Iitshathi ezingentla zifanelwe ukujonga okude ngononophelo. Ngokutsho kweZiko leSizwe loPhando lwezoQoqosho, ukudodobala koqoqosho kuphele ngoJuni ka-2009. Ababaninzi abantu abasebenzayo ababhiyozela isikhumbuzo sesibini sokwandiswa.
NjengoPaul Wiseman, umbhali wezoqoqosho we-AP, amanqaku:
[Oku kuphucuka kwezoqoqosho] kube yeyona nto ibuthathaka kwaye ikhe yasilela kakhulu ukusukela ngeminyaka yee-1930s.
Emva kokudodobala koqoqosho kwangaphambili, abantu kuwo onke amaqela emivuzo bathande ukuxhamla. Ngeli xesha, abantu baseMelika abaqhelekileyo bayasokola ngenxa yokungakhuseleki kwemisebenzi, amatyala amaninzi kunye nokunyuswa kwentlawulo engakhange ihambelane namaxabiso kwivenkile yokutya nakwisikhululo segesi. Iinzuzo ezingephi zoqoqosho zisiya ikakhulu kwabo bazizityebi.
Njengoko itshati ephezulu ibonisa, isabelo sabasebenzi (kuquka imivuzo nezibonelelo) ngoku simi kuma-57.5% omvuzo wesizwe. Sele isiya ehla kangangexesha elithile, kodwa ukwehla ukusukela ngo-2001 kuye kwamangalisa ngokwenene.
Enyanisweni, imbuyekezo yabasebenzi ihambe kakubi kakhulu kunokuba le ndlela icebisa ngayo. Isizathu sesokuba isabelo sabasebenzi sibandakanya intlawulo yesigqeba kwaye abaphathi ngokubanzi bayonwabele ukonyuka kwembuyekezo enkulu kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Umzekelo, ngoku ka INew York Times:
Amanani okugqibela abonisa ukuba intlawulo ephakathi kubaphathi abaphezulu kwiinkampani ezinkulu ezingama-200 kunyaka ophelileyo [2010] yayizizigidi ezili-10.8 zeedola. Oko kusebenza kwinzuzo yama-23 ekhulwini ukusuka ngowama-2009. . .
Ukuhlawula kunyuke kakhulu kunyaka ophelileyo kuba iinkampani ezininzi zibuyise iibhonasi zemali, utshilo u-Aaron Boyd, intloko yophando kwa-Equilar. Iibhonasi zemali, ngokuchasene nezo zinikezelwe kwiinketho zesitokhwe, zitsibe ngokumangalisayo ngeepesenti ezingama-38, amanani okugqibela abonisa.
Kuyavunywa ukuba, iinkampani ezininzi zaseMelika zenze kakuhle kunyaka ophelileyo. Inzuzo inyuke kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, iinkampani ezininzi zabelana ngobutyebi, ubuncinci nabaphathi bazo. โSibona okuninzi okubonakaliswa kumvuzo,โ utshilo uMnu. Boyd.
Inzuzo, njengoko itshati engezantsi ibonisa, ngokwenene iye yanda. Enyanisweni, njengoWiseman Ichaza, โzinyuke phantse ngesiqingatha ukususela oko kudodobala koqoqosho ngoJuni 2009. Kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala emva kokudodobala koqoqosho ngo-1991 nango-2001, ingeniso yenyuka nge-11 ekhulwini yaza yangama-28 ekhulwini ngokwahlukeneyo.โ Nangona kunjalo, imbuyekezo ye-CEO ibonakala ubukhulu becala azizalani ukuba izabelo zeshishini zisebenze kakuhle kangakanani na kubatyali-zimali; sithetha ngamandla okwakhiwa apha.
Ezi ndlela zintle kwinzuzo yenkampani kunye nembuyekezo ye-CEO ihluke kakhulu kumava abasebenzi abaninzi. Umvuzo oqhelekileyo wabasebenzi baseMerika unyuke nge-0.5 ekhulwini kuphela ngowama-2010; zilungiswe ngokwenyuka kwamaxabiso ziye zehla. Ngapha koko, โUmvuzo oqhelekileyo womsebenzi ngeyure, emva kokubalwa kwexabiso lentengo, ubungaphantsi nge-1.6 ekhulwini ngoMeyi [2011] kunonyaka ongaphambili.โ Ngaphezu koko akukho sizathu sincinci sokuthemba ukuba amandla oqoqosho ekugqibeleni aya kudala isiseko esivakalayo sokukhula kwemivuzo kwixesha elizayo. โImisebenzi edalwayo [ngexesha lolwandiso] ihlawula imali encinane kunaleyo ithe yabhanga ngenxa yokudodobala koqoqosho. Imisebenzi enemivuzo ephezulu kwicandelo labucala, leyo ehlawula malunga ne-$19 ukuya kutsho kwi-$31 ngeyure, yenza ama-40 ekhulwini emisebenzi ephulukeneyo ukususela ngoJanuwari 2008 ukuya kuFebruwari 2010 kodwa yi-27 pesenti kuphela yemisebenzi edaliweyo ukususela ngoko.โ
Ayimangalisi into yokuba, kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokukhula okuthe gqolo kwingeniso kunye nembuyekezo ye-CEO kunye nesikhundla esiwohlokayo sabasebenzi.
Njenge itshathi engentla Imiboniso, imveliso (imveliso ngomsebenzi ngamnye) iye yakhula ngokuthe ngcembe ngelixa i-avareji yemivuzo (imbuyekezo ngomsebenzi ngamnye) ingakhange ihlehle ukususela ngo-1979. Uloyiko lokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi sesinye isizathu sokukhula okuqhubekayo kwimveliso.
Enye into, ngoku ka UMonika Bauerlein noClara Jeffery, lucwangciso lwethu lomsebenzi olunzima:
Ukubala nje umsebenzi osezincwadini (ungaze ucinge ngezo imeyile ze-11 pm), amaMelika ngoku abeke umyinge weeyure ezili-122 ngaphezulu ngonyaka kuneBrits, kunye neeyure ezingama-378 (phantse iiveki ezili-10!) ngaphezulu kwamaJamani. Umahluko awubalelwanga kuphela ngeeyure ezinde, kunjaloโkwihlabathi jikelele [njengoko kubonisiwe kwiimephu ezingezantsi], phantse wonke umntu ngaphandle kwethu unalo, ephepheni, ilungelo lokuphumla ngeempelaveki, ixesha leholide elihlawulelwayo, kunye nekhefu lokuya kubeleka elihlawulelwayo. .
Okubuhlungu, kodwa ngokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili, konke esikuvayo kumajelo ethu eendaba yimfuneko yokunciphisa, ngokungathi ngandlela ithile inkcitho karhulumente okanye abasebenzi becandelo likarhulumente banoxanduva lweengxaki zethu zangoku zoqoqosho. Kodwa, ukucutha inkcitho kunye nokwenza buthathaka iimanyano kuya kwenza nzulu ezi ngxaki.
Iindlela ezikhankanyiweyo ngasentla ziziphumo ezithe ngqo zenguqu ethe ngqo yoshishino kuqoqosho lwase-US eyaqala kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo. Olo tshintsho lwavelisa iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo: intshukumo ebuthathaka yabasebenzi kunye necandelo leshishini elityebileyo nelinamandla ngakumbi emali. Noko ke, yavelisa nenkqubo yokukhula engazinzanga kakhulu, eyakhiwe ematyaleni, eyafikelela kuvuthondaba ngokudodobala okukhulu koqoqosho.
Inkcitho enkulu karhulumente ibifuneka ukuphelisa le ngxaki kwaye iyaqhubeka nokugcina ukuchacha. Ngelixa icandelo loshishino ekuqaleni beliyixhasa le nkcitho ukuzinzisa inkqubo, ngoku lizifumana likwimeko engathandekiyo. Ukuba semthethweni kweprojekthi yakhe yezopolitiko kuxhomekeke kumabango okungasebenzi kakuhle kukarhulumente kwaye iinkokeli zoshishino zoyika ukuba ukuba azithathi manyathelo aqinileyo ukunciphisa ubungakanani kunye nokufikelela kwenkcitho karhulumente, iingxoxo malunga nomgaqo-nkqubo woluntu zinokuvuselela iinzame ezinzulu zokunyusa ingeniso yerhafu kunye nokubumba ngokutsha urhulumente. ukuchitha izinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka njengenyathelo lokuqala elisingise kwinkqubo entsha yezoqoqosho.
Ngaphandle kwamabango aqhelekileyo, inkcitho karhulumente ayisikhuseli engxakini. Kwangaxeshanye, ukugcina imeko ekhoyo akumele kube yinjongo yethu. Kufuneka sikhabe imigaqo-nkqubo yobungqongqo kwaye siqinise iinzame zethu, njengoKarl Beitel cebisa, "vula indawo yezopolitiko ukubuza imibuzo enentsingiselo malunga nokusebenza kakuhle kweemarike, imidla yeklasi enikezelwa ngamaphulo akhoyo omgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nokusebenza kwezinye iindlela eziqhubela phambili kunye nezilinganayo."
UMartin Hart-Landsberg nguNjingalwazi wezoQoqosho kunye noMlawuli weNkqubo yoQoqosho lwezoPolitiko eLewis naseClark College, ePortland, Oregon; kunye noPhando oLungelelayo kwiZiko leeSayensi zeNtlalo, IYunivesithi yeSizwe yeGyeongsang, Emaznstie ekorea. Imimandla yakhe yokufundisa kunye nophando ibandakanya uqoqosho lwezopolitiko, uphuhliso loqoqosho, uqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe, kunye noqoqosho lwezopolitiko eMpuma yeAsia. Ukwalilungu le IBhodi Yamalungelo Abasebenzi (ePortland, eOregon).
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