UJanine Jackson: Umkhenkce weAntarctic uyanyibilika ngesantya esimangalisayo, oososayensi bayafumanisa. I-Antarctica ngokuqinisekileyo lilizwekazi lomkhenkce, eliphindwe kabini ubukhulu beOstreliya. Ukuhlehla komkhenkce ophambi kolwandle kuphakamisa inkxalabo enkulu malunga nokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle okusisiphumo soko. Olona qikelelo luqatha lwempembelelo enokubakho luphantse luqondwe: iibhiliyoni zabantu baye bafuduswa? izixeko eziselunxwemeni zanyamalala?
Se kunjalo Washington Post yayisele yodwa phakathi kweendawo ezinkulu zokuthengisa ingxelo iziphumo zamva nje. Imithombo yeendaba, ubukhulu becala, iyekile ukonwabisa ukukhanyela ukuphazamiseka kwemozulu okuqhutywa ngumntu, kodwa leyo yindlela ende, ende ukusuka kuqwalaselo olunobuzaza noluzinzileyo oluya kufaneleka kwizinto ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo, kwaye yahluke ngokweemeko kunokukhetha icala. kumbuzo wokubaluleka komsebenzi weendwendwe zethu: iplanethi okanye inzuzo?
I-Dahr Jamail yintatheli yabasebenzi Thunti. Ungumbhali, kutsha nje, Intando Yokumelana: Amajoni anqwenela ukulwa e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan. Incwadi yakhe entsha, Ukuphela komkhenkce: Ukunikela Ubungqina kunye nokuFumana iNjongo kwiNdlela yokuphazamiseka kweMozulu., iza ukusuka New Press, kwaye usanda kufumana i 2018 Izzy Award ukusuka kwiZiko lePaki leMedia eZimeleyo kwiKholeji yase-Ithaca, ebizwa ngokuba yintatheli enomdla, ebalulekileyo IF Stone. Ujoyina nathi ngoku ngefowuni esuka ePort Townsend, eWashington state. Wamkelekile kwakhona IkhawuntariSpin, Dahr Jamail.
Dahr Jamail: Enkosi. Kuhle ukuba nawe.
JJ: Kukho ngaphezu kwesinye isiqwenga somsebenzi ofanelekileyo apha, kunjalo. Loluphi uphando ongathanda ukulubona, kwaye ungasixelela, ngokwemiqathango yabantu, ukuba olu phando lutsha lubonakala lubonisa ntoni?
U-DJ: Olona phononongo lubaluleke kakhulu kutsha nje malunga nokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle lwe-Antarctic kunye nolwandle lupapashwe Uphuhliso lwezesayensi ngomhla we-18 kule nyanga, kwaye isihloko sokufunda sithi "Ukuhlanjululwa yiGlacial Meltwater Yongeza ukuNyibilika kweeShelves zoMkhenkce kwaye kucuthe ukuDalwa kwamanzi asezantsi e-Antarctic. "
Ke oku kuthetha ukuthini ukuba nakwiMpuma ye-Antarctic, kukho imikhenkce enyibilikayo ehlaziya ulwandle olujikelezileyo. Ngoko ke amanzi acocekileyo omkhenkce ayanyibilika, aqukuqelele elwandle, aze ke loo nto ithintele inkqubo: la manzi olwandle abandayo, anetyuwa axinene kwaye anzima aze atshone ezantsi, apho enze into eyaziwa ngokuba awona manzi axineneyo emhlabeni, kuba ngawona abandayo kwaye anetyuwa kakhulu.
Kwaye ke into eyenzekayo kukuba amanzi asezantsi ayayeka ukubunjwa, ngenxa yokunyibilika kwezi zikhenkce eziselunxwemeni kwiindawo ezimbini ze-Antarctica: kunxweme oluseNtshona lwe-Antarctica, kunye neTotten Glacier, eseMpuma ye-Antarctica. Kwaye ke le yimimandla emibini enyibilikayo ngokukhawuleza yelizwekazi lomkhenkce.
Ke into ebangela oku, ngokutsho kolu phononongo, ngamanzi angaphezulu abandayo awasenzi indlela yawo ukuya kutsho enzulwini, ngoko ke ayenzi loo manzi anzulu anokuhamba kwiindawo apho ebeqhele ukwenza khona. Kwaye ke oku kuthetha ukuthini ukuba le mimandla mibini yomkhenkce yase-Antarctica ngoku ikwi-loop yengxelo apho inyibilika khona, ibangela le mpembelelo elwandle, kwaye loo nto ibangela ukunyibilika ngakumbi.
Kwaye ke oku kuyakhathaza ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Enye, ukuba ixesha elide, izazinzulu zazikholelwa ukuba i-Antarctica, njengelizwekazi lomkhenkce, ayinakuchaphazeleka kakhulu kukuphazamiseka kwemozulu okubangelwa ngumntu, okanye ubuncinci. Kodwa ngoku oku kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ubuncinci i-10 lepesenti yomkhenkce oselunxwemeni lwase-Antarctica ngoku ukurhoxa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngenxa yale ngxelo yempendulo, oko kurhoxa kuya kukhawuleza, kwaye ekugqibeleni le ngxelo iya kuqala ukwenzeka kwezinye iindawo zomkhenkce e-Antarctica njengoko. kakuhle.
Ke ngoko ngokunyuka komgangatho wolwandle, sele sisazi ukuba umkhenkce wolwandle lweArctic uyamangalisa ukunyibilika, eya kuqinisa kuphela izinga lokunyibilika kwi-Arctic. Ewe, iGreenland, siyazi, injalo ukunyibilika kwiireyithi zerekhodi ngokunjalo. Ke ngoku nge-Antarctica-gcina utshintsho olukhulu, olumangalisayo ekunciphiseni, kwi-fossil fuel ekukhutshweni kwe-CO2 kwiplanethi yonke, ngexesha elikhawulezayo kakhulu, ngoku, kwiitrajectories zangoku, sisendleleni, ubuncinci, ukubetha Uqikelelo olubi kakhulu lokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle, oluthe, ngokutsho Ulawulo lweLwandlekazi lweSizwe kunye noLawulo lweAtmospheric, yi-8.5 yeenyawo ngo-2100. Kodwa olu qikelelo olubi kakhulu, ngelishwa, luhlala luphuculwa rhoqo nangakumbi iingxelo, njengale sixoxa ngayo namhlanje, zikhutshwa.
JJ: Ngokubhekiselele kuqwalaselo koko ngokucacileyo luphuhliso oluphantse lubaluleke ngokumangalisayo, i ENew York Times yayinomfanekiso omkhulu onamacandelo amathathu Qhekeza ngoMeyi wokugqibela, kunye nemifanekiso emangalisayo ngokwenene Antarctica, kwaye uhlobo virtual into yokwenyani. Ngaxa lithile esi siqwenga sathi, ukuba ukuphakama kolwandle kukhawuleza njengoqikelelo lwemeko embi kakhulu, kunokukhokelela โkwintlekele engenakuthelekiswa nanto kwimbali yempucuko.โ
Kwaye ke, ukusukela ngoko, kwaye ngoMeyi ka-2017, ke, i Maxesha khange ibuye nyani ebalini. Amabali abo e-Antarctica akutsha nje amalunga penguins, uyazi. Andazi ukuba ingqwalasela ihambelana, kwaye kukho zonke iintlobo zezizathu zoko, kwaye ndiza kukubuza, kodwa ndifuna ukuphosa nje: Kukho isixa yokugubungela, kwaye ke ndifuna ukuthetha into encinci malunga ne ithoni yokugubungela, kuba ngaphakathi kwaloo nto ifanayo ENew York Times Qhekeza, kwiCandelo lokuQala layo (yayiyizahlulo ezithathu), yona phawula ukuba izazinzulu zase-US nezaseBhritane bezisebenzela ukufumana imilinganiselo engcono kwezona ndawo zineengxaki, kwaye yongeza ngelithi, โUmzamo unokubiza ngaphezulu kwe-25 yezigidi zeedola, kwaye usenokungavelisi iimpendulo ezicacileyo malunga nekamva lomkhenkce kude kube sekuqaleni koo-2020.โ Kwaye isivakalisi esilandelayo sithi, "Kwizazinzulu ezisebenza e-Antarctica, imeko iye yaba ngumdyarho ochasene nexesha."
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo inxenye yesizathu sokuba singabaleki ngokukhawuleza njengoko sinokuba sisixa sokugubungela, okanye ukunqongophala kwayo, kwaye ke le toni ethi, "Owu, iyabiza." Ndiyazibuza nje ukuba wenza ntoni ngokubanzi, ngalo mba ngokukodwa, we indlela abeendaba bayayigubungela.
U-DJ: Iyandothusa kakhulu, kwaye ndicinga ukuba ubethe ngenene isikhonkwane entloko xa ubuxoxa ngobunzulu bale ngxaki kunye nefuthe lale nto kuyo yonke impucuko yabantu emhlabeni, nokuthetha ngezinye. iintlobo. Kwaye umntu unokucinga ukuba oko kuya kufuna inqanaba lokugubungela eliya kuba kukwaphulwa kwendlela, kungxamisekile kwaye kuxhaswe ngokucaphula yonke idatha yesayensi ekhutshwa ngesantya esikhawulezayo ngoku, nokuba kukunyuka kolwandle, ukonyuka kobushushu. Uqikelelo, kwenzeka ntoni kwi-methane kwi-arctic, njl., njl.
Ngokomzekelo, ndiyakongeza enye isicatshulwa sikaDkt Eric Rignot, i-glaciologist kunye ne-UC Irvine kunye ne-NASA yeJet Propulsion Lab, emva kwi-2014, ngubani. wathi, โNamhlanje sinika ubungqina bophononongoโโasithethi ngoqikeleloโโubungqina bokuba icandelo elikhulu le-Ice Sheet ekwiNtshona ye-Antarctic liye larhoxa ngendlela engenakujikwaโฆ. Idlule kwinqanaba lokungabuyi.โ Oko kwenzeka kwiminyaka emine eyadlulayo.
Ngoko ukungxamiseka kucacile. Uqikelelo lokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle lwandiswa kakhulu. Sithetha, ekuhambeni kwexesha, iibhiliyoni zabantu ziba ukufuduswa kukunyuka komphakamo wolwandle. Iimegacities ezipheleleyo elunxwemeni, njenge Inew york kwaye tokyo, eziya kufuneka zifuduswe ngokupheleleyo, okanye zishiywe ngokupheleleyo elwandle.
Ke ngoko ingumxholo, ingxelo ethi, "Owu, kulungile, noko asibaniki abantu abakhanyelayo ...." Kufuneka sinikeze ingxelo ngokuthe ngqo malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni, ukuba luthini uqikelelo, kwaye kuthetha ukuthini oku, kuba ukwenza ngathi, โOwu, akulunganga kangako,โ okanye โSiseza kukwazi ukuyinciphisa ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba apho. akusayi kufuneka sifuduse inxalenye enkulu yesiXeko saseNew York,โ ngokomzekelo, asikokugubungela nje ngokunyanisekileyo.
JJ: Yaye ingcamango eyayinokuxabisa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-25 zeerandiโlo msebenzi ukhethekileyo: iidola ezingama-25 ezigidi yimali encinane! Babenokutsho ngokulula ukuba yayiya kuxabisa โimali encinane efikelela kwizigidi ezingama-25 zeerandi.โ Umbono wokuba kufuneka sicinge ngokwezigidi zeedola kunye nokuba yintoni enokuthi ibize, endaweni yokuyibeka kumxholo wento esiya kuphulukana nayoโฆ
U-DJ: Okanye uyibeke kumxholo we-25 yezigidi zeedola kwizifundo ezingaphezulu, xa kuthelekiswa ne Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwePentagon, ephakathi kwama-700 nama-800 eedola zigidi esiyaziyo, singathethi nokuthetha ngayo uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olumnyama, nto leyo ibeka ngaphezulu kwetriliyoni yeedola ngonyaka. Kwaye ke ukuba sifuna i-25 yezigidi zeedola okanye i-50 yezigidi zeedola okanye, uyazi, izulu lingavumi, ibhiliyoni yeedola kwezinye izifundo zesayensi, singathethi nokuthetha ngokunciphisa kunye nokuqala ukufuduswa kwabantu okucwangcisiweyo kunye nokudluliselwa kweziseko, ukuba loo ncoko ayenzeki. iyandothusa nje ingqondo.
Ngenxa yokuba inyaniso kukuba, umzekelo, umkhosi wase-US, kwizinto zabo INgxelo yoPhononongo loKhuseleko lwe-Quadrennial, sele zibukhali Uyazi koku. Bona azi ukuba ubuncinci isiqingatha seziseko zabo zomkhosi wamanzi, iziseko zabo ezinkulu zomkhosi waselwandle e-US elunxwemeni, kufuneka zifuduswe. Bajonge amanzi esiza edokisini kwaye aqalise ukuhambisa iziseko zophuhliso. Ke bayayazi kakuhle le nto, kwaye okwangoku i-inshorensi, njengoko ucaphule nje, kwi ENew York Times ayisondeli nokusondela ekuhambisaneni naloo nto.
JJ: Besithetha noDahr Jamail. Ungalandela eyakhe Ukuhanjiswa kokuphazamiseka kweMozulu at Truthout.orgkunye nencwadi yakhe, Ukuphela komkhenkce: Ukunikela Ubungqina kunye nokuFumana iNjongo kwiNdlela yokuphazamiseka kweMozulu., iza kuphuma kungekudala kwi New Press. Dahr Jamail, enkosi kakhulu ngokuzimanya nathi kule veki IkhawuntariSpin.
U-DJ: Ndiyayonwabela. Kuhle ukuba nawe.
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