I-Indian Left yasinda, yaze yanweba nethonya layo, ngemva kokuwa kwe-socialism yesitayela samaSoviet. Nokho ngonyaka owodwa ikuchithile lokhu futhi yalimaza kakhulu ukwethembeka kwayo njengamandla akhulumela abantulayo, abashiywe ngaphandle, futhi aphakamisa amagugu nezinqubo zentando yeningi ebandakanya wonke umuntu.
I-Indian Left iye onyakeni owodwa ukwazile ukwenza ngezenzo zayo lokho bonke abamelene nayo abakwazanga ukukufeza eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili ubude: okuwukuthi, ukulimaza ukwethembeka kwayo njengebutho elikhulumela abampofu, abashiywe ngaphandle kanye nabahluphekayo emhlabeni wamaNdiya. , futhi ephakamisa amagugu nezinqubo zentando yeningi ebandakanya wonke umuntu. Lokhu kubonakala kahle ezifundazweni ezimbili ezinkulu lapho ibusa khona: iWest Bengal, futhi kancane, iKerala.
ENtshonalanga Bengal, i-2007 yabona ukutholwa komhlaba ngendluzula kwemboni yezimoto e-Singur, iziqephu ezimbili ezihleliwe zodlame oluhlomile e-Nandigram, ukufa kwendlala phakathi kwabasebenzi basengadini yetiye asebenesikhathi eside bengasebenzi e-Jalpaiguri kanye ne-Adivasis empofu e-Purulia nase-Bankura.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, kube nezibhelu zokudla ezifundeni eziyisishiyagalolunye ezimelene nabanikazi bezitolo abakhohlakele abaxhumene neCommunist Party of India (Marxist), ukufa okungaqondakali kukaRizvanur Rehman phakathi kweqembu lamaphoyisa namabhizinisi, kanye nokuxoshwa kombhali uTaslima Nasreen esikhundleni seqembu. ukuvikela okunesimiso kwamalungelo akhe ayisisekelo enkululekweni yenkolelo nokukhuluma.
U-2007 kwakungewona unyaka ojwayelekile. Kwaphawula iminyaka engu-30 eqhubekayo yokubusa kweLeft Front eNtshonalanga Bengalโisikhathi esingenakuqhathaniswa eNdiya futhi mhlawumbe nasemhlabeni. Ayikho enye indawo lapho amaqembu amaKhomanisi aye agunyazwa khona okhethweni olukhululekile nolungenzeleli lokubusa izwe noma isifundazwe esilingana neWest Bengal (pop 80 million) iminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Lokhu kuwukuhlonipha ukubaluleka kwepolitiki yophiko lwesokunxele.
E-Kerala, i-Left Democratic Front yabusa ngeningi elimangalisayo, kodwa manje ibhekene nethemba elifiphele ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezingxabano ezibucayi ngaphakathi kwe-CPM, kanye nengcindezi evela kuNobhala wezwe weqembu u-Pinarayi Vijayan ukuba alandele izinqubomgomo ze-neoliberal esekela abacebile. ukucekela phansi iningi labantu.
Iphunga lomhlonizo libole kakhulu e-Kerala, ngemikhonyovu yelotho, isithandwa sisebenzelana nosomabhizinisi abanohlonze, nokudliwa kwe-Adivasis. Okhethweni oluzayo lwe-Lok Sabha, i-LDF ingase ilahlekelwe yinqwaba yezihlalo eziphethe.
Kuzwelonke, amaqembu angakwesokunxele, ahlanganisa i-CPM, Iqembu LamaKhomanisi lase-India, i-Forward Bloc kanye ne-Revolutionary Socialist Party, azoncipha ekumeleleni kwawo ephalamende, futhi okubaluleke nakakhulu, ithonya lawo lokuziphatha nezombusazwe. I-CPM cishe izothinteka kakhulu.
Lokhu kungahlehlisa inkambiso eyathatha ishumi nengxenye leminyaka lapho iNxele lasinda ngaphansi kokuwohloka kwamazwe ngamazwe kwesitayela sokusebenzelana kwabantu baseSoviet, lagcina ingxenye enkulu yenhloko-dolobha yalo yokuziphatha nokuhlakanipha, futhi ezimweni eziningi, landisa ithonya laloโlidelela ukuthambekela. ubheke ekuwohlokeni kwepolitiki ye-Left-wing kanye ne-Right ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Latin America.
Ikhohlo, noma i-CPM ikakhulukazi, ayinalo isu lokuxazulula inkinga yemibono, yezepolitiki, neyenhlangano ebhekene nayo. Iqiniso elisobala ukuthi i-Indian Left iyancipha kancane kancane ukuchaza umbono wenkululeko yomphakathi futhi yethule ezinye izindlela zokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke okuholwa yizinkampani nakho konke ukungalingani okukhulu kwezomnotho kanye nokuhlanekezelwa komphakathi. Abakwesobunxele kufanele bacabange kabushaโnoma babhubhe.
Izimpumelelo zakwesokunxele akumele zibukezwe phansi. Okukhulu kunakho konke kuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa komhlaba, irekhodi elingenasici lokuzwana komphakathi nokuthula, ukubusa okuzinzile, okuhlanzekile uma kuqhathaniswa, izikhungo ze-panchayati raj, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukubusa kwezombusazwe kanye nokunika amandla uquqaba. Ayikho enye inkathi yezombangazwe engasho ukuthi isekela amasiko nezimiso zentando yeningi. Ukube iLeft belingekho eNdiya, bekuzomele silisungule!
ENtshonalanga Bengal, i-Operation Barga yanikeza abalimi abayizigidi ezingu-2.3 amalungelo okuqasha, futhi ilandisa ngaphezu kwengxenye yehektare ephelele edluliselwe ngaphansi kokuguqulwa komhlaba waseNdiya. Umbuso ubuye wabona ukwanda ngamaphesenti angama-210 kwabakwazi ukufunda nokubhala kanye nokuncipha kokushona kwezingane. Isilinganiso sobumpofu basemadolobheni sehle safinyelela kumaphesenti ayi-14.8, ngaphansi kakhulu kwesilinganiso sikazwelonke (amaphesenti angama-25.7).
Nokho, irekhodi le-Front kwezinye izici libi, njengoba โUmbiko Wokuthuthukiswa Kwabantuโ (2004) osemthethweni uvuma. Ukusetshenziswa kwemali komphakathi kanye nokufinyelela ezinsizeni zezempilo kumile. Ezinye izinkombaโukugoma, ukunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe, ukudla okunomsoco phakathi kwabesifazane, nenani lodokotela nemibhede yasesibhedlela ngelakh ngayinyeโzingaphansi kwesilinganiso sikazwelonke. I-West Bengal ayizange ivule nesisodwa isikhungo sezempilo esiyisisekelo esisha eminyakeni eyishumi.
Ubumpofu basemaphandleni behla phakathi kuka-1983 no-1993-94 ngenani lonyaka lamaphesenti angu-2.24. Kepha ukwehla kwehle kwaba ngamaphuzu ayi-1.15 ngonyaka. Ukwenza izinto zibe nzima, i-W. Bengal inenani eliphansi kakhulu lokukhiqiza umsebenzi ngaphansi kwe-National Rural Employment Guarantee Actโizinsuku nje zabantu eziyi-14 emndenini ompofu ngamunye, uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sikazwelonke sabangu-43, esikhundleni sezinsuku eziyi-100 ezithenjisiwe ngonyaka.
Okubi nakakhulu, ngokweNational Sample Survey (61st Round), โiphesenti lemizi yasemaphandleni elingakutholi ukudla okwanele nsuku zonke ezinyangeni ezithile zonyakaโ liphakeme kakhulu eNtshonalanga Bengal (amaphesenti angu-10.6), libi kakhulu kunase-Orissa (4.8).
Inkomba ethusayo isibalo sabafundi abashiya isikole abaneminyaka engu-6-14. Ku-9.61 lakhs eNtshonalanga Bengal, lezi zibalo ziphakeme kakhulu kune-Bihar (6.96 lakhs). Ezifundeni zaseNdiya ezingama-24 ezinezingane ezingaphezu kuka-50,000 ezingafundi, eziyi-9 ziseNtshonalanga Bengal.
Okunye futhi okumnyama ukwehluleka kwe-Front ukufakwa maqondana nezinkolo ezincane. AmaSulumane akha amaphesenti angama-25.2 wabantu bombuso. Kepha ingxenye yabo ekuqashweni kukahulumeni ingamaphesenti angama-2.1 abi, iphansi ngisho nangaphezu kuka-5.4 kaGujarat. Lokhu kumele, ngokudabukisayo, ububi berekhodi le-LF lokuvikela abantu abambalwa odlameni lomphakathi.
Ngokusobala, iWest Bengal inendlela ende okufanele iyihambe ngaphambi kokuba ibe yimodeli. Ngokudabukisayo, izinto ezibekwe eqhulwini ubuholi balo sezishintshele ku-elitism. Manje ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngezindleko zabalimi nabasebenzi. Ibeke umqondo wayo kumaphrojekthi we-neoliberal afana nefekthri yezimoto i-Singur kanye ne-Special Economic Zones.
Imiphumela ye-neoliberal orientation yabonakala ku-Nandigram ngo-March futhi futhi engxenyeni yokuqala kaNovemba, lapho i-CPM "ithumba" ngenkani amabhulokhi amabili, lapho ilahlekelwe khona ukulawula.
Inqwaba yabantu baseNandigramโokuhlanganisa nabalandeli abaningi be-CPMโbacasukele iqembu ngoba lizame ukubaphoqa i-SEZ, eyayibhekwe iqembu lase-Indonesia likaSalimโingaphambili lomndeni kaGeneral Suharto onenkohlakalo kakhulu.
Uhlelo lwe-SEZ lwashiywa okwesikhashana ngaphansi kokumelana okudumile, okuholwa (kodwa hhayi kuphela) yiKomidi le-Bhumi Ucched Pratirodh. Kepha i-CPM yaqala umkhankaso wokwesabisa abantu abajwayelekile, yaguqula izinkulungwane zaba ababaleki, nokwaholela ngoMashi 14 ekuhlaselweni okunokubulala kwamadolobhana, okuhambisana nokushiswa kwempahla, ukuphanga nokudlwengulwa.
Umzamo wehlulekile. Ukungqubuzana kwe-CPM-BUPC kuqhubekile ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula, futhi ingcindezi ikhule yokubiza ku-Central Reserve Police Force. Ukuze kuxazululwe kusengaphambili ukungenelela kwe-CRPF, izinhlaka ze-CPM zethule isicelo sazo sesibili โsokuthwebulaโ i-Nandigram, beyenza โindawo yempiโ. Okunye umlando.
Ungqongqoshe Omkhulu u-Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee wethula udlame njengokungqubuzana okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwezinhlangano ezimbili, lapho i-BUPC โyakhokhelwa ngayo uhlamvu lwemali olufanayoโ. Eqinisweni, leli kwakuyicala elicacile lokuhlukunyezwa kwamaphoyisa kahulumeni, kanye nokuthobela kwawo i-CPM. I-CPM iphathe izitha zayo zezombusazwe njengezitha zelinye izwe.
Lokhu akuphikisi ukuthi i-BUPC ayinawo ama-goons ezinhlwini zayoImpela inakho. Kepha amandla abo abengeke afane namandla ama-CPM ahlomile asekelwa umbuso.
I-Nandigram-II yayiyiphutha elibi, elakhaphela indawo eyinhloko ye-Front. Akukho mpikiswano mayelana "nokucasulwa" ngabaphikisi, noma "uzungu" phakathi Kwesokudla kanye Nesokunxele Okudlulele, okungathethelela ukudutshulwa kwabalimi abangenacala.
Ngeshwa, ubuholi be-CPM bufunde izifundo ezimbalwa ku-Nandigram. Ihlala igxile ku-GDP-ism futhi izishaya isifuba ngokuthi i-W Bengal inokukhula okuphezulu kakhulu (amaphesenti angu-8.55) kuzo zonke izifundazwe. Ikhiphe isinqumo sokuthi akukho ukucabanga kabusha ngezinqubomgomo ze-neoliberal. Ngisho noNobhala Jikelele we-CPM u-Prakash Karat uthi: โkufanele sithathe i-industrializationโฆ.kumele siyekethise. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ngeke kufezeke ngaphandle kosizo lonxiwankulu abafana namaTatas.โ
Le ndlela idala ukungezwani, okokuqala ngqa, ngaphakathi kwe-LF futhi isongela ukwenza buthaka amandla ayo eqoqo: ubumbano. Indlela yokwenza ingase igcine iguqule Kwesokunxele kube inhlangano ehlonishwayo, Yentando Yeninginingi ethandwa abantu abacebile nabaphakathi. Lokho akukwazi ukuba ikusasa Lesokunxele njengamandla asebenzayo futhi afanele we-plebeian.
I-CPM kufanele inqume ukuthi kufanele ilwele izinguquko ezinqala kwezenhlalo, noma imane iphathe ubunxiwankulu ngendlela yamaShayina, nokho ngokwethembeka. Uma ikhetha inketho yesibili, izongena ekwehleni okungokomlando. Kumelwe futhi yenze ikhefu eliwujuqu nesiko lenhlangano elingenademokhrasi elizuze njengefa, elijezisa ukuhlubuka futhi likhuthaze isimo sengqondo sokuthi โiqembu lami-okulungile-noma-okungalungileโ. Ngaphandle kwalapho i-Left yenza ukuzigxeka okunonya, ayikwazi ukwenza ukulungiswa kwesifundo.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela