I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
NikelaUphawu lwexesha kukuba iJamani iphakamisa ukuvukela uMongameli weKhomishini yaseYurophu, uJeam-Claude Juncker, lowo uChancellor u-Angela Merkel wamisela kwi-2014 emva kokulwa okunamandla noDavid Cameron, ngoko ke i-British PM enamandla. Iqela laseVisograd, elenziwe yiPoland, Hungary, Slovaquia kunye neCzech Republic, elavuka eluthuthwini, laba lilizwi elichasene neBrussels, liye lacela ukubuyisela iKhomishini phantsi kwegunya lamazwe. Xa uMerkel walungiselela intlanganiso yeenkokeli zabasunguli abathandathu bokuqala be-EU, eBerlin, wamema uDonald Tusk, uMongameli weBhunga, kodwa kungekhona uJean-Claude Juncker, onguMongameli weKhomishoni. Kwaye uWolfgang Schauble, umphathiswa wezeziMali waseJamani, ubhengeze isibongozo: "lixesha lokubuyisela iBrussels phantsi kolawulo lwamazwe."
Kuyathakazelisa ukuba ingxoxo malunga neBrexit ayihoyi ngokupheleleyo isenzo esirhubuluzayo sokuphelisa umlingiswa we-EU. Yintoni eqhubekayo, eneneni, yinto ebaluleke kakhulu: ukuphela kwe-internationalism kunye nokubuyela kwisizwe. Kwaye eso sesinye seziqhamo zokudityaniswa kwehlabathiโฆ. IJapan, iTshayina kunye neRussia zikwincopho yobuzwe.
Ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi akulogama elingathathi hlangothi. Ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi okwamiselwa emva kokudilika koDonga lwaseBerlin yayiyibhatyi ethe tye eyomeleleyo njengeengcamango, ezazityholwa ngokuzisa kwiMfazwe yeSibini yeHlabathi, kunye neminyaka engamashumi amahlanu yeMfazwe Yomlomo. Ibonise imarike njengekuphela kwesiseko soluntu, ngokupheliswa kwawo nawuphi na umqobo wesizwe wokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kweenkunzi norhwebo. Yayiyiphepha, njengokuba yayiphelelwe, imilinganiselo yobulungisa kwezentlalo, amaziko entlalontle, (njengentlalontle); urhulumente wabonwa njengesithintelo, ingxaki, kungekhona njengesisombululo. URonald Reagan kunye noMargaret Thatcher batshintshe indlela yehlabathi. UThatcher wathi: โAyikho into ebizwa ngokuba luluntu. Kukho abantu ngabanye kuphela. " Ekuqaleni uReagan wayefuna ukuphelisa isebe lezemfundoโฆ.
Ewe, ngoku yonke intatheli ifumanisa ukuba iBrexit kunye noDonald Trump ziziphumo zokuvukela kwamaxhoba omanyano lwehlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba bahlala beya ekunene, ngaphandle kweemeko ezimbalwa, njengePodemos eSpain okanye uBernie Sanders e-US. USanders ukhalaza ukuba "kwiminyaka eli-15 edlulileyo, phantse iifektri ezingama-60.000, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-4.8 yezigidi zemisebenzi yemveliso ehlawulwa kakuhle iye yanyamalala, kuba izivumelwano zorhwebo eziyingozi ziye zakhuthaza iinkampani ukuba zifudukele kumazwe anemivuzo ephantsi", Uchasene ne-taboo yabantu abadala. kwaye ingcali yezoqoqosho yesiqhelo ayixoxi nokuxoxa. Urhwebo lwasimahla yinjini yokukhula., kwaye izibalo zikhona ukungqina oko. Ingxaki, uqhubeka uSanders โkukuba umsebenzi oyindoda ophakathi ngoku wenza ngaphantsi kweedola ezingama-726 zeedola kunowe-1973, kwaye umsebenzi wabasetyhini ophakathi wenza ngaphantsi kweedola ezisisi-1.1.54 kunowama-2007. Kwaye ngoku baphantse babe zizigidi ezingama-47 abantu baseMerika abahlwempuzekileyo ngoku. Ngeli xesha, i-1 yeshumi ephezulu ye-90 yepesenti yabantu baseMelika abaphumeleleyo, ngoku iphethe i-62 yepesenti. Abona bantu bazizityebi abangama-3.6 kwesi sijikelezi-langa banobutyebi obulingana nesiqingatha esisezantsi sabemi behlabathi: abantu abamalunga ne-XNUMX yeebhiliyoni.โ
USanders usibeka engxakini esithi: โUtshintsho luza kuvela kwi-degogy, ubucalucalulo kunye neemvakalelo ezichaseneyo nabaphambukeli, intiyo yabemi bamanye amazwe kunye nobuhlanga ngaphandle kokuba uMongameli omtsha uya kuyixhasa ngamandla intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe esondeza abantu behlabathi, ukunciphisa ubuhlanga kunye nokunciphisa ukubakho kwemfazwe. : kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, oko kuya kukhusela abantu abasebenzayo, hayi abo baphezulu.
Ngoko ke ingxaki asikokuba ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kuzisa ukukhula. Ingxaki kukuba uRhulumente ushiye imarike ingalawulwa, ngaphandle kokwabiwa kwakhona. Kutheni abo bashiyiweyo bevotela ubulumko obuqhelekileyo benkqubo, ngelixa bengamaxhoba?
Injini yolu hlobo lokukhula iye yaba Ukunyoluka. Ngoku, uloyiko oluvuswa nguSanders sele lufakwe kakuhle eYurophu. Ukufuduka kuye kwabangela ukuba, phakathi koloyiko lwendalo eyahlukileyo, ukusuka kubugrogrisi ukuya ekutshintsheni kwemozulu, ukusuka ekutyeni okubi ukuya ekunciphiseni kweenkonzo zentlalo. Kulula ukukhwela uloyiko kunye nengqumbo, kwaye iYurophu iyazi kakuhle le nto: kwenzeka kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu, kwaye uHitler wayishiya iYurophu yatshatyalaliswa.
Ulandelelwano lohlolo-zimvo ngoku lukhawulezisa ukubhanga kwedemokhrasi. Kwi-Brexit, i-70% yabantu bavoti. Oko kuthetha ukuba i-36% yenza uninzi: ummi omnye kwabathathu. Ngokutsho kweBhunga laseYurophu loBudlelwane baNgaphandle, kukho iireferendamu ezingama-32 ezibizwe kumazwe ali-18 e-EU. Kwaye ngoku kukho amaqela ezopolitiko angama-47 abelana ngezikhundla ezichasene neYurophu. Kwisinye kwisithathu samazwe angamalungu angama-28, ayinxalenye yomanyano lukarhulumente, kwaye ukuphuma kwawo kuye kwanyanzela amaqela emveli ukuba amkele ezinye zezikhundla zawo. Iireferendam zifikelela kwi-veto. I-EU iya kujongana nomceli mngeni oqinileyo kule nkqubo ye-vetocracyโฆ
Umbono ongemva kwenkqubo yezizwe ngezizwe, kunye nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe ngokuthe ngqo, usekwe ekwamkelweni komgaqo-siseko kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni apho abemi baziva benoluntu kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba. Kukweso siseko ukuba amaqumrhu esizwe ayavuma ukuncama ulongamo lwawo. Bavakalelwa kukuba yandisa imvumelwano yesizwe kwizivumelwano kunye nezivumelwano, ezenza iimbono kunye nomdla wabo kwihlabathi lentsebenziswano kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe. Umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kunye nentsebenziswano yayiziingcamango ezintsha, eziphuma eluthuthwini lweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini. IZizwe eziManyeneyo yayisesona sixhobo singazange sabonwa ngaphambili soxolo oluhlala luhleli kunye nentsebenziswano: kwaye kancinane emva koko, ingcamango yeManyano yaseYurophu, kwaye oku njengequmrhu eliphakamileyo, hayi nje umbutho ophakathi koorhulumente, njenge-UN. KwakungeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo ezathi iingozi zemfazwe yomlomo zafakwa phantsi kohlobo oluthile lolawulo. Kwakunge-UN apho inkqubo yokuphelisa ubukoloniyali yaqhutywa. I-UN yayisisakhelo sobudlelwane bomntla-mazantsi kwihlabathi, kunye nophuhliso lwefilosofi yayo, kunye nokwabelana ngomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe njengesixhobo sengxoxo, kunye nobulungisa bentlalontle, ukuthatha inxaxheba kunye nedemokhrasi, ngokusekelwe kwingxoxo kunye nentsebenziswano, ukwenza ixesha elide. uxolo nophuhliso loluntu impumelelo entsha yoluntu.
Ewe, konke oku kwahamba kakuhle, de kwaba ngowe-1981 kwiNgqungquthela yaseCancun. UReagan kunye noThatcher babuyise imbono yokuba idemokhrasi yehlabathi yinkohliso engekho sikweni. URegan wabuza enye intloko yamazwe, eyayize kuxoxa ngendlela yokuqhubela phambili intsebenziswano: kutheni ilizwe lam kufuneka libe namalungelo afanayo nalawo eSan Marino? Masibuyele kumgaqo-nkqubo apho amazwe anokukhusela umdla wawo ngaphandle kokubotshwa yimigaqo nezivumelwano ngokubanzi. Ukusukela kubo, iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zaphulukana nobungangamsha bazo. Amandla amakhulu athatha urhwebo, enye yeenjini ezimbini zokudityaniswa kwehlabathi. Enye injini, eyemali, ayizange ibe seNew York, kodwa yayiseWashington. I-Un yasala kuphela kwimibandela yentlalo, ngokunyuka ingabi namsebenzi, Xa uBoutros Boutros-Ghali wazama ukubuyisela amandla athile kwiofisi yoonobhala; ukunyulwa kwakhe kwakhona njengonobhala jikelele we-UN kwavalwa yi-US. Indlela efanayo noJunckerโฆuBoutros-Ghali wenziwa ibhokhwe kaBill Clinton, owayekwiphulo lakhe lonyulo. IZizwe Ezimanyeneyo zalungiselela uhlaselo eSomalia ukuze kuzise uxolo nokutya. Oku kwenziwa phantsi kwesicelo se-US, ulwalathiso lwe-US kunye nolawulo lwe-US .. Uhlaselo lwabuyela umva, kunye namajoni amhlophe aseMelika afile kwaye atsalwa ezitalatweni yisihlwele sabantu abamnyama. Ngokukhawuleza, uBoutros-Ghali wayethathwa njengoxanduva lokungaphumeleli, kunye ne-US ibonakala njengexhoba le-UN. UJuncker ngoku wenziwa i-folr enoxanduva yi-Brexit yiJamani, umgaqo-nkqubo wayo wemali kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwe-austerity kuye kwadanisa uninzi lwabo ngoku baphuma eYurophu.
Ihlabathi le-post-ideological, elihamba kunye nehlabathi jikelele, liye laguqula amaqela ezopolitiko ukuba abe ngoomatshini beembono zoluntu, ezijoliswe ekusombululeni iingxaki zolawulo. Abemi bashiya amaziko ngaphandle kombono, apho abezopolitiko babonakala benomdla ekuqhubekeni kwabo, kwaye izixhobo zokuvota kunye nentengiso zithathe indawo yengxoxo nabemi. Imilinganiselo yokuziphatha iye yanyamalala kwingxoxo yezopolitiko. Imiba yehlabathi ishiye iipalamente zelizwe zingabalulekanga. Akukhange kubekho mpendulo yehlabathi kwimali (i-4 yezigidigidi zeedola kwiparadesi yemali), engenalo iqumrhu lolawulo lwehlabathi, kwaye ihambisa imali ephindwe ngama-40 ukuba uqoqosho lokwenene lwemveliso kunye neenkonzo. Enye impendulo ebalaseleyo yayiyimpendulo yehlabathi kutshintsho lwemozulu, nto leyo esisisongelo sokwenene kubomi babantu. Kodwa loo mpendulo ngokucacileyo ayanelanga...
Amaqela emveli azamile ukunqanda ukwehla kwawo ngokuthatha iibhena zamaqela amatsha. Owona mzekelo ubalaseleyo yi-Austria, apho amaqela amabini emveli atshintshe isikhundla sawo malunga nokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe. Isiphumo yaba kukwenza ukuthiya abantu bamanye amazwe. Iphiko lasekunene eligqithisekileyo liphulukene neevoti ezingama-36.000 kuphela, kwaye unyulo olutsha olubizelwe izitenxo lunokubonwa ngoku uloyiso lwalo.
Kufuneka kucace ukuba kuyo yonke loo minyaka bekuqhubeka umdlalo ongenankathalo. Ukuba kukho into engahambanga kakuhle, yayilityala le-EU. Nantoni na ehambe kakuhle yayisisiphumo semigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe. Njengoko nabani na ongaphakathi esazi, liBhunga, apho amazwe angamalungu amelwe khona, athatha izigqibo ngesicwangciso kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo. IKomishoni ingumphumeziโฆkuphela yi-European Central Bank (enomsindo omkhulu ovela eJamani) kunye neNkundla yezoBulungisa yaseYurophu (apho uCameron wabhengeza ukuba i-UK inqwenela ukurhoxa, nangaphambi kokuba iBrexit,) ibe namandla amakhulu esizwe ashiyekileyo. Zonke iinzame zamazwe angamalungu ibe kukubuyisela ulongamo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kwaye ngoku sibophelelekile ukuba sibhale kuJuncker ukukhusela ... ukuba uyahamba kuya kuba ngenxa yezizathu ezingalunganga ...
Nangona kunjalo emva kwakhe, umfana obuthathaka njengangaphambili, uya kuvela. Kwi-UN, umviwa oyintloko ngu-Irina Bokova, i-DG ephumayo ye-Unesco, incinci kakhulu ukuba bonke abanye abafazi abangabaviwa. Ke, ukubona ukuba siphi ngoku, ekwehleni kwe-internationalism: ngaba namhlanje i-US ithembisa ukuxhasa ngemali i-25% yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluqhelekileyo lwe-UN, njengoko yenzayo ekudalweni kwayo? Ngaba iUniversal Declaration of Human Rights yayiza kwamkelwa? Yaye okokugqibela, ngaba kwakunokwenzeka ukuthobela iSivumelwano saseRome, sowe-1947, apho umbono woManyano lweYurophu wamkelwa ngamxhelo-mnye? Oorhulumente bekuya kuba nzima ukuphendula. Makhe sicinge ngabantu...
URoberto Savio ngumseki kunye nomongameli ophumayo we-Inter Press Service (IPS) arhente yeendaba kunye nomshicileli wezinye iindaba.