Ichi ndicho chitsauko chekupedzisira cheRoad Map to Nowhere – Israel/Palestine kubvira 2003 Kuonekwa muna Chikunguru 2006 neVerso.
Kurwisa: Kuwedzera Masero Ejeri
NeIsrael ichishandura iyo West Bank kuita hurongwa hwemajeri, mubvunzo unokurumidza ndewekuti maitiro aya angarambidzwe sei, kumiswa uye kudzoserwa kumashure. Sezvakataurwa naNoam Chomsky, munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi nhasi kunetsa kuri kuwedzera, kana dzimwe nguva kungochengeta saizi yemasero ejeri.[1] Kwemakore zvino maPalestine agara muhurongwa hwemajeri hunotariswa neIsrael, asi, sezvataona, mutemo weIsrael pasi paSharon nevateveri vake ndewekutapudza nzvimbo yezvitokisi zvichienderera mberi. Iye zvino, chinangwa chekurwisana ndechekudzivirira kupedzwa kwegadziriro yejeri – pakusundira kure masvingo ejeri ari kuita mutete. Zvikuru zvisingazivikanwi uye zvisina kutaurwa, kubvira 2003 nzira itsva yekupikisa yakakurumbira yakagadzirwa nenzira yemadziro muWest Bank. Varimi vePalestine vane minda iri kubirwa, pamwe chete nevashori veIsrael vekugara kwavo, vanomira zuva nezuva pamberi pemabulldozer neuto reIsrael. Munzira iyi, nyaya yeimwe Israel-Palestine iri kuzvarwa. Inokodzera bhuku rayo, asi ndinoda kutaurira pano imwe yenhoroondo yaro inokurudzira, ndichitarisa kuti yakamira sei kudivi reIsrael.
1. 2003 – Kuyambuka mitsetse
Kubva pakutanga chaipo kudzvanyirirwa kweIsrael kwePalestine intifada muna Gumiguru 2000, pakabuda kubva pakati peIsrael Kuruboshwe mapoka mazhinji anopikisa mauto akasimuka nekupokana nechikamu chitsva chekugara. Pakati pavo paive nemapato akasiyana-siyana ekupikisa: Coalition of Women for Just Peace, iyo inosanganisira masangano emadzimai akati wandei uye nhengo dzawo dzairatidzira muTel Aviv kutanga kwaGumiguru 1 2000; Ta’ayush Arab-Jewish, bato reIsrael Palestine nemaJuda rinotarisa pabasa rekubatana nevaPalestine munzvimbo dzakatorwa; veteran movement Gush Shalom, nevamwe vakawanda.[2] Kune mazhinji emapoka aya, kunyanya Ta’ayush, musimboti waive wekuti kurwira runyararo nekupokana nekugara, kunofanirwa kuve nekupokana kweIsrael nePalestine. Kudivi rePalestine, kwaive nemanzwi aikura achidaidzira kuti vanhu vadzoke kumhirizhonga yakakurumbira uye yevagari, uye kure nehondo. Kubva pakutanga kwechipiri chePalestine intifada, maIsrael nePalestine vakaronga kuratidzira murunyararo, vachitambanudza maoko kune mumwe nemumwe munzvimbo dzakavharirwa nemauto eIsrael nenzvimbo dzekutarisa. Ta’ayush nemamwe mapoka akatangawo makorokoto ekubatana kuenda kumatunhu, achiendesa chikafu nemishonga. Varatidziri mumapoka mazhinji vakapinda mukukohwa maorivhi ePalestine, kuitira kuchengetedza maPalestine kubva mukurwiswa kwevatorwa. Mune chimwe chiitiko chakatanhamara, muna October 2002, bazi rokuJerusarema reTa’ayush rakaramba riripo siku nesikati kwevhiki mbiri mumusha weYanun pedyo neNablus, une vagari vemo vakatanga kubuda nemhaka yokutambudzwa nguva dzose nevagari vemo. “ uto reIsrael rakafuratira.
Asi pakazosvika 2003 pakanga paine manzwiro, kunyanya pakati pevatsva, chizvarwa chechidiki chevamiriri veIsrael vakapinda muhondo yekurwisa kugara mukati meintifada, kuti zviito zvekubatana izvi hazvina kukwana. Kunyange ivo vaive vakanyanya kukosha mukuvaka bato rekurwisa kugara uye kutungamira Israel kutarisisa kune chokwadi chekugara, ivo havana kukura kuita mubatanidzwa weIsrael-Palestine kurwisana kwezvematongerwo enyika, vachitungamirirwa nemaPalestine pachavo. Pakupera kwa2002, kuvakwa kweWest Bank wall kwakatanga. Pakave nekunzwa, kunyanya pakati pevadiki, kuti kurwisa kwaida kupinda muchikamu chitsva kuitira kuchengetedza nyika yePalestine yaive, uye inoramba ichibatwa. Kuti vakwanise kuramba kuvakwa kwemadziro, maIsrael aifanira kuyambuka mitsara - kumira pamwe chete nemaPalestine mukurwisana kwavo kusina chisimba pamusoro penyika yavo, kurwisana nemauto avo. Tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika muIsrael panguva iyoyo, kune vazhinji veIsrael, kusanganisira vanopesana nekugara, iri raive danho rakaoma kutora.
Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakadaro, imwe nzira yekutsigira kurwisana kwePalestine yakanga ichikura muNzvimbo Dzakatorwa. Muchirimo 2001, boka revaratidziri vepasi rese rakabatana nePalestine kumisa International Solidarity Movement (ISM).[3] (Mumwe wevatangi vayo veIsrael/Palestine akanga ari Netta Golan, muIsraeri aigara muRamallah.) Kubva ipapo, mazana evazvipiri vanobva kumativi ose enyika vakaenda kuPalestine ndokuchengeta kuvapo kwenguva dzose mumisha namataundi ePalestine, kuti vagovere dziviriro huru kuPalestine. maPalestine sezvavanokwanisa, kunyora kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu, kudzivirira kuputswa kwedzimba nekudzurwa kwemiti, uye kuita mamwe mabasa anodiwa kuti vanhu vePalestine vararame mhiri kweWest Bank neGaza Strip. Ava vaive vanhu vaisaonekwa sevanogovana mutoro wekudzvinyirirwa kwevanhu vePalestine; vakanga vasiri vevanhu vakanga vagere. Zvakadaro, vakasarudza kuuya kuzobatana nehondo yePalestine, ichisundwa nepfungwa yekururamisira uye yehunhu.
Vashoma vevaratidziri vechidiki veIsrael vakasarudza kujoinha ISM voga, kazhinji vasingafumure kuzivikanwa kwavo seIsrael. Muna 2002, vakatanga kufamba munzvimbo dzose dzeWest Bank, vachidzidza nezvemamiriro ezvinhu ikoko, uye vachitsvaga nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivisa basa racho. Mumwe wavo aive Yonatan Pollak, aive nemakore makumi maviri, wekuTel Aviv, uyo akazove mucherechedzo wekurwisa madziro kweIsrael. MunaGunyana 20, Pollak akaenda neISM kumusha weJayous, uko 2002 muzana yeminda yepurazi yaizoiswa kudivi reIsrael reWall. “Ndakarohwa nehana. Ndakakatyamadzwa chose,†akazoti gare gare, “nokuti [zvandakaona] zvakanga zvichipesana chose chose nezvatakadzidziswa pamusoro porusvingo urwu. [4] Mavhiki ekurwa muJayous, uko vanhu vaiyedza kumisa mabulldozer nemiviri yavo, chaive chiitiko chekugadzira cheboka diki revaIsrael vakapinda. Sokutsanangura kwakazoitwa naPollak, yaive nguva yekutanga kubva pakuratidzira kuenda kune kuramba. "Panzvimbo pekubata chiratidzo pamberi peIsrael Ministry of Defense, varwi veIsrael vaive kuWest Bank nevaPalestine, vachiedza kuchengetedza nyika yePalestine kubva mukuparadzwa nekutorwa. Wakanga uri mukana wekutanga kwatiri sevamiriri veIsrael kugadzira hukama nevanhu vekuPalestine… zvichibva pakubatana, kwete kugadzirisa hukama hwekugara,†akadaro.[5]
Mukutanga kwe2003, manheru ehondo yeIraq, pakanga paine kushushikana kuri kukura pakati pevaPalestine neIsrael Kuruboshwe kuti mamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa anogona kuitika. Tichifunga kuti vezvenhau veIsrael vaive vataura nezvekuti maPalestine angagadzirwe sei muJorodhani, iyo pachayo inogona kupihwa zvikamu zve "yakasunungurwa" Iraq,[6] vamwe vaityira kuti chiito chokuchinjisa chingatoitika muchivande chehondo. Asi kutya kukuru, uko kwakaratidza kuve kwakavakirwa zvakanaka, kwakafunga zvaizoitika munzvimbo dziri parutivi penzira yemadziro. Nekutarisisa kwepasirese kwakanangana neIraq, Israel inogona kuyedza kuwedzera kuvaka rusvingo - uye kudzvanyirira nehutsinye chero kuedza kupikiswa. MunaKurume uyu, mauto eIsrael akatanga kurwisa varatidziri veISM vaive mumatunhu vachiona hutsinye uye nekumanikidza kuzvidzora kwemauto kuburikidza nekuvapo kwavo chete. Musi waKurume 16, Rachel Corrie, mudzidzi wemakore makumi maviri nematatu kubva kuOlympia, Washington, uye muimbi ane kutenda kwakadzama mumunhu uye kururamisira, akamhanyiswa uye akaurayiwa muropa rinotonhora neIsrael bulldozer muGaza. Musi waApril 23, Brian Avery wekuNorth Carolina akapfurwa kumeso netangi reIsrael muJenin. (Avery akapona, mushure memwedzi yekuvandudzwa kwechiso muchipatara.). Mazuva matanhatu gare gare, murungu Tom Hurndall akapfurwa mumusoro neIsrael snipers muRafah. Akafa kubva mukukuvadzwa kwake muna Ndira 6 14. Vamwe vatsigiri veISM vakasungwa uye vakadzingwa munyika. Mauto airatidza kuti akanga akatsunga kusapikiswa mubasa raro rokuparadza.
Pakutanga kwaKurume 2003, Palestinian Emergency Committee (PEC), yakaumbwa, inosanganisira NGOs nemapoka ekodzero dzevanhu. Yakawedzera kudanwa kumauto eIsrael anopikisa kugara pamwe chete uye kuronga zviito zvekudzivirira zvakagoverana. Mukupindura, vamiririri ve16 Israel anti-occupation mapoka vakasangana muTel Aviv musi waMarch 12, uye vhiki imwe gare gare kwaiva nemusangano wekubatana nePEC. Pakati pezvirongwa zvakawanda zvakabvumiranwa, ini ndichatevera pano chimwe chete, chine chekuita nekuvandudzwa kweramangwana rekubatana kwePalestine/Israel kurwisana nemadziro. Muchokwadi, mushure memusangano, pakave nekukakavadzana mumusasa weIsrael unopesana nekugara izvo zvakakosha kuti titarise kune chaizvo nekuti yaitarisa iyo iyo tsanangudzo uye pfungwa yePalestine inotungamirwa kurwira. Nhaurirano iyi yakaitika mumae-mail kutsamba yetsamba yeCoalition of Women for Just Peace (CWJP), uko kune mamwe akawanda emamwe mapoka anopesana nekugara anomiririrwa. Sezvo iyi yaive yakavharwa yetsamba yekuchinjana yetsamba, ini ndichasiya mazita evatori vechikamu, asi ndinogona kuburitsa kuti ndinozvifananidza naA.
Mazuva mashoma mushure memusangano weTel Aviv, murongi wegwaro reCWJP akatumira meseji: “Tine chikumbiro kubva kuTa'ayush: Ko Coalition inoda here kupa mari yechikafu kuvaPalestine vari mumatunhu?…†. Izvi zvakakumbira mhinduro inotevera kubva kuna A.
Fri, 21 Kurume 2003 18:49:54 +0100
Musoro: Re: [CWJP] mari yechikafu?
Vanodiwa vese,
…Ndakapinda musangano waKurume 12 wemasangano ese anopesana nemabasa pahofisi yaGush Shalom. Iyi yaive mhinduro kune chikumbiro chePalestine Emergency Committee kumasangano eIsrael. Y.H. vakapa pfupiso yemusangano wapfuura nekomiti, uye “rondedzero” yezvikumbiro zvavo kubva kwatiri. Chimwe chinhu chakajeka chavakataura ndechekuti panguva ino yekukurumidzira, havadi chikafu. Vakagadzirira emergency munharaunda, uye vanonzwa kuti kumberi kwakavharwa. Chavanoda kubva kwatiri irutsigiro rwezvematongerwo enyika. Chikumbiro chavakoshesa zvikuru ndechekuti paizovewo nemaIsrael pakati pevanhu vepasi rose vakabatana munzvimbo, kunyanya munguva ino ine njodzi.
Ndinotenda kuti pane chikonzero chakadzama chechikumbiro chavo chekuti isu tisatarise iko zvino pakudya, chikonzero chandinogovera zvakadzama. Kana tikaramba tichitarisa nezvekupa chikafu, izvi zvinoratidza kuti basa redu kune zviri kuitika ndere sangano rinopa rubatsiro… (Chokwadi handirevi kuti vanhu havafanire kupa - chete kuti hatifanirwe kunzwa vari kuita chero rudzi rwekurwa nenzira iyi)… Dambudziko rePalestine Emergency Committee rakaunzwa kwatiri nderechokwadi. Kuvepo mumataundi nemisha yakatarisana nenjodzi huru panguva ino kutora mutoro chaiwo. Zvakaoma, kunyange zvine ngozi. Zviripachena kuti mauto ari kuyedza kutyisidzira vanhu vepasi rose vakabatana, naRachel Corrie akafa, uye Eric Hawanith, 21, wekuChicago akakuvadzwa muNablus nezuro. Asi ini handitendi kuti vanozoshinga kushandisa nzira imwechete kune maIsrael. Chokwadi chekuti takakokwa chinotipa vimbiso yekuchengeteka kubva kudivi rePalestine. Sezvo pari zvino mamiriro echimbichimbi, pamwe tingafunga nzira dzekuita maererano neizvi?
A.
Kuburikidza nemhinduro uye nhaurirano yakatevera, zvakava pachena kuti paive nemibvunzo miviri yakakosha iyo vatori vechikamu vaisakwanisa kuwana kubvumirana. Mumwe ainetseka kuti koni dzechikafu dzakanga dzichiri nzira ine revo yokutamburira panguva iyoyo. Imwe yacho yaive pfungwa yekurwa pamwe chete, naA achimiririra chinzvimbo chekuti panofanira kunge vari maPalestine vanotungamira kurwira uye kupa pfungwa dzayo nemazano. Mhinduro inotevera kubva kunhengo yeTa’ayush yakataura mubvunzo wekutanga, ichitsanangura kukosha kwekuchengetedza mikova yechikafu:
Date: Mugovera, 22 Kurume 2003 23:01:39 +0200
Ku: “Mubatanidzwa Wevakadzi Werunyararo”
Nyaya: A email
Vanodiwa Vese,
Ndinofanira kusabvumirana naA.
Kutanga chokwadi. Maererano neWorld Bank migumisiro yekukomba iyi inotyisa. Mwedzi makumi maviri neminomwe mushure mekuputika kwe intifada, 60 muzana yevanhu veWest Bank neGaza Strip vanogara pasi pehurombo hwepasi rose hwemadhora maviri pazuva. Huwandu hwevarombo hwakapetwa katatu kubva pa2 munaGunyana 637,000 kusvika pamamiriyoni maviri nhasi… Kudyiwa kwechikafu kumunhu kwakadzikira nezvikamu makumi matatu kubva muzana mumakore maviri apfuura uye kune kushomeka kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri muGaza Strip, zvakaenzana nemazinga anowanikwa mune vamwe varombo. nyika dziri kumaodzanyemba kweSahara, sezvakawanikwa mune ichangoburwa Johns Hopkins University Study. Saka, pasinei nezvinotaurwa nevamwe vanhu, panoratidzika kuva pane kudiwa kukuru kwezvokudya.
Zvematongerwo enyika. Ndinogoverana naA. kutya kwake kuti varwiri veIsrael vachaita zvematongerwo enyika ekupikisa uye kusimbisa panzvimbo yayo nzira yekubatsira vanhu. Asi izvi handizvo zvakare maererano nemushandirapamwe wezvekudya.
MuSouth Hebroni, semuenzaniso, imwe yenzvimbo dzatakaendesa chikafu vhiki ino vagari vemo vari kurwisana zuva nezuva nemazino avo kuti abate pasi, pasinei nekushungurudzwa, kutyisidzira nguva dzose uye chisimba chevatorwa neuto reIsrael. Kushanya kwechikafu pamwe nekubatana kwatakaita ikoko kutanga kwesvondo rino kwakakosha mukurwira kwavo, kunove kurwira kwedu. Chokwadi, chikafu chekudya chinoitirwa kusimbisa vaTzumud [kunamatira kune nyika] yePalestine, vari kurwisana nematambudziko ese, vachiedza kusungirira apo Sharon nehurumende yeIsrael nguva dzose uye nekuparadza zvivakwa zvavo zvekuvapo.
Chechipiri, mabasa anorongwa naTa'ayush, kusanganisira danidziro yechikafu, anokwanisa kuita zvimwe zvinhu zvishoma. Chekutanga, nekuenda kunzvimbo dzakavharwa dzemauto tinotyora kukomba kwemauto, zvematongerwo enyika, zvemuviri, uye zvepfungwa zvipingamupinyi zviri pahwaro hwemitemo yaSharon. Vhiki rino takaunza mazana evanhu kunzvimbo yeSalfit iyo yaive yakavharwa zvakanyanya, kusanganisira maIsrael mazhinji aive munzvimbo dzakagarwa kekutanga…
Chechitatu, chirongwa chekudya chinoshandiswa kuunganidza vanhu veIsrael nevepasi rose, nekufumura zvakare kudzvinyirirwa uye kukundwa kwevanhu vePalestine. In uye pachayo kuratidzwa kwehurombo hwakaipisisa munzvimbo dzakagarwa, kunyanya panguva iyo vezvenhau vasina hanya nezvakawanda kunze kwehondo yekurwisa Iraq, chiitiko chakakosha chezvematongerwo enyika…
Zvakanakisa, B.
Hurukuro yacho yakaenderera mberi, vatori vechikamu vazhinji vachitsigira B uye vachiwedzera dzimwe nharo pamusoro pekukosha kwekoniyuta dzechikafu. Hapana akanga asina chokwadi nokukosha kwebasa rokubatsira vanhu uye kubatsira vanhu vanotambura. Zvakadaro, maonero aAâ aive ekuti rubatsiro rwakadaro harugone kutsiva kurwisana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Kutarisa pahondo chete yekupona kwevakadzvinyirirwa zvinoreva, zvisina kunanga, kubvuma kuti mamiriro acho haagone kudzoserwa kumashure. Pane tariro iri muchikamu chinotevera chekuramba nekurwa. Chero zvazvingava, chinhu chakakosha panguva iyoyo ndechekuti danho rekubvisa kutarisa kure nerubatsiro nebasa rekubatana rakabva kumaPalestine. Uyu mubvunzo wechipiri, pamusoro pezvinoreva kurwisana kwakabatana, wakafuratirwa zvikuru muhurukuro. A akapindura B nevamwe:
Date: Svondo, 23 Kurume 2003 20:00:12 +0100
Musoro: [CWJP] Takatarisana nechikumbiro chekuPalestine
Vanodiwa vese,
Ndichiedza kufunga nzira iyo nhaurirano yePalestine chikumbiro chekukurumidzira yakatanga, ndinofunga kuti nyaya mbiri dzakabatanidzwa. Iyo, iyo yakawanda mhinduro dzine chekuita nayo, ndiyo nzira dzedu dzezuva nezuva uye dzenguva refu dzinotarisana nehutsinye hwekugara uye kutambura kwevaPalestine, uye imwe, iyo yandanga ndichiedza kuisa pfungwa pairi, ndiyo mhinduro yedu kune chikumbiro che. iyo Palestinian Emergency Committee (PEC).
Sekuona kwandinogona kuona, hapana kana imwe yemhinduro dzechikafu-mupiro munhaurirano iripo yakataura nezve chirevo chevatinoshanda navo vePalestine. Hurukuro iyi yakaramba iine ongororo yemukati yezvinotendwa nemauto ekurwisa kubatwa kweIsrael zvakanakira maPalestine, kana kurwira zvematongerwo enyika kwevaIsrael.
Kukwidzwa kwePEC kumasangano eIsrael chimwe chinhu chenhoroondo, uye, mumaonero angu, inofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya…
Nezve[chikumbiro chePEC choku]vapo munzvimbo dzine ngozi: Mazuva okupedzisira, boka redu rave richiumbwa, vangada kushanda pairi. Pfungwa yekutanga yakaumbwa kuburikidza nekumwe kubvunzana nePEC neISM, ndeyekuti kuWest Bank, nzvimbo iri munjodzi huru ndeye Maodzanyemba - nzvimbo dzakatenderedza "fenzi" nyowani (Qalqilia, etc)…
A.
Kukakavadzana kwakaramba kuchiitika kwemazuva akati kuti, ndokuzopera pasina kuwirirana. Avo vakazopindura kudanwa kwePalestine vaive panguva iyo vatsigiri vezera diki (vazhinji vavo vasina kuzvinetsa negakava rekare reemail). Panguva iyoyo pakanga paine mutsauko wemaonero pakati pechizvarwa chidiki, icho chaive chagadzirira kuyambuka mitsara uye kubatana nevaPalestine mukurwira kwavo, uye nemapoka akamiswa anopesana nekugara ainyanya kungwarira (asi aizozobatana). Panenge panguva imwe cheteyo, ndakanga ndasaina (pamwe chete nevanhu vanosvika zviuru zana kubva pasirese) chikumbiro chakatangwa neZnet chakabuda mukupindura kutyisidzira kwenguva itsva yehondo inotungamirwa neU.S. Vakasaina vakazvipira kuhondo yepasi rose yerunyararo nekururamisira, mukubatana nevanhu vakadzvinyirirwa pasi rose.[7] Ndakafunga kujoina chizvarwa chidiki chevamiriri veIsrael mukutsvaga kwavo kurwira zvine mutsindo.
Musi waKubvumbi 5 2003, apo US yaibhomba Baghdad, musasa wekutanga wekudzivirira madziro wakavambwa mumusha weMas’ha, kumaodzanyemba kweguta rekuchamhembe kweWest Bank reQalqilya. (ona MEPU PAPEJI **[8]) "Pasi pehondo yeIraq, hunyengeri hwe "chengetedzo," uye kunyarara kwevatori venhau, "akadaro mupepeti wekutanga wakaburitswa nemusasa, "rusvingo rwerusaruraganda rwuri kuitwa. akavakwa kure nemuganhu wegirini, achibvuta zviuru zveminda yekurima nematsime emvura emisha yose.†Uye bepa remashoko romusasa wacho rakatsanangura zvakaitika:
Magandanga asvika kumusha weMas’ha, wakatarisana nemusha weIsrael Elkanah. Elkana iri kure nemakiromita manomwe kubva pamutsetse wakasvibira, asi nzira yefenzi, yakatenderwa mumusangano wehurumende waChikumi 7, 24, yakachinjwa kuti ibatanidzewo Elkana mudivi reIsrael. Mabuldozer akatanga kuparadzanisa Mas’ha, chaizvoizvo, kubva patsime rayo roga rasara rekurarama pashure pemakore maviri nehafu okuvharwa. 2002% yenyika yeMas'ha ichaiswa kudivi reIsrael refenzi - pakati pefenzi uye girini mutsara, pamwe nezviuru zvemadunam eBidia Sanniriya nemimwe misha iri munharaunda. Pamwe chete nenyika dzichagurwa misha, ruzhowa runodimbura mugwagwa kubva kuJenin kuenda kuRamallah, chikamu chayo chava kudivi reIsrael refenzi, nokudaro zvichisimbisazve kuparadzaniswa kwePalestine enclaves kubva kune mumwe.
Danho rekutanga musasa wacho rakabva kuvarimi vomumusha uyu, vakanga vachirasikirwa neminda yavo. Simba raityaira rakanga riri Nazee Shalabi, baba vevana vanomwe, vakanga vakatsunga kusasiya nyika yavo pasina kutamburira. Akaunganidza pamwe chete boka revaaigara navo vakatsunga zvakaenzana, pakati pavo Tayseer Ezzedden naRa’ad Amer, uye pamwe naRiziq Abu Nasser, mukuru weLand Defence Committee mudunhu reSalfit, vakaunganidza kanzuru yemusha, vakaronga kuratidzira uye. yakasangana nevanorwira nyika munzvimbo iyi. Boka remadzimai epasi rose reIWPS (International Women’s Peace Service), raigara mumusha uri pedyo weHares, rakapindura pakarepo. Yonatan Pollak nevamwe vechidiki vechidiki vechiIsrayeri, avo panguva iyoyo vakanga vachifamba nenzira yekumadziro kuchamhembe kweWest Bank uye vachionana nevanhu vekuPalestine, pamwe nenhengo dzeISM neIWPS, vakagamuchirwa muMas’ha ndokuva. vadyidzani mukurwira rusvingo.
Musasa weMas’ha wakamiswa padyo nenzira yemadziro, nedonzvo rekunyora, kuratidzira, kutarisisa kutarisisa kweIsrael nepasirese, asi kunyatsodzivirira kunetsana nemabhurudhoza kana mauto eIsrael. Zvaiva pachena kuti chero kuedza kuvhiringa basa pamadziro kwaizobva kwaita kuti mauto avhare nzvimbo yacho nekuputsa musasa. Nokuomerera kunheyo dzayo dzokudzivisa kusava nechisimba, musasa wakagara kwemwedzi mina.nehondo yeIsrael isingagoni kuwana chikonzero chokuiparadza. [9]
Kugara kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana mumusasa kwakachengetedzwa, paine vashoma maIsrael maviri, maPalestine maviri uye vaviri vekune dzimwe nyika vairarapo husiku hwega hwega, uye kazhinji vamwe vazhinji. Kudivi reIsrael, musasa wakakurumidza kukwezva huwandu hwakawanda hwevaratidziri vechidiki, kubva kune vezvakatipoteredza nevanorwira kodzero dzemhuka, kune vanarchist, vadzidzi uye vana vechikoro chesekondari. Ichi chaive chizvarwa chitsva chekurwisa-kugara - vechidiki vakawana dzidzo yezvematongerwo enyika kuburikidza neimwe nzira dzeinternet, uye ivo pachavo vaive nechekuita mukugadzira Israel Indymedia. Vamwe vakanga vapedza zvidzidzo zvePrague neGenoa anti-corporate kuratidzira, uye vakazviona sechikamu chechizvarwa chevapanduki vepasi rose; vamwe vakangosundwa nekutsvaga kwechokwadi kweruramisiro.[10] Pamapoka evarwi vehondo, uyo akapa rutsigiro kubva pakutanga aive Gush Shalom, naOren Medics semumwe wevarongi vemusasa, uye Uri Avnery aigara achitaura mukuratidzira kwemusasa. Mamwe maveterans akabatana aisanganisira Dorothy Naor neni.
Musasa weMas’ha wakakurumidza kuva musimboti wekurwira madziro, nemapoka makuru achipedza zuva riripo pazviitwa kubva pakuratidzira uye kudzidziswa kusinga mhirizhonga, kumisangano nenhaurirano dzakatora nguva refu kusvika husiku. Misimboti yakagovaniswa nevaratidziri vechidiki yaive iya yemafambisirwo epasi rose: demokrasi yakananga uye kurwira pasi rose. Sezvineiwo, iyi yaive nguva yekutanga munhoroondo yese yeOccupation iyo chaiyo yakabatana yeIsrael-Palestinian grassroots kurwa kwaiumba. Kare, kubatana kweIsrael-Palestine kwave kuri chigadzirwa chekubatana pakati pe "hutungamiriri" muRamallah neTel Aviv, kazhinji ichipera pasina chimwe kunze kwekupihwa kwechikumbiro chakabatana. MuMas’ha, mweya wehutongi hwejekerere wakakunda: sarudzo pamusoro pezviito nemitemo yehondo yemubatanidzwa dzakatorwa mumisangano pamusasa neavo vaivepo, kwete kuitwa nehumwe hutungamiriri huri kure. Kune vazhinji vevaIsrael, aka kaive kekutanga kusangana nerimwe divi, nepo maPalestine aingoziva maIsrael sevashandirwi kana masoja. “Kusvikira masvika,†Nazee Shalabi akamboti, “Ini ndanga ndisingazivi kuti kune maIsraeri anoda kugara nesu murunyararo.†Tiri pakati pehurukuro yeropa nekutyisa. iyo yakatekeshera muIsrael kwenguva refu kwazvo, vanhu muMas’ha vakanga vachigadzira nzira itsva dzokugara pamwe chete mukurwisana.
Murwiri weAmerica uye munyori Starhawk, akashanyira Mas’ha sechikamu cherwendo rwake neISM, akatora mweya wake muchidimbu chake - gore rinouya muMas’ha’.[11]:
Manheru ePaseka, mushure memwedzi wandakapedza ndiri munzvimbo dzakatorwa dzePalestine ndichishanda nesangano reInternational Solidarity, mwedzi wakaona mumwe wevanhu vedu achimhanyiswa nemaune nebulldoza raityairwa nemurwi weIsrael, uye majaya maviri akapfura nemaune. , mumwe pachiso, mumwe mumusoro, ndakazviwana ndisingakwanisi kutarisana nekariro yeSeder, kunyange neshamwari dzangu dzesangano rorugare reIsrael. Handina kukwanisa kugara ndichichema huranda hwedu hwekare kana kupemberera rwendo rwedu rwekuenda kunyika yechipikirwa. Ndaitya kuti ndingasvipa kuvava nemunyu patafura yese yeSeder yandaishongedza, ndikapwanya chimwe chinhu. Saka ndakaenda kumusasa werunyararo paMas’ha. Mas’ha aida vanhu, uye mwedzi wakanga wakazara, uye ndakafunga kuti ndaigona kungorara pasi pasi nechiedza chemwedzi uye kurega kumwe kuvava kuchipera...
Kuve kuMas’ha kunenge kuri kuperera mukukonana. Road block inoparadzanisa musha kubva pakugara ndiyo kupatsanura pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvechokwadi. Ndakasvika kuna Elkana kubva kuTel Aviv mubhazi revashanyi, rizere nechembere dzaigona kunge dziri madzitete angu neharahwa vangadai vaive sekuru vangu… Takatyaira nemune imwe nzvimbo kuti vanhu vaburuke ndichibva ndaratidzwa zvairatidzika. nzvimbo yakasimwa yeSouthern California, izere nemagadheni akasvibira nedzimba itsva, zvese zvine budiriro uye chengetedzo yakasununguka-inopihwa nevarindi vakapakatira zvombo uye reza waya nemauto eIsrael… Kubva kuna Elkanah, ndakafamba munzira mazana mashoma emayadhi ndokukwira. pamusoro peroad block yakavharwa kudzivirira maPalestine kubva muIsrael. Ndakanga ndiri mumusha une huruva wedzimba dzakasakara dzematombo nesamende nezvitoro zvakapfigwa, ndichitsigira makomo akazaruka emiorivhi yekare.
Musasa uri paMas’ha uri pachikomo, matende maviri epingi akavakirwa mumunda wemiorivhi panzvimbo ine matombo akazara nemaruva emusango, mutsvairo yeyero, uye pearly prickly. Maorivhi anopa mumvuri uye dzimwe nguva backrest. Kana iwe ukatarisa kune rimwe divi, masango akatambanudzwa pazasi pechikomo kwemakiromita egirini yakapfava ine zvikomo zvebhuruu kumashure kwevhu nemisha midiki mhiri, Asi kutenderedza chikomo, uye kucheka grey kuyambuka makomo, ndiko nzvimbo yekuparadzwa, boka rakakura remiti yakadzurwa uye ivhu risina chinhu, uko hofori yebackhoe iri kuumburuka seimwe hofori, chikara chekare, ichibvuta nekupwanya matombo, ichikwenya pasi, ichizadza mhepo neguruva uye kuvhuvhuta kwemainjini ayo ...
Mumwe murume wechidiki akagara pasi pemuti pandinosvika, achinyora pamatombo ane black marker. Murimi, anondiudza. MuchiArabic, anonyora kuti, “Usateme miti.” Anofunga kwechinguva, uye anowedzera imwe mutsara wakanaka. Ndinomukumbira kuti ashandure. Anondipa nyemwerero inotapira, uye anonongedzera pasi. "Ichi chii?" “Panyika?” Ndinobvunza… “Nyika inotaura chiArabic,” anondiudza.
VaIsraeri vese asi mumwe chete vakaenda kunopemberera Paseka nemhuri dzavo. Kune vaviri chete vedu kubva kuISM uye mukadzi mumwe kubva kuIWPS vanogara pamusoro, pamwe chete nevaviri vePalestine, kuchengetedza musasa. Kana mwedzi wakazara uchibuda, ndinovata pamatombo uye ndofungisisa. Ndiri kutarisira kuwana rugare kana kuporeswa, asi nyika iri kutambudzika pano uye chandinogona kunzwa kurwadziwa kwake chete. Kudzika nekudzika, nemuzvikamu nemazana emakore uye nguva, ndinonzwa madzitateguru achichema. Nyika yakanyura muropa, uye zvizvarwa zvakatarisana nemasimba ane utsinye uye zvakagurwa, uye nei isu tichifanira kuve takasiyana? Ndinomutswa kumaXNUMX AM kuti nditore nguva yangu pawachi. Ndakagara pamoto, ndaneta, uye pakupedzisira ndinobatwa nehope, ndichimuka zvakare mangwanani ndichinzwa kurwara mumwoyo.
Asi vanhu vanotanga kusvika, kumusangano wemasikati. Vakadzi vanobva kuIWPS, nevarume vanobva mumusha, uye gumi nevaviri veIsrael. Tinogara pasi petende nemativi aro akasimudzwa, tichitaura nezvokuvaka mushandirapamwe wenyika yose parusvingo. Mumwe wevarume vacho, muvezi wematombo, anovaka zvivako zviduku nematombo ari patsoka dzedu sezvatinotaura. “Pamwe hatingazvimise pano,” mumwe murume womumusha anodaro,”
Asi pamwe tinogona kuzvimisa kune dzimwe nzvimbo. "
VaIsraeri vanouya kazhinji vadiki. Vanopikisa vanarchist nemapunk nengochani nevadzidzi vanebvudzi remusango, uye zvinondishamisa kuti meya weMas’ha nevatungamiriri vemusha munharaunda inochengetedza magariro vanogona kunge vaine zvimwe zvakafanana nemaJuda eOrthodox anovenga kupfuura ivo. vapanduki vesango ava, venzanga. Asi musha unovagamuchira vese nenyasha dzakanaka uye nemoyo unodziya wePalestine kugamuchirwa. Mumwe mukadzi anobva muboka re "Black Laundry", izvo zvinoda imwe shanduro yakaoma-nzira nhatu yemutambo wechiHebheru pamashoko. [MuchiHebheru, izwi rekuwacha hembe ndikvisa, uye izwi regwai ndi kivsa. Saka zita reboka - mbichana mbichana rinoratidza kufumurwa kwezvakaipa, rinogadzira kudyidzana nemakwai matema â kumiririra avo vanoonekwa newirirano sevakatsauka.] Anotsanangura kuti iboka rengochani, uye anobvunza muturikiri wedu kana iro idambudziko. "Kwete ini," anodaro achikwenya zvishoma, uye musangano unoenderera.
Takazosangana nemadzimai emumusha, avo vanoda kuziva kuti tingavabatsira here nenzira ipi zvayo. Vave kuda kurasikirwa nemararamiro avo‹pane zvatingaita here? Tine hurukuro yakareba pamusoro pezvatinoita muISM, uye tinovimbisa kutsvakurudza masangano anoita basa rekusimudzira nharaunda.
Kumusasa, vose vechidiki shabab-temu yevechidiki, varume vasina kuroora-vakabuda manheru. Tinogara takatenderedza moto apo vaviri vevarume vacho vakatigadzirira kudya kwemanheru, vachiseka uye vachitaura. Uye pakarepo ndinoona chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa chiri kuitika. VaIsraeri nevaPalestine vanogona kutaurirana, nokuti majaya mazhinji anotaura chiHebheru. Vari kutandara pamoto vachitaura nyaya, vachiseka nekutandara vese. Ivo vari kurembera kungofanana neboka ripi neripi repwere rakatenderedza mwoto usiku, sokunge kuti vakanga vasiri vavengi vane hasha, sokunge kwaigona kuva kuri nyore chaizvoizvo uku kugara pamwe chete murugare.
Saka chaive chishamiso cheSeder gore rino, pita pachinzvimbo cheMatzoh, mazai akakweshwa nematomatisi, hummous pane soup yehuku, mvura pachinzvimbo chewaini, uye pachinzvimbo chemaror, miriwo inovava yandanga ndaravira, zvishoma zvinotapira. wetariro.
Handikwanise kuti zvakare "gore rinouya muJerusarema." Handichatenda muchivimbiso chenyika inoda kuvakwa kwemadziro ekongiri neshongwe dzevarindi uye kuponda kunoenderera mberi kuti idzivirire… Asi ndinoda kutenda muchivimbiso cheMas’ha, mumuenzaniso wevanhu , vakatarisana nekuparadzwa zvachose kwezvose zvavanoda uye vachikoshesa, vakazarura mwoyo yavo kuvana vemuvengi uye vakakumbira rubatsiro. Ndinoda kutenda muIsraeri inoratidzirwa mumaziso eavo vanopindura kudanwa ikoko. Kuti neimwe nzira, pamukaha uyu uri pakati pevakundi neavo vanoramba kukundwa pakupedzisira, mabhiriji nekubatana nemisangano zviri kuitika zvinogona kuputsa madziro ekuparadzana.
Panosvika gore rinouya, musasa kuMas’ha ungangove waenda. Nechekare makondirakiti anoshandira mauto eIsrael atotanga kuputika gomba richazotema miti yemiorivhi kubva mumusha. Mushandirapamwe wepasi rose wekumisa kuvakwa kwemudhuri watanga, asi chokwadi ndechekuti vanokwanisa kuuvaka nekukurumidza kupfuura zvatingaronga kuumisa.
Asi ndinotaura zvakare, sechiito chekutenda kwakachena.
Gore rinouya kuMas’ha.
Pakazosvika pakati paChikumi 2003, vangangoita chiuru maIsrael vaive vashanyira musasa kana kurara husiku, uye musimboti wevaratidziri venguva dzose veIsrael waisvika mazana matatu evanhu. Musasa wakatanga kukwezva kuburitswa kwenhau, nekudaro uchitarisa kumadziro, ayo kusvika panguva iyoyo akange asina kumbove negakava reruzhinji muIsrael. Kune chikamu chikuru, vezvenhau veIsrael vakaramba vachiona rusvingo sechinhu chakakodzera uye chakakosha chekuchengetedza, asi chokwadi chaicho chemadziro chaipinda zvishoma nezvishoma kuziva kwenyika dzese.
Kubva pakutanga, musasa weMas’ha wakatarisana nechipingamupinyi chaisatarisirwa – Palestinian Authority. Kwete chete vamiriri vedunhu rePA havana kutsigira sangano revanhu vemusha; vakamanikidza musasa nenzira dzose. Zvikonzero zvemaitiro akadaro zvakaoma uye zvinorwadza. Sezvataona, kutevera zvibvumirano zveOslo iyo nzvimbo yepasi yepasi yakasimbiswa panguva yekutanga yePalestine Intifada mukupera kwe1980s yakaparadzwa zvachose uye yakatsiviwa nehutongi hwakasimba hunodzorwa naArafat uye denderedzwa rake repedyo.[12] Zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa pari zvino nezvehuwori hwemasangano ekutonga aya, asi chakanyanya kutariswa inyaya yekuti vanga vachishanda pamwe nekubatana neIsrael, kubva padanho rekubatana kwekuchengetedza kusvika kune rekutonga kwemaguta nemisha. . Munzvimbo yega yega maive nePalestine “District Coordination Office†(DCO), ichishanda yakabatana nemumwe wayo weIsrael. Tsananguro yerupo yekupokana nehutungamiri hwedunhu kumusasa weMas’ha ndeyekuti haugone kupa mvumo kune zviitwa zvepasi pasi pesimba rayo. Imwe, tsananguro inorwadza (yechokwadi chete yevashoma vevatungamiriri venzvimbo) ndeyekuti ivo vaiita mirairo yeIsrael.
Tinofanira kucherechedza kuti kunyange makore matatu mushure mekunge basa pamadziro ratanga, dzimbahwe reRamallah rePA rakanga risati raita chinhu chekuratidzira kupokana nazvo, kana kutsigira kurwira kwevanhu vaigara munzira yemadziro. Muna Zvita 2004, mwedzi gumi nemisere mushure mezviitiko zveMas’ha, apo kuratidzira kwanga kwatopararira munzira yemadziro, Ha’aretz yakashuma pamusoro pekuratidzira kwakaitwa nevazhinji vePalestine kunze kwemusangano wedare remakurukota ePalestine muRamallah. Vakapomera dare remakurukota mhosva yekumisa madziro: ‘Makurukota haana hany'a nezve chipingamupinyi, hachina basa navo. Vanowana kurapwa kweVIP kunzvimbo dzekutarisa uye vanotumira vana vavo kunodzidza kunze kwenyika,’ Salameh Abu Eid, makumi maviri nemashanu, anobva kumusha weBiddu akaudza Reuters… ‘Tinokukumbirai, Qureia, kuti murege kugovera simende kumadziro!’ ivo akashevedzera… Kuratidzira kwehasha uku kwakaratidza kusagutsikana kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera nekukura kunofungidzirwa kuti kusakwanisa uye huori hwePalestinian Authority, izvo zvakonzera kukurumbira kukuru kwevarwi veIslam.â€[13] Dzimwe nguva, matanho ePalestinian Authority achipokana nekurwira aifananidzwa neIsrael. Muna Chivabvu 2005, mukuratidzira kwakafanana kwakarongwa nekomiti ine mukurumbira yemusha weBill’in, kwandinodzokera kuhondo, muratidziri wemumusha uyu akarohwa zvakaipisisa nemapurisa ePalestinian Authority.