Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu edlulileyo, UCongressman Jair Bolsonaro wayengumntu ogqwethekileyo kwezopolitiko zaseBrazil, ezaziwa kakhulu izicaphulo ezingaqhelekanga, ezicaphukisayo ngabom apho wanikela imbeko kwabona bathuthumbisi badumileyo bolawulo lomkhosi wowe-1964-1985, ehlala ebhengeza ubhukuqo-mbuso luka-1964 “njengokhuselo lwedemokhrasi,” uxelele ibhinqa elingugxa wobusoshiyali kwiCongress ukuba wayembi kakhulu ukuba "angafanelanga" ukudlwengulwa kwakhe, ubhengeze ukuba angathanda ukufunda ukuba unyana wakhe usweleke kwingozi yemoto kunokuba wayeyindoda, kwaye wathi wakhulelwa intombi emva kokuba enoonyana abane kuphela ngenxa "yexesha ubuthathaka.” (NgoSeptemba ophelileyo, wasebenzisa iGoogle ukuguqulela i-epithet yaseBrazil ye-LGBTs ukuba, eneneni, ndibize fagot on Twitter).
Imiyalelo yakhe yomgaqo-nkqubo yayigqwetheka ngakumbi. Imithombo yeendaba yaseNtshona ihlala imbiza ngokuba “yiTrump yaseBrazil” kodwa loo nto ayichanekanga, ibeka ityala ngobuninzi obuninzi. Ngomoya, umbono, kunye nembali yobuqu, uBolsonaro - owayesakuba nguKapteni woMkhosi ngexesha lolawulo lobuzwilakhe lwasemkhosini lweminyaka engama-21 yaseBrazil - usondele kakhulu kuMongameli wasePhilippine uRodrigo Duterte okanye uzwilakhe jikelele wase-Egypt u-Adel El-Sisi kunoTrump.
Esona sisombululo sakhe siphambili kubhubhani wolwaphulo-mthetho esizweni kukukhulula amajoni namapolisa kumatyotyombe esizwe kwaye abanike into ayibiza ngokuba “yi-carte blanche” ukuba babulale ngokungakhethiyo nabani na abarhanela ukuba uzaphuli-mthetho, bevuma ukuba abaninzi abamsulwa baya kubhubha kule nkqubo. Ugxeke izilo ezikhulu ezifana nePinochet yaseChile kunye neFujimori yasePeru – ngokungaxheleli abachasi abaninzi basekhaya. Uye wakhuthaza ukuba kubulawe abezopolitiko baseBrazil. Ufuna ukuthenwa ngemichiza abaphuli-mthetho ngokwesondo. Kuzo zonke iinkalo, ubuzwilakhe obubi bomkhosi waseBrazil owathatha iBrazil waza wayilawula iminyaka eyi-21 - ethuthumbisa kwaye ebulala ngokukhawuleza abaphikisi, ngenkxaso ye-US kunye ne-UK egameni lokulwa namaKomanisi - ngumzekelo wakhe wolawulo.
Ngenxa yolonyulo lwelizwe olumangalisayo phezolo eBrazil, uJair Bolsonaro uguqulwe ngoko nangoko esuka kwi-clown ecatshangelwayo waba ngoyena mntu ulawulayo kubomi bezopolitiko belizwe. U-Bolsonaro ngokwakhe uwile nje ukuphumelela i-50% efunekayo ukuze aphumelele ubongameli ngaphandle kokubaleka.
Kodwa unikwe umda woloyiso, unjalo intandokazi enkulu ukuphumelela ngo-Oktobha 28 ngokuchasene umgqatswa kwindawo yesibini, ex-São Paulo Mayor Fernando Haddad. U-Haddad ngowangaphambili wayengaziwayo, owakhethwa ngesandla esikhundleni sokuthanjiswa nguLula, owayesakuba nguMongameli owayesele enamaxesha amabini ekhokela lonke uvoto de wagwetywa ngezityholo zorhwaphilizo ezithandabuzekayo waze wavalelwa entolongweni ngokukhawuleza ukuze athintele ukugqalwa kwakhe, emva koko wathuliswa lilungelo laseBrazil. -iphiko lenkundla elinothotho lwemiyalelo yothintelo lwangaphambili oluthintela onke amajelo eendaba ekubeni enze udliwanondlebe naye.
I-Bolsonaro iphumelele kunye namaqela amaninzi abantu. Kwiphondo laseRio de Janeiro, I-Bolsonaro iphumelele i-60% eyothusayo kuzo zonke iivoti ezifakiweyo, ukuphumelela kuzo zonke ingingqi kunye nesithili, uninzi lungaphezu kwama-50% eevoti ezifakiweyo.
Kodwa ubungakanani bamandla amatsha kaBolsonaro adlulela ngaphaya kokunyuka kwakhe kumongameli. Iqela lakhe, kwanabo bamanyene nalo, balitshayela lonke ilizwe ngemida eyothusayo.
Omnye woonyana bakaBolsonaro, uEduardo (ukuthanda ukunxiba izikipa zeMossad, ekunene), waphinda wanyulwa kwi-Federal Congress esuka eSão Paulo ngenani elikhulu leevoti ezifunyenwe nguye nawuphi na umgqatswa weCongressional kwimbali yelizwe. Omnye woonyana bakhe, ummeli weRio State uFlavio (ochazwe ngasentla, kunye noyise, emva kokuvota izolo), wanyulwa kwi-Federal Senate esuka eRio de Janeiro ngomda omkhulu.
Eyona nto yayisothusa kakhulu yayikukuba idatha yovoto yaseBrazil yayingachanekanga ngokwesiqhelo, ingaphantsi koqikelelo lwamaza asekunene ngobungakanani obukhulu kangangokuba ekunzima ukuyichaza ngamagama. Thatha, umzekelo, ugqatso lweRhuluneli yaseRio de Janeiro, apho uvoto lweenyanga lubonise umntu ohamba phambili ocacileyo ukuba ngowayesakuba nguSodolophu waseRio uEduardo Paes, owayesakuba nguSodolophu waseRio ngo-2014. Emva kokwenza umdibaniso omkhulu wamaqela amaninzi oluhlobo ebeluqinisekise uloyiso ngokwesiko, uPaes bekulindeleke ukuba agqibezele kugqatso, aze athumele ngokulula, owayesakuba yintshatsheli yebhola ekhatywayo yaseBrazil (kunye noSenator ogqwethekileyo ngoku) uRomário.
Umgqatswa we-gubernatorial kwiqela le-Bolsonaro yayingumntu ogama linguWilson Witzel, umantyi ongacacanga nongaziwayo ongazange abambe i-ofisi yonyulo yalo naluphi na uhlobo. U-Witzel uqale engakhange afumane nkxaso, kwaye ne-poll yokugqibela imbonise kwi-17%, esemva kakhulu kwi-Paes. Phezolo, ugqithise amanani akhe okuvota ngamanqaku ama-24 – etyumza uPaes, ogqibe nge-19% kuphela, kwaye ngoku ungoyena uthandwayo kumdlalo wokubaleka. Ukuva amaza othusayo kunye nokuphazamiseka okukhukula kwihlabathi lezopolitiko eBrazil, thelekisa nje inani lokugqibela lokuvota likaWitzel ukusuka kusuku nje oluphambi konyulo (ngasekhohlo) ukuya kwezona ziphumo phezolo (ngasekunene). Jonga itshathi Apha.
Phezolo, u-Amorim akanyulwanga nje ukuba abe kwiNdlu kaRhulumente eRio, kodwa ebengoyena mgqatswa uvotelwe kakhulu kweli lizwe. Omnye umgqatswa olungelelaniswe neBolsonaro owanyuselwa apho, uDaniel Silveira, igosa eliphethe amapolisa asemkhosini waseBrazil, wonyulwa kwiNkongolo yoMbutho. Umntu unokubhala amawakawaka amazwi malunga neengxelo ezothusayo ngokulinganayo kunye nezenzo zabaviwa abaninzi abathe phezolo abaphumelelanga nje kuphela kodwa baphumelela ngezigunyaziso ezoyikekayo.
Ngamafutshane, akunakwenzeka ukogqitha inqanaba lezoyikiso elibekwe kwidemokhrasi kunye namalungelo oluntu kwilizwe lesihlanu elinabantu abaninzi kwihlabathi ngenxa yonyulo lwaphezolo. Kwaye ngokungafaniyo e-US okanye e-UK, enamaziko edemokhrasi amadala, awomeleleyo, asele emiselwe ixesha elide anokunciphisa ukugqithisela kunye nokuxhatshazwa okubi kakhulu kwe-demagogues kunye ne-authoritarians, iBrazil ayinayo loo nto. Ukunyuka kwiingxaki ezininzi - ukuminxa ukungalingani kwezoqoqosho, i ubhubhani wobundlobongela obubi ngakumbi kunemimandla emininzi yemfazwe, kunye nehlazo lorhwaphilizo eligqugqisayo kangangokuba losulele undoqo phantse kuwo onke amaqela alawulayo - eli lizwe elingenakho ukukwazi ukumisela imida kwinto efunwa nguBolsonaro.
Yongeza koko ulutsha olupheleleyo lwedemokhrasi yaseBrazil - kuphela iminyaka engama-33 ubudala: ukulingana okwethutyana kwe-US ngo-1820 okanye kunjalo - kwaye kulula ngokumangalisayo ukuba nombono wokubuyela ngokukhawuleza kulawulo lomkhosi olubeke ubugwenxa obuninzi kumacandelo amaninzi abemi. Ukuba konke oku kungeniswe kwidemokhrasi kufanele ukuba, kodwa akusayi kuba lolunye uphawu olulumkisayo kwiidemokhrasi zasentshona ezijongene namandla afanayo, nangona wona aqhubeka ngokuthe ngcembe.
Ukuqinisekisa - njengoko kunjalo ngoTrump, iBrexit, kunye nokunyuka kwamaphiko e-right-extremism kulo lonke elaseYurophu - abanye abambalwa babavoti beBolsonaro bakhuthazwa bubucalucalulo, ubuhlanga, i-anti-LGBT animus, inzondo kubemi bomthonyama, kunye nobulungisa. ingqumbo yesizwe ngokubanzi efuna i-scapegoats kwingxaki yabo. Kodwa ezininzi, mhlawumbi uninzi, azikho ezo zinto.
Uninzi, endaweni yoko, luqhutywa zizikhalazo ezisemthethweni ezibhekiselele kudidi olulawulayo oluye lwabasilela kuwo onke amanqanaba, olubonakalisa ukungakhathali ukuba asikuko ukukujongela phantsi ukubandezeleka nokuphelelwa lithemba, abathi babeke ityala, ngokufuthi ngesizathu esilungileyo, ngokumisela imigaqo-nkqubo ethi baye batshabalalisa ikamva labo ngoxa besala ukwamkela nayiphi na imbopheleleko ngoko. Kwaye xa eso sikhokelo samkelwe, nayiphi na yaqonda Utshaba lolo didi lulawulayo luba ngumhlobo wabo, okanye ubuncinci umntu onezibhambathiso zentshabalalo ezinomtsalane ngakumbi kunezibhambathiso zokugcina inkqubo abayicekisayo ngokufanelekileyo (inyani yeyokuba uBolsonaro (onjengoTrump), kunye nomqeqeshi wakhe wezoqoqosho we-neoliberal oqeqeshwe eChicago, uya kuthi. ukusebenzela umdla wezoqoqosho kwesi siseko ngokuzinikela okukhulu ngeendleko zabavoti bakhe bodidi lwabasebenzi, kodwa imbono ye-animus yakhe echasene nokusekwa yeyona nto ibalulekileyo).
Indlela yokusabela esemgangathweni ebusweni bokukhula kwe-demagogues njengoBolsonaro kukugxeka abo babaxhasayo, ukubabiza ngamagama, ukubagculela, ukubafundisa ngokungcwele ukuba ukhetho lwabo lolwakudala, lubuyela umva, abanalwazi kwaye alukho mthethweni. Oko kusebenza kuphela ngakumbi ekwandiseni amandla.
Njengoko mna wabhala emva kokumiselwa kweBrexit, yaye emva koko emva kokoyisa kukaTrump, ngaphandle kokuba kwaye de iiklasi zokusekwa kweedemokhrasi zehlabathi ziqalise ukuyeka ukugxeka wonke umntu kwaye endaweni yoko sizigxeke ngokunzulu, siza kuba neeBrexits ezininzi kunye neeTrumps - kunye nezimbi kakhulu. Njengoko ndibhale ngoJuni, i-2016, emva kokuba iBrexit idlulile:
Kunokuba bavume kwaye balungise iziphene ezisisiseko ezingaphakathi kubo, [amaqela aseka imibutho] anikela amandla awo ekudambiseni amaxhoba orhwaphilizo lwawo, konke oko ukuze anike ezo zikhalazo ngokufanelekileyo aze ngaloo ndlela azikhulule kuxanduva lokuzilungisa ngendlela enentsingiselo. Loo ndlela yokusabela inceda kuphela ukuxhasa, ukuba ayithetheleli, iimbono ezivuselelayo zokuba la maziko aphakamileyo athanda ukuzingca ngokungenathemba, ayityhefu yaye ayonakalisa yaye ngaloo ndlela akanakuguqulwa kodwa kunoko amele atshatyalaliswe. Oko, kuqinisekisa kuphela ukuba kuya kubakho iiBrexits ezininzi, kunye neeTrumps, kwikamva lethu elidibeneyo.
Ngelishwa kubantu abazizigidi ezingama-210 abahlala eBrazil, unyulo lwaphezolo lube ngomnye wemizekelo ecacileyo neyoyikekayo yesi sindululo.
Kodwa ayisayi kuba yeyokugqibela, okanye eyona imbi. Konke kuyinxalenye yendlela yehlabathi, ejongela phantsi iidemokhrasi zenkululeko, eziphenjelelwa kukusilela kwazo, ezingenasiphelo. Ngokuchaseneyo noko: imeko ibonakala ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nentshukumo efanayo yelizwe ngalinye isondla kwaye isomelezana.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela