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Umthombo: Glenn Greenwald
Ukulungelelanisa ukulahlekelwa ngu-Hillary Clinton ngo-2016 kuDonald Trump, abakhokela iiDemokhrasi kunye nabalingane babo beendaba abaphambili iminyaka bakhuphisana omnye nomnye ukubonisa oko bakubiza ngokuba "kukuphazamiseka kweRussia kunyulo lwethu" ngokweyona miqathango inokwenzeka. Bayigatya kakhulu imbono yeRussian Federation ngokuphindaphindiweyo echazwe nguMongameli Obama - ukuba yinto amandla engingqi abuthathaka ngoqoqosho oluncinci kune-Italiya ekwaziyo ukugrogrisa kuphela abamelwane bayo kodwa hayi i-US-kwaye endaweni yoko yaphosa iMoscow njengengcwaba, nokuba ikho, isoyikiso kwidemokhrasi yase-US, ngezenzo zayo zifana nolona lwaphulo-mthetho lubi kwezokhuseleko kwimbali yase-US.
Le mania yangemva kwe-2016 yafikelela kwincopho yabapolitiki abadumileyo kunye neentatheli (kunye noJohn McCain) ukubhengeza imisebenzi yaseRashiya ejikeleze i-2016 ukuba "sisenzo semfazwe", abaninzi babo bagxininisa, kuthelekiswa nePearl Harbor kunye nohlaselo lwe-9/11 - olona hlaselo lubi kakhulu kwimbali yanamhlanje yase-US ethe yavelisa iminyaka yemfazwe ekhohlakeleyo neyonakalisayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
USen. Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH) ifunwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba "ungenelelo" lwaseRussia luka-2016 luphathwe "njengesenzo semfazwe." UHillary Clinton ichazwe I-Russian hacking "njenge-cyber 9/11." Kwaye nantsi iRep. Jerry Nadler (D-NY) kwi-MSNBC ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari, i-2018, ibiza iRashiya "igunya langaphandle elinobutshaba" apho i-2016 ingenelela "ilingana" nePearl Harbor, "kakhulu ngokuhambelana" kunye "nobunzulu." โ kuhlaselo lwaseHawaii ngowe-1941 olwabangela ukuba iUnited States ibandakanyeke kwimfazwe yehlabathi iminyaka emine.
NgeeDemokhrasi, phantsi kukaJoe Biden, kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa ukusuka ekuthatheni ulawulo lwe-White House kunye nomkhosi wase-US kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle ohamba nayo, intetho yabo kunye namahlakani abo eendaba malunga neRashiya iya isiba yingozi ngakumbi kwaye iyingozi. Uxanduva olutyholwa ngokuba yiMoscow malunga nokubhengezwa okuthe kratya okuthe kwatyhilwa, okunamacala amaninzi ee-arhente zikaRhulumente wase-US kunye neeseva ezahlukeneyo zeshishini kuyaxelwa - ngaphandle kobungqina obuncinci, ngokwenyani, sele bubonisiwe - ingeyiyo nje inyani eqinisekisiweyo, kodwa njengenyani ngokucacileyo ukuba kunjalo. Uthintelwe yintandabuzo okanye imibuzo.
Nawuphi na umbuzo weli bango uya kubhengezwa ngoko nangoko zizithethi zemithombo yeendaba zeDemokhrasi ezinobunkunkqele obunamandla njengobungcatshi. โNgoku umongameli akathule nje eRussia nakwi-hack. Uzithethelela ngabom kwiKremlin ngokuphikisana noNobhala wakhe welizwe ngoxanduva lwaseRussia, โ ibhengeziwe Intatheli yezokhuseleko yesizwe ye-CNN uJim Sciutto, ngubani kwiveki ephelileyo ebonisiwe Ukuzama kukaTrump ukurhoxa eSyria naseJamani njengendawo โyokugalelaโ kunye nokubonelela โiziphoโ kuPutin. Okothusayo kukuba, zombini ezi rhetoric ukuchaza uqhekezo kunye nokuziphindezela kusongelwa ngokukhawuleza kuphuma kulawulo.
Iidemokhrasi (kunye nabanye abantu baseRiphabhlikhi bexakene neSongelo saseRussia, njengoMitt Romney) baphosa isityholo samva nje sokutyholwa yiMoscow ngeyona ndlela imnandi, beqinisekisa ukuba iBiden iya kungena kwi-White House kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu neRussia kwaye ijongene. uxinzelelo olunzima lokuziphindezela ngokukrakra. Abacebisi abaphezulu bezokhuseleko belizwe likaBiden kwaye ngoku uBiden ngokwakhe, kungekho bungqina bubonisiweyo eluntwini, ephindaphinda esoyikisa ukuziphindezela ngogonyamelo kwilizwe elinesibini ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
ICongressman Jason Crow (D-CO) - enye yeedemokhrasi ezixhasa imfazwe kwiKomiti yeeNkonzo ezixhobileyo zeNdlu eyathi ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. udibene no-Rep. Liz Cheney (R-WY) ukuthintela isicwangciso sikaTrump sokurhoxisa imikhosi e-Afghanistan - umemezele: "Le inokuba yimini yethu yanamhlanje, i-cyber elingana nePearl Harbor," kongeza: "Isizwe sethu sihlaselwa." Umdemokhrasi weSenate okwinqanaba lesibini, uDick Durbin (D-IL), ibhengeziwe: "Esi sisibhengezo semfazwe yiRussia."
Ngeli xesha, uSen. Mitt Romney (R-UT), osele eneminyaka ephosa iRussia njengesoyikiso esibi kwi-US ngelixa iiDemokhrasi zamgculela njengenxalenye yeMfazwe ebandayo (phambi kokuba bakopishe kwaye bamdlule), ichaze i-hack yamva nje "njengokulingana kweebhombu zaseRussia ezibhabha zingakhange zibonwe kwilizwe lonke." Umgqatswa kamongameli we-GOP ngo-2012 naye wamgxeka uTrump ngokusilela kwakhe "ukuthetha ndlongondlongo nokuqhankqalaza nokuthatha inyathelo lokohlwaya," nangona - njengawo wonke umntu odumileyo ofuna "impindezelo" enzima - uRomney wohlulekile ukuchaza into awayecinga ukuba iya kuba. impindezelo eyaneleyo โyokulingana neziqhushumbisi zaseRashiya ezibhabha zingabonwa kulo lonke ilizwe.โ
Kwabo bagcina umkhondo ekhaya: ezo zimbini ezihlukeneyo "iiPearl Harbors" ngaphantsi kweminyaka emine ukusuka eMoscow (okanye, ukuba ukhetha, enye iPearl Harbor kunye ne-9/11 enye). Ukuba iidemokhrasi ziyikholelwa ngokwenene loo nto, kuyavakala ukuba baya kulangazelela ukwamkela umgaqo-nkqubo wemfazwe kunye nobundlobongela ngakuRussia. Uninzi lwabo luyifuna ngokuthe ngqo le nto, behlekisa uTrump ngokusilela ukuhlasela iRussia - nangona kungekho bungqina bokuba babenoxanduva - ngelixa bona umhlambi wenkululeko oqeqeshwe kakuhle is cebisa ukuba ukungaphenduli ibandakanya uhlobo oluthile "lobungcatshi obuphezulu."
Ewe, iqela le-Biden belibonisa ukuba lijonge ukufezekisa ngokukhawuleza iimfuno zokuziphindezela ngogonyamelo. The New York Times ingxelo ngoLwesibini ukuba uBiden "watyhola uMongameli uTrump [] 'ngokujongela phantsi ngokungekho ngqiqweni'" ngokuqhekezwa ngelixa "elumkisa iRussia ukuba ayizukuvumela ukungenelela 'kungaphendulwanga' emva kokuba ethathe isikhundla." UBiden ugxininise ukuba xa uvavanyo lobukrelekrele lugqityiwe, "siya kuphendula, kwaye mhlawumbi siphendule ngohlobo."
Izisongelo kunye nokuziphindezela phakathi kwe-US neRussia zihlala ziyingozi, kodwa ngakumbi ngoku. Esinye sezivumelwano eziphambili zezixhobo zenyukliya phakathi kwezizwe ezimbini ezinezixhobo zenyukliya, isivumelwano esitsha se-START, iya kuphelelwa ngoFebruwari Ngaphandle kokuba uPutin kunye noBiden banokuthethathethana ngempumelelo ngohlaziyo: kwiintsuku ezilishumi elinesithandathu emva kokuba iBiden icwangciselwe ukuthatha isikhundla. "Oko kuyakunyanzela uMnumzana Biden ukuba enze isivumelwano sokuthintela isoyikiso esinye - ugqatso lwezixhobo zenyukliya - ngelixa kwangaxeshanye esoyikisa ukuziphindezela kwenye," utshilo umongameli. Maxesha.
Le rhetoric ekhulayo ukusuka eWashington malunga neRussia, kunye nemozulu ebangelwa kukungavisisani, kuyingozi kakhulu. Bakwasekelwe kwiintsomi ezininzi, inkohliso kunye nobuxoki:
Ekuqaleni, akukho bungqina balo naluphi na uhlobo olunikezelweyo ukucebisa, singasathethi ke ngobungqina bokuba iRussia inoxanduva kwezi hacks. Kucacile ukuba iRussia ibinokwenza oku: luhlobo lwento yokuba onke amandla amakhulu ukusuka e-China nase-Iran ukuya e-US nase-Russia abe namandla okwenza kwaye asebenzise ngokuchasene nawo onke amanye amazwe kubandakanya elinye.
Kodwa ukuba akukho nto yimbi siyifundileyo kumashumi eminyaka adlulileyo, kufanele sazi ukuba ukwamkela amabango aphuma kuluntu lwezobuntlola lwase-US malunga nabachasi ngaphandle kweqhekeza lobungqina bubudenge obuphezulu. Sisanda kuba nesikhumbuzo esiqaqambileyo sokubaluleka kwalo mgaqo: kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi konyulo, amajelo eendaba amaninzi ahlambalaza kwaye avuma ibango lobuxoki lokuba amaxwebhu avela kwilaptop kaHunter Biden. yayiyi "disinformation yaseRashiya," kuphela ukuba amagosa avume xa umonakalo wenziwe ukuba akukho bungqina - zero - zokubandakanyeka kweRashiya.
Nangona kunjalo yiloo nto kanye inqwaba yemithombo yeendaba eyenzayo kwakhona: iqinisekisa ukuba iRussia isemva kwezi hacks nangona ingenabo ubungqina benyaniso. The New York Times' UMichael Barbaro, umphathi wephepha elidumileyo Yonke imihla podcast, wabuza ugxa wakhe, intatheli yezokhuseleko lwelizwe uDavid Sanger, bubuphi ubungqina obukhoyo bokuqinisekisa ukuba iRussia yenza oku. Njengoko uBarbaro esitsho, noSanger "uvumela ukuba izigqibo zakwangoko zingalunganga, kodwa iyathandabuza." Ewe, uSanger wavuma kuBarbaro ukuba abanabungqina, endaweni yoko esithi isiseko athembele kuso kukuba iRussia inobugocigoci bokwenza olo qhekezo (njengamanye amazwe amaninzi), kunye nokubanga ukuba unento ayibiza ngokuba โziimpawuโ zabaduni baseRashiya.
Kodwa eli qhinga lalifana ncam esetyenziswa ngabo babesakuba ngamagosa ezobuntlola, echazwe ngala majelo eendaba afanayo, ukusasaza ibango lobuxoki langaphambi konyulo lokuba amaxwebhu avela kwilaptop kaHunter Biden "ayi-disinformation yaseRussia": oko kukuthi, bavakalisa kwindawo yokutshixa, izinto eziphuma kwilaptop kaHunter "zinazo zonke iindlebe zeklasikhi zeRussian. ukusebenza kolwazi.โ Eli yayiliqhinga kanye elalisetyenziswa luluntu lwezobuntlola lwaseMelika ngo-2001 ukutyhola i-Iraq ngokuhlaselwa kwe-anthrax, besithi uhlolisiso lwabo lwemichiza lubonise into โeyayingumqondiso wenkqubo yezixhobo zebhayoloji yaseIraq.โ
La majelo eendaba aya kuthi, ukuba acinezelwe, avume ukungabi nabungqina bokuba iRussia ikwenzile oku. Ngaphandle kobu bungqina buvunyiweyo, amajelo eendaba athetha ngokuphindaphindiweyo uxanduva lwaseRashiya njenge inyaniso eqinisekisiweyo.
"Ubungakanani bobuqhetseba baseRussia luyacaca: Iiarhente ezininzi zase-US ziye zabethwa," Nye ENew York Times sihloko ibhengezwe, kwaye umgca wokuqala welo nqaku, owabhalwa nguSanger, ngokucacileyo wathi: โUbubanzi be ukuqhekezwa kobunjineli yenye yaseRashiya Ii-arhente zezobuntlola ziye zacaca ngoMvulo. " IWashington Post lukhukulise uluntu enezihloko ezifanayo ezifanayo:
Akukho mntu kurhulumente oye waqinisekisa uxanduva lwaseRussia njengamajelo eendaba. Nditsho nonobhala welizwe likaTrump hawkish, uMike Pompeo, wenza isityholo sakhe ngokuchasene neMoscow ngezilumkiso kunye nokungaqiniseki: "UNdicinga ukuba kunjalo ukuba ngoku sinokuthi ngokucacileyo ngokucacileyo ukuba yayingamaRashiya awayebandakanyeke kulo msebenzi.โ
Ukuba ubungqina bokwenyani buthi ekugqibeleni buvele bubonisa uxanduva lwaseRussia, alunakutshintsha indlela ekuyingozi ngayo ukuba-ngaphantsi kweminyaka engamashumi amabini emva kwe-Iraq WMD debacle kwaye ngaphantsi kweminyaka embalwa emva kokwamkelwa kwemithombo yeendaba. ubuxoki obungenasiphelo baseRussiagate - awona majelo eendaba anempembelelo aqhubeka ethengisa ngokungenangqondo njengeNyaniso nokuba yintoni na uluntu olunobukrelekrele olubondla ngalo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubona nabuphi na ubungqina bokuba le nto bayibangayo iyinyani. Okona kukhwankqisa nangakumbi kukuba, amacandelo amakhulu oluntu azihlonelayo ezi venkile asaqhubeka ekholelwa ukuba oko akuvayo kuzo kumele kube yinyaniso, kungakhathaliseki ukuba angcatshwa kangaphi na loo ntembelo. Ukukhululeka apho iCIA inokusasaza nayiphi na imiyalezo eyifunayo ngemithombo yeendaba enobubele iyamangalisa.
Isibini, ingcamango yokuba le hack inokuthelekiswa neziganeko ezikhohlakeleyo kunye nezingalawulekiyo ezifana nePearl Harbor okanye uhlaselo lwe-9/11 luhlekwa ngokupheleleyo ebusweni bayo. Omnye kufuneka antywiliselwe kwiimali ezingapheliyo ze-jingoistic self-delusion ukukholelwa ukuba le hack - okanye, ngenxa yoko, "ukuphazamiseka konyulo" lwe-2016 - ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwimimiselo yamazwe ngamazwe ngokuchasene nokubonakaliswa okugqibeleleyo kubo.
Kanye njengokuba kwakunjalo ngamaphepha e-Facebook omgunyathi ka-2016 kunye ne-Twitter bots, ayikokubaxa ukuthi urhulumente wase-US ubandakanyeka kuhlaselo lolu hlobo, kwaye luhlasela kakhulu, ngokuchasene nawo onke amazwe eplanethi, kubandakanya iRussia, rhoqo ngeveki. Oko akuthethi ukuba olu hlobo lokugqekeza lufanelekile okanye aluthetheleleki. Noko ke, ithetha ukuba ukuyichaza njengesenzo esibi nesibi ngokungenakuthelekiswa nanto esifuna impindezelo enkulu kufuna umlinganiselo othile wokungabi nangqiqo nokuyekelela okudidayo.
Ingxelo ye-NSA eyenziwe ngu-Edward Snowden ngokwayo yangqina ukuba i-NSA iintlola phantse nabani na. Ewe, emva kokuphonononga ugcino lwamva ngo-2013, ndenze isigqibo sokuba andizukuxela malunga nee-hacks zase-US zamazwe amakhulu anjengeTshayina neRussia kuba yayiyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba onke la mazwe aqhekezene ngobundlongondlongo nangokungarhaleli. banokuthi bekungelulanga ukuba banike ingxelo malunga noku (ekuphela kwemeko yayikukuba kukho isizathu esibambekayo sokujonga ubuntlola obunjalo njengobuneendaba ezizimeleyo, ISweden isebenzisana ne-NSA ukuhlola iRashiya ngokwaphula ngokuthe ngqo ukukhanyela amagosa aseSweden awavakalisa kuluntu lwabo).
Ezinye iindawo zeendaba ezikwaziyo ukufikelela kumaxwebhu e-Snowden, ngakumbi The New York Times, abazange bafane bajonge ekuvezeni ubuntlola base-US kwiintshaba ezinkulu zelizwe. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ubungqina obuninzi obupapashwe zezo zitolo (ngamanye amaxesha zixhokonxa izichaso ezinamandla zika-Snowden) ukuba i-US yenza kanye oko kutyholwa ukuba iRashiya iyenzile apha - kwaye kubi kakhulu.
"Nanjengoko i-United States yenza ityala esidlangalaleni malunga nobungozi bokuthenga kwiHuawei [yaseTshayina], amaxwebhu ahleliweyo abonisa ukuba i-Arhente yeSizwe yoKhuseleko yayizenzela eyayo iminyango-kuthungelwano lweHuawei," umbiko The New York Times' UDavid Sanger kunye noNicole Perlroth ngo-2013, bongeza ukuba "i-arhente ingene kwiiseva kwikomkhulu elitywiniweyo leHuawei eShenzhen, intliziyo yaseTshayina."
In 2013, Guardian phendla "Inzame ze-NSA zokumamela inkokeli yaseRussia, uDmitry Medvedev, njengoko iminxeba yakhe idlula kunxibelelwano lwesathelayithi ukuya eMoscow," wongeze wathi: "Abezopolitiko namagosa angaphandle athathe inxaxheba kubini. G20 Iintlanganiso zengqungquthela eyayiseLondon ngowama-2009 zajongwa iikhompyutha zabo yaye iminxeba yabo yabanjwa ngokomyalelo worhulumente wabo waseBritani.โ Ngeli xesha, "iSweden ibiliqabane eliphambili le-United States ekuhloleni iRussia kunye nobunkokeli bayo, utshilo umabonakude waseSweden ngoLwesine," yaphawula iReuters, ecaphula oko olunye uxwebhu lwe-NSA lwachaza โnjengengqokelela ekhethekileyo kwizinto ekujoliswe kuzo zaseRashiya eziphambili, njengobunkokeli, ezopolitiko zangaphakathi.โ
Ezinye iingxelo zatyhila ukuba iU.S igqekeziwe inkqubo yonxibelelwano Brazilian ukuqokelela idatha kubo bonke abemi, kwaye kwaba kuhlola Iinkokeli eziphambili zaseBrazil (kuquka owayesakuba nguMongameli uDilma Rousseff) kunye nezona nkampani zibalulekileyo njengePetrobras enkulu kunye neSebe lezeMigodi kunye namandla. IWashington Post umbiko: โI-Arhente yoKhuseleko yeSizwe isondelelene 5 iibhiliyoni zeerekhodi ngosuku kwindawo ezihlala kuyo iiselfowuni kwihlabathi liphela, ngokutsho kwamaxwebhu ayimfihlo kunye nodliwano-ndlebe namagosa ezobuntlola e-US, evumela le arhente ukuba ilandelele iintshukumo zabantu - kunye nemephu yobudlelwane babo - ngendlela ebingenakucingelwa ngaphambili. Kwaye ngokuqhubekayo.
[Isiqendu esinye esimangalisayo nangona singaxatyiswanga sinxulumene nayo yonke le nto: iyafana ENew York Times Intatheli eveze iinkcukacha malunga nokuqhekezwa okukhulu kwe-NSA kurhulumente waseTshayina kunye neshishini, uNicole Perlroth, emva koko wabongoza (kwiitweets azicimile ngoku) ukuba u-Snowden angaxolelwa kuba, ngokutsho kwakhe, watyhila ngokusemthethweni i-NSA yokuhlola iintshaba zase-US. . Ngokwenyani, yayinguye, uPerloth, hayi uSnowden, owakhetha ukubhengeza ukuhlola kwe-NSA eTshayina, exhokonxa inkcaso enomsindo ka-Snowden xa wayesenza oko ngokusekwe kumbono wakhe oku yayikukunyhashwa kwesakhelo awayesidalele oko kufanele kwaye kungafanelanga ukuba. tyhilwa; ngamanye amazwi, akazange kuphela Perlroth Ukukhuthaza ukutshutshiswa kolwaphulo-mthetho kumthombo awayethembele kuwo, into eyothusayo ukuba yenziwe nguye nawuphi na umchopheli-ndaba, kodwa okubi kakhulu, wakwenza oko ngokutyhola lo mthombo wokwenza into ayenzileyo yena, uPerlroth: oko kukuthi, tyhila uqheliso olubanzi lwase-US lwaseTshayina].
Eyona nto iyenza icace yonke le nto kukuba kuphela ngoyena mntu ukhohliweyo nongenalwazi unokukholelwa ukuba ukuqweqwediswa kwe-Russian kwee-arhente zaseMelika kunye neenkampani - ukuba kwenzekile - yiyo nayiphi na enye into ngaphandle kokuziphatha okuqhelekileyo kunye nokuziphatha okuqhelekileyo phakathi kwala mazwe. Unjingalwazi woMthetho waseHarvard kunye nowayesakuba ligosa leBush DOJ uJack Goldsmith, ephonononga iimfuno ezikhulayo zokuziphindezela, wabhala inqaku elihle kwiveki ephelileyo enomxholo othi โUkuzikhohlisa kwiRussia Hack: I-U.S. ihlala igqogqa iinkqubo zekhompyuter zorhulumente wangaphandle ngomlinganiselo omkhuluโ:
Ukungaziqondi kwezi kunye neempendulo ezifanayo kukwaphulwa kweRashiya kuyamangalisa. Urhulumente wase-US akanaso isiseko esisisiseko sokukhalaza malunga nokuqhekezwa kweRussia, kuncinci ukuziphindezela kuyo ngeendlela zomkhosi, kuba urhulumente wase-US uqhekeze amanethiwekhi orhulumente wangaphandle ngomlinganiselo omkhulu yonke imihla. Ngokwenene, impendulo yomkhosi kwi-Hack yaseRashiya iya kwaphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. . . .
Njengoko izityhilelo eziphuma kulwazi oluvuzayo oluvela ku-Edward Snowden lwenziwa lwacaca, iUnited States ingena rhoqo kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha zamazwe angaphandle ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, rhoqo (njengoko kuqhekezwa eRashiya) ngoncedo olungaziyo lwecandelo labucala, ngeenjongo zokuhlola. Phantse ngokuqinisekileyo inkokeli yehlabathi kolu qheliselo, mhlawumbi ngobuninzi. Amaxwebhu e-Snowden acebise kangangoko, njengoko kwenza uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olunokwenzeka lwe-NSA. Ngo-2016, emva kokuqaphela "iingxaki ngokungena kwe-cyber evela eRashiya," u-Obama waqhayisa ukuba i-United States "inomthamo omkhulu kunaye nabani na ... ngokucaphukisayo" . . . .
Ngenxa yezenzo zakhe, urhulumente wase-US uye wavuma ngokwesiko ukuba semthethweni koburhulumente bangaphandle bokuhlola nge-elektroniki kwiinethiwekhi zorhulumente wase-US. Emva kokuba eTshayina aqhekeze kakubi uvimba wogcino-lwazi weOfisi yoLawulo lwaBasebenzi, ngoko owayesakuba nguMlawuli wezobuNtlola kuZwelonke uJames Clapper wathi: โKufuneka umothulelโ umnqwazi amaTshayina ngento ayenzileyo. Ukuba besinethuba lokwenza oko, andiqondi ukuba besingakuthandabuza okomzuzu. โ I-arhente efanayo yaseRashiya ebonakala ngathi iqhube i-hack evezwe kule veki iphinde igqekezwe kwii-imeyile ezingabhalwanga kwi-White House kunye neSebe lezoKhuselo kunye neLizwe kwi-2014-2015. Ulawulo luka-Obama luyithathe njengentlola yemveli kwaye aluzange luphindezele. "Ibiyingqokelela yolwazi, nto leyo ethethwa lilizwe-kubandakanya i-United States-yenza," utshilo u-Obama umnxibelelanisi we-cybersecurity uMichael Daniel kule veki.
Kodwa kule minyaka mine idlulileyo, abantu baseMelika, ngakumbi abo bondla kumajelo eendaba enkululeko, baye bantywiliselwa kwiintsomi ezininzi malunga ne-US neRussia kangangokuba abanawo amandla okuvavanya amabango enziwayo, kwaye - kanye njengoko babekhokelwa. ukukholelwa โngokungenelela kweRussia ngo-2016 kuNyulo Lwethu Olungcweleโ โ baqiniseke ngokulula ukuba into eyenziwa yiRussia lulwaphulo-mthetho olothusayo nolugqithisileyo olufana nolufane lubonwe kubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokwenyani, urhulumente wabo yintshatsheli yehlabathi engathandabuzekiyo ekwenzeni ezi zenzo, kwaye sele iyiminyaka ukuba hayi amashumi eminyaka.
Isithathu, ezi mfuno โzokuziphindezelaโ azikhathali kuba phantse zisoloko zingakhatshwa zizo naziphi na iinkcukacha. Nokuba uxanduva lweMoscow lubonakalisiwe, yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe yi-US ekuphenduleni? Ukuba impendulo yakho yeyokuba kufuneka bayiqhekeze iRussia emva, qiniseka ukuba i-NSA kunye neCIA bahlala bezama ukuqhekeza iRussia kangangoko benako, kwakudala ngaphambi kwesi siganeko.
Ukuba impendulo yizohlwayo ezingaphezulu, oko kuya kuba yinto nje yokwenza kwaye ayinanjongo, ngaphandle kohanahaniso olukhohlakeleyo. Naziphi na iimpindezelo eziqatha kunoko ziya kuba ngaphaya kokungakhathali, ngakumbi ngesidingo sokuhlaziya izivumelwano zolawulo lwezixhobo zenyukliya ezisemnyango. Kwaye ukuba ungumntu ofuna impindezelo, ngaba uyakholelwa ukuba iRussia, iChina, iBrazil kunye nawo onke amanye amazwe ahlaselwe ngabaphangi be-NSA banelungelo elifanayo lokuziphindezela ngokuchasene ne-US, okanye ngaba i-US ikwindawo ekhethekileyo enamalungelo akhethekileyo abo bonke abanye amazwe aswele?
Into esinayo apha, kwakhona, kukusebenza okuqhelekileyo koluntu lwezobuntlola esondla izityholo ezinzulu malunga namandla axhobe ngenyukliya kumajelo eendaba abambekayo, amajelo eendaba esasaza ngokungenangqondo ngaphandle kobungqina, konke oko kubhengeza ukungavisisani phakathi kwezi zimbini zenyukliya. -amandla axhobileyo kunye nokuqinisa intsomi yase-US njengexhoba elikhulu kodwa akazange enze umenzi wobubi.
Ukuba ukhe uzifumane uzibuza ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhulu lomkhosi kunye nokuma kweMfazwe engapheliyo kubonakala ngathi kungenakuchaphazeleka, le ndlela yokuziphatha ye-pathological - isuka kumanyano oluhlala luhleli loluntu lwezobuntlola, amajelo eendaba eshishini, kunye neqela leDemokhrasi - libonelela ngesiqwenga esinye esiphambili. yephazili.
Uhlaziyo, Dec. 24, 2020, 7:36 a.m. ET: Nangona iitweets ezivela The New York Times' UNicole Perlroth okhankanywe ngasentla wacinywa nguye, njengoko kubonisiwe, umfundi ophaphileyo uthi a Politico inqaku ngelo xesha ibhekiselele kwinxalenye yokutshintshiselana kwam naye, enye iqhutywa ngumsindo Washington Post Iintatheli malunga nokuhlelwa kwephepha labo eliphikisana noxolelo lwe-Snowden, nangona elo phepha libike ngokubanzi kumaxwebhu ka-Snowden kwaye laphumelela iPulitzer ngokwenza oko:
I-editorial ayiyonto ukuba ayisosizathu esihle sengxoxo ye-Twitter. Abanye abacholacholi beendaba baqhubeka nomsindo izolo malunga nokukhuselwa kwebhodi yokuhlela ye-Snowden, ngelixa abanye bavumelana nengxoxo yebhodi okanye ubuncinci bekhusela ilungelo labo lokuthatha inyathelo elalisazi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo liya kubabeka abaninzi kwigumbi leendaba lePost. Kolunye utshintshiselwano oluphawuleka ngakumbi, intatheli yeNew York Times ye-cybersecurity uNicole Perlroth wadibana noGlenn Greenwald, owaphula ibali le-Snowden / NSA kwi-Guardian.
Perlroth: โKufuneka ndithi ndiyavuma. @Snowden uvuze amashumi amawaka amaxwebhu angenanto yakwenza nokwaphulwa kwabucala. http://bit.ly/2cLPeLY
Greenwald: "Banokuqala iklabhu ye-august: Iintatheli ezithanda uTshutshiso loLwaphulo-mthetho kwimithombo yethu" http://bit.ly/2cLLIRz
Yiyo kanye le nto bendiyibhekisa apha. Kuyacaphukisa kakhulu ukuba uPerlroth wathethelela ukuba umthombo wakhe uvalelwe ngenxa yokuba wakhupha amaxwebhu "ayengenanto yakwenza nokwaphulwa kwabucala" xa yayinguye, uPerlroth, owathatha isigqibo sokutyhila iinkcukacha zokuhlola i-NSA eTshayina, ecaphukise uSnowden. inkqubo. Ukucofa ikhonkco elingasentla kwi-tweet yakhe kubonisa ukuba sele eyicimile.
Inqaku lokugqibela: kukho i op-ed ebalaseleyo ngolwesine ENew York Times malunga nomsindo ngenxa yesityholo sokuqhekezwa kweRussia nguPaul Kolbe, owayesebenza njengomphathi ophezulu weCIA ngokufihlakeleyo iminyaka engama-25 kwaye ngoku ungumlawuli weProjekthi yezobuNgqondo kwiSikolo saseHarvard Kennedy, enesihloko esithi "NgokuHamba, iUnited States idinga ukuyeka ukudlala ixhoba. โ Ichaza ukuba "i-United States, ngokuqinisekileyo, ibandakanyeka kuhlobo olufanayo lomsebenzi ngomlinganiselo omkhulu ngakumbi" kwaye ke "lixesha lokuba i-United States iyeke ukwenza izinto ngokumangazayo kwaye iyeke ukuthuthumela."
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Nikela