Malinga ndi "Makalasi Ovomerezeka aku America,” lipoti lotulutsidwa mu Ogasiti ndi gulu lopanda phindu loona za ufulu wachibadwidwe la PEN America, 39 peresenti ya malamulo 137 a gag omwe adakhazikitsidwa m’malamulo a boma mpaka pano chaka chino alunjika ku makoleji ndi mayunivesite. Ambiri amayang'ana kwambiri zamitundu ndi LGBTQIA+ ndipo amafuna kupondereza kukambitsirana pamitu yomwe mapiko abwino akuwona kuti ndi "kugawa."
Izi, PEN ikumaliza, ndikuyang'ana kumanja: "Zaka zinayi kapena zisanu zokha zapitazo, opanga malamulo aku Republican anali kuwonetsa zomwe zimatchedwa Campus Free Speech Act zomwe zimati zidapangidwa kuti ziteteze anthu aluntha komanso kumasuka. Tsopano ambiri akulozera maphunziro apamwamba ndi zina mwa zilankhulo zovuta kwambiri mpaka pano. ”
Zowonadi, ndalama zoletsa ufulu wophunzitsa ndi kuphunzira zadzetsa mkwiyo - ndikukonzekera - pamasukulu m'dziko lonselo. Kuphatikiza pakuwonjezeka kwazaumoyo ndi chitetezo cholimbikitsidwa ndi COVID komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amalandila malipiro ochepa, sizosadabwitsa kuti ogwira ntchito kusukulu akusonkhana mdera lililonse la US ndikukakamira kuti apeze ndalama zambiri. Dongosolo Latsopano la Maphunziro Apamwamba. Khama likutsogozedwa ndi a American Federation of Aphunzitsi (AFT) ndi American Association of University Professors (AAUP), magulu awiri omwe adachita mgwirizano wokhazikika womwe udayamba pa Ogasiti 1.
Mgwirizanowu umapanga zaka zoposa khumi za ntchito yogwirizana pofuna kuthandizira ufulu wanzeru koma imalola AAUP ya mamembala a 50,000 kuti asunge ufulu wake ndi kudzilamulira.
Polimbikitsa kampeni ya New Deal for Higher Education, onse a 1.7 miliyoni a AFT ndi AAUP akuti akukweza "zabwino wamba," kupititsa patsogolo nsanja yomwe imateteza ufulu wamaphunziro, ndikulimbikitsa utsogoleri wogawana pakati pa oyang'anira ndi aphunzitsi. Kuphatikiza apo, akulimbikitsa mamembala kukankhira Congress ndi mayiko kuti abwerenso ku maphunziro apamwamba, kutsutsa kukanikiza, kuletsa ngongole zonse za ophunzira ndikuteteza antchito anthawi yochepa kuti asawomberedwe mopanda chilungamo.
Zofunikira sizikhala zochulukirapo.
"Anthu akuwona kuti demokalase ikumenyedwa," Purezidenti wa AFT Randi Weingarten adauza Wopanda. "Tsopano tikuyenera kuteteza chidziwitso ndi kuganiza mozama ndikupitilira nkhani za mkate ndi batala kuti tifotokozenso zochitika zamgwirizano. Tiyenera kulimbana ndi ulamuliro waulamuliro pamene tikuyesetsa kusintha miyoyo ya anthu ndi madera. "
A Paul Davis, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa AAUP komanso pulofesa wopuma pantchito ku Cincinnati State Technical and Community College, akuvomereza ndikuwona kuti mgwirizanowu ukupereka mwayi wokonzekera bwino. "Dziko lino ndi anthu ake akusintha," akutero Davis. "Chabwino, ndiye tiyeni tisinthe osataya manja athu m'mwamba mokhumudwa. Pamene chuma chikusintha, tiyenera kukhala okhoza kuchitapo kanthu; ifenso tiyenera kusintha." "Anthu amawona kuti demokalase ikuzunzidwa. Tsopano tikuyenera kuteteza chidziwitso ndi kuganiza mozama ndikupitilira nkhani za mkate ndi batala kuti tifotokozenso zochitika zamgwirizano. ”
Liwiro la kusintha, akuwonjezera, lakwera kwambiri. M'malo mwake, akuti masukulu atangotsekedwa chifukwa cha COVID-19, AAUP ndi AFT adayamba kulandira zopempha kuti athandizidwe kupanga magawo okambirana. "Tinayamba kumva makamaka kuchokera kwa adjuncts, m'mbali zonse za dziko, omwe akuchitiridwa nkhanza. Iwo anali kulimbikitsa ulemu, chitetezo cha ntchito ndi malipiro abwino, "akutero.
Koma sikuti ndi owonjezera okha omwe adatopa - ndikunyozedwa. Cathy Wagner, pulofesa wa zolembera ku Miami University of Ohio, adayamba kugwira ntchito ndi Faculty Alliance of Miami kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2020, kutsatira kuchotsedwa kwawo, mu Marichi 2020, kwa gulu lanthawi zonse 150 la Fall. 2020 semester.
Wagner akufotokoza kuti: "Kudulidwaku kunatanthauza kuti ntchito ya aliyense ikwera. “Choipa kwambiri, zikutanthauza kuti sitingathe kugwira ntchito ndi ophunzira momwe timafunira. Inali nthawi yowopsa, koma tidalankhula ndi anthu ambiri omwe adapanga mabungwe amaphunziro kusukulu zawo. M'malo ena, aphunzitsi ndi oyang'anira adakumana kuti akambirane za bajeti. Izi sizinachitike ku yunivesite ya Miami. Oyang’anira athu anakana kubwera patebulo kudzakambirana nafe chilichonse.”
M'miyezi 18 yotsatira, Wagner akuti aphunzitsi anthawi zonse a Miami ndi oyang'anira mabuku adagwira ntchito yokonzekera sukuluyi ndipo adasaina makhadi okwanira kuti afune chisankho. Ma Adjuncts, Wagner akufotokoza, sanaphatikizidwe chifukwa malamulo aku Ohio amaletsa antchito aboma anthawi yochepa kuti agwirizane. Komabe, ogwira ntchito nthawi zonse adapambana.
Koma, Wagner akuti, mgwirizanowu sunazindikiridwebe ndi oyang'anira University of Miami.
"Iwo akukoka mapazi awo kuti achedwetse ndondomekoyi, akukangana ndi zomwe bungwe lazokambirana likuchita," akufotokoza motero. "Akufuna kuletsa oyang'anira mabuku, maprofesa oyendera ndi aphunzitsi omwe si a nthawi yayitali. Tikunena kuti 'ayi,' ndipo tikuyembekeza kuti State Employee Relations Board iwakakamiza kuti asiye kuwombera miyala. " Wagner akuti Faculty Alliance ya Miami, mogwirizana ndi AAUP ndi AFT, ikukankhira Bungwe la State Employee Relations Board kuti lipereke chigamulo chokhudza kupanga bungwe la bargaining; popeza 9 mwa mayunivesite 10 aku Ohio akuphatikiza masukulu osaphunzitsidwa, "timakhulupirira kuti chitsanzo chili kumbali yathu," akutero.
Nkhani ina yalimbikitsanso kuchulukirachulukira - ndikupangitsa Faculty Alliance kuwonekera kwambiri pamasukulu. "Zachidziwikire, Miami anali ndi ziwerengero zapamwamba zamaphunziro a 2021-2022 kuposa momwe oyang'anira amayembekezera," akutero Wagner. "Kolejiyo idapezanso ndalama za CARES Act kotero tidapeza ndalama zokwana $262 miliyoni. Zimandipweteka m'mimba ngakhale ndikuganiza izi."
Ngakhale zili choncho, okonza za AFT/AAUP ati aphunzitsi m'dziko lonselo ndi ogwirizana kufuna kuwonekera kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake amaphunzitsa.
Ernesto Longa, pulezidenti wa United Academics ku yunivesite ya New Mexico (UNM), akunena kuti nkhawazo zinalimbikitsa aphunzitsi kuti ayambe kukonzekera kumeneko mu 2014. Iye amayamikira AFT ndi AAUP powathandiza kuti azindikire mgwirizano mu 2019. "Tinayamba kukambirana. mgwirizano wathu woyamba koyambirira kwa 2020, ”adatero Longa Zowona. "Kenako mliri udafika ndipo popeza tinkagwira ntchito yodana ndi mgwirizano zidatitengera miyezi 18 kuti tithetse mgwirizano woyamba wazaka zitatu. Mwamwayi, AFT idapereka ena mwa onyamula zolemetsa omwe adatithandiza pazokambirana ndi kafukufuku. ” Chotsatira chopambana chinaphatikizapo kukweza kwa 7.12 peresenti m'chaka choyamba, ndi otsegulanso malipiro apachaka pazaka ziwiri zotsatira zomwe zinaphatikizidwa ndi mgwirizano. "Membala aliyense wa AAUP tsopano ndi membala wa AFT. Pamodzi, tikumenyera demokalase komanso ufulu wamaphunziro. ”
Longa akuti ngakhale iye ndi gulu lomwe amakambilana adakondwera ndi mgwirizano woyamba, aliyense akumvetsetsa kuti pali zambiri zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika kuti owonjezera ndi ena akulipidwa bwino komanso kukhala ndi chitetezo pantchito. "Pali owonjezera omwe amapanga $2,500 pophunzitsa kalasi ya ngongole zitatu," akutero. Amanenanso kuti United Academics ikadali ndi zambiri zoti iphunzire pakukonzekera ndi kukambirana. "Ife tikupeza pang'onopang'ono momwe lamulo lothandizira olemba ntchito lilili pankhani yotanthauzira makontrakiti," akutero. “Tsopano tikudziwa kuti chilankhulo chathu chiyenera kukhala cholongosoka. Ndime yomwe imati UNM mulole kuchita chinachake, osati adza Chitanipo kanthu, imalola UNM kusiya chitetezo chomwe timaganiza kuti tipambana. ”
Vuto lina, Longa akupitiriza, likukhudzana ndi kukhazikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa United Academics ndi mamembala a mabungwe omwe amaimira antchito ena ku UNM - ogwira ntchito pachipatala cha koleji, ogwira ntchito za chakudya, ophunzira omaliza maphunziro, ogwira ntchito zachitetezo ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi anthu omwe amawatcha. "smorgasbord of unions" - kumanga mgwirizano.
"Tikufuna kupanga dongosolo la khoma ndi khoma ndikugwirizanitsa zoyesayesa zathu," akutero.
Mosiyana ndi aphunzitsi a UMN, aphunzitsi aku New Jersey's Rutgers University adapangidwa kwazaka zambiri. Komabe, akhala akugwira ntchito popanda kontrakitala kwa miyezi yopitilira itatu. Rebecca Kolins Givan, pulofesa wothandizana nawo ku School of Management and Labor Relations, akuti ngakhale ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi abwereranso kusukulu, ogwira ntchito akukonzekera kale zomwe zikukula kuti atsimikizire kuti apeza mgwirizano wofanana.
"Takhala muubwenzi wopitilira komanso wopindulitsa ndi AFT ndi AAUP kuyambira koyambirira kwa 2000s," Givan adauza. Zowona. "Pakadali pano, tikuwona kufunikira kokhala ndi ndalama zambiri m'maboma apamwamba chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa anthu ogwira ntchito komanso kudalira kwambiri antchito owonjezera." Kuphatikiza apo, akuwona kufunikira koteteza ufulu wamaphunziro ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popeza mamembala 12 a gulu la Rutgers ali pagulu. Pulofesa Watchlist yopangidwa ndi gulu lamanja la Turning Point USA. Onse 12 akhala akufuna kutumizirana makalata odana, kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi komanso kunyoza anthu chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yodana ndi tsankho komanso pro-LGBTQIA+.
Ngakhale a University Faculty Senate yadzudzula mndandandawo, Givan akuda nkhawa kuti akatswiri ena atha kudziyesa okha poyesa kupewa kulengeza koyipa.
Izi zati, Givan akuti ndiwonyadira kuti gulu la Rutgers likupitilizabe kukhala mtsogoleri wa mgwirizano wamaphunziro, kulimbikitsa malipiro ofanana a ntchito zofananira, kuthandizira zoyeserera zachilungamo pazachilengedwe komanso kunja kwa sukulu, komanso kutsutsa kuwononga ndalama pamasewera. Chiwonetsero chaposachedwa pomwe gulu la mpira wamasewera omwe ali ndi mamembala 50 kuphatikiza $450,000 mumabilu a DoorDash - Malamulo 19,745 pakati pa Meyi 2021 ndi Juni 2022 - ndiye chitsanzo.
Kutsutsa izi, ndi kulimbana ndi ziwopsezo za maphunziro apamwamba kwambiri, ndithudi, zidzakhala zovuta. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zipambano zingapo zaposachedwa zantchito zamasukulu zimatchulidwa. Kunyanyala kwamasiku asanu, motsogozedwa ndi mamembala a AFT/AAUP ku Eastern Michigan University ku Ypsilanti, kudatha pakati pa Seputembala pambuyo pa 500 faculty. anayenda kusiya ntchito. Momwemonso, aphunzitsi a AFT/AAUP ku Rider College ku Lawrenceville, New Jersey, adafika. mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali pa contract yazaka zisanu, pofuna kupewa sitalaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi uno.
Randi Weingarten wa AFT amawona kupambana uku ngati zidziwitso za kupambana kwamtsogolo. "Membala aliyense wa AAUP tsopano ndi membala wa AFT," akutero. "Pamodzi, tikumenyera demokalase komanso ufulu wamaphunziro. Onse akumenyedwa. Precarity yakhala njira yopitilira masukulu m'dziko lonselo, koma anthu amamvetsetsa kufunikira kokonzekera. Amadziwa kuti tikuyesetsa kukonza madera athu ndikupanga kusintha kwabwino m'miyoyo ya anthu. "
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