Umthombo: Iikhonkco
NgoFebruwari 25, 2021 Unyulo lwe-14 kaFebruwari eCatalonia lwenzeka kwindawo engaqhelekanga eyenziwe liza lesithathu lobhubhani we-COVID-19 kunye nesigwebo seNkundla ePhakamileyo yezoBulungisa yaseCatalonia sokuba baqhubele phambili ngaphandle kwengozi yokunyuka. Izinga losulelo kwilizwe apho abangama-20,000 sele bebulewe ngubhubhane.
Ngenxa yoko, i-25% yabemi abangama-90,000 abakhethwe ngokuvotelwa kwizikhululo zokuvota zabasebenzi bacela ukuxolelwa; abaviwa banike iintetho ezivuselelayo kwiiholo ezingenanto ngelixa amawaka wamehlo ebukele phezu kweZoom, kwaye iingxoxo zeTV phakathi kwabagqatswa abakhokelayo yayiyindibaniselwano engaqhelekanga yeentetho zerobhothi kunye nemidlalo yokukhala engalawulekiyo.
Nge-COVID-19 isagquba kwisiqingatha selizwe elivaliweyo, bekungenakuthintelwa ukuba izinga lokuyeka linyuke kwaye lithathe isigqibo ngowona mcimbi uphambili kunyulo: ngaba uninzi oluzimeleyo kwipalamente yaseCatalan lunokumelana nohlaselo lomanyano lwaseSpain, ngeli xesha. ngaphandle phantsi kwebhanile ye-Party of Socialists yaseCatalonia (PSC), i-Catalan edibeneyo ye-Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE)?
I-bloc yokuzimela iphumelele ukhuphiswano, kuba isicwangciso sePSOE-PSC sesiphumo esingathintekiyo "se-Illa" -ukuba sikhululwe "ngumgqatswa wamaphupha", owayesakuba nguMphathiswa wezempilo waseSpain uSalvador Illa-waxhokonxa amandla "anti-Illa" anamandla -abavoti abazimeleyo.
Ngomhla we-14 kaFebruwari, isigidi esinye nesiqingatha sabavoti abambalwa-ngaphezulu kwe-25% yoluhlu lwabavoti-baphuma kunokhetho lokugqibela ngoDisemba 2017, ukuvelisa izinga lokuthatha inxaxheba eliphantsi kunanini (53.5%). Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa ivoti yomanyano yayiphantsi ngama-764,000, ivoti yenkululeko yehla ngaphantsi, ngama-642,000. Ivoti yokubambisana singakwazi (i-ECP), umfelandawonye osekhohlo obizwa ngokuba yi-Commons kwaye uvuma ilungelo lesiCatalan lokuzikhethela kodwa alikho ukuzimela, wehla nge-132,000.
Isiphumo yayikukuba ukuzimela kuphakamise isininzi sezihlalo zabo kwipalamente yaseCatalan enezihlalo ezili-135 ukusuka kuma-70 ukuya kuma-74, ivoti exhasa inkululeko ibe ngaphezulu kwama-50% okokuqala (kwi-51.2%), kwaye ukukhokela kwenkululeko kwimanyano yabasebenzi kwandiswa. ukusuka kwizihlalo ezili-13 ukuya kwezingama-21. Ukuzimela kuphumelele isininzi sezihlalo kuwo onke amaphondo amane aseCatalanโiBarcelona, โโiLleida, iTarragona neGironaโkunye nesininzi sevoti kuwo onke amaphondo ngaphandle kweBarcelona. Ivoti exhasa inkululeko idlule kuma-50% kuma-88% oomasipala baseCatalonia abangama-947, ngama-25 ngaphezulu kowama-2017.
Ngaphakathi kokuzimela, inguqu yayiya ngasekhohlo, kunye nomanyano lwasekhohlo-ozimeleyo Luluhlu lweManyano lwaBantu-Masiphumelele iCatalonia (CUP-GC), inyusa isibalo sayo ukusuka kwizihlalo ezi-4 ukuya kwi-9, i-center-left yeRiphabhlikhi yaseCatalonia (ERC) ukusuka kwi-32 ukuya. Ngomhla wama-33, ngelixa isihlalo sihlangene eCatalonia (JxCat), owayesakuba ngumongameli weqela likaCarles Puigdemont le-Catalan republicanism, lehle ukusuka kuma-34 ukuya kuma-32.
I-PSC iphume kuqala ngeyona voti iphezulu (23% xa kuthelekiswa ne-ERC's 21.3% kunye ne-JxCat's 20%), kodwa ngenani lezihlalo ezifanayo neze-ERC (33). Inzuzo ye-PSC yezihlalo ezili-16 (emele ukonyuka kwevoti elipheleleyo lama-46,000 kunye nepesenti yokunyuswa kwevoti ye-9.2%) yeza ngokugqithisileyo kwi-neoliberal, i-Spanish-centralist Abemi: indawo yokugcina iivoti ezichasene nenkululeko kwi-poll ka-2017. Izihlalo ezingama-36 ukuya kwezintandathu, ziphulukene nenkxaso yabavoti abangama-952,000.
Ukuphumelela kwe-Independentism bekuya kucaca ngakumbi ukuba iCatalan European Democratic Party (PDECat) ayizange ime. Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona kweDemocratic Convergence yaseCatalonia, iqela elilawulayo langaphambili leCatalanism, iPDECat yakhankasela irhafu ephantsi, iphiko elilungele ishishini lenkampu yenkululeko: ivoti yePDECat yayiza kukhulula ukuzimela ekuthinjweni kwi-CUP eqatha- I-GC, inzondo ngokunyanzela owayengumongameli we-CDC u-Artur Mas ukuba ahambe ePuigdemont emva konyulo lwe-2015. Nangona kunjalo, amanqaku e-PDECat esi-2.7% asilele kumyinge we-3% wokumelwa epalamente. Ukuba bekungenjalo, iivoti ze-PDECat ezingama-77,000 ngezaziye kakhulu kwi-JxCat kwaye zongeze izihlalo ezi-3 kwisininzi esizimeleyo.
Ukusilela kwePDECat ukungena epalamente lelinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo kwingxaki ebonakala ingayeki kwipolitiki yaseCatalan yasekunene: iqela elizibonakalise njengokuqhubeka kwayo yonke into eyayilungile kulawulo lwangaphambili lweDemocratic Convergence yaseCatalonia (CDC) ngoku. ngaphandle kwepalamente eyayilawulwa ngumanduleli wayo kangangamashumi eminyaka.
Imithombo yeendaba yaseSpain-yokuthanda izwe yayingenamathandabuzo malunga nentsingiselo yesiphumo. Emva kweminyaka yezihloko ezixela ukuwohloka kwe-Catalan "soufflรฉ", ithoni yayo emva kwe-14 kaFebruwari yayiyi-apocalyptic: "iCatalonia, ayinakunyibilika" kunye "nentlekele yaseCatalan" (Isizathu); "Ubuzwe obucinezelayo, isoshiyali esingenazintsholongwane, inkcaso eshiyekileyo" (El Mundo); "I-anomaly engapheliyo", "i-Nationalism endemic" kunye "neCatalonia yimeko yeklinikhi" (ABC). Kweli nqaku lokugqibela, ABC Usekela-mhleli uLuis Ventoso ugqibe kwelokuba "iSpain iza kuphulukana neCatalonia kwixesha eliphakathi ngaphandle kokuba kukho utshintsho olukhulu ekuzibandakanyeni nedabi lezemfundo, leendaba kunye nenkcubeko kube kanye."
Njengoko omnye umhlalutyi weTV waseCatalan wathi ngobusuku bonyulo: โUkuzimela akuyo-soufflรฉ, yi-nougat bar evela e-Alicanteโ [okt, rock-hard].
PSOE-PSC: abaphumeleleyo?
Ixhaswa ngamajelo eendaba amakhulu aseSpain kunye nenzuzo yokulawula kwilizwe laseSpain, iPSOE-PSC ifikelele ngokulula kwinjongo yayo yokuqala yokuba ngowona mbutho uphambili kumanyano. Iivoti zayo bezigxile kakhulu e-Barcelona kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo ikakhulu "iibhanti" zabasebenzi abathetha iSpanishi: apho umyalezo we-PSC "wobusoshiyali" "wokuhlangula iCatalonia kwiyantlukwano nentiyo" kunye nokuphelisa (engeyonyani) "ingxaki yemvisiswano yoluntu" iphumelele izihlalo ezilishumi ezongezelelweyo. Ezinye iinzuzo zayo ezintandathu zeza ezimbini zivela kwamanye amaphondo amathathu.
Kwinqanaba likarhulumente wasekhaya, i-PSC ikhokele ivoti kwi-105 yemimandla kamasipala ye-947 yaseCatalonia, ngokuchasene nezimbini kuphela kwi-2017. -ethetha uVall d'Aran), ukusuka kwi-zero ngo-42.
Nangona kunjalo ezi nkqubela phambili zihambe ngokuwa okuncinci kwinkxaso yomanyano kwiindawo zayo zamandla emveli. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, e-Barcelona ukwehla kwahambelana nokunyuka kwenkxaso ye-center-left and left ukuzimela. Kwizihlalo ze-85 zephondo, i-40-ezimbini ngaphezu kwe-2017-ya kumaqela azimeleyo, kunye ne-CUP-GC yokwandisa ubukho bayo ukusuka kwi-3 ukuya kwi-5, ngelixa i-ERC ithatha isihlalo esinye kwi-JxCat. Ukujonga oku kwanda kwaba ukuwa kwesihlalo somanyano-ukusuka kwi-40 ukuya kwi-38-kunye ne-ECP, i-pro-sovereignty kodwa i-pro-independence, iqhubeka ibambe izihlalo ezi-7 eziseleyo.
I-PSC isasilela kakhulu kwiziphumo zayo ezizezona zingcono kunyulo oludlulileyo (37.9% ne-31.2% ngo-1999 nango-2003 ngokulandelelanayo), njengoko kubonakaliswe ekufumaneni ngokuyinxenye kuphela ivoti yabasebenzi kumaziko edolophu aseCatalonia. Umhlalutyi wezopolitiko uJordi Muรฑoz uchaze olu phuhliso ngoFebruwari 21 ngoku: ivoti kumaziko amakhulu emizi-mveliso eCatalonia ngoku jikelele iphindwe kathathu xa ibikade iyimeko yeendawo ezingcono zokuvota ngobuninzi bazo kwi-CDC kunye neendawo zabasebenzi zokuvota iPSC.
Ngomhla we-14 kaFebruwari, isininzi sabantu bavotela i-JxCat kumbindi wedolophu; kubasebenzi kunye neeperipheries ezihlwempuzekileyo oku kwaya kwi-PSC, kodwa phakathi kwezi zibonda, kwiindawo zokuhlala zabasebenzi abadala abazalwa emva kwemfazwe yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe laseSpain, uninzi ngoku luye lwaya kwi-ERC. iindleko ze-PSC. Oku kwaba njalo kwizixeko ezikhulu zemizi-mveliso iTarragona, iTerrassa, iSabadell, iReus, iMatarรณ, neBadalona.
I-PSOE-PSC iphumelele ubungangamsha kwimanyano yabasebenzi ngomyalezo okhohlakeleyo ochasene nokuzimela kwiphulo elamiselwa kwabo babevotele aBemi ngo-2017. Uloyiso ke ngoko lweza kwiindleko zokuthotywa kwenkampu yomanyano ngokwayo ngokunjalo nokuba i-PSC ibe ngabathinjwa ngakumbi. kwezona mvakalelo zayo zokusabela, iSpanish-patriotic. Ukuqinisekisa ngenkxaso yabo bavotele aBemi kwi-2017 kwaye bakhumbula "ubuthathu" urhulumente we-2003-2010 we-PSC, i-ERC kunye ne-Initiative for Catalonia (ICV, ngoku inxalenye ye-ECP), uSalvador Illa waphinda wathi: "I soze ilawule ngeqela elixhasa ukuzimela, oko kuya kuba kubi eCatalonia. "
Nangona yenziwa egameni le-PSC ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Catalanist", iphulo lonyulo lwe-Illa yayingumcimbi we-PSOE, okhokelwa yinkulumbuso u-Pedro Sรกnchez umcebisi oyintloko we-Ivan Redondo, igosa lezopolitiko eliye lenza amaphulo okubethelela inja ngobuhlanga kwiphiko lasekunene. Iqela labantu (PP). Ibonise ukungenelela okusixhenxe nguSรกnchez ngokwakhe kunye nomjelo wokubonakala okukhethekileyo ngabaphathiswa be-PSOE: umyalezo wawuthi iSpain kunye neCatalonia yayiza kusebenza ngokumangalisayo ukuba i-tandem yaseSรกnchez-Illa yayilawula eMadrid naseBarcelona.
Ukusukela ngobusuku bonyulo u-Illa kunye nezinye izithethi ze-PSC baziphathe ngokungathi abaphulukananga ne-14 kaFebruwari kukhuphiswano lwabo lokuzimela: iqela labo lingene kuqala โngokuqinisekileyoโ kwaye liza kumela ubunkulumbuso kwiseshoni yokuqala yepalamente entsha. U-Illa uya kufuna inkxaso ye-ERC kunye ne-ECP ekwenzeni urhulumente oqhubela phambili "oguqula iphepha" kwizahlulo zeminyaka elishumi edlulileyo. Ngalo kuthunyelwa u-Illa, ongayi kufumana inkxaso kwi-ERC, uzimisele ukuqinisa ukufaneleka kwakhe njengenkulumbuso "yendalo" kwimeko yamaqela azimeleyo ahluleka ukwenza ulawulo.
Vox: Ilungelo lomanyano liyancipha kwaye libe likhulu
Olunye uphuhliso oluphambili kwiyuniyoni yaba kukuvela kwe-xenophobic, i-Spanish-chauvinist iVox njengamandla aphambili kwinkampu ye-right-unionist eyanciphisa ngesiqingatha kwizihlalo ezingama-20. Ngezihlalo zayo ezili-11 (7.7%) ziyinika isininzi kule bloc iVox ayizange idle nje aBemi kuphela, kodwa ijongelwe phantsi i-PP, eyona ndawo iphambili yenkcaso yaseSpain: iphumelele izihlalo ezi-3 kuphela (3.9%), iziphumo zayo ezimbi kakhulu zaseCatalan. Yisihlandlo sokuqala ukuba i-Vox-edibanisa izinto ezivela kwi-PP, kwii-Francoist kunye ne-Falangist kunye ne-Platform ye-xenophobic yaseCatalonia-ifumene aBemi kunye ne-PP kunyulo lwengingqi kwilizwe laseSpain.
Njengolunyulo lokugqibela lwaseSpain, iVox yafumana iziphumo zayo ezigqwesileyo kwizinga eliphezulu lentlalontle, yafikelela kwi-17.7% kwisithili saseBarcelona sasePedralbes-apho umtsalane uya kuba zizindululo zokunciphisa irhafu-kunye ne-18.5% kwi-Barcelona ehlwempuzekileyo. Ummelwane waseTorre Barรณ-apho isindululo sayo semfazwe yokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe โngokungekho mthethweniโ ngesifumene inkxaso. Ezinye iindawo zayo eziphakamileyo zafikelelwa kwiindawo ezingqonge i-Civil Guard kunye ne-barracks yomkhosi.
Ivoti yeVox yaba sisiphumo seminyaka yokuchaswa ngokukrakra kwilungelo lesiCatalan lokuzikhethela ngaBemi ngokukodwa, kodwa kunye nePP, bobabini abacetywayo ukucutha ukuzimela kweCatalonia kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwimi lwesiCatalan kwimfundo. I-Vox ikhuphe ngokulula ezi zindululo kwisigqibo sabo esinengqiqo: ukuba iCatalan secessionism lolona tshaba luphambili lomanyano lwaseSpain, kutheni ungacimi zonke iimvumelwano kulo, ukuya kuthi ga kunye nokubandakanya urhulumente waseCatalan? Ewe, kutheni ungawugqibi umsebenzi uMlindi woLuntu kunye namaPolisa eSizwe aseSpain awaphumelelanga ukuwenza ngo-Okthobha woku-1, ngo-2017?
Ugxininiso olumelwe yivoti kaVox luqinisekisa isigaba songquzulwano olumandla epalamente, mhlawumbi olukhatshwa bubundlobongela basesitratweni. (Kwakukho ungquzulwano oluninzi phakathi kweVox kunye namaqela achasene nobuFascist ngexesha lephulo lonyulo.)
Esinye sezizathu zokungavisisani kwaBemi yayikukuba eyona nto iphithizelayo yokuchasa amaCatalanist yakruquka yipolitiki yayo yokuxhokonxa inkundla engasayi ndawo (efana noqhanqalazo lwase-Amer, kwidolophu yakuloPuigdemont, kunye namaphulo okukrazula iiribhoni ezityheli zomanyano kunye neqela lesizwe. amabanjwa ezopolitiko). Babefuna inyathelo lokwenyani ngokuchasene nabaqhekeki, abafuduki ngokungekho mthethweni, iireds, kunye nazo zonke ezinye iintshaba zaseSpain. Ezi maleko zazisoloko zisiya kuvota uVox, isilogeni sakhe sephulo elithi โMasibuyise iCataloniaโ, kunye nempoxo apho uAlejandro Fernรกndez, umgqatswa ophambili wePP, wabeka phantsi iqabane lakhe leVox ngokumela ipalamente awayeceba ukuyiphelisa. ilahlekile kubo.
I-ECP (i-Commons)
I-ECP, emele ngokusesikweni ilungelo lesiCatalan lokuzikhethela kwaye kwixesha elidlulileyo lixhasa i-referendum yokuzimela, yatshintsha kolu lonyulo ukufuna ukuba isisombululo "kwingxaki yendawo" yaseSpain sixoxwe kwitafile yengxoxo emisiwe yaseSpain-Catalonia. Egameni lokudala umfelandawonye โwasekhohloโ kurhulumente obandakanya indibaniselwano ethile ye-PSC, iERC kunye nayo ngokwayo, igxile kwi-JxCat โnjengelungeloโ apho kungekho qela lizibiza ngokuba lishiyekile, oko kukuthi, iERC, enokwenza umbutho. umanyano kurhulumente.
I-ECP igcine izihlalo zayo ezisibhozo ngevoti eyehla ukusuka kwi-7.5% ukuya kwi-6.9%. Nangona kunjalo, ilahlekelwe ngumncintiswano wevoti ekhohlo ekhohlo-ngasekhohlo kwe-PSC kunye ne-ERC-kwi-CUP-GC, eyandisa isihlalo sayo ukusuka kwi-4 ukuya kwi-9, iphumelele nge-6.7% yevoti (ukusuka kwi-4.5 % ngo-2017). Esi sisihlandlo sokuqala ukusukela oko i-CUP yaqala ukumela ipalamente yaseCatalan ngo-2012 ukuba isihlalo sokuzimela geqe sesodlula eso seMimandla. Ngaphezu koko, izihlalo ze-CUP ziphumelele kuwo onke amaphondo amane (ezimbini eGirona apho ivoti yayo yafikelela kwi-9%), ngelixa izihlalo ze-ECP zivela kuphela kwi-Barcelona (ezisixhenxe) kunye neTarragona (enye).
Ukubekwa ngokutsha kwe-ECP kuxhasa inguqulelo yesiCatalan yorhulumente waseSpain olawulayo wePSOE-UP, utshintsho olwaqala xa usodolophu waseBarcelona u-Ada Colau wakhetha ngo-2019 ukuba adibane ne-PSC, wajongela phantsi ukuzibophelela kwakhe ngomlomo kwilungelo lokuzikhethela. Ngenxa yoko, imikhosi yokuzimela eyayikade iyinxalenye yeMibutho ePhakamileyo, efana ne-Anticapitalists, ngeli xesha ibize ivoti ye-CUP-GC.
Utshintsho phakathi kwebloc yokuzimela
Into ephambili yevoti ye-independence, apho i-ERC iguqule ilahleko yayo encinci ye-2017 kwiqela likaCarles Puigdemont, yayinobunzima obuninzi bemikhosi ezibiza ngokushiya: ukusuka kwi-51% ukuya kwi-57% yezihlalo eziphumeleleyo. Amathuba okuba umgqatswa okhokelayo weERC uPere Aragonรจs abe yinkulumbuso elandelayo yaseCatalan emva kweminyaka engama-82 eselubhacweni kunye nenkcaso nayo inobunzima obungokomfuziselo, ngakumbi xa sikhumbula ukuba inkulumbuso yokugqibela enyuliweyo, uLluรญs Companys, wabulawa ngo-1940 nguzwilakhe kaFranco emva AmaGestapo aseFransi amgxotha ngokwesicelo sikaFranco.
Esona siseko sokuphumelela kwe-ERC, ngelixa incediswa yi-PDECat itsala iivoti kude ne-JxCat, ibikukwanda kwayo okuzingileyo kwimimandla yaseCatalonia yasezidolophini nasemaphandleni. Ngo-2017, iphumelele ezine kuphela kwi-42 shires yaseCatalonia kwaye yaphuma okwesibini kwi-32: kolu lonyulo iphumelele i-shires ezilishumi kwaye yaphuma okwesibini kwezinye i-32.
Kwinqanaba likarhulumente wasekhaya, i-ERC iphumelele i-251 yemimandla kamasipala yelizwe ye-947, ukusuka kwi-143 kwi-poll ye-2017. Ezi nzuzo ikakhulu zeza kwiindleko ze-JxCat, eyayiyeyona nto iphambili kwimimandla kamasipala ye-562, xa kuthelekiswa namanqaku ayo angama-667 ngo-2017.
Elona galelo likhulu ekukhuleni ngokubanzi kwevoti yokuzimela livela kwi-CUP-GC. Ipesenti yevoti yayo inyukile koomasipala abangama-861, phambi kweERC (462) kunye neJxCat kunye nePDECat zidibene (363). Nangona kunjalo, impumelelo ye-CUP-GC ivela ngokucacileyo ngokunyuka kwayo ngokupheleleyo ivoti kwiingingqi zoomasipala abangama-563 (ama-59.5% ewonke), ngaphandle kokunyuka kwama-25% kwireyithi yokungayi emsebenzini. I-ERC ilawule iinzuzo zevoti ezipheleleyo kwimimandla yoomasipala engama-32 kuphela kunye ne-JxCat kwi-14 kuphela.
I-CUP-GC yawongwa ngenxa yokuba iye kolu lonyulo ngesicwangciso-qhinga sokuphinda sicingisise ukuze kufumaneke ukuzimela kunye nenkqubo ebambekayo neqondakalayo yokuchasana nonxunguphalo lwentlalo.
Liliphi iqhinga lokuzimela? Ngowuphi urhulumente?
Kumaqela axhasa ukuzimela owona mceli mngeni ubalulekileyo ovela kwezi ziphumo malunga nezindululo zabo zeqhinga lokuzimela kunye nobudlelwane kurhulumente: kuyo yomibini imiba baya kubavoti ngeziphakamiso eziphikisanayo (bona iinkcukacha apha).
Isindululo sokuqala esivela kwi-ERC ekhokelayo umgqatswa u-Pere Aragonรจs yintlangano yamaqela amane abo baxhasa ilungelo leCatalonia lokuzikhethela kunye nokuxolelwa kwamabanjwa ezopolitiko kunye nabagxothiweyo (ERC, JxCat, CUP-GC kunye ne-ECP). I-ERC ibiza le "i-3 ka-Okthobha" yimbumbano elawulayo, isalathiso kuqhankqalazo olukhulu kunye noqhanqalazo olugqugqise eCatalonia kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kobundlobongela bamapolisa be-1 ka-Okthobha kwaye obubandakanya amacandelo angenakuzimela. I-ERC ibiza ukuba itheyibhile yokuxoxisana phakathi koorhulumente baseSpain kunye neCatalan ihlaziywe, iphakamisa apho imfuno ye-referendum yokuzimela kwe-Scottish-style.
Ethetha ne-ERC National Council ngoFebruwari 19, uAragonรจs wathi:
Kufuneka solule imida yorhulumente waseSpain ngokubeka uxolelo kunye nokuzimisela kwiziko. Umonde awupheli kwaye kufuneka sijongane [nexesha] njengenqanaba lokuqokelela amandla. Enoba uRhulumente uyalwamkela uvoto okanye akunjalo, kufuneka sizikhokelele kuloyiso oluya kuza neziqinisekiso eziphezulu zempumelelo.
Wongeza:
Sijongene nethuba lembali. Uloyiso lwe-ERC lusebenze ekubuyiseleni i-republic Generalitat [urhulumente waseCatalan, ngo-1931], kwaye ngoku uloyiso kufuneka luvule iingcango ekudaleni isiseko soxolelo, ireferendamu kunye nokubeka iziseko zeriphabliki entsha.
Umanyano lwamaqela amane olucetywayo yi-ERC aluyi kwenzeka, ngenxa ye-veto efanayo phakathi kwe-JxCat kunye ne-Commons, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba i-Aragonรจs ixoxisane ngokuyeka kokugqibela kwiseshoni yotyalo-mali.
I-ERC yavula umjikelo wokuqala wokuxoxisana kunye ne-CUP-GC, enengxoxo yayo malunga nokuba ingaba nenxaxheba-kwaye yeyiphi imiqathango-kurhulumente we-tripartate pro-independence. Oko kubonakala kungenakwenzeka, ngesiphumo esinokwenzeka ngakumbi ibe yinkxaso ye-CUP-GC kwiseshoni yotyalo-mali ukutshintshiselana neziqinisekiso zokuqhubela phambili umzabalazo wenkululeko kunye nenyathelo lokulwa nengxaki yezoqoqosho. Ngomhla we-16 kaFebruwari, i-CUP-GC yabeka iinkalo ezine apho idinga inkqubela phambili ngaphambi kokuvota ukuxhasa urhulumente okhokelwa yi-ERC: i-referendum entsha, ukupheliswa koxinzelelo (kubandakanywa nokunyanzeliswa kwamapolisa aseCatalan kwimibhikisho), "isicwangciso esothusayo" ukuhlangabezana nonxunguphalo lwentlalo kunye notshintsho kwi-ikholoji.
Ungquzulwano lweveki ephelileyo phakathi kwabaqhankqalazi, abaphangi kunye namapolisa kuqhanqalazo oluchasene nokuvalelwa kwe-rapper uPablo Hasรฉl kuya kwenza nzima uthethathethwano phakathi kweERC kunye neCUP, efuna ukuchithwa kweqela le-Catalan.
Ingxaki enzima ye-Aragonรจs iya kuba kukulungisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-ERC kunye ne-JxCat kwaye ugweme ukuphindaphinda ukungathembeki okungapheliyo kunye nokwahlula korhulumente wokugqibela. Ukufumana isivumelwano ngamanyathelo alandelayo kumzabalazo wenkululeko phakathi kwemibutho enomahluko obonakalayo onobuchule kuya kuba ngundoqo. Ngomhla we-18 kaFebruwari, unobhala-jikelele we-JxCat u-Jordi Sร nchez uxelele Phendla: โInto ekufuneka siyenze thina maqela azimeleyo anoxanduva ePalamente kukuhlala phantsi kwetafile sakhe isicwangciso esidibeneyo.โ
Ngokuphathelele ukuthandabuza kwe-JxCat malunga nexabiso letafile yeengxoxo phakathi koorhulumente baseSpain naseCatalan, uSร nchez wathi: "Sicinga ukuba kuseyisiphakamiso esiluncedo. I-JxCat ibisoloko isithi yeyothethwano kunye nothetha-thethwano, kodwa hayi ukusetyenziswa kwengxoxo njengezibalo zeqela-zopolitiko. I-balance sheet yonyaka odlulileyo wengxoxo ibonise ukuba yayingumsi kunye nezibuko, kuba urhulumente waseSpain akazange akholelwe kwingxoxo. Sifuna indlela, sifuna iinjongo kwaye sifuna ingqiqo. โ
Uthethathethwano ngorhulumente luyaqhuba kunye nemibutho yabantu baseCatalan befuna iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. INdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeCatalan ifuna urhulumente omanyeneyo oxhasa ukuzimela ngelixa i-รmnium Cultural inyanzelisa urhulumente ozinikele kumzabalazo woxolelo kunye nelungelo lokuzimela. Kwangaxeshanye, iPSOE-PSC ijonge onke amathuba okusebenza phakathi kwamaqela amabini aziintloko axhasa ukuzimela.
I-PP-ehambelana ne-PP ye-judiciary yaseSpain nayo ihlala inenjongo yokugcina intshutshiso ye-Catalan movement. Akuzange kudlule iiyure ezingama-24 emva konyulo ngaphambi kokuba i-ofisi yomtshutshisi-jikelele waseSpain ibhene ngokuchasene nesigqibo senkundla yaseCatalan yokunika ikhefu losuku kumabanjwa alithoba ezopolitiko: intshukumo ngokucacileyo yabanjwa kude kube nge-15 kaFebruwari ukunqanda ivoti yovelwano kwi-pro. -imibutho yokuzimela.
Yayisisikhumbuzo soxanduva olukhulu kumaqela azimeleyo ukufumana indlela ekuvunyelwene ngayo yokunyanzela urhulumente we-PSOE-UP "oqhubekayo" waseSpain ukuba ayeke ukungazihoyi iimfuno zesininzi samaCatalans-ukuxolelwa kunye ne-referendum yokuzimela-kunye nokuphuhlisa. isicwangciso esidibeneyo sento yokwenza kwimeko engenakuthintelwa yokwala.
Oku kunjalo ngokukodwa xa kujongwa ukuba ukutsiba kwesantya sokungaboli nge-14 kaFebruwari akunakubalelwa ngokupheleleyo kwisoyikiso se-COVID-19. Kwakhona kwabonisa ukwahlukana okukhulayo kwabantu abazama ukusinda kwintlekele yentlalo kunye nezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko zaseCatalan ezilawulwa ngumzabalazo ojikeleze ilungelo lokuzikhethela: izinga lokuyeka lifikelele kumanqanaba agqithisileyo (90%) kwiindawo ezihlwempuzekileyo zaseBarcelona kunye nezona ndawo zihlelelekile.
Umceli mngeni omkhulu kurhulumente waseCatalan ongenayo-kunye nentshukumo ebanzi yolawulo lweCatalan-iya kuba kukubonisa ngenyathelo lekhonkrithi ukuba umlo wokuzimela awuyonto yokuzonwabisa kumanqanaba angcono oluntu lwaseCatalan, kodwa sisithako esibalulekileyo umzabalazo wobomi obungcono kumntu wonke.
UDick Nichols ngumnxibelelanisi waseYurophu Luhlaza sasekhohlo veki nganye, esekelwe e-Barcelona. Isiqalo Uguqulelo lweli nqaku luvele kwiwebhusayithi yalo.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela