Muna 1981, post office yeIndia yakabudisa a stamp ichiratidza mireza yeIndia nePalestine yakagara ichibhururuka parutivi nedivi pamusoro pemutsara wokuti “Kubatana nevanhu vePalestine.” Izvo zvino zvinoita senhoroondo yekare. Nhasi, verudzi rwechiHindu vari kupeperetsa mireza yeIndia neIsrael padivi nepadivi seratidziro yekutsigira kwavo hondo ine njodzi yenyika iyoyo paGaza.
Mutambo wakaitwa kudenga (kana kuti tiri kureva hero?), nokuti nyika mbiri idzi dzine “matambudziko” akafanana avari kuedza “kugadzirisa”. Israel yagara ichiita zvechisimba kudzvinyirirwa kwevaPalestine vane nyika dzavanogara (kusanganisira kuparadzwa kwazvino kweGaza, kurwiswa kwakaitwa nenyanzvi dze34 UN kuti "genocide mukugadzira”). Zvichakadaro, hurumende yeIndia yerudzi rwechiHindu inoenderera mberi nekudzvinyirirwa kwakashata kwevashoma vayo vasiri maHindu: maMuslim, maKristu, maDalits, uye zvizvarwa zvemo.
Panenge panguva iyo vagari veZionist pavakanga vachitanga kugara kwavo muPalestine mukutanga kwema1920, muIndia ane bapiro rekurudyi, VD Savarkar, akaumba pfungwa ye. Hindutva (Hindu-ness). Nhasi, vatsigiri vezvematongerwo enyika vechiHindu vanoshandisa Hindutva uye chisimba chemuviri kuti chienderere mberi nechiono chayo cheIndia senyika MaHindu nemaHindu chete. Saizvozvo, Zionism inoona nhoroondo yePalestine senyika ye vaJudha nevaJudha chete. Miono inofambirana iyi, pamwe chete nehutongi hwehurumende mbiri huri kuramba huchiwedzera uye kushandisa chisimba kwakagadzirira, zvakavapinza mumubatanidzwa wakasviba mhedzisiro yacho isingatarisike.
India Inoita Shamwari Itsva
The Republic of India neHurumende yeIsrael zvakazvarwa mwedzi mipfumbamwe zvakaparadzana muna 1947 na1948, mumwe nemumwe ari mwana wekuparadzaniswa. Nyika yeIndia inotongwa neBritish yakapatsanurwa kuita maMuslim-vazhinji Pakistan neHindu-ruzhinji India, ukuwo Israel yakavezwa kubva muchikamu cheBritish Mandate Palestine.
Munguva yese yeCold War, India yaizove mutungamiri weiyo yakazozivikanwa sesangano risina kurerekera pasi - raimbove nyika dzakadzvanywa dzaida kusimudzira dzakazvimirira kubva kuAmerican neSoviet. Mumakore ekuma1980, yakavewo nyika yekutanga isiri yemaArabu kuziva nyika yePalestine. Kucherechedzwa kwakafanana kweIsrael hakuna kuuya kusvika 1992, panguva iyo India yaive ichisimuka kubva pachimiro chayo chisina kurerekera chegutsaruzhinji chakanangana nekuomerera kwazvino kune neoliberalism.
Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, India neIsrael dzakagadzira hukama hwakasimba hwekutengeserana, kunyanya munharaunda yemauto. Muchokwadi, nekupihwa hukuru hwemauto emiganhu yayo neChina nePakistan uye nekudzvanyirira kwayo Kashmir yakagarwa nevanhu vayo, India yave nyika. top importer nezvombo nemidziyo yokurinda kubva kuIsraeri. Muna 2014, Hindu-supremacist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) yakakunda masimba uye mutungamiri wayo, Narendra Modi, akava mutungamiriri. Mukuita kudaro, India neIsrael zvakaramba zvichiswedera pedyo.
Pakazosvika 2016, se Washington Post Zvinonzi, "mushure mekunge mauto eIndia arwisa mukati meKashmir inodzorwa nePakistan vachipindura kurwiswa kwakaitwa varwi pane imwe nzvimbo yemauto eIndia, Modi akaridza hwamanda achiti: 'Kare, taimbonzwa kuti Israel yakaita chinhu chakadai. Asi nyika yaona kuti mauto eIndia haasi mashoma pane chero ani zvake.’”
Nhasi, kambani yeIsrael yezvombo-marobhoti Elbit Systems yakatogadzira fekitori yekudhirowa muIndia uye parizvino ine chibvumirano chemamiriyoni mazana matatu emadhora kupa drones kumauto eIndia ari kugara muKashmir. Zvichakadaro, Modi neMutungamiriri weIsrael Benjamin Netanyahu vakagadzira nzanga inoyemura, inodaidzwa nevezvenhau munyika mbiri idzi "Modi-Bibi bromance." Uye New Delhi yakasiya zvese kunze kwekusiya maPalestine.
Economic Alliances
Apo, pana Gumiguru 27, UN General Assembly yakapfuura Chisarudzo vachidaidzira "kukurumidza, kusimba, uye kwakasimba runyararo rwevanhu runotungamira mukumisa hutsinye" muGaza, US chete, Israel, uye nyika shoma shoma dzakavhotera "kwete." India akarega. (Sezviri pachena, iyo Modi-Bibi bromance yakanga isina kukwana kuti itsigire vhoti "kwete".) Modi, zvakadaro, akabva apindura kune chiyero ichi. kuzivisa “kubatana” kwake naIsraeri.
Zvehupfumi, zvematongerwo enyika, uye hukama pakati peNew Delhi, Tel Aviv, neWashington (zvese masimba enyukireya, nenzira) yakanga ichisimbisa kunyange kusati kwaitika kurwisana kwazvino. Gore rakapera, somuenzaniso, India, Israel, United Arab Emirates, uye United States dzakaumba “I2U2 Group” kukwezva mari yekambani kuti vabatsirike. Zvirongwa zviri kuitika zvino zvinosanganisira "mapaki ezvekudya muIndia yose" ne "climate-smart tekinoroji" uye "yakasarudzika nzvimbo-yakavakirwa chishandiso kune vanogadzira marongero, masangano, uye mabhizinesi" (chero mu - kana kunze - munyika "mapaki ezvekudya" uye "nzvimbo. -zvishandiso zvakavakirwa" zvinogona kuva).
Zvino, munaGunyana, musangano weG-20 weboka renyika huru makumi maviri, musangano muNew Delhi, wakabvumira India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor iyo, maererano ne Voice of America, "yaizogadzira njanji neyekutakura network inobatanidza UAE, Saudi Arabia, neJorodhani kuchiteshi cheIsrael cheHaifa paGungwa reMedithera." Uye fungidzira ndiani zvino inoshanda chiteshi ichocho? Kambani inotungamirwa naGautam Adani, mupfumi wekuIndia uye (zvagara!) shamwari yeModi. Foreign Policy manotsi, "Zvinofadzawo kuti Middle East ive neIndia semusika mukuru wemagetsi kusiyanisa kunze kwenyika uye kugadzirisa pesvedzero yeChina pazvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita seoiri negesi."
Asi hazvishamise kuti hondo yeGaza yakakanda hurongwa hweiyo nzira nyowani yehupfumi yakatarisana neIndia kuburikidza neMiddle East kupinda. limbo.
High-, Medium-, uye Low-Tech Warfare
Mauto, kukakavara muPalestine yakagarwa uye yakagarwa Kashmir ese ari maviri akasiyana kusawirirana. Mune imwe neimwe, nyika ine simba iri kurwisa vanhu vanoshaya zviwanikwa, kunyangwe huwandu hwekuuraiwa, kutamiswa, kushungurudzwa, uye kufa kunoitwa nehurumende yeIndia hakusviki nezviri kuitwa neIsrael muGaza Strip - zvirinani. kwete izvozvi. Kunyange zvazvo nyaya dzacho dzine zvakafanana, ukuru haisi imwe yadzo.
MuGaza, mune mauto eIsrael Defence Forces (IDF), muchina mukuru wekuuraya wepamusoro-soro unopihwa mari muchikamu chikuru nenyika yakapfuma pasirese, yakatarisana nemapoka anopikisa ePalestine, kusanganisira Qassam Brigade, ine. zvombo zvinonyanya kushanda ndeaya akagadzirwa kumba Yassin antitank grenades uye dziviriro yavo inonyanya kuve netiweki yematanho akasimba. Panzvimbo pekuita kurwisana kutarisana nechiso nechiso nevarwi veQassam - chimwe chinhu chingave chakashata kuIDF - maIsrael anga achirova mabhomba munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda. Kubva pakupera kwaNovember, mhedzisiro yaive inenge 15,000 civilians vakaurayiwa (kusanganisira vanopfuura 6,000 vana) uye kutamiswa kwevanhu vane mamiriyoni e1.6, kana zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvehuwandu hweGaza.
MuIndia, kurwisa kwevaHindu verudzi rwevasiri veHindu vashoma hakuna kuitwa nemauto eIndia pachayo, asi nesangano remauto, Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), mukubatana neBJP. Uto risiri pamutemo, rakavambwa makore angangosvika zana apfuura uye rakafananidzwa nemuFascist Benito Mussolini's "blackshirts" uye Adolph Hitler's stormtroopers yeNazi, ane nhengo yemamiriyoni mashanu kusvika matanhatu uye anoita misangano yezuva nezuva munzvimbo dzinopfuura 36,000 dzakasiyana muIndia. Mauto ayo anokatyamadza haawanzo takura pfuti; zvombo zvavo ndezvakaderera-tech, utsinye, uye hutsinye hunoshamisa, uye vavariro dzavo hadzina pfuti, vanhuwo zvavo vasingafungiri. Ivo kuuraya kana kuremadza kushandisa tsvimbo, mapanga, kudzipa, sulfuric acid kumeso, uye kubata chibharo, pakati pezvimwe zvinotyisa.
Kurwiswa kwakadai kwemapoka echiHindu-nyika, kwakasiyana nekurwiswa kwemauto kuGaza, kune zvakafanana muWest Bank inogarwa. Ikoko, vagari veIsrael, vamwe vakatakura zvombo zvidiki zvinopihwa nehurumende, maraud nomumativi enzvimbo iyoyo (kwavanogara zvisiri pamutemo), kurova, kutambudza, uye kuuraya vaPalestine, kubatanidza mhuri dzedzinza dzavaBedouin. Vakadzinga vanhu mudzimba dzavo, vakavabira mari nezvinhu zvavo kusanganisira zvipfuwo, uye vakaparadza dzimba nezvikoro. Iye zvino mwaka wekukohwa maorivhi uye vagari vechiJudha vane akarwisa VaPalestine vari muminda yavo yemiorivhi, dzimwe nguva vachivamanikidza kubva munyika yemadzitateguru avo, zvichida zvachose. Kupfuurisa 200 VaPalestine vakaurayiwa nenzira iyi kubva muna Gumiguru.
Mutauro Wakafanana
Imwe yehutsinye hwakaipisisa hwakaitirwa maMuslim kubva pakapatsanurwa India muna 2002 mudunhu rekumadokero kweGujarat. (Hazvina kudaro, gurukota guru renyika iyoyo panguva iyoyo akanga ari Narendra Modi.) Zvichitevera kupiswa kwaifungidzirwa kwekamuri rechitima umo “vazvipiri” vechiHindu 58 vaifamba, mhomho dzechiHindu dzakaparira ugandanga hwaitsigirwa nehurumende panzanga yechiMuslim muGujarat yose. VaMuslim vanopfuura zviuru zviviri vakaurayiwa. Achitaura mushure mekutyisa uku, mutungamiriri wenguva iyoyo AB Vajpayee akapa mvumo yekuzvidemba nekuda kwekuuraya uku, ndokungobvunza zvine musoro, "Lekin aag lagayi kisne?"("Asi ndiani akabatidza moto?”) Zvazvaireva ndezvekuti sezvo vamwe vomunharaunda yavo vaipomerwa mhosva yokupara mhosva yokutanga, vaMuslim vose veGujarat ndivo vaiva nemhosva uye kuti, zvisinei, zvinosuruvarisa, vakapembedza kuuraya kwavo.
Kupomerwa kwakafanana kwemhosva pamwe chete uye zvikonzero zvekurangwa pamwe chete zvine nhoroondo refu muIsrael, sepakukonana kwazvino. Muna Gumiguru, Mutungamiriri weIsrael Isaac Herzog akati "kune nyika yese kunze uko ine mhosva." Mashoko aya akawana Herzog nzvimbo vhidhiyo yakanyanya-hits yevatungamiriri veIsrael vachiedza kudzivirira hutsinye hwakaitirwa vagari veGaza vane mamiriyoni 2.3. Saizvozvo, aimbova mumiriri weIsrael kuUN akaudza Sky News, "Ndiri kushamiswa nekunetseka kunogara kuchiitwa nenyika…
Mimwe yemitauro yakaipoteredza inogona kufanana. Mhosva dzekuti, mukurwisa kwavo Israel musi wa7 Gumiguru, varwi veHamas vakagura vana misoro nekubvarura vana vanenge vachangobva mudumbu revakadzi — hapana avo vanga vari zvakanyorwa — anotsinhira zvinoshamisa mhirizhonga yepabonde yakaitwa nemhomho dzechiHindu muGujarat muna 2002 (kubatwa chibharo, kuchekwa, kuuraya vakadzi nevacheche vavo, nezvimwe zvinotyisa). Chirevo yevapambi vachishandisa bakatwa kucheka mbereko kubva kumukadzi wechiMuslim uye kupisa miviri yevose vari vaviri fetus naamai zvakaudzwa uye kutaurirwa kakawanda mumakore makumi maviri apfuura.
Uye mukati memaawa mashoma ekurwiswa kwaGumiguru 7th muIsrael, BJP vezvematongerwo enyika uye vatsigiri vourudzi vechiHindu muIndia vakanga vachipararira propaganda pasocial media, kusanganisira kupomerwa kuti maPalestine aive "zvakaipa kupfuura mhuka” uye vaicheka fetus kubva mudumbu, kugura musoro vana, uye kutora vasikana se“varanda vebonde.” Izvi zvakatanga muIndia vatauri veIDF vasati vatanga kuparadzira zvirevo zvakafanana.
Njodzi Isiri Yomusikirwo
Richienzanisa nokucheneswa kwedzinza kwa1948, gurukota rezvekurima reIsrael, nhengo yedare remakurukota, munguva pfupi yapfuura. akatsanangura chinangwa chehurumende yake kumutori wenhau webepanhau reIsrael Ha'aretz neiyi nzira: “Tava kuparadzira Gaza Nakba.” (Nakba yaireva kudzingwa nechisimba kweIsrael kwe800,000 maPalestine kubva munzvimbo dzakakura dzenharaunda yavo muna 1948.) Mutori wenhau asina kutenda paakakanda gurukota nharembozha, achibvunza kuti airevesa here zvaakanga ataura, akapeta kaviri: “Gaza Nakba 2023. Ndizvo zvichapera.”
Kubva ikozvino, zvinotaridzika saizvozvo. IDF yakabhomba mabhuroko emafurati, pekugara, zvikoro, uye zvipatara kuchamhembe kweGaza kumanikidza kutama kwevanhu ikoko vakananga kunonzi "kwakachengeteka" kumaodzanyemba kweGaza. Vakabva vatanga kubhomba makaravhani emotokari dzaienda kumaodzanyemba uye kunyange maamburenzi umo vapoteri vaitiza. Mapoka makuru evamwe veGazan akamanikidzwa kuita rwendo rurefu kumaodzanyemba netsoka nemumikoto yakatetepa yeIDF. Sezvo muchengeti Zvinonzi pakati paNovember,
“Avo vaifamba vakananga kumaodzanyemba vakatarisa mauto eIsrael, vachipfuura nemunzvimbo ine ungwandangwanda hwemarara ayo akanga ari zvivako mwedzi miviri yapfuura, mumigwagwa yakapwanywa nezvombo uye yakapwanywa nemadhaka nematangi, vakanga vasina tariro yokuzororera pavakasvika kumaodzanyemba. Nzvimbo dzekugara dzakatsvikinyidzana, chikafu nemvura zvakaderera zvakanyanya UN yakayambira kuti vanhu vekuPalestine vakatarisana ne 'mukana wekukurumidza' wekushaya nzara, zvirwere zvinotapukira zviri kupararira, uye hondo inotarisirwa kuwedzera mumazuva anouya.
Nenguva isipi Israeri yakatanga kubhomba zvikamu zveSouth Gaza, zvakare, ichiedza zvakajeka kuendesa vapoteri kumaodzanyemba, zvichida kunyange nepagedhi reRaffah vachipinda muEgipita. Asi Egypt yakaramba kubatanidzwa munhimbe yakadaro yekuchenesa dzinza. Saka, kutaura nenzira yokufananidzira, mamiriyoni evaPalestine vakaora mwoyo vane misana yavo kumadziro, kana kuti munyaya iyi, fenzi, vasina kwokutizira.
Sezvo hukama hwehupfumi uye hwezvematongerwo enyika pakati peIsrael, India, neUS zvaramba zvichisimba, Joe Biden akazvibatanidza naNetanyahu naModi, achibvisa maziso ake kubva kune avo vanopikisa uye vane mhirizhonga zvakanyanya. Akatsigira kurwiswa kweGaza munzira yese uye pakupera kwaNovember 18th aive achiri kukakavara mu Washington Post kupokana nekumisa kurwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, akadana kuwedzera kuyerera kwerubatsiro rwevanhu kuGaza kugadzirisa kushomeka kwechikafu, mvura, dzimba, uye mafuta. Mune mamwe mazwi, hutongi hweBiden huri kubata njodzi ipapo senjodzi yakasikwa, ichiita sekunge pane chinhu chinotyisa chiri kuitika, chimwe chinhu chinopfuura simba rake (kana chero ani zvake) kudzivirira, saka zvese zvingaitwe kubatsira vanopona.
Muchokwadi, manejimendi muWashington anga achibata kugara kweIsrael uye kunyudza kweWest Bank neGaza senjodzi yemusikirwo kweanopfuura hafu yezana ramakore izvozvi. Liz Theoharis, sachigaro we Murwi Wevanhu Vasina Hanya, munguva pfupi yapfuura Ratidza chiitiko chinoratidza kuti chirevo ichocho hachina kunaka sei. Muna Mbudzi, Gurukota rezvekudzivirirwa kweIsrael Yoav Gallant akashoropodzwa zvakanyanya nekubvumidza marori mashoma, asina kukwana zvakakwana erubatsiro rwekubatsira vanhu kupinda muGaza kubva kuEgypt. Seizvo Theoharis akacherekedza, Gallant akadzivirira chisarudzo chake chokubvumira betsero neiyi nzira: “VaAmerica vakaomerera, uye isu hatisi munzvimbo umo tinogona kuvaramba. Tinovimba navo kuti vawane ndege nemidziyo yehondo. Chii chatinofanira kuita? Uvaudze kuti kwete?" Izvi zvinoisa nhema kune pfungwa yekuti Washington haina simba pamusoro pekufambira mberi kana mhedzisiro yehondo iyi. Iyo ine pesvedzero pamusoro peIsrael - inodarika mabhiriyoni matatu emadhora muchimiro cherubatsiro rwemauto rwunopihwa neWashington gore rega rega, tisingatauri nezve. $ 14 bhiriyoni iyo Biden manejimendi ichiri kuda kupa mubairo Israeri.
Sezvatinonyora izvi, hatizive zvichazoitika kuvanhu veGaza kana kumisa kurwa kwenguva pfupi kwekuchinjana kwevasungwa kwapera. Asi iva nechokwadi chekuti hurumende dzeIndia neIsrael dzicharamba dzichidyidzana pavanenge vachigadzira mazano matsva, matekiniki, uye propaganda yekukurudzira kwavo kugara uye kudzvanyirira, mishandirapamwe nehurumende yeUS, kuburikidza nekuita uye kusaita, iri kutsigira. Funga nezvemarudzi matatu ari pasi pamwari (va)mwari wehero.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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