala intlungu yomfundi ngokuvakalisa eyakhe.
“Olu linge longxowankulu lwehlabathi, olu linge lokwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso kunye nokutshisa amafutha eefosili ngokugqithisileyo kukusilela okukhulu,” uxelele uJamail iThe Intercept. Ukholelwa ukuba lixesha lokuba aqalise ukuziqhelanisa. Kuya kufuneka senze ngokungathi imeko yemozulu ifikile kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuphinda siqhagamshele kwiplanethi. UJamail uthethe neThe Intercept malunga nencwadi yakhe yamva nje kunye nokujongana nosizi lokunika ingxelo ukusuka kumlo ongaphambili wemfazwe e-Iraq ukuya kwiindawo eziphambili zokuphazamiseka kwemozulu. Udliwano-ndlebe olulandelayo luhlelelwe ukucaciselwa.
UDahr Jamail ufunda isicatshulwa kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Isiphelo soMkhenkce" kwi-Intercepted Podcast eqala ngo-54:57.
Incwadi yakho ibindimfamekisile ngeyona ndlela bendingayilindelanga. Bendicinga ukuba iya kuba ngomnye owomileyo, onzima ukufunda, umsebenzi onzima wezibalo, kodwa endaweni yoko uye wabalisa amabali atyebileyo ngentsebenziswano yokwenyani kunye neemvakalelo kwaye uthethe ngemeko yakho yeemvakalelo ngelixa unika ingxelo ngayo yonke le nto. Ke ndixelele nje ngale ndlela yokubhala kunye nendlela oziva ngayo ngexesha lolu dliwano-ndlebe nazo zonke ezi nzululwazi kunye nabaphandi.
Ukuphuma ukuya kwezi ndawo zangaphambili ezifana ne-Great Barrier Reef okanye iDenali okanye iSt. impendulo yobuqu kunye neemvakalelo kuloo nto. Kwaye ke zonke ezi ndawo zinje ngeGreat Barrier Reef kunye neDenali kunye nesibini sabanye endinobudlelwane obusondeleyo bexesha elide, ndingabajonga ekuhambeni kwexesha. Uninzi lwabantu aluzukuya kwiindawo ezininzi. Ngoko ngokwenene yayingumzamo wam wokuzama ukuzisa oko kubo ngokubhala kwam kangangoko ndinako.
Ndaphuma ndothuswa ngumbilini, ndiphephetheka ngokupheleleyo bubungangamsha bezi ndawo, ndifumana le mizuzu: Jonga le planethi imangalisayo. Jonga le mikhenkce ijingayo eDenali. Jonga ezi ntlanzi kwiGreat Barrier Reef. Kwaye kwangaxeshanye, umvandedwa wentliziyo wokubuyela kumkhenkce kwaye wonke umkhenkce uphelile kwaye uvakalelwe yiloo punch yamathumbu.
Yiloo nto eyayivakala. Okanye ubuyela kwiGreat Barrier Reef: LiLifa leMveli leHlabathi. Ngulo mmangaliso wendalo yendalo. Kwaye ukuntywila kwiindawo apho yonke into oyibonayo ifakwe i-coral emhlophe kwaye ukwazi ukuba uninzi lwayo luza kufa kwaye luthule, lungabi nabomi beentlanzi, kwaye uzive njalo. Ngoko yayingamava angexesha elinye oloyiko kunye nombulelo kwesi sijikelezi-langa kunye nobuhlungu bentliziyo malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kuyo.
Cacisa ngela gama ulisebenzisayo xa ubhekisa kutshintsho lwemozulu, olwalufudula lusithi “global warming”; Uyibiza ngokuba "kukuphazamiseka kwemozulu yeanthropogenic." Ngoko kutheni usenza loo mahluko?
Ndisebenzisa igama elithi "ukuphazamiseka kwemozulu okubangelwa ngumntu okanye i-anthropogenic" endaweni yokutshintsha kwemozulu okanye ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngezizathu ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo. Eyokuqala nokuphambili yeyokuba, yeyona ichanekileyo ngokwesayensi kuba ngokusisiseko i-geoengineering imozulu, yinto esiyenzileyo ngokutofa i-CO2 eninzi emoyeni, siphazamise imozulu. Kwaye ke esinye isizathu sesokuba bekukho impembelelo yamafutha efosili kutshintsho lwemozulu kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo ukuze ibe yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuchaza imoniker: “utshintsho” kuba ayothusanga njengengxaki yemozulu okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemozulu okanye intlekele yemozulu.
Enye yezinto othetha ngazo kakhulu kule ncwadi kukuqhawuka konxibelelwano esinalo thina singabantu emhlabeni kweli nqanaba.
Ewe, luluntu lwamakoloniyali aseNtshona. Kusiqeqeshela ukuba siqhawulwe kwiplanethi. Ayinakwenzeka ukuba sihambe kwaye siphile ngokuthe ngqo kubudlelwane noMhlaba. Akuyomfuneko ukuba siye emlanjeni ukuze siye kukha amanzi ethu. Akuyomfuneko ukuba siye kuzingela okanye silime ukutya kwethu ukuba asifuni. Yinto echasene nendlela yokuphila yemveli, ngokwesiko. Yiyo loo nto ndikholelwa ukuba oyena nobangela wokuphazamiseka kwemozulu kukuqhawulwa kwethu kwendalo kwiplanethi. “Eyethu” ibe ngabo kuthi baphilayo, uninzi lwethu luhlala kuluntu oluhambele phambili kwezoshishino lwaseNtshona. Kwaye isisombululo sesokuqala, kufuneka siqale ngokudibanisa kwakhona. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba yiloo nto singaboni rhoqo ukuphazamiseka kwemozulu kwizihloko zeendaba kuba uninzi lwethu luhlala kwiidolophu ezinkulu, ukutya kwethu kwiivenkile zokutya; amanzi ethu, uvule itephu. Nanga amanzi akho.
Singayihoya okanye senze ngathi asiyihoyi kwaye siziva ngathi ezi mpembelelo zisichaphazela ngqo. Kwaye uninzi lwethu olusahlala kweli qamza, sisenako ukubaleka kuloo nto. Ndicinga ukuba iyatshintsha phambi kwamehlo ethu, kodwa ndicinga ukuba ngoyena nobangela wale ngxaki - kukuqhawulwa konxibelelwano. Kuba ukuba besihlala kufutshane nomhlaba, njengokuba abantu bomthonyama besenza amawaka kunye namawaka eminyaka, uhambelana kakuhle nemozulu. Kwaye xa kufika iimvula kwaye xa kufika imbalela kunye nokukwazi ukufunda izinto ezinjalo kunye nokubukela ukuba izilwanyana zenza ntoni kwaye zenze izigqibo ezisekelwe kuloo nto - uya kuthatha unonophelo olungcono kakhulu kwindawo ohlala kuyo, ukuba 'sihlala ngokusondeleyo ngakumbi kuyo. Kwaye ngokucacileyo awuyi kuyithatha njengenkathalo elungileyo ukuba uqhawukene ngokupheleleyo nayo.
Ke ukuba ubuyele kwincwadi yokuqala oyibhalileyo malunga nokunika ingxelo ukusuka kwi-frontlines e-Iraq ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kule ncwadi inika ingxelo ukusuka kumgca ongaphambili wokutshintsha kwemozulu: Ezo zizihloko ezinzima ngokwenene ukuhlala kunye nokujongana nazo ixesha elide.
Njengokubi njengokunika ingxelo nge-Iraq kum, ngokobuqu-imfazwe yinto enzima kakhulu ukuhlala nayo kwaye ufumanise indlela yokujongana nayo kwaye ujongane ne-PTSD kunye nayo yonke le nto iza nayo. Yinto ke leyo endiye ndihlale nayo ubomi bam bonke kwaye nabani na ebesemfazweni uyayenza. Ayisoze imke; ufunda nje ukuphila nayo.
Kodwa ingxaki yemozulu kunye nale ncwadi ibinjalo kodwa kwinqanaba elinzulu kuba ihlala ibetha okanye ibhabha, umzekelo, "Owu Thixo wam, siphulukana neepesenti ezi-2.4 zezinambuzane zethu, iipesenti ezi-2.4 zesinambuzane. i-biomass yeplanethi ngonyaka. Oko kuthetha ukuba kule ndlela yangoku, kucingwa ukuba ayikhawulezi, oko kuthetha ukuba akusayi kubakho zinambuzane kwisithuba sekhulu leminyaka. Ukungabi sabakho zinambuzane kuthetha ukuba akusekho bantu.” Kwaye ke loo mvakalelo ivelayo ukwazi ukuba kukho uloyiko. Kukho uvalo. Kukho umlo okanye ukubaleka. Ndiyaphi? Andinakuya ndawo. Le yiplanethi yethu kuphela kwaye ke zonke ezo mvakalelo kunye nosizi oluzayo, uya kujongana naloo nto.
Ke ukuba le yinto eyenzekayo kwiplanethi yethu, kuya kubakho umdaniso oqhubekayo kunye nosizi oluvela ngenxa yosizi, umsindo kubantu abanoxanduva, olu hlobo lwe-schizophrenia yangaphakathi, "Ewe, kwaye ndisaqhuba. , kwaye ndisabhabha, ukanti ndibhala le ncwadi ethetha ngemozulu embi.” Sonke siphila kule mpucuko yaseNtshona, ngumdaniso lowo sonke esifumana ukukhuphisana nawo yonke imihla ukuba ngokwenene siqala ukuhlekisa ngeemvakalelo zethu.
Ke ndifuna ukungena kwezinye iinkcukacha kwizahluko ezahlukeneyo zencwadi. Ngaba ungathetha nam kancinci malunga nokunyibilika komkhenkce kwimimandla ye-Arctic obukuyo kwaye luhlobo luni lwekamva esijonge kulo kuthungelwano lwendalo?
Ukuba sijonga okwenzekayo kwimikhenkce yomhlaba wonke njengoko isijikelezi-langa sisiya sifudumala ngokuphawulekayo, silahlekelwa ngumkhenkce ngomlinganiselo okhula ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye ke enye yezinto endizenzileyo kukuba, ndaphuma ndaya kwiGulkana Glacier kuluhlu lweAlaska kunye nabasebenzi base-US Geological Survey abenza uphando lonyaka lobunzima. Ngokusisiseko baphuma emkhenkceni baze bagrumbe imingxuma kwaye bathathe imilinganiselo kunye nezityalo zezityalo kwaye basebenzise i-radar kwaye balinganise ukuba ungakanani umkhenkce olahlekileyo ngonyaka. Zininzi ezi zijikeleze uMntla Melika abawulinganiselayo kwaye, ngaloo ndlela, banengxelo echanekileyo, ngokwezibalo, yokuba ungakanani umkhenkce olahlekileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ngokusisiseko, into esiyaziyo kukuba i-glaciers isendleleni, umzekelo, kwi-contiguous 48 ithi kwiindlela zangoku kunye namazinga okukhutshwa kwangoku, ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, mhlawumbi akuyi kubakho i-glaciers naphi na eshiywe kwiindawo ezidibeneyo ze-48 ngo-2100. waphuma waya ebaleni eGlacier National Park kunye noGqr. Dan Fagre, kwaye wandixelela ukuba iGlacier National Park ayisayi kuba nemikhenkce esebenzayo ngo-2030. Ngoko ke kungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-11 ukusuka ngoku.
Kwaye ke ukuba sisondeza ngaphandle kweHindu Kush kwingingqi yeHimalaya apho kukho umkhenkce omkhulu: Kukho indawo enkulu yomkhenkce. Isixhenxe seyona milambo mikhulu yaseAsia ifumaneka apho. Loo mkhenkce usendleleni yokumka, mhlawumbi ngokupheleleyo, ngo-2100. Kwimeko apho, abantu abazibhiliyoni ezisisi-1.5 abafumana amanzi abo okusela nezolimo kulawo manzi, baya phi? Benze ntoni? Kwenzeka ntoni kwiindawo abafudukela kuzo kuba kuza kufuneka bafuduke? Asinakuhlala kwindawo apho kungekho manzi aselwayo namanzi okunkcenkceshela izityalo. Ngoko xa umkhenkce uphela, yinto enkulu ebantwini. Kwaye abantu abaninzi abayicingi le nto.
Ngaba ungandixelela ngohambo lwakho lokuya kwiGreat Barrier Reef nento oyibone apho? Kukho into enokuthiwa malunga ne-coral reef phenomenon ekuthetheni malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu kuba yenye yezinto abantu abanokunxibelelana nazo ngendlela yeemvakalelo. Abantu bakuthiyile ukubona izinto ezintle zitshatyalaliswa. Asiyithandi ngokwenene. Ke ngoko njengomntu obonakalayo, ndicinga ukuba yindlela enomdla yokufikelela kutshintsho lwemozulu: Bonisa abantu iingqaqa zekorale kunye noko siphulukana nako.
Ngomngcipheko wokuvakala kwe-cheesy okanye i-cliche, yinxalenye yaloo nkqubo yokudibanisa kwakhona kwiplanethi. Kwaye uyazi, xa ndibhala le ncwadi, bendinethemba lokuba ukuba bendinenjongo enye yale ncwadi kukuba umntu afunde kwaye ayibeke phantsi aye ngaphandle naphi na apho athanda khona ukunxibelelana noMhlaba - nokuba Ulwandle, iintaba, idlelo, nokuba yintoni na onayo, ngokuba silibele. Silibele. Jonga le planethi emangalisayo sihlala kuyo. Phuma nje kwaye ujonge umthi oneentaka kwaye ujonge nje imizuzu embalwa. Jonga yonke le nto. Indalo iyenza yodwa yonke le nto.
Kwaye emva koko sijonge into esiyenzileyo, kwaye sijonge ukuba izenzo zethu zibangela ntoni na. Kuya kufuneka siyithathele phantsi loo nto, kwaye ndicinga ukuba kulapho sibuyela khona kulo mdaniso wobuhle kunye noloyiko kunye nomangaliso kunye nothando ngaxeshanye, "Jonga indlela esiphulukene ngayo nayo yonke into ngokukhawuleza." Ndiyathetha, kuba silahlekelwa yiyo. Sohlulekile. Olu lingelo, olu linge longxowankulu behlabathi, olu linge lokwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso kunye nokutshisa izibaso zefosili ngokuxhaphakileyo lukusilela, ngokugqithisileyo. Kwaye bonke oorhulumente behlabathi - ewe, abanye bayenza kancinci kancinci kunabanye - kodwa okwangoku, bonke oorhulumente behlabathi basilele ngokugwenxa ekuphenduleni le ngxaki ngokufanelekileyo. Kwaye ke kwakhona, yonke loo nto ibuyisela uxanduva kuye ngamnye wethu ngoku. Siya kusabela njani njengabantu ngabanye?
Ndikhulele eFlorida, eSarasota. Sisixeko esiselunxwemeni kwiGulf of Mexico. Kwaye ngokusisiseko bendinokuqonda ubomi bam bonke ukuba ngenye imini, mhlawumbi kubomi bam bonke, idolophu yakowethu iya kuba ngaphantsi kwamanzi ngokupheleleyo. Ke akukho ngqiqweni: into yokuba, enye, sinoDonald Trump kunye nolawulo olukhanyelayo lokutshintsha kwemozulu, kodwa ezimbini, kwinqanaba likarhulumente, sinobunkokeli obukhanyelayo bemozulu ephezulu kwilizwe eliya kuba ngokupheleleyo, ichatshazelwa ngokupheleleyo lutshintsho lwemozulu ngakumbi mhlawumbi kunalo naliphi na elinye ilizwe. Kodwa ungandixelela nje ngento oyifundileyo eMiami nase-Everglades?
Eso sahluko sisebenza ekunyukeni komgangatho wolwandle eFlorida yayi-ukuyibeka ngokucacileyo nangokucacileyo njengoko ndinako: Yayiyingqondo.
Kwakuyinto engakholelekiyo ukuba kule ndawo ingu-zero emhlabeni wokuphakama komphakamo wolwandle. Yenzeka ngamandla kwaye ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi njengoko injalo naphi na emhlabeni, kwaye ukwanazo ezinye zeengcali zokunyuka komgangatho wolwandle kwiplanethi. Baphumile kwiDyunivesithi yaseMiami-uBen Kirtman kunye noHarold Wanless, bobabini endibenze udliwanondlebe nabo ngale ncwadi. Kwaye ndiseMiami Beach ndijikeleza kunye nenjineli yesixeko ngelo xesha uBruce Mowry, osebenza ngokukhutheleyo ukuphakamisa izitrato ezininzi ngeenyawo ezintathu, esazi ukuba akwanelanga, kodwa, “Kulungile, oku kuza kusithengela ixesha elaneleyo. Siza kugcina iMiami Beach. Singazama ukuyinciphisa le nto. ” Ngokufanelekileyo ukungahoyi izinto ezinje kakuhle, sisixeko sonke sisekwe kwinto eyayiyi-mangrove swamp. Kukho eli litye likalikalika elinobukroti phantsi kwalo - qikelela ukuba yintoni -amanzi aphuma ngayo.
Sele kukho iindawo ezinkulu eMiami Beach nakwezinye iindawo zaseMiami ezikhukhula phakathi kwemini enelanga, phakathi kwembalela, kwaye abantu babeka nje iibhutsi zabo zerabha kwaye bahamba ngayo. Kukho iintlanzi eziqubhayo ngamanye amaxesha ngokoqobo ukuwela iindlela. Kwaye ke uhlala kumhlaba ongu-zero wokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle ngobunkokeli obuxhaswa ngezimali ngamafutha efosili. Emva koko ngaxeshanye naloo nto, unezazinzulu ezifana noGqr. Wanless owathi kum, “Jonga, ndiyazi ngenyaniso ukuba uMarco Rubio uyayazi le nto ndikuxelela yona malunga nokuba kungakanani ukunyuka komphakamo wolwandle esele kubhakiwe kuyo.” Ayiphumi kwindawo enokwenzeka ukuba sikwazi ukubona iinyawo ezili-10 ngo-2050. Sabona ngaphezulu kunoko ngo-2100. Ndiyathetha, uMzantsi Florida umkile. Zonke ezo zigidi zabantu, kunye nazo zonke ezo ziseko zophuhliso, kunye nazo zonke ezo ndawo zinetyhefu ekufuneka zicocwe, kunye nesikhululo senyukliya saseTurkey Point kumazantsi eMiami kumphakamo weenyawo ezintandathu - konke oko kufuneka kucinywe kwaye kuhanjiswe umgangatho ophezulu. Zonke iindawo zokugcina, izibhedlele, iikholeji, yonke into, akunjalo? Kwaye kufuneka iqale izolo. Kwaye endaweni yoko, unokuphika. Akukho nto yenzekayo.
Ndifuna ukuthetha malunga nomzuzu omnye kwincwadi eyanditshisa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye andizange ndive olu lwazi kwenye indawo. Ubuthetha, njengoko ukhankanyile, uGqr. Harold Wanless eMiami, kwaye ubhala malunga nencoko: "Kwixesha elidlulileyo, i-CO2 ye-atmospheric yahluka ukusuka malunga ne-180 ukuya kwi-280 inxalenye kwisigidi ngasinye njengoko uMhlaba wawusuka kwi-glacial ukuya kwixesha eliphakathi komkhenkce. Oku kuguquguquka kwe-100 ppm kwanxulunyaniswa notshintsho olumalunga neemitha ezili-100 kumphakamo wolwandle. Kwaye ke loo nto ithetha ukuba sihambile ukusuka ku-280 ppm ukuya kwinqanaba lethu langoku, ngoku, ye-410 ppm yekhabhoni esemoyeni. Ngoko ke ithetha ukuthini loo nto?
Oko kuthetha ukuba, ubuncinane ngokwethiyori, iinyawo ezili-130 zokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle sele zibhakiwe kwinkqubo. Iinyawo ze-130 zithetha ukuhamba kakuhle, eFlorida. Ewe, ngokusisiseko wonke uMzantsi Florida. Oko kuthetha ukuthi ndlela-ntle kuso sonke isixeko esikhulu esiselunxwemeni emhlabeni. Kwaye ke baya phi abo bantu? Kwenzeka ntoni kolo qoqosho? Sibafudusa njani bonke abo bantu? Ndiyathetha, oku kuthetha iplanethi eyahluke ngokupheleleyo ngokwayo, kwaye nantso into ekhoyo.
Kwaye kufuneka sikhumbule kwakhona ukuba ngokubambisana naloo nto, kukho ingxelo ye-NASA endixoxa ngayo kwincwadi exoxa ngendlela ebuyela ngayo kwi-Pliocene, malunga ne-3 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo xa kwakukho isixa esifanayo se-CO2 emoyeni njengoko kukho. ngoku ngenxa yethu: Amanqanaba olwandle ayengaphantsi kweemitha ezingama-20 ukuphakama kunokuba kunjalo namhlanje. Umlinganiselo wobushushu behlabathi wawungu-3 ukuya ku-4°C ngaphezu kokuba unjalo ngoku, kwaye kwakukho iindawo zehlabathi apho wawuku-10°C phezulu.
Sibona utshintsho lwe-geologic lusenzeka kwixesha lomntu. Sijonge utshintsho olukhawulezayo kunoko kwenzekayo ngexesha lokuphela kobunzima bePermian, nethe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku yayisesona siganeko sibulalayo sokuphela kwembali yeplanethi. Kwiminyaka engama-252 yezigidi eyadlulayo, iipesenti ezingama-90 zabo bonke ubomi eMhlabeni batshabalala, kwaye siye satofa iCO2 emoyeni ngesantya esikhawulezayo kakhulu kunento ebangele eso siganeko sokuphela kobunzima.
Makhe sithethe ngemililo yasendle. Ubhale wathi, "Ukuphazamiseka kwemozulu sele kubangele ukuba phantse isiqingatha sendawo yamahlathi itshise kwintshona yeUnited States kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo." Iyothusa kakhulu loo nto.
Yi. Ndihlala kuMntla-ntshona wePasifiki. Utsho ukuba, uninzi lwabantu lufanekisela amahlathi emvula, imvula eninzi, iSeattle emanzi, ingwevu, yonke le nto. Kwaye okwangoku, njengoko sithetha ngoku ngoMhla woMhlaba, sinemililo engama-50 eWashington State, apho ndihlala khona. Leyo iqhelekile inani esinalo ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti ukuya ku-Okthobha, elona xesha lomlilo wasendle. Kukho iidolophu eziye zingaphileki ngokoqobo. Ukuba unemiba yokuphefumla, awukwazi ukuhlala kwidolophu egcwele ngokupheleleyo umsi womlilo iiveki ekugqibeleni.
Iyamangalisa ngokwenene xa ujonga into yokuba xa sithe sabetha i-3 degrees Celsius ukufudumala (siku-1.1 degrees celsius ngoku), izazinzulu ezininzi zisixelela ukuba ukuba siye sayeka yonke into ekhutshwa yifosili ngedime, sinobuncinci obuyi-3. Ukufudumala kweCelsius sele kubhakiwe kwisixokelelwano. Oko kuthetha ukuthuthwa ngesixa semililo yasendle kwiNtshona yaseMelika. Ukuba ujonga okwenzekileyo eCalifornia, njengomzekelo, kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, phinda-phinda oko ngesithandathu.
Ke silapha emdeni wezi mpembelelo. Kodwa inye into endifuna ukubakhumbuza ngayo abantu: Kulula ukucinga e-United States, “Owu, ke, ininzi lento yenzeka kakhulu kwamanye amazwe.” Ewe, ukuba uhlala eParadesi, eCalifornia, akusekho xesha lizayo malunga nengxaki yemozulu kuwe. Ukuba uphulukene nayo yonke into kwaye uyazi umntu oswelekileyo kwaye ukuba wenze ukuba uphile, ngokulambisa: Uphila nje nge-apocalypse.
Thetha malunga nokuhambelana kweemvakalelo zokusebenza zombini njengombhali wemfazwe kunye nokugubungela utshintsho lwemozulu. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba uyichaze njengoluhlobo lwentlungu.
Kukho usizi olunzulu oluzayo, kwaye indlela endibhale ngayo ngayo kule ncwadi kukuba ndabelana ngebali malunga nomhlobo wam othandekayo: uDuane French, indoda ene-quadriplegic endandifudula ndiyisebenzela, njengeyakhe. umncedisi wobuqu, phezulu e-Alaska xa ndandiqala ukufudukela apho phakathi-'90s. Kwaye kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, wahlaselwa yinyumoniya, ndaze ndacinga ngokuqinisekileyo, “Ufile.” Wahlala eICU iiveki zilandelelana, kwaye kwakungekho nelinye iyeza elisebenzayo, kwaye ndandikholelwa ngokwenene ukuba ndikwimeko yokugula kunye naye. Kwaye ke eyona nto yayibalulekile kum yayikukubakhona ngenene kangangoko ndinako kwaye ndixabise umzuzu ngamnye endandinawo ngelixa wayeselapha.
Ke ndenze ntoni? Ivela phi inkuthazo yam ukuba ngokwenene izinto zibonakala ngathi zilahlekile? Kulapho ndaba nencoko enkulu nendoda yeyeza laseCherokee egama linguStan Rushworth, eneneni. Undikhumbuze ngomahluko phakathi kweengcinga zabahlali bamathanga, “Sinamalungelo,” ngokuchasene nentanda-bulumko yemveli ethi, “Sonke sizalelwe emhlabeni sineembopheleleko.” Ezi zimbini zinkulu awabelana ngazo nam zezi: uxanduva lokukhathalela, nokuba ligosa leplanethi; kunye nesinyanzelo sokukhonza izizukulwana ezizayo kwaye ndenze izigqibo zam ngokusekelwe koko kuya kuthatha ukhathalelo olungcono kubo. Kwaye ke nokuba izinto zikhangeleka zimbi kangakanani namhlanje, ukuba ndiyaphakama ndize ndizibuze, “Kulungile, ndingenza njani ukuze ndibe yeyona nkonzo ilungileyo namhlanje emhlabeni nasebantwaneni?” Emva koko ndinomsebenzi omninzi kum, kwaye akukho kunqongophala kwezinto endizenzayo. Kwaye ndibophelelekile ngokokuziphatha ukuba ndenze konke okusemandleni am ukuzama ukunceda ngandlela ithile, nokuba kuya kubonakala njani.
Ke kumanqaku amaninzi kwezi ncoko malunga nemozulu, incoko ijika ibe nethemba ngekamva ekugqibeleni, kodwa andifuni ukuthetha ngethemba, uyazi, ngentsingiselo yezisombululo zentsingiselo. Ndifuna ukwazi ukuba ubujongana njani nobunzima besi sixhobo kunye nokuba ufikelele njani ekuchazeni ithemba.
Kunjalo, bekufuneka ndilwe ngenene ithemba ngokuchasene neparadigm yokungabi nathemba. Ukuyishwankathela, ngaphambili, ndicaphula uVaclav Havel owathi, "Ithemba asikokweyiseka ukuba into iya kuhamba kakuhle kodwa kukuqiniseka ukuba into ethile ifanelekile ukuba yenziwe nokuba ithini na." Ngethemba kumxholo wentlekele yemozulu kwezi ntshukumo: Omnye umntu, okanye iqela elithile, okanye intshukumo ethile iza kwenza into - nokuba ndiyinxalenye yaloo nto - kwaye ke into ezayo iya kwenzeka. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba iyasikhupha kuthi, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo isikhupha kulo mzuzu wangoku. Kwaye ngoku, kwesi sibini, kum, kulapho yonke i-arhente yam ikhoyo. Ke naziphi na izenzo endizenzayo ngoku, yeyona nto ibalulekileyo, kwaye kufuneka ndithathe uxanduva olupheleleyo lwaloo nto. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba yile nto ndifikelela kuyo: ukwamkela ukuba sinobuncinci be-3 ° C ebhakiweyo kwisistim. Yintlekele ngokwenene leyo. Akukho mntu uya kuyiphikisa indlela eyintlekele ngayo loo nto.
Yaye ewe, kufuneka okungakumbi. Kwaye ewe, kubonakala ngathi zonke zilahlekile kodwa kufuneka ndiqhubeke ndibuyela kuloo nto. Yintoni endenza ndiphume ebhedini kusasa, kwaye zithini iimbopheleleko zam? Kwaye xa ndisuka kuloo ndawo, emva koko ndiziva ndiyithanda kakhulu le nto kunanini na ngaphambili kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo nangaphambi kokuba ndiyibhale incwadi.
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