ICongress iye ekugqibeleni vu nyelwene kwisicwangciso sokunciphisa intsilelo exhaswa nguMongameli Obama. Ngenxa yoko, ubungakanani betyala liyenyuka, nto leyo ethetha ukuba uNondyebo angaphinda aboleke ukuze ahlangabezane nezibophelelo zakhe zemali.
Ukuphepha ukusilela kwetyala kuyinto elungileyo. Nangona kunjalo, isivumelwano sibi kwaye okona kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ingxoxo ngokwayo ibethelele ukuqonda ngoqoqosho lwethu olutshabalalisa umdla wesininzi.
Amajelo eendaba abonise uthethathethwano lokunciphisa intsilelo njengedabi phakathi kwamacala amabini alwayo. UMongameli u-Obama, owayefuna ukufezekisa ukucutha intsilelo ngendibaniselwano yokunciphisa inkcitho kawonke-wonke kunye nokunyuswa kwerhafu, wamisa icala elinye. INdlu yaseRiphabhlikhi, eyakwamkela kuphela ukucuthwa kwenkcitho, yamisa enye. Sakhuthazwa ukuba sivuyele icala esasicinga ukuba limele iminqweno yethu.
Ngelishwa, bekukho umahluko omncinane phakathi kwala macala mabini ngokwendlela athethane ngayo kunye nokuxoxa ngemiba efanelekileyo. Omabini amacala avumile ukuba sijongene nengxaki enkulu yamatyala. Omabini la macala avumelene ukuba iinkqubo zentlalo ezingalawulekiyo zezona ziphambili kwintsilelo kunye nengxaki zamatyala. Kwaye omabini la macala avumelene ukuba ukubandakanyeka kukarhulumente kancinci kuqoqosho kungcono.
Ukuvumelana kuphawuleka ngakumbi kuba zontathu ezi zikhundla azichanekanga. Asijongani nengxaki enkulu yamatyala, inkcitho yentlalontle ayiqhubeki kuntsilelo namatyala ethu, kwaye sifuna ungenelelo olubonakalayo lukarhulumente kuqoqosho hayi kancinci ukusombulula iingxaki zethu zoqoqosho.
Phambi kokuxoxa ngale miba kubalulekile ukuqaqambisa imiqathango ebanzi yesivumelwano sokunciphisa intsilelo. Inyathelo lokuqala lilinganiselwe ekunciphiseni inkcitho. Ngokuthe ngqo, inkcitho enokuvela iza kuncitshiswa ngama-900 eebhiliyoni zeerandi kule minyaka ilishumi izayo. Ngokumalunga ne-35% yokunciphisa iya kuvela kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olunxulumene nokhuseleko (umkhosi kunye nokhuseleko lwelizwe), kunye nezinye zivela kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olungenalo ukhuseleko (iziseko zophuhliso, amandla acocekileyo, uphando, imfundo, kunye neenkqubo ezinceda abantu abafumana umvuzo ophantsi kunye nabantwana. inkathalo, izindlu, inkonzo yoluntu njl.njl.). Ukutshintshiselana noku kucuthwa kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali iCongress ivumile ukunyusa isilingi setyala nge-$1 yetriliyoni.
Isivumelwano siphinde saseka ikomiti yomntu we-12 (kunye ne-6 Democrats kunye ne-6 Republicans) ukucebisa iindlela zokunciphisa ukusilela kwexesha elizayo ngenye i-$ 1.2-1.5 yezigidigidi. Iingcebiso zayo kufuneka zenziwe ngoNovemba 23, 2011 kwaye zingabandakanya ukucuthwa kuyo yonke inkqubo yentlalo (kubandakanywa noKhuseleko lweNtlalo, iMedicare kunye neMedicaid), kunye nokunyuka kwerhafu.
ICongress kufuneka ivotele kwiphakheji yeengcebiso zekomiti nge-23 kaDisemba 2011, phezulu okanye phantsi. Ukuba iCongress iyawavuma aya kuphunyezwa. Ukuba iCongress ayibavumeli, ukusikwa okuzenzekelayo kwe-1.2 yezigidigidi zeedola kuya kwenziwa; I-50% yokucutha kufuneka isuke kwiibhajethi zokhuseleko kwaye enye i-50% kufuneka ivele kwi-non-security discretionary budgets kunye ne-Medicare. Nokuba iNkongolo ivota njani na kwizindululo, kufuneka ivote nokuba ivume isiHlomelo seBhajethi eLungelelweyo kuMgaqo-siseko. Nje ukuba kuthatyathwe le voti, ubungakanani betyala liya kunyuswa kwakhona ngesixa esincinci kunokunciphisa intsilelo.
Jonga oku kulandelayo itshati ukusuka kwiNew York Times ukuba ufuna umfanekiso opheleleyo wenkqubo. Ukuba wonelisekile sisishwankathelo esingentla tsiba uye kumbhalo ongezantsi kweflowu tshati ukwenzela uhlalutyo oluthile.
Abahlalutyi abaninzi, bezama ukucacisa ukuba kutheni uMongameli u-Obama esamkele isivumelwano esinzima kakhulu malunga nokunciphisa inkcitho (enokuthi iquka ukucuthwa kweenzuzo zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo), ibango lokuba woyiswa ngamaRiphabhlikhi. Ngokwenyani, uMongameli Obama kudala exhasa ukuncitshiswa kwentsilelo ngokwemigaqo yesi sivumelwano.
Kwangoko ngoMatshi 2009, abasebenzi bakhe xelelwe UDavid Brooks, umbhali wemihlathi yeNew York Times, ukuba uMongameli "uzinikele kakhulu kuhlaziyo lwelungelo kwaye uceba iindlela ezinokubakho kwezopolitiko zokunciphisa uKhuseleko loLuntu kunye nenkcitho yezempilo." Enyanisweni, ngokutsho kukaBrooks:
I-White House ivelise itshathi ebonisa i-nondefense discretionary inkcitho njengesabelo se-GDP. Oko kukuchitha imfundo, intlalontle, nazo zonke izinto ezithandwa ziiDemokhrasi. Ukusukela ngo-1985, le nkcitho ijikeleze i-3.7% ye-GDP. . . . I-White House ithi iya kunciphisa le nkcitho kwi-3.1%, ephantsi kunaliphi na ixesha kulo naluphi na ulawulo lweRiphabhlikhi yakutshanje. Ndamenywa ukuba ndixhome le tshati kudonga lwam ndize ndibagwebe ngendlela abafikelela ngayo kwezi thagethi.
I-White House Fact Sheet ekhutshwe ukucacisa ukuba kutheni uMongameli exhasa isivumelwano sokunciphisa intsilelo esandula kuthetha-thethwana sityhila ukungaguquguquki kwisikhundla sika-Obama. Yona amanqaku ngokuncomekayo ukuba esi sivumelwano "sisibeka kwindlela yokunciphisa inkcitho engakhethiyo yokhuselo ukuya kwinqanaba eliphantsi ukusukela oko uDwight Eisenhower wayenguMongameli."
Abo bakhetha ukucuthwa kwenkcitho kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente ngokubanzi bathi asinakwenza nto ngenxa yokuba inkcitho yethu yoluntu kunye netyala lesizwe azilawuleki, zisongela ikamva lethu lezoqoqosho. Kodwa, idatha ithetha ngenye indlela.
Itshathi engezantsi, evela kwingcali yezoqoqosho Menzie Chinn kwi-Econbrowser, ibonisa intshukumo kumlinganiselo wetyala elibanjwe esidlangalaleni kwi-GDP kwisithuba se-1970 ukuya ku-2011; indawo etyheli iphawula ulawulo luka-Obama. Ngelixa lo mlinganiselo ukhule ngokukhawuleza, uhlala ungaphantsi kwe-100% inqanaba leengcali zezoqoqosho elithatha ukuba linqanaba lesilumkiso. Ngapha koko, ngokwe-Congressional Budget Office eqikelelwayo, akunakwenzeka ukuba sifikelele kwinqanaba elinjalo amashumi eminyaka nokuba sigcina inkcitho yethu yangoku kunye neepateni zengeniso.
Ukukhula okubukhali komlinganiselo kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo kubonisa ngamandla ukuba iintsilelo zethu zangoku eziphezulu zibangelwa ikakhulu kuphuhliso lwakutsha nje, ingakumbi i-2001 kunye ne-2003 yokuthotywa kwerhafu ye-Bush, iimfazwe zase-Iraq nase-Afghanistan, kunye ne-Great Recession. Igalelo labo linokubonwa kwi ishati ngezantsi ukusuka kwiNew York Times.
Iziphumo zokucuthwa kwerhafu kunye nobunzima bezoqoqosho kwiintsilelo zethu (kunye namatyala ongezelelweyo) zibonakala ngakumbi kwitshathi elandelayo (kwakhona ukusuka Menzie Chinn), ecwangcisa utshintsho lonyaka kwinkcitho ye-federal kunye nengeniso ye-federal njengepesenti ye-GDP (iindawo ezinomthunzi ziphawula ixesha lokudodobala koqoqosho). Njengoko sinokubona, ukuqhuma kwentsilelo yamva nje ekuqaleni kwaqhutywa ngakumbi ngokuncipha kweengeniso kunokuba kulawulo lwenkcitho. Iinzame zokuvala umsantsa wohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kuphela okanye ngokusisiseko ngokucutha inkcitho, ngakumbi iinkqubo zentlalontle, aziphumeleli.
Okubuhlungu kukuba, ingxoxo malunga nendlela engcono yokunciphisa intsilelo ikhuthaze abantu ukuba babeke ityala kwinkcitho yentlalontle ngenxa yeentsilelo zethu ezinkulu kunye nezo ntsilelo ezinkulu kwiingxaki zethu zangoku zoqoqosho. Ngenxa yoko, iimfuno zenguqu yokwenyani yolwakhiwo kwindlela uqoqosho lwethu olusebenza ngayo azihoywanga njengezingabalulekanga.
Idatha yezoqoqosho yakutsha nje kufuneka ijolise ingqalelo yethu kwiingozi zokudodobala koqoqosho olutsha. NgokweSebe lezoRhwebo uqoqosho lwethu lukhule ngomyinge we-1.3% kuphela kwikota yesibini yalo nyaka, kulandela ikota yokuqala apho uqoqosho lukhule nge-0.3% kuphela. La ngamazinga acothayo ngokumangalisayo okukhula koqoqosho olubuyela kwimeko yokudodobala okukhulu. Ukubeka la manani ngokwembono, uDean Baker amanqaku ukuba sifuna ukukhula okungaphezulu kwe-2.5% ukugcina izinga lentswela-ngqesho esele liphezulu ukuba likhule.
Ukunciphisa inkcitho ngexesha lokudodobala koqoqosho, ngakumbi kwiziseko ezingundoqo, uphando, kunye neenkqubo zentlalo, ku iresiphi yobunzima obukhulu. Enyanisweni, umgaqo-nkqubo onjalo unokuwenza buthathaka ngakumbi uqoqosho lwethu, nto leyo ekhokelela kukusilela okukhulu. Le yinto eyenzekayoiUK, i-Ireland, neGrisiโamazwe anezoqoqosho ezibuthathaka awayezama ukucombulula iingxaki zawo zentsilelo ngokucutha inkcitho kawonke-wonke.
Sifuna ngaphezulu ungenelelo lukarhulumente olusebenzayo, okuthetha inkcitho ethe kratya yokuqondisa ngokutsha kunye nokuhlengahlengisa uqoqosho; ulwakhiwo olutsha lwerhafu olunenkqubela; kunye notshintsho olukhulu kumgaqo-nkqubo wethu wamazwe angaphandle, ukuba siza kusombulula iingxaki zethu zoqoqosho. Ngelishwa okwangoku asinawo umbutho onamandla ngokwaneleyo wokuqinisekisa ukuba icala lethu linabadlali kwimizabalazo ebeka i-ajenda yethu yezopolitiko.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela