Pamene Venorica Tucker anali kusukulu ya sekondale, ankagwira ntchito ngati seva mu lesitilanti ya Marriott Corporation ku Washington, D.C. Panali pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1960 ndipo malipiro ake anali masenti 66 pa ola limodzi, kuphatikizapo malangizo.
Tsopano wazaka 70, Tucker pano akutumikira chakudya ndi bartends monga makontrakitala ku U.S. House of Representatives, ndipo pamene malipiro ake akwera kwambiri pazaka 50-kuphatikizanso, nthawi zambiri amadzipeza kuti akungokhalira kudandaula.
Malipiro ake, akuti, amasiyana ndi kalendala ya Congress. “Pantchito iyi, kulibe ntchito, kulibe malipiro. Ndinali ndi vuto lalikulu pamene boma linatseka ntchito. Kumbukirani, zinatenga mwezi woposa mwezi umodzi ndipo ngakhale kuti ndinali wokhoza kupeza ndalama zolipirira ulova, kukhala wopanda ntchito kwa nthaŵi yaitali kunapangitsa kuti ndibwerere m’mbuyo pa mabilu anga. Ndimasewerabe masewerawa pakatha miyezi inayi. ”
Tucker akugogomezera kuti amagwira ntchito molimbika kwambiri ndipo amakhulupirira kuti akuyenera kulipidwa moyenera komanso kulemekezedwa, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chuma komanso nkhanza zomwe zafala kwambiri m'makampani. Ndipo si iye yekha amene anganene zinthu zofunika zimenezi.
Malinga ndi Malo Odyera Mwayi Malo United, bungwe lopanda phindu ndi malo ogwira ntchito omwe amathandiza ndi kugwirizanitsa ogwira ntchito m'malesitilanti m'dziko lonselo, anthu oposa 13 miliyoni a ku U.S., ambiri a iwo ndi akazi amtundu, amagwira ntchito m'malesitilanti. M'maboma 18, amapeza malipiro oyambira $ 2.13 pa ola limodzi ndi malangizo, malipiro ochepa omwe adatsekedwa kuyambira 1991. Mayiko makumi awiri ndi asanu ndi limodzi amalipira ndalama zochepa kwambiri, pamene asanu ndi awiri okha - Alaska, California, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, Oregon ndi Washington - amapereka zonse federal osachepera kwa amene amatipatsa chakudya tikamadya.
Izi zimasiya antchito masauzande ambiri muumphawi; ku New York City kokha, a Winter 2019 kafukufuku ochitidwa ndi Restaurant Opportunities Centers United ndi Community Service Society anapeza kuti 36 peresenti ya ogwira ntchito olipidwa omwe amalembedwa m'malo odyera, saluni ya misomali ndi ochapira magalimoto amakhala pansi kapena pansi pa mzere wa umphawi wa federal - $ 16,460 kwa banja la anthu awiri; $25,100 kwa anayi - ndipo nthawi zambiri kuposa ayi, amayenera kudalira masitampu a chakudya, khitchini ya supu ndi Medicaid.
New York si vuto. The Economic Policy Institute apezeka kuti m’maiko amene amalola kulipidwa ndalama zocheperako, 18.5 peresenti ya ogwira ntchito amakhala osauka; m’maboma kumene aliyense amapeza ndalama zochepera m’boma, umphaŵi umatsikira pa 11.1 peresenti. Komanso, Institute zolemba kuti kutseka malire mu Fair Labor Standards Act ya 1938 yomwe imalola kulipira malipiro ang'onoang'ono, ndikukweza ola limodzi kufika $15 pofika 2024, kungakweze malipiro a 38.1 peresenti ya African American ndi 23.2 peresenti ya ogwira ntchito oyera.
Thandizo la Raise the Wage Act
Ichi ndichifukwa chake Restaurant Opportunities Centers United ikuchirikiza lamulo la Raise the Wage Act, H.R.582, lamulo lothetsa malipiro ocheperako ndi kubweretsa ogwira ntchito kunthambi kuti afikire mulingo wa feduro. Biliyo idayambitsidwa ndi Bobby Scott (D-Virginia); bili ya mnzake wa Senate, S.150, idayambitsidwa ndi Bernie Sanders (I-Vermont). Restaurant Opportunities Centers United ikuthandiziranso zoyesayesa za boma kukhazikitsa zomwe akuyitanitsa One Fair Wage malamulo.
Makumi atatu ndi asanu ndi limodzi mwa anthu XNUMX aliwonse ogwira ntchito m'malo odyera, saluni ya misomali ndi kutsuka magalimoto amadalira masitampu a chakudya, khitchini ya supu ndi Medicaid.
Anthony Advincula, wogwira ntchito za boma ku Restaurant Opportunities Centers United, akunena kuti maiko 16 akuganizira za malipiro a One Fair Wage, koma akutsindika kuti kutsutsa kwa National Restaurant Association - yotchedwa "ena NRA” — wakhala wowopsa.
"Ngati zitachitika, HR.582 ingalepheretse kukhazikitsidwa kwa ntchito zatsopano, kuvulaza mosayenera kwa eni mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono mdziko muno, ndikuvulaza omwe akuti athandiza," Mneneri wa National Restaurant Association Mollie O'Dell adalemba mu imelo kwa. Zowona.
Nzosadabwitsa kuti Restaurant Opportunities Centers United ikutsutsa. "Apanga bungwe labodza, lotchedwa Restaurant Workers of America, kuti libweretse mantha kuti malo odyera atsekedwa ndipo ntchito zidzachotsedwa," akutero Advincula. “Chowonadi n’chakuti bungweli silikufuna kuthetsa malipiro ochepa chifukwa liwawonongera. Koma iyi ndi nkhani yokhudza tsankho komanso jenda. Ambiri mwa ogwira ntchito amene amawadyera masuku pamutu chifukwa cha malipiro ochepa amene amalipidwa ndi anthu ochokera m’mayiko ena, amitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso amayi olera ana omwe ali paumphaŵi ngakhale kuti amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse.”
Komanso, kuzama kufufuza ndi Kubwereza Kwa Journalism imatsimikizira kuti Restaurant Workers of America imalandira ndalama zonse ndi eni malo odyera. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti oyimilira ake adaphonya mwayi wochepa wowonekera ndi "magulu ogulitsa malo odyera komanso ndale zaku Republican" kuyambira pomwe adakumana mu 2017.
Mgwirizano waukulu waufulu wa amayi, magulu achilungamo ogwira ntchito ndi mitundu adasonkhana mu 2016 kuthandizira One Fair Wage.
Izi zati, National Restaurant Association and Restaurant Workers of America yakhala ikugwira bwino ntchito pakuchepetsa kampeni ya One Fair Wage ku New York, Michigan ndi Washington, D.C.
Ku New York, Advincula akuti, Gov. Andrew Cuomo ali ndi mphamvu zolangiza Commissioner of Labor kuti athetse malipiro ochepa - zomwe adanena kuti akufuna kuchita. Zisanu ndi ziwiri kumvetsera pa nkhaniyi kunachitika m'madera osiyanasiyana a boma pakati pa April ndi June 2018. "Chilichonse chinakhazikitsidwa kuti chisinthe koma Cuomo sanakwaniritse lonjezo lake," Advincula akusimba. “Nkhaniyo ikuwoneka kuti yayimilira. Talankhulana ndi bwanamkubwa mobwerezabwereza kunena kuti akuyenera kumvera ambiri ogwira ntchito kumalo odyera. M'malo mwake, wamvetsera ku Restaurant Workers of America ndi National Restaurant Association. Kampeni yawo yakhala yodabwitsa. Ndizonyansa kumva ogwira ntchito m'malesitilanti akutsutsa kuti ayi, safunikira kuwonjezeredwa kwa malipiro ochepa, kuti zinthu zili bwino momwe zilili. Tikuganiza kuti ndichifukwa chake Cuomo wasiya zomwe adalonjeza kuti athetse [malipiro] ochepa. ”
Diana Ramirez ndi woyimira mfundo zazikulu ku Restaurant Opportunities Centers United, koma, mpaka posachedwapa, adatsogolera Washington, D.C., mutu wa bungwe ndikugwirizanitsa ntchito yovota ya chaka chatha kuti abweretse One Fair Wage ku District of Columbia. Pamene ndawala ikuchitika, chaputala cha DC cha Restaurant Opportunities Centers United chinalimbikitsa nkhanza zachipongwe m'mafakitale - komanso malipiro osakwanira - popeza ogwira ntchito omwe malipiro awo amadalira maupangiri nthawi zambiri amakhala chete pamene akulimbana ndi adani. khalidwe. “Chiŵerengero cha kuchitiridwa nkhanza kwa ogwira ntchito m’malesitilanti ndichokwera kwambiri kuposa makampani onse,” iye akutero. "Maganizo akuti 'makasitomala amakhala olondola nthawi zonse' apangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwa ogwira ntchito omwe amadalira kuwolowa manja kwa makasitomala."
Mgwirizano waukulu wamagulu omenyera ufulu wa amayi, ntchito ndi chilungamo chamtundu adasonkhana mu 2016 kuti athandizire One Fair Wage - mamembala amgwirizano adachokera ku mutu wa DC wa National Organisation for Women, kupita ku Forward Together, Alianza Nacional de Campesinas, Democratic Socialists. ya America, ndi Ayuda United For Justice. Cholinga chake chinali kuyika muyeso wa One Fair Wage - wotchedwa Initiative 77 - pa voti ya Julayi 2018.
Restaurant Opportunities Centers United ikugwira ntchito yowonjezereka kuti ithane ndi zabodza zomwe zimakankhidwa ndi magulu a zakuthambo monga Restaurant Workers of America.
Kutsutsa kochokera ku Restaurant Workers of America ndi National Restaurant Association kudachitika posachedwa. "Anapeza antchito, makamaka amuna achizungu omwe amagwira ntchito m'malo apamwamba, kuti azikalipira akazi amtundu kulikonse komwe tikupita," Ramirez adauza. Wopanda. "Ndizochita za Trumpian: mwanjira ina mukamachita bwino zindipangitsa kuti ndivutike."
Kunyalanyaza Zofuna za Community
Ngakhale kukankhira kumbuyo, a Ntchito yovota ku Washington, D.C., adapambana ndi 56 peresenti ya mavoti, ndipo ovota m'madera onse kupatulapo amodzi adathandizira One Fair Wage. Koma chipambanocho chinali chosakhalitsa. Ramirez akuwonetsa kuti voti itatha, bungwe la odyera lidalowa m'malo okwera ndikukakamiza a DC City Council kuti asinthe.
"Khonsolo idauza anthu akuda, anthu ambiri ku D.C., kuti kuvota kwawo kunalibe kanthu," akufotokoza Ramirez. “Anthu anakwiya kwambiri ndipo voti itathetsedwa, kuchuluka kwa chilungamo chaufuko ndi magulu ochirikiza demokalase kunabwera ku Restaurant Opportunities Centers United ndi kunena kuti, ‘Tikufuna kugwirira ntchito limodzi nanu kuteteza demokalase.’”
Referendumu pankhaniyi tsopano ili pamaso pa makhothi. "Zitha kutenga chaka, mpaka kumapeto kwa 2019 kapena koyambirira kwa 2020," akutero Ramirez, "koma ichi sichinthu chomwe tisiya. Tikupitiriza kukonzekera One Fair Wage. Ndilo tsogolo la malo odyera, kaya akonda kapena ayi. "
Ambiri mwa anthu ogwira ntchito m'malesitilanti omwe amangokhalira kukumana ndi mavuto azachuma.
Nkhondo yofananayi ikuchitika ku Michigan. "Anthu ambiri aku Michigan omwe ali m'mafakitale odyera - opumira komanso osapumira - amapeza ndalama zosakwana $ 12 pa ola," Wachiwiri kwa Director Alicia Farris wochokera kunthambi ya Michigan ya Restaurant Opportunities Centers United akuyamba. "Tikulankhula za makolo ndi ana. Popeza tikudziwa kuti ana omwe akukula muumphawi amayamba ndi chipereŵero, tinagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti tipeze One Fair Wage pa voti ya 2018. " Farris akuti Restaurant Opportunities Centers United adasonkhanitsa mazana odzipereka kuti atole siginecha 253,000 yofunikira ndi Board of State Canvassers ndipo ngakhale zinali zovuta kuchokera ku National Restaurant Association, adapeza mwayi wobweretsa nkhaniyi kwa ovota aku Michigan.
Kenako panachitika chinthu chosayembekezeka. Pa Seputembara 5, 2018, nyumba yamalamulo ya boma idapereka One Fair Wage. "Msonkhano wa bakha wopunduka udayamba tsiku lotsatira Tsiku Lachisankho ndipo udatha Khrisimasi isanakwane," akutero Farris. "Zinadziwika kuti nyumba yamalamulo idapereka [One Fair Wage] kuti ithetse." Malinga ndi mutu waku Michigan wa Restaurant Opportunities Centers United, gawo la bakha lopunduka lidavota kuti likweze ndalama zochepera m'boma mochulukira, osafika $12.05 pa ola mpaka 2030. ola limodzi, kuyambira $3.52 mpaka $3.59, yogwira ntchito pa Marichi 29 chaka chino. Muyeso woyambirira udakweza ndalama zochepa kuchokera pa $3.52 mpaka $12 pofika 2024.
An Mkonzi in USA Today akufotokozanso kuti: "Poyang'anizana ndi zoyeserera zomwe zikanakweza malipiro ochepa ndikukhazikitsa nthawi yodwala kwa onse ogwira ntchito m'boma, a Republican adapereka malingaliro onse awiri chilimwe chatha monga njira yowalepheretsa kuvotera ndikuwapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kusintha."
Makhothi ali pano kuganizira ngati ganizo la 1964 loletsa nyumba ya malamulo kuti "isinthe" ndondomeko yokhazikitsidwa ndi nzika mu gawo la malamulo lomwelo" lidzagwira ntchito.
Panthawiyi, Farris akunena kuti mamembala a Restaurant Opportunities Centers United akupitiriza kulankhula ndi aphungu, akugwira ntchito ya Get Out the Vote ndi kuphunzitsa anthu za ndondomeko ya malamulo. "Mungadabwe kuti ndi anthu angati omwe sadziwa tanthauzo la bakha wolumala," akutero, ndikuzindikira kuti chifukwa antchito ambiri odyera amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yofufuza mozama mfundo zandale, vuto lokonzekera ndi lalikulu. “Anthu amachita mantha munthu wonyengerera akabwera n’kuwauza kuti kusiya malipiro ocheperako kungachititse kuti ntchito ithe. Koma ndichifukwa chake mutu waku Michigan wa Restaurant Opportunities Centers United ukugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali kuthana ndi zabodza zomwe zimakankhidwa ndi magulu a zakuthambo ngati Restaurant Workers of America.
Ogwira Ntchito Akupitiriza Kugwiriridwa
Pakadali pano, ambiri mwa ogwira ntchito m'malesitilanti omwe akuyembekezeredwa kupitilirabe kukumana ndi mavuto azachuma. Trupti Patel wakhala seva ya Washington, D.C.-dera kwa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi zapitazi. “Mamanejala ambiri odyera ku U.S. ndi azungu,” akutero Patel. Ngati akuona kuti akunyansidwa nanu, kapena ngati simunalumphe pamene amakukopani, mutha kukhala ndi masinthidwe osokonekera kapena siteshoni yomwe mulibe magalimoto ambiri. Patel akukhulupirira kuti kuthetsedwa kwa malipiro ochepa kumachepetsa izi. “Ndalama zimene amapeza m’malesitilanti zimasinthasintha; sizikukhazikika koma mabilu athu ndi osakhazikika,” akupitiliza. “United States ndi dziko lokhalo padziko lapansi kumene kuchereza alendo sikumaonedwa ngati ntchito. Sindilandira inshuwaransi yazaumoyo ngakhale ndimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Ndimalipira $423 pamwezi kuchokera mthumba. Ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale omwe sali olipidwa amakhala ndi malipiro omwe angayembekezere, zopindulitsa zopuma pantchito, inshuwaransi yazaumoyo komanso nthawi yolipira. Izi sizimaperekedwa kawirikawiri mu malonda ochereza alendo. "
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