WikiLeaks Umvakalisi uJulian Assange usondele kakhulu kunangaphambili ukuba athunyelwe eUnited States ukuze axoxwe ngamacala ali-17 phantsi koMthetho wobuNhloli kunye nenani elinye leyelenqe lokungena kwikhompyuter. phezu WikiLeaks's 2010-2011 isityhilelo of ubungqina bolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe yase-US e-Iraq, e-Afghanistan naseGuantánamo Bay. Ujongene neminyaka eli-175 entolongweni.
“Olu luphawu kuni nonke ukuba xa niveza umdla oqhuba imfazwe bayakuza emva kwenu, baya kunivalela entolongweni kwaye baza kuzama ukukubulala,” utshilo uStella Assange, inkosikazi kaJulian, ekutshutshisweni kwakhe. .
Ngo-Matshi 26, i phezulu INkundla yaseNgilani naseWales khanyela Assange ithuba lokwenza uninzi lweengxoxo zakhe zesibheno. Kodwa iphaneli yeejaji ezimbini zikaJustice Jeremy Johnson kunye noDame Victoria Sharp bashiye bevule ithuba lokuba uAssange angabhena ngezizathu ezithathu. Baye bafumanisa ukuba uAssange “unethemba lokwenyani lempumelelo” kule miba ilandelayo: Ukuba uthunyelwe e-US, uya kuvinjwa ilungelo lenkululeko yokuthetha, uya kucalulwa ngenxa yokuba ayingommi wase-US kwaye unokugwetyelwa ukufa.
Endaweni yokuvumela nje u-Assange ukuba axoxe ngale miba mithathu kwisibheno, nangona kunjalo, iphaneli yanika abaphathi beBiden ithuba. Ukuba i-US ibonelela inkundla “ngeziqinisekiso ezanelisayo” zokuba uAssange akazukuvinjwa nawaphi na kula malungelo, ukuthunyelwa kwakhe e-US kungaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuviwa kwezibheno.
UStella Assange wasibiza eso sigqibo “sothusayo,” wongezelela ngelithi, “inkundla yaqonda ukuba uJulian uye wachanabeka ekuvinjweni ngokuphandle kwelungelo lakhe lokuthetha, nokuba ucalucalulwa ngenxa yobuhlanga bakhe yaye usachanabeke ekufeni. isohlwayo.”
Kwinqanaba langaphambili kweli tyala, i-US yanika iNkundla ePhakamileyo yase-UK "iziqinisekiso" zokuba u-Assange uya kuphathwa ngobuntu ukuba uyakhutshelwa ngaphandle. Oko kwabangela ukuba inkundla ikurhoxise ukwala kukamantyi ukuba abuyiselwe elizweni (okwakusekwe kumathuba okuba azibulale ukuba uAssange uvalelwe eluvalelweni oluqatha lwase-US). INkundla ePhakamileyo yamkele ezo ziqinisekiso ngexabiso eliphantsi nangona i-US imbali yokuhlaziya kwiziqinisekiso ezifanayo.
Isigwebo sangoku, nangona kunjalo, sifuna ukuqinisekiswa kwe-US ukuba "yanelisayo" kwaye ukukhusela kuya kuba nethuba lokucela umngeni kwi-hearing.
"Mr. U-Assange akazukubuyiselwa kwangoko, ”iphaneli yabhala, ithetha ukuba ukuba basikhabile isibheno sakhe, abasemagunyeni base-UK baya kumkhwelisa kwinqwelomoya eya e-US kwangoko. Banike i-US iiveki ezintathu ukuba ize ngaphambili nesiqinisekiso esanelisayo.
Ukuba i-US iyasilela ukubonelela ngazo naziphi na iziqinisekiso, i-Assange iya kunikwa ukuva ngezizathu ezithathu. Ukuba i-US inika iziqinisekiso, ukuvalelwa kokugqiba ukuba ngaba ziyanelisa ziya kwenzeka nge-20 kaMeyi.
“Abalawuli beBiden akufuneki banike siqinisekiso. Kufuneka baliyeke eli tyala lihlazo ebekumele ukuba lingazange liziswe,” utshilo uStella Assange.
Ezi zizathu iNkundla ePhakamileyo iya kuphonononga ukuba i-US iyasilela ukunika "iziqinisekiso ezanelisayo":
1. Ukongezwa Kwezimvo Kuya Kunyhasha Inkululeko Yokuvakalisa Intetho eqinisekiswa liGatya le-10 leNgqungquthela YaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu.
U-Assange uya kuxoxa ngetyala ukuba izenzo zakhe zikhuselwe siHlomelo lokuQala kuMgaqo-siseko wase-US. “Umi ngelithi ukuba unikwe amalungelo oLungiso lokuQala, utshutshiso luza kuyekiswa. IsiHlomelo sokuQala ke ngoko sibaluleke kakhulu ekuzikhuseleni kwakhe,” ligqibe ngelitshoyo iqela.
IsiHlomelo Sokuqala sinikela “inkuselo eyomeleleyo” kwinkululeko yokuthetha, ngokufanayo naleyo ichazwe kwiSiqendu 10 seNgqungquthela YaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu, laphawula oko eli gqiza. Inqaku le-10 (1) lendibano ithi, “Wonke umntu unelungelo lenkululeko yokuthetha. Eli lungelo liya kuquka inkululeko yokubamba izimvo nokufumana nokudlulisela ulwazi neembono ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ligunya likarhulumente nokuba yeyiphi na imida.”
UGordon Kromberg, umncedisi wegqwetha lase-US kwiSithili esiseMpuma eVirginia, apho ityala lika-Assange liza kubanjelwa khona, uthe umtshutshisi unokuxoxa enkundleni ukuba "abemi bangaphandle abanalungelo lokhuseleko phantsi koLungiso lokuQala," itshilo iqela. Ngo-2017, uMlawuli weCIA ngoko uMike Pompeo wathi uAssange "akanankululeko yokuQala yoLungiso" kuba "akangommi wase-US."
Ukongeza, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yase-US yagweba kwityala lika-2020 lika- I-Arhente yoPhuhliso lwaMazwe ngaMazwe v. Alliance for Open Society International "Kudala kusonjululwe njengombandela womgaqo-siseko waseMelika wokuba abemi bamanye amazwe ngaphandle kommandla wase-United States abanamalungelo phantsi koMgaqo-siseko wase-US."
Iphaneli yabhala ukuba ukuba uAssange "akavunyelwanga ukuba athembele kuLungiso lokuQala, kuyaphikiswa ukuba ukukhutshwa kwakhe akuhambelani nenqaku le-10 leNgqungquthela."
Kodwa nokuba abatshutshisi beSebe lezoBulungisa eUnited States banikela “iziqinisekiso ezanelisayo” zokuba amalungelo ka-Assange oLungiso lokuQala ayakukhuselwa, ayisosiqinisekiso eso. Abatshutshisi bayinxalenye yesebe lesigqeba, elingenako ukubophelela isebe lenkundla ngenxa yemfundiso yomgaqo-siseko yokwahlulwa kwamagunya.
"Isigwebo sibonisa ukuba iNkundla ePhakamileyo ayiyiqondi inkqubo yolawulo lwaseMelika," uStephen Rohde, owayesebenzisa umthetho woLungiso lokuQala malunga neminyaka engama-50 kwaye wabhala ngokubanzi malunga netyala lika-Assange, uxelele. Thunti. “Iphambi kwayo kuphela isebe elilawulayo likarhulumente wase-US. Nokuba zeziphi ‘iziqinisekiso ezanelisayo’ iSebe lezoBulungisa elinokuthi lizinike iNkundla ePhakamileyo, azibopheleli kwisebe lezomthetho.”
Ngaphezu koko, uRohde wathi, “INkundla Ephakamileyo ibophelelekile ukuba ixhase amalungelo ka-Assange ‘enkululeko yokuthetha’ phantsi kweGatya le-10 leNgqungquthela YaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu, elikhusela uAssange kwanokuba iinkundla zaseUnited States ziyala ukwenjenjalo. Ekuphela kwendlela yokwenza oko kukwala ukuphindiselwa. ”
2. I-UK Extradition Act iyakwalela uCalucalulo oluSekwe kubuzwe
UJulian Assange ngummi waseOstreliya oza kuvavanywa e-US ukuba ulawulo lweBiden luyimpumelelo.
Icandelo 81(b) Umthetho we-UK Extradition Act uthi ukukhutshwa kuthintelwe umntu “onokuthi acalule ityala lakhe okanye ohlwaywe, avalelwe okanye abekelwe umda kwinkululeko yakhe ngenxa…
Ngenxa yokubaluleka koLungiso lokuQala lokuziphendulela kuka-Assange, iphaneli yaphawula, "Ukuba akavunyelwanga ukuba athembele kuLungiso lokuQala ngenxa yesimo sakhe njengelizwe langaphandle, uya kuba nomkhethe (onokuthi ucalulwe kakhulu) ngesizathu. ngobuzwe bakhe.”
3. I-Extradition ithintelwe kukunganeli koKhuseleko lweSigwebo sokufa oluFunwa nguMthetho we-Extradition.
ICandelo lama-94 le-UK Extradition Act lithi, “uNobhala weLizwe akufuneki ayalele ukuba umntu abuyiselwe elizweni lakhe … ukuba unako, uya kuba okanye ugwetywe intambo ngenxa yokwaphula umthetho” kwimeko yokwamkela kwakhe. Loo mda awusebenzi ukuba “isiqinisekiso” esibhaliweyo “esaneleyo” sithi “isigwebo sokufa- (a) asiyi kuwiswa, okanye (b) asiyi kuphunyezwa (ukuba siyanyanzeliswa).”
Akukho nanye kwezi zityholo u-Assange ajongene nazo ngoku ephethe isigwebo sentambo. Kodwa ukuba uthunyelwe e-US, unokumangalelwa ngokuncedisa kunye nokuvukela umbuso okanye ubuntlola, zombini zizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho.
UBen Watson KC, unobhala welizwe kwiSebe lezeKhaya, uvumile ukuba:
a.) Izibakala ezityholwa ngokuchasene no [Assange] zinokugcina isityholo sokunceda okanye ukubhenela ukreqo, okanye ubuntlola.
b.) Ukuba [u-Assange] ukhutshiwe, akukho nto inokuthintela isimangalo sokunceda okanye ukuvukela umbuso, okanye isityholo sobuntlola, ukuba songezwe kwisimangalo.
(c.) Isigwebo sentambo siyafumaneka xa ugwetyelwe ukuncedisa okanye ukuxhasa ubungcatshi, okanye ubuntlola.
d.) Akukho malungiselelo akhoyo okuthintela ukubekwa kwesigwebo sentambo.
e.) Ingqinisekiso ekhoyo ayithinteli ngokucacileyo ukubekwa kokufa.
Iphaneli yaphawula ukuba xa owayesakuba nguMongameli uDonald Trump wabuzwa malunga WikiLeaks epapasha la maxwebhu avuzayo, uthe, “Ndicinga ukuba ibilihlazo…. Ndicinga ukuba kufanele kubekho njengesigwebo sokufa okanye into ethile. " Ukuba uTrump uphinde wanyulwa, unokufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba iSebe lakhe lezoBulungisa longeza iintlawulo ezinkulu kwisityholo.
Ekuqukumbeleni ukuba u-Assange unokuwuphakamisa lo mbandela ngesibheno ngokuxhomekeke “kwiziqinisekiso ezanelisayo,” igqiza lacaphula “amandla anokubakho, kwiinyani, ukuba kubekwe iintlawulo ezinkulu; iikhwelo zokuwisa isigwebo sentambo ngoosopolitiki abaphambili nabanye abantu abadumileyo; isibakala sokuba iSivumelwano asikuthinteli ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwizityholo zesigwebo sentambo, nesibakala sokuba isiqinisekiso esikhoyo asisigubungeli ngokucacileyo isigwebo sentambo.”
Imiba yesibheno eyaliwe liPhaneli
Izizathu ezishiyekileyo zesibheno awayezicelile uAssange zakhatywa ligqiza. Ziquka ukutshutshiswa ngenxa yetyala lezopolitiko, ukutshutshiswa okusekelwe kwimbono yezopolitiko; ukunyhashwa kwelungelo lokuxoxwa kwetyala ngobulungisa; ukunyhashwa kwelungelo lobomi; kunye nokunyhashwa kwelungelo lokukhululeka ekungcungcuthekisweni nakwimpatho engenabuntu okanye ethoba isidima okanye isohlwayo. Ukongeza, kuba akukho mpapashi owakhe watshutshiswa phantsi koMthetho we-Espionage ngokupapasha iimfihlo zikarhulumente, u-Assange wayengenakwazi ukuba lulwaphulo-mthetho.
Iphaneli iphinde yagweba ngelithi uAssange akanakho ukuzisa ubungqina obutsha obuvezwe emva kwesigwebo sikamantyi. Oku kubandakanya a Yahoo News umbiko echaza isicwangciso seCIA sokuxhwila nokubulala uAssange xa wayehlala phantsi kwesibonelelo sendawo yozakuzo e-Ecuadorian eLondon.
Ukuba i-US inika "iziqinisekiso ezanelisayo" kwaye i-extradition iyalelwe, u-Assange unokubhenela kwiNkundla yaseYurophu yamaLungelo oLuntu kwaye aphakamise le miba eyongezelelweyo.
Ngeli xesha, kukho ithuba lokuba endaweni yokufaka "iziqinisekiso," abalawuli beBiden baya kukhetha ukunqanda imigibe yezopolitiko yokukhutshwa kuka-Assange e-US kwaye banikezele ngesivumelwano sokuphelisa eli tyala.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela