Kunobva: TomDispatch.com
MaAmerican vanogona kunge vatozvinyepera pachavo kubva pane izvo zvishoma zvasara zveruzhinji.
Manyepo makuru achibatanidza nekukurudzira maRepublicans anhasi, ndeechokwadi, kuti Donald Trump, kwete Joe Biden, akahwina sarudzo yemutungamiri wenyika ye2020. Dzimwe nhema hombe mune yedu yapfuura yapfuura dzinosanganisira iyo pfungwa yekuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze hachisi chinhu kunze kwekunyepedzera kweChinese, kuti Russia yaive nemhosva yekukundwa kwesarudzo kwaHillary Clinton muna 2016, uye kuti kupinda kweIraq muna 2003 kwaive kwakakosha nekuti mutungamiri wenyika iyoyo, Saddam Hussein, anga aine chekuita nekurwiswa kwe9 / 11 (haana kudaro!) uye aive nezvombo zvekuparadza vanhu vazhinji izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kurwisa United States, "slam dunkโChokwadi, sekureva kwaiye -CIA Director George Tenet (zvaive zvisiri!).
Idzo nedzimwe nhema, diki uye diki, pamwe nehurongwa hwehuwori muWashington ndosaka nei vazhinji maAmerican vakadzingwa kuora moyo. Hazvishamise kuti, mu2016, avo "vanosiririsa" vakasvika mukupererwa nezano kune munhu anga asiri chigadzirwa cheWashington mendacious Beltway tsika. Nguva dzekusuwa dzinounza zviito zvekusuwa, kusanganisira kuzodza a akakundikana muridzi wekasino uye kupedza murume wemuAmerica seMAGA-cap-akapfeka muponesi. Sezvo mutungamiri wechi45, VaDonald Trump vakagadza rekodhi yenhema dzinogona kuramba dzisingachinjiki mu "hukuru" hwayo - kana zvakadaro isu tinofanirwa kutarisira zvakadaro.
Zvinosuruvarisa, maAmerican vakave vanoshivira zvinoshamisa nenhema dzakanaka, kazhinji vachivasarudzira kuchokwadi chisina kugadzikana. Hakuna kupi uko izvi zvingaonekwe zvakajeka kupfuura munzvimbo yemasoja yandakagara kwakawanda kwehupenyu hwangu. Kukuvara kwekutanga kwehondo, saka zvinonzi, ichokwadi, uye sezvo nyika ino yakaramba iri muhondo, isu tinoramba tichitambudza chokwadi zvakare.
Kana zvasvika kuhondo, heano mamwe mashoma emanyepo edu ese maAmerican: kuti nyika ino inononoka kutsamwa nekuti tinosarudza runyararo, kunyangwe kana hondo dzichinyanya kudikanwa, ndosaka irwo rugare-runoda America rinofanirwa kuve โakanakaโ pasi rose uye nekure iyo most expensive mauto pasi; kuti rakadaro remauto zvakare rakasarudzika simba rerusununguko paPlanet Earth; iyo inorwa isina kuzvipira "kusunungura vakadzvinyirirwaโ(Special Forces motto) asi usambofambira mberi neumambo kana nehumwe udyire.
Kune pasimba rinoda kushandura mhasuru dzemauto, manyepo akadaro anowanzoenderana nekosi yacho. Funga nezvavo, kutaura zvazviri, sa hurumende-nyaya (GI) inoreva nhema. Semunyori wenhoroondo achitarisa kune ramangwana, zvinondinetsa zvakanyanya manyepo maviri ekunyepedzera ayo, mukutanga kwema1930, zvakakonzera kudonha kwedemokrasi ichangotanga muWeimar Germany, manyepo ekuti munzira yavo vakabatsira kufambisa Holocaust uye kuti, pasi pekodzero (ndiko kuti, zvisizvo) mamiriro ezvinhu, anogona kuve eduwo. Chii chaive nhema idzodzo?
Nhema Dzinorwadza dzeGerman Mushure meHondo Yenyika I
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika I, mauto eGerman akaedza kukunda mauto akabatana eBritain, France, Russia, uye gare gare United States, pakati pemamwe masimba, nepo panguva imwe chete vachi "sungwa nechitunha," semumwe mukuru weGerman akarondedzera mutsigiri mukuru wenyika yake. , Humambo hweAustro-Hungary. Pakazosvika pakati pa1916, weGerman Reich Reich inotungamirwa naKaiser Wilhelm II aive, mukukosha, ave hudzvanyiriri hwemauto hwakazvipira mukukunda kwakazara chero zvodii.
Makore maviri gare gare, iwo chete mauto akange aendeswa kuneta nevakuru vavo. Paive padhuze nekudonha, vakuru vemauto vakageza maoko ekuzvibata uye vakatendera vezvematongerwo enyika kumhan'arira rugare. Asi kunyangwe pfuti dzisati dzanyarara munaNovember 11, 1918, zvimwe zvinhu zvakaitika mukati menyika zvaive zvichitove kudzidzira manyepo makuru maviri neakabatana ayo aizoita kuti kusimukira kwedhemagogi uye kutanga kweinotyisa hondo yenyika.
Manyepo ekutanga ekutanga aive ekuti mauto eGerman, akazoonekwa seakanaka kwazvo pasi rese (kurira kunozivikanwa?), Akabuda muHondo Yenyika I asina kukundwa mumunda, mauto ayo boka remagamba rakafukidzwa mukubwinya. Manyepo iwayo aigona kubatika nekuti Germany pachayo yakanga isina kupambwa muHondo Yenyika I; kurwa kwakaipisisa kwakaitika muFrance, Belgium, neRussia. Yaive zvakare inogona kubatika nekuti vatungamiriri vemauto vaive vanyepera vanhu nezve kufambira mberi kuri kuitwa "kukunda." (Izvi zvinofanirwa zvakare kunzwikwa zvakajairika kune nzeve dzeAmerica dzanhasi.) Saka, ivo vatungamiriri vakuru pavakazokanda tauro mukupera kwa1918, zvakazovhundutsa maGerman mazhinji, avo vakapihwa chikafu chakatsiga che "budiriro," nhau dzekukanganisa kwakakomba paWestern Front dzakadzvanywa.
Nhema huru yechipiri yakatevera kubva kune yekutanga. Nekuti kana mumwe akagamuchira ngano "isina kukundwa mumunda", sezvakaitwa nemaGerman mazhinji, saka ndiani akakonzera kukundwa kwemauto epasirese epasi rose? Kwete vakuru veGerman, hongu. Chokwadi, muna 1919, yakatungamirwa naFarm Marshal Paul von Hindenburg, vatungamiriri vamwechete ivavo vaizotaura noutsinye kuti zvinhu zvisina kuvimbika kumberi kwemba - muvengi mukati - vakarangana kutengesa mauto emagamba enyika. Saka pakazvarwa โstab-in-the-backโNgano yakaisa mhosva kune vatengesi kubva mukati, uku ichingoibvisa kuna Kaiser nevakuru vake.
Ndivanaani, ipapoka, vaive vekugumburisa Germany? Ivo vanowanzo fungidzirwa vakasunganidzwa: kunyanya vezvemagariro, maMarxist, anti-militarist, pacifists, uye vanobatsira muhondo yerumwe rudzi (asi kwete vagadziri vezvombo seKrupp Mhuri). Munguva pfupi yakwana, maGerman maJuda vaizosvinwa zvakare nevagari vemakomba vakaita saAdolf Hitler, nekuti ivo vanonzi vakadzora basa ravo rekushandira muzvikwata. Uku kwaive kumwe kunyepa kuri nyore kupokana, asi vese maGerman, vaishuvira mbudzi uye pasina mubvunzo vakadzvinyirira zvakare, vakaratidza kuda kutenda manyepo akadaro.
Manyepo maviri makuru uye anonyengera akatungamira mukushomeka kwekuzvidavirira muWeimar Germany kune vemauto vakaita saHindenburg naGeneral Erich Ludendorff avo vaive nemhosva yekukundwa kwenyika. Manyepo akadaro akadyisa hasha uye akakodza zvichemo zvevanhu veGerman, zvichigadzira ivhu rakaorera remanyepo akaipisisa. Mumamiriro ekutya anotyairwa nekuparara kukuru kwehupfumi kwakaunzwa neKuderera Kukuru kwe1929, aimbove mupendero akawana izwi rake nevateereri vake. Idzo nhema mbiri huru dzakashanda kupa simba kuna Hitler uye, hazvishamise, akatanga kusimudzira zvese kumutsidzira kwemauto uye kudaidzira kutsiva kune vakadzvinyirirwa "matsotsi aNovember" avo vanonzi vakatengesa Germany. Manyepo aHitler akagamuchirwa zviri nyore muchidimbu nekuti akawira panzeve dzakanyatsogadzirirwa.
Ehe, democracy yakura seAmerica haigone kuburitsa mutungamiri ari kure saHitler kana humambo hwehondo hunoda kutonga pasi rose. Rudyi?
America inogona kunge isingazogadzire yayo Hitler, demagogue uyo anogona kunyatsotsanangurwa semunhu asina kugadzikana, uye na "genius" ndinoreva kugona kwake kupenga nekushandisa zvishuwo zvakasviba zvevanhu vake nezera rake. Asi United States mu2021 zvirokwazvo ine simba-nzara, yakaderera-pane-kugadzikana "geniuses" yayo - sezvinoita nyika dzese munguva dzese. Varume vasina misimboti kana miganho, vanoda kudzokorora nhema huru shure kwenhema huru kusvikira vawana simba rakazara. Mumwe munhu akafanana aimbova Secretary of State Mike Pompeo kana Senator Tom Cotton pamwe? Kana kuti zvimwe vhezheni yakamisikidzwa yaLt. General Michael Flynn, chipangamazano chaDonald Trump chinogara chinguva chipangamazano, uyo achangobva vakaratidza kutsigira zvechiuto kupidigura hurumende. Kana pamwe, muna 2024, Trump pachake.
America Yayo Nhema Huru
Ehezve, Germany mumashure meHondo Yenyika I haisi fananidzo yakakwana yeUnited States mushure memakumi maviri emakore ehondo yayo ine njodzi asi iri kure yekutyisa. Uye nhoroondo iri, zvachose, inoratidzira pane kudzokorora. Asi isu tinoidzidza muchidimbu nekuti zvakapfuura zvinopa ruzivo mune zvingangoitika mune ramangwana. Hunhu nezviitiko zvinoshanduka, asi hunhu hwevanhu hunoramba hwakafanana, ndosaka vakuru vemauto vachiri kuverenga basa raAtenean general uye munyori wenhoroondo Thucydides ane purofiti, kunyangwe hazvo hondo yake yakapera anopfuura zviuru zviviri zvemakore zvakapfuura.
Saka, ngatidzokerei kunhema mbiri huru idzo, mukutarisisa, dzaive dzakauraya hutongi hweWeimar Germany. Vanogona sei kunyorera kuUS nhasi? Kubva 9/11, mauto edu akatsigira hondo huru mbiri muAfghanistan neIraq, pamwe nekukakavadzana kudiki munzvimbo senge Libya, Syria neSomalia. Iwo mamwe mauto akarasikirwa neese ari maviri makuru ehondo, uku achigadzira kana kuwedzera kuchiri kuenderera dambudziko revanhu uye njodzi mune "diki" idzo mhiri kweGreater Middle East ne Africa.
Asi, mu "nyika" yeAmerica (sekuzivikanwa kwayakazoitwa mushure mekurwiswa kwe9 / 11), zvinoshamisa kuti kashoma kuti chero munhu acherekedze kuti mauto mamwe chete aya akakanganisa sei hondo dzese idzodzo. Chokwadi, inowanzo kupembererwa munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika uye zvirokwazvo muWashington seiyo mauto akanakisa pasi rose, pamwe kunyangwe munhoroondo yenyika. Yaro bhajeti inoramba ichikwira sekunge mukupindura kukunda kwese kwese uye nekudaro inokodzera mugove weshumba wemutero wemadhora. Vakuru vemauto avo vaenda pamudyandigere uye vanoyemurwa vanopembererwa nekupihwa mubairo mapenjeni ane hutano uye kunyange hutano hune mubhadharo uye mabhenefiti kana ivo vakasarudza kudaro (uye vazhinji vanoita) kuti vakurumidze kupfuura mukova unotenderera izvo zvinovasanganisa nemakambani ehondo anobatsira zvikuru seBoing, Lockheed Martin, naRaytheon.
Muchidimbu, maAmerican akatengeswa pane pfungwa yekuti "yavo" yemauto haina kukundwa mumunda, kana, kana "vakundwa" mupfungwa yekutambura mhinganidzo, kwete kuvaitira. Asi kana mauto eAmerica ari akanakisa edu uye vatungamiriri vavo vanokundikana kazhinji vakaringana kuti vagowana mubairo nekusingaperi, ndiani is kupomera kurasikirwa kweAmerica muIraq? MuAfghanistan? Kwete ivo, zviripachena, kwete kana iwe uchitenda mhedzisiro yekuvhota inoratidza kuti maAmerican ane "chivimbo" chakanyanya mumauto kupfuura mamwe mazhinji masangano eU.S. (kunyangwe iwo manhamba, achiri akakwirira, anga ari kudonha munguva pfupi yapfuura).
Kana basa rekukundwa risiri kupihwa kumauto kana vatungamiriri vavo vemauto, uye kana isu vanhu veAmerica tisingakwanise kufungidzira kuti muvengi akaita saTaliban anokwanisa kukunda mauto edu ane simba, ndiani ane mhosva? Muvengi mukati! Mumwe munhu munyika yekumusha ari kubaya veAmerica magamba anokudzwa kumashure. Asi, kana zvirizvo, ndiani chaizvo?
Vatungamiriri vakuru mumauto eUS vari kutogunun'una kare kuti kubviswa kwemauto kwaJoe Biden kubva kuAfghanistan kunogona kudyara mhodzi dzekukundwa munyika iyoyo (sekunge makore angangoita makumi maviri ekurwa hondo ine njodzi kwaive neimwe nzira yakagadzika yekubudirira). VaRepublican, setsika yavo, vane mapanga avo kunze, futi. Vanoratidzika kuva kugadzirira kubaya maDemocrat nekuda kwekushaya simba pakudzivirira uye kufadza ve "vadzvanyiriri" sevatungamiriri ve Iran uye China.
Uye kana iwe uri kufunga nezveramangwana "muvengi mukati" wenyaya, usakanganwa tsamba ichangoburwa yakasainwa ne124 yevakuru vedu vakarega basa uye vanoyemura avo vanotsvaga kupa mhosva kudzika kwesununguko munyika ino kwete paTrump nema lackeys ake, asi pakupararira kwe progressivism, socialism, kunyangwe Marxism. Kuti vatakure kana kadikidiki mutoro wemamiriro ezvinhu America anozviwana maari nhasi hazvingamboitika kune iyo kambani-hukuru gaggle yevakarasika vachiita sevanozvisarudzira vaporofita.
Asi chokwadi chakanyanya kusimba pane avo mureza-chinzvimbo mukana vanogadzirira kubvuma. Hondo isingaperi, zvemasoja anonyengera, uye kutadza kwedu kutarisana nazvo zvese zvinofanirwa kutariswa sevavengi chaivo mukati. Uye avo "vavengi" vari kubatsira kuuraya democracy muAmerica, sezvo James madison, Dwight D. Eisenhower, uye Martin Luther King, Jr.., pakati pevamwe, akayambira pamusoro pemakumi emakore, kunyange mazana emakore, apfuura.
Hechino chiri nyore chokwadi chazvo: Hondo dzeAmerica kubvira 9/11 dzaisambove nyika ino kukunda. Iwo akange ari makakatanwa asina musoro emukana, achibatsira Pentagon (uye neyakagara ichikwira bhajeti). Vakasvibiswa nekudiwa kwekutsiva uye kutarisirwa zvisirizvo nevamwe vevamireki vemireza-avo vakasaina tsamba iyoyo. Kuzviongorora kwakatendeseka kungangoda kukosheswa kosi kururamisa mukati meuto rehondo uye zvirokwazvo kurambwa kwakawanda kwemauto nehondo yekudaidzira. Uye izvi zviri pasina chikonzero nei vazhinji vari mu mauto-maindasitiri-congressional yakaoma sarudza nyaradzo yenhema huru.
Isu takaona shanduro dzeizvi zvisati zvaitika. Ronald Reagan akashandura zvakare hondo yematsotsi muSoutheast Asia se โchikonzero chakanaka. โ George HW Bush akataura nezve kusafunga zvine musoro uye zvine musoro kusada kurwa hondo dzisingakoshi mhiri kwemakungwa se "chirwere cheVietnam," ichiti iyo US pakupedzisira "akazvikagaโNekukunda kwayo kwekupedzisira pamusoro paSaddam Hussein mumushandirapamwe weDesert Storm ra1991 Rambo ngano mutsika dzakakurumbira dzakasimbisa pfungwa yekuti varwi veAmerica vakunda muhondo muVietnam, kuzongobayiwa kumusana nevanyengeri vezvematongerwo enyika nevaratidziri vehondo. pfira mauto adzoka. (Ivo havanaPamwe chete ngano dzakadaro dzakashanda kuvharidzira mauto eUS kubva mukuchinja kukuru, achivimbisa bhizinesi rinoenderera-se-rinowanzoitika paPentagon kusvika, mushure me9/11, ichokwadi "basa (un) rakaitwaโMakore akasvika.
Chokwadi Chakaomarara Ndiwo Mushonga Wenhema Dzakakura
MaAmerican vanoda zuva rekuverenga iro risingaratidze chiratidzo chekuuya. Mushure mezvose, tiri kutaura nezveCongress iyo haikwanise kana bvuma kuumba komisheni yakabatana kuti iferefete kurwisa kweJanuary 6 kweCapitol. Zvakadaro, mukomana anogona kurota, handizvo here? Ini kurota kwangu kwaisanganisira kuumbwa kwechokwadi komisheni yekubata vatungamiriri vakuru, vemauto nevevanhu, vanozvidavirira kwete chete pamanyepo avo pamusoro pehondo zhinji dzeAmerica asi nezvesarudzo dzekuzvimisikidza pamwe nemitambo inosiririsa yakatevera, sezvavakaita yavo isina hunhu zvakanyanya kuzvisunungura pamutoro.
Nditenderewo kuti ndirotirewo pamusoro pekuti chiitwa chakadai mukutaura chokwadi uye kuzvidavirira kwechokwadi chingasanganisirei:
- Bipartisan DRM kuferefeta kuhondo muIraq neAfghanistan, kusanganisira humbowo hwakapika nevatungamiriri Bush, Obama, naTrump, pamwe nevatevedzeri vemutungamiri Cheney, Biden, naPence, nevaya vakakundikana vekare vatungamiriri vedu.
- Bipartisan DRM kuferefetwa kwemauto enhema asingaperi nezve kufambira mberi muhondo dzayo, pamwe chete nemhosva dzehondo dzinobvunzwa pazvinenge zvichidikanwa.
- Kuderedza kukuru mukushandisa kwemauto neCongress kudzora zvezvino uye zvenguva yemberi mauto.
- Kupera kurumbidzwa kwemauto, kurambwa kwemauto, uye kuzvipira kune democracy uye kutaura chokwadi.
- Hapana zvemberi zvehondo mhiri kwemakungwa pasina DRM kuzivisa zvimwe chete, zvichiteverwa nechisimba kunyoreswa kwaizotanga nevanakomana nevanasikana venhengo dzeCongress.
Kubudikidza nenhema huru uye kuvimbika kwavo kwavari, United States nhasi inogona kunge ichitevera nzira yatotsikwa zvine chisimba naWeimar Germany muma1920 uye kutanga kwema1930. Kupemberera uto zvisinei nekukundwa kwaro iresipi yehondo isingaperi nekusatendeseka kusingaperi. Kuenzanisa masimba edemokrasi mukati meAmerica nekuparadzanisa uye kupesana chimukira kwete chete chemhirizhonga asi nezveramangwana rakaomarara, rine mhirizhonga zvakanyanya.
Pano nhoroondo inodzidzisa chidzidzo chinokanganisa. Izvo pakupedzisira zvakamanikidza maGerman mazhinji kutarisana nechokwadi chakaomarara, kuramba zvehondo uye megalomaniacal zviroto zvehumambo hwenyika, yaive kukundwa kune njodzi muHondo Yenyika II. Chii, kana chiripo, chingamanikidza maAmerican kutarisana nezvokwadi dzakaomarara? Hunhu haukwanisi kuwana imwezve hondo yenyika, kwete imwe iyo mutungamiri ane simba rekuburitsa chiuru chekupiswa kuburikidza nekusingaperi "kuvandudzwaโZvombo zvenyukireya.
Ingo rangarira: Nhema huru dzine mhedzisiro.
Copyright 2021 William J. Astore
William Astore, mutyairi wemauto lieutenant colonel (USAF) uye purofesa wenhoroondo, ari TomDispatch yakajairwa uye mumwe wevakuru kuEisenhower Media Network (EMN), sangano revashandi vemauto anonetsa uye vezvekuchengetedza nyika. Yake yega blog iri Bracing Views.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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