Ramangwana rasvika. A kudzidza rakabudiswa munguva ichangopfuura neboka revasayendisiti vokuBritain neDutch vakawana kuti kupisa kwakaipisisa kwezhizha rino “zvingadai zvisingabviri kuitika munharaunda yeU.S./Mexico neSouthern Europe kudai vanhu vakanga vasina kudziyisa pasi nokupisa zvisaririra.” Zvinoramba zvichiwedzera, zvinoita sokuti mafungu ekupisa, anopfuura madutu, mafashamo, kana kuti moto womusango, angave ari kupedzisira ave kuunza nyevero yagara ichitarisirwa iyo inogona kumutsa vanhu kubva pamaitiro avo okusafunga nezvemamiriro ekunze.
Kufanana nevazhinji vedu, vezvehupfumi uye vezvematongerwo enyika vepasirese - vanhu vane simba rekuvhota pane chero mhinduro yakasimba yekudziya kwepasi - vagara vadzivirirwa kubva pakukanganisa kwakaipisisa kwemhepo inopisa. air-conditioning. Kusiyana nevakawanda vedu, kunyange zvakadaro, ivo vakadzivirirwawo pakushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kukuru neupfumi hwavo uye chinzvimbo—nezvatingati “zvinoita kuti upenyu huvepo.” Zvino, kudziya kwepasi kwazova kusingabviri kuti kunyange ivo vafuratire. Asi pane kuda kuderedzwa kwekubuda kwegreenhouse-gasi kuchengetedza zvizvarwa zvinotevera, vanoramba vakatarisa kudzikisira kuratidzwa kwavo kune njodzi dzakadai. Vanowedzera, vari kuvhota netsoka dzavo (kana majeti avo ega) mukutsvaga kunyaradzwa nekuchengeteka.
Flagstaff, Arizona, mamita 7,000 pamusoro pegungwa uye nenguva yezhizha yakakwira 25°F yakadzikira pane iri muPhoenix, yakagara ichitsvakwa senzvimbo yekupisa. Mumakore achangopfuura, Flagstaff nenzvimbo dzakatipoteredza dzakaona kuwanda kwevavhimi vedzimba dzakadzika-homwe vachitsvaga kupotera kubva kune zvine ngozi 110 ° F-pamwe nezvitsuwa zvinopisa zvemudhorobha zvePhoenix neTucson. Meya weguta AkaudzwaThe muchengeti, “Hatina basa nevanhu vanotamira kuFlagstaff zvachose. Asi inenge 25% yedzimba dzedu dzava dzimba dzechipiri. Mutengo wekurarama ndiyo nyaya yedu yekutanga. Hatitauri zvakanyanya pamusoro pezvinorehwa nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kune hutano hwevanhu. Asi vanhu vane mari shoma vanozogara kupi? Vanokwanisa sei kugara muguta rino?” Maitiro akadaro kune "mamiriro ekunze gentrification” inogona kusimuka zvichitevera kupisa kwegore rino. Mamwe maguta ekuchamhembe, anosanganisira Bangor, Maine, uye Duluth, Minnesota, zvakare ari kukwezva vanoenda kumamiriro ekunze emwaka. kutyaira mari yedzimba kunze kwekusvikirwa nevagari vane mihoro ine mwero. Vamwe vari kudzungaira kure, vachitenga kuAlaska kana Nyuzirendi.
Panoramba paine fungidziro isingawanzo taurwa yokuti nokungoshandisa mamwe nemazero, mafotoni nemaerekitironi, vanhu vanogona kutsigira nokuramba vachibudisa zvinhu zvatinoona zvakatipoteredza nhasi—nyika ingadai isina kumbovapo pasina kupiswa kwakanyanyisa kwemafuta ezvicherwa, kutorwa kwemafuta. zvicherwa, uye kukohwa kwebiological mass.
Kunyora nezvebasa idzva raBangor senzvimbo yekutonhodza, Bloomberg munyori wenhau Conor Sen ane Ratidza imwe kona inonakidza isiri yemamiriro ekunze: “Munhoroondo, Florida neArizona dzakatambira kufamba munguva yechando kubva kuchamhembe, asi zvakazodzokera kumashure zvinogona kunge zvisiri zvechokwadi. Majee nezve 'murume weFlorida' anouya kudhorobha anonyora ega.
Chokwadi, masaisai ekutama anokonzerwa nemamiriro ekunze ari kutanga kusangana nemaitiro ari kukura ekutama kune chekuita nezvematongerwo enyika. Anti-government mauto marudzi uye vamwe vezvematongerwo enyika vanonyanyisa vane nhoroondo refu yekutamira kunzvimbo dzakakwirira nepamusoro-soro. Northern Idaho, semuenzaniso, yakagara iri nzvimbo yakakurumbira, kunyanya ye "preppers": vanhu nemapoka kubva kwakasiyana-siyana mararamiro avo, nokuti vanovenga hurumende kana kuti vane kutya kukuru kwekuparara kwevanhu, vanoita zvakadaro kunze-kwe-the- nzira yekumba pavanenge vachizendama uye vachigadzirira chero rudzi rwenjodzi yavanofunga kuti iri kuuya. Kupinda kwegore rino muIdaho panhandle, mishumoTheWashington PostJack Jenkins, anoremerwa zvakanyanya nevachena vechiKristu nyika.
Kuchengetedzwa KweNyika yePrivate-Jet Seti
Mune imwe nyaya ya2020 ine musoro unoti "Billionaire Cowboys Vari Kutenga uye Kutengesa Makuru Makuru muAmerica," Jim Dobson. Zvinonzi in Forbes izvo varidzi venzvimbo vakazvimiririra veUnited States vane, pamwe chete, huwandu hunosvika mamirioni gumi nematatu mahekita, kunyanya kuMadokero. Zvinosanganisira tycoon mutambo TV, mamwe midhiya, matanda, kutema matanda, mitambo, fodya, tekinoroji yemauto, uye Subway masangweji. Forbes wo akatizivisa kuti, mugore rekutanga redenda reCovid-19, vapfumi vanoda nyika vakadirana kunzvimbo yakakwirira, inotonhorera, vaine “marendi nekutenga, kusanganisira dzimba dzemazororo [zvichiwedzera] muAspen, Colorado; Jackson, Wyoming; Park City, Utah; Big Sky, Montana; neLake Tahoe, California,” ose akanga atowedzera kunyorova.
Jackson (colloquially, "Jackson Hole") inoratidzira zvine mukurumbira mukudzvova nyaya pane "kodzero yevanopokana" naJames Pogue mune yaFebruary 2023 chinyorwa che Vanity Fair. Dhorobha nenzvimbo yaro yakatenderedza inosanganisira iyo nzvimbo iyo highfalutin 'vapoteri vagara vachikweverwa kwairi, vachipihwa mamiriro ekunze uye runako rwechisikigo, pfungwa yavo yeropafadzo uye nekutenda kweapocalyptic, uye, nguva pfupi yadarika, Covid-19:
Vapfumi uye vakanyatsobatanidzwa preppers uye back-to-the-landers vanga vachifamba kumadokero, vazhinji vavo vangangoita tangentially vanobatanidzwa mune edgy online realm of thought inozivikanwa seyo dissident right. Tech executives uye crypto investimendi vari kugadzira mapoka epachivande kubatsira vanhu "kubuda" -izwi rakatora rinenge risinganzwisisike kukosha mune mamwe madenderedzwa nguva pfupi yadarika - kubva munharaunda yedu yakasununguka, hupenyu hune tekinoroji, uye hurongwa hwekuparara. Uye kune zvirongwa zvakakura, zvekufamba kwakazara kwesecessionist vachishandisa crypto uye masangano akazvimiririra anozvimiririra kuvaka masangano ediki-diki.
Jackson ndiyo chigaro cheTeton County, uko 80% yemari yemunhu yave kuwanikwa kubva mukudyara, uye inoratidza. Iwo ane mavara asi anogara achitsamwisa evatambi vanosangana naPogue vanotenda kuti vakarongerwa kuve vabereki vekutanga nyika itsva, asi ivo vanonyanya kungoita zvinhu zvevapfumi. Nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza, semuenzaniso, iyo Jackson Hole Land Trust yakachengetedza mahekita makumi mashanu neshanu enzvimbo yakazvimirira kubva mukusimudzirwa, uye izvi, anonyora Pogue, "zvave zvakanakira zvisikwa zvakapoterera uye zvakanakira kirasi yakazvimirira, inochengetedza. mamiriyoni emutero wemari yemubatanidzwa.” Asi, anotiyeuchidza, hupfumi hwenzvimbo yaJackson hwaisagona kushanda pasina "vashandi vebasa, kunyanya Latino, vane dzimba shoma asi dzakamanikana uye dzisina kujairika."
Imwe nhengo yekanzuru yedhorobha reJackson yakaudza Pogue kuti vanhu vepamusoro, vanoshanda chinhambwe vakashandura dhorobha, zvakanyanya kuipa: "Vanhu ava vari kupihwa mari yakawanda, vanogona kuwana chero masevhisi avanoda pamhepo, uye vanogona kuwana. makomo ose aya ane hosha anotsvedza pasi… Yangova imwe hari yemari kwavari.” Maitiro haana kugumira kuTeton County. Pogue anonyora kuti "iri kuitika munzvimbo yeGreater Yellowstone, chinhu chiri padyo nenzvimbo hombe, yakasimba yakasara mumatunhu makumi mana nemasere, ayo anosanganisira mataundi akaita seBozeman neLivingston, Montana, ari maviri ari kusangana nekusagadzikana kwawo."
Kuyangarara kana Burrow?
Waigona kugocha zai pabhandi rezuva.
(Mufananidzo: Priti Gulati Cox)
Tichidzika kubva kuMakomo Kumadokero kuenda kugungwa, tinowana imwe yakatonyanya kushamisa gadziriro yevapfumi: iyo libertarian "seasteading" kufamba, iyo ine chinangwa chekuvaka misha inoyangarara kana maguta ese mugungwa, sehupoteri huri kunze kwechero nyika. Sarudza yako musha wemangwana! Ichava “nyika inoyangarara yezvitsuwa zvine mativi matanhatu, uko simba rinotorwa mumafungu nomuzuva”? Kana kuti SeaPod muPanama iyo "inopa inokwanisika yeumbozha ruzivo, uku ichideredza tsoka yayo, ichikubvumidza kuti uyangamire pamusoro pemafungu"? Kana kuti “imba yakangwara inoyangarara… Tarisa uone Seasteading Institute's mapurojekiti azvino kune zvimwe zvingangoitika, kusanganisira gungwa rakarongwa-pasi pekugara kubva kuMississippi's Gulf Coast, ine nzvimbo dzedhata uye marabhu ekutsvagisa.
Chekupedzisira, kune mamirioni anoda kudzika mu terra firma pane kuisiya, pane mikana yekugadzira imba yako mune yakaoma yepasi pevhu. The Kupona Condo Project, silo yenyukireya inokandwa muruwa rweKansas, ine dziva rekutuhwina remvura ine munyu, pamwe nebhaisikopo, madziro anokwira nematombo, bhaka, bhawa, uye paki yembwa. Kunyangwe iri pasi pevhu, 12-unit complex inopawo sarudzo yenzvimbo kuburikidza ne "digital windows" mune imwe neimwe condo, pamwe nekudzivirirwa kubva pakuputika kwegomo, kurwisa kwenyukireya, uye, hongu, Kansas twisters. Iyo yakaoma yakagadzirwa uye yakagadzirirwa kubvumira vagari kuti vagare mukati makore mashanu pasina kusiya, kana zvichidiwa. Mutengo wacho? Anosvika mamirioni matatu emadhora kumayuniti akakura, pamwe nemubhadharo wepamwedzi wecondo unosvika zviuru zvishanu zvemadhora. Mazhinji akadaro epasi pevhu dzimba dzekugara dzakavakwa munyika yose uye pasi rose mumakore achangopfuura, kusanganisira iyo $ 17.5 mamiriyoni Luxury Underground Doomsday Bunker kumaodzanyemba kweGeorgia; the Subterra Castle-imwe Kansas silo, iyi inokwidziridzwa nekare-maitiro turret-uye Atlas Missile Silo Imba kumusoro kweNew York.
Vashoma vevamiriri vepamusoro vanotenga nzvimbo muWyoming, Montana, Idaho, Kansas, uye kumwewo vakaita mari yavo mumaindasitiri anogadzira kana kutipa zvatinoda semvura, pekugara, chikafu (kwete, kutengesa Subway masangweji haaverenge), uye utility services. Vazhinji vatora hupfumi hwavo kubva kuhupfumi hwedhijitari. Ndinoshamisika kuti vari kufungei. Kuti kunyange kana hupfumi-hwakapesvedzera capitalism iyo yakagara ichivatsigira mumhando yepamusoro ichiputsika, hupfumi hwavo hwaunganidzirwa hunogona kuramba huchivakohwa zvinhu zvisingaverengeki nemasevhisi avakajaira? Vamwe vacho vanogona kunyatso funga kuti nzanga inogona kuwana musanganiswa wakakwana wehungwaru hwekugadzira, marobhoti, 3D kudhinda, drones, uye crypto kutengeserana izvo zvinotsigira zvisina mutsetse kuyerera kwezvinhu nemasevhisi kune avo vanogona kuzvitenga. Hubris yavo inotyisa. Mu mashoko yaDouglas Rushkoff, munyori we Kupona kweVapfumi: Tiza Fungidziro dzeTech Mabhirioni, ivo “vakapindwa nepfungwa yokuti ‘kuhwina’ kunoreva kuwana mari yakakwana kuti vazvidzivirire pakukuvadzwa kwavari kuita nokuwana mari nenzira iyoyo.”
Kupofumadzwa kuzvinhu zvenyama, zvinosuwisa, hakuna kungofanana neSilicon Valley tycoons uye mabhiriyoniire cowboys. Nhasi, isu tese tinovimba zvakanyanya neasingaverengeki edimikira "mabhokisi matema," kubva kumafoni kuenda kumhepo-inotonhorera kusvika kumasisitimu emvura masisitimu, ayo magadzirirwo nekushanda kwawo kunowanzova chakavanzika kwatiri. Uyezve, anonyora Vaclav Smil mubhuku rake ra2022 Iyo Nyika Inoshanda Chaizvo, zvinhu uye kushanda nesimba kwebudiriro yebudiriro hazvinyanyi kufarira vanhu vakawanda mazuva ano pane “nyika yeruzivo, mashoko, uye mifananidzo.” Saizvozvo, anonyora kuti, mibayiro mikurusa yezvemari inoenda kubasa iro “rakabviswa chose chose pazvinhu zvokunyama zvoupenyu hwapasi.” Naizvozvo, zvinongori muropa kuti Silicon Valley mhando "inotenda kuti kuyerera kwemagetsi uku kuchaita kuti zviya zvechinyakare zvinodiwa zvisave zvakakosha," uye kuti" 'dematerialization,' inofambiswa nehungwaru hwekugadzira, ichagumisa kutsamira kwedu pamasimbi akaumbwa uye zvicherwa zvakagadziriswa, uye pakupedzisira tingatoita tisina mhoteredzo yePasi.” Rega vaende mberi vafunge izvozvo, nekuti, sekutaura kwaizoitwa naamai vangu, "vane imwe pfungwa yekuuya."
Mhepo Mapurazi Haasi Mapurazi
Panoramba paine fungidziro isingawanzo taurwa yokuti nokungoshandisa mamwe nemazero, mafotoni nemaerekitironi, vanhu vanogona kutsigira nokuramba vachibudisa zvinhu zvatinoona zvakatipoteredza nhasi—nyika ingadai isina kumbovapo pasina kupiswa kwakanyanyisa kwemafuta ezvicherwa, kutorwa kwemafuta. zvicherwa, uye kukohwa kwebiological mass. Achinongedza zviitiko zvakakosha sekugadzirwa kwechikafu uye kugadzira, kugadzira simba uye kugovera, kuvaka dzimba, nekugadzira, Smil anopokana kuti "zvakakosha zviripo hazvisi zvechikamu chemamicroprocessors nenharembozha."
Funga nezve hoopla yazvino pamusoro pehungwaru hwekugadzira. Pasinei nekusimudza njodzi yekutsakatika kwevanhu - tyisidziro chaiyo, maererano nechangobva kuitika statement yakasainwa nemazana enyanzvi dzetekinoroji-AI inoramba ichivharirwa zvakanyanya semushonga wemamiriro ekunze. Uku kunyunyuta kunobva pane tarisiro kuti tekinoroji ichaita zvinhu zvakaita se "kugadzirisa mafambisirwo anoitwa zvinhu, zvipingamupinyi zvinodzikisira kutorwa kwemotokari yemagetsi," uye "kukurudzira vatengi kuti vachinje matengero atinoita." Kunyangwe dai AI yaizozadzisa zvinangwa zvakadaro, zvingangove nemhedzisiro shoma pakudziya kwepasi, kana iripo. Kuita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kuoma, nzvimbo dzakakura dzedata umo zvirongwa zveAI zvinodzidziswa uye zvinomhanya ndevashandisi vesimba vane utsinye uye vanokonzeresa kuwanda kwe carbon dioxide kuburitswa. Nekuwedzera nekukurumidza kweAI kunotarisirwa nevakawanda, kudiwa kwesimba uye kuburitswa kungangove kusatarisika. (Hazvina kuitika kuti AI guru Sam Altman akambotaura kuti iye nebhilioneya wetekinoroji Peter Thiel vakabvumirana kuti kana njodzi yarova, vanobuda votora imwe jeti yavo kuenda kunzvimbo yakakomberedzwa naThiel. New Zealand yakanaka.)
Artificial intelligence, chinangwa chakanangana neSilicon Valley kwenguva yakareba, haiparadzaniswe kubva kune izvo zvenyama izvo zvakagadzirwa. Asi isu tinofanirwa kuzorora, taura zvinosimudzira, nekuti masimba emagetsi anotsamira tekinoroji yese, kusanganisira AI, ichakurumidza "kubviswa". Oh, chaizvoizvo? Smil mubhuku rake uye munyori wesainzi Alice J. Friedemann mune rake, Hupenyu Mushure meFossil Fuels (2021), kumbira kusiyana. Ivo, zvakare dzimwe nyanzvi, vakaratidza kuti magetsi, angave akagadzirwa neanogona kudzokororwa kana kuti kwete, haakwanise kugonesa mabasa ese ari kufambiswa nemafuta efossil, ndoda kutsigira kukura kweindasitiri kusingagumi.
Kusiyana nezvinomera zvakasvibirira nemhuka dzinozvidya-vanoshandura simba rezuva iro rakatsigira vanhu munguva yose yemarudzi edu paPasi-photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, power grids, uye mabhatiri hazviiti kubereka.
Kutsigira hurongwa hwemagetsi akakura, anovandudzwa nekusingaperi kuburikidza neramangwana hakuzove kufamba mupaki. Kusiyana nezvinomera zvakasvibirira nemhuka dzinozvidya-vanoshandura simba rezuva iro rakatsigira vanhu munguva yose yemarudzi edu paPasi-photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, power grids, uye mabhatiri hazviiti kubereka. Mhepo nemidziyo yezuva zvinofanirwa kutsiviwa makumi maviri emakumi emakore, mabhatiri kunyange kazhinji.
Zvingave zvakanaka kana, panguva yehupenyu hwavo hwekushanda, zvishandiso izvi zvaigona kuburitsa mbeu kana machubhu kana kucheka kana marara evana, zvekuti panguva yavanosakara, tinenge tasimudza zvizvarwa zvitsva zvemapurazi ezuva nemhepo, akagadzirira enda. Asi havadaro. Mune ramangwana rakareba, nzanga dzicharamba dzichitanga kubva mukutanga, dzichiunganidza zvinhu zvinowedzera kushomeka kubva mumigodhi kana kudzoreredza zvidyarwa uye kugadzirazve hurongwa hwesimba. Sezvinotaurwa naFriedemann, izvo zvatinodaidza kuti "zvinovandudzwa" zvitubu zvesimba zvinongori "kuvakwazve," uye zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvavanazvo-sezvinosanganiswa izvo zvinogadzirwa mashizha makuru eshongwe dzemhepo-hazvigadzirike zvakare.
Muchidimbu, hapana utiziro kubva kune zvinhu zvenyama. Nzira chete yekuti isu vanhu tirarame mukati mezvirambidzo zvezviwanikwa uye miganhu yezvakatipoteredza ndeyekudzosera hupfumi hwedu kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevanhu vese, uye kure nekuburitsa zvinhu zvakawandisa. Isu hatina sarudzo kunze kwekusangana pane yakaenzana, ine mwero mwero wesimba uye zviwanikwa zvekushandisa izvo zvakakwana kupa a hupenyu hwakanaka kune vese. Muganhu wezvinhu uye wezvakatipoteredza ichokwadi chisingachinji, uye kana mumwe wedu achifunga kuti tinogona kumhanya, kutyaira, kubhururuka, kukwira, kuyangarara, kufamba nechikepe, kuchera, kodhi, kuisa mari, kugadzira, kukura, kana kutenga nzira yedu yekubuda mazviri, ndine imwe think comein'.
Iyo yekutanga vhezheni yechinyorwa ichi yakaburitswa neCity Lights Books sechikamu chayo 'In Real Time' series. Stan Cox (@CoxStan) ndiye munyori we Iyo Green New Deal uye Kupfuura (2020) uye Nzira Inoenda Kuramangwana Rinorarama (2021), vese kubva kuCity Lights. Iwe unogona kuona iri kubuda 'Munguva Chaiyo' yekuona basa pa illustrated archive, teererai Jehovha Podcast ye 'Munguva Chaiyo' yeiyo yataurwa vhezheni yechinyorwa ichi, uye inzwa hurukuro yacho pa Anti-Empire Project podcast.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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