Pankhondo, anthu amafa pazifukwa zopanda pake kapena nthawi zambiri popanda chifukwa. Amamwalira chifukwa cha ngozi zakubadwa, tsoka lobadwira m'malo olakwika - Cambodia or Gaza, Afghanistan or Ukraine - pa nthawi yolakwika. Amafa chifukwa cha zochitika, posankha kubisala m'nyumba pamene anayenera kubisala panja kapena chifukwa chakuti adalowa mumkuntho wa gehena wa chiwonongeko pamene akanayenera kukhala. Amafa m'njira zowopsa kwambiri - kuwomberedwa mumsewu, kuthetsedwa ndi zida zankhondo, kuthamangitsidwa ndi kuwomba kwa ndege. Matupi awo amangโambika, kuwotchedwa, kapena vaporized ndi zida zowonongera anthu. Imfa yawo imayendetsedwa ndi tsoka, zolakwika, kapena zofunikira zankhondo.
Kuyambira Seputembala 2001, United States yakhala ikulimbana ndi "nkhondo yolimbana ndi zigawenga" - zomwe tsopano zimatchedwa "Nkhondo Zamuyaya" za dziko lino. Zakhala zikuchitika ku Somalia pafupifupi nthawi yonseyo. Asilikali a US Special Operations adatumizidwa kumeneko mu 2002, kutsatiridwa m'zaka zambiri ndi "thandizo lachitetezo," asilikali, makontrakitala, ma helikoputala, ndi ma drones. Zowukira ndege zaku America ku Somalia, zomwe zidayamba pansi pa Purezidenti George W. Bush mchaka cha 2007, zapitilirabe pansi pa Purezidenti Barack Obama, Donald Trump, ndi a Joe Biden ngati gawo limodzi la mikangano yomwe yakhala ikuyaka ndikuyaka kwazaka zopitilira makumi awiri. Panthawiyo, US idayambitsa ziwopsezo 282, kuphatikiza 31 zomwe zidalengezedwa ndi Biden. Dziko la US lavomereza kuti lapha anthu wamba asanu paziwopsezo zake. Gulu loyang'anira ndege zaku UK la Airwars lati chiwerengerochi ndi chokwera mpaka 3,100%.
Pa Epulo 1, 2018, Luul Dahir Mohamed, mayi wazaka 22, ndi mwana wake wamkazi wazaka 4 Mariam Shilow Muse adawonjezedwa pachiwopsezo cha anthu wamba pomwe adaphedwa. aphedwa pakuwukira kwa ndege za US ku El Buur, Somalia.
Luul ndi Mariam anali anthu wamba. Iwo anafa chifukwa cha tsoka la mphepo yamkuntho - kugwirizana kwa tsoka ndi ndondomeko zoipa, palibe vuto lawo, zonse zomwe sangathe kuzilamulira. Iwo amwalira, mwa zina, chifukwa United States ikulimbana ndi gulu lachigawenga la ku Somalia la al-Shabaab ngakhale kuti Congress sinanenepo za nkhondo yotereyi ndipo Chilolezo cha 2001 cha Kugwiritsa Ntchito Gulu Lankhondo lomwe kulungamitsidwa kwa nkhondoyi kulipo kale gululi lidakhalapo. . Anamwalira chifukwa Somalia ili ndi zosankha zochepa pankhani yamayendedwe akumidzi ndipo adakwera ndi anthu olakwika. Iwo amwalira chifukwa United States imati mtundu wake wankhondo wa drone udanenedweratu pakumenyedwa kolondola komanso kuwonongeka pang'ono. ngakhale Odziimira umboni bwino kusonyeza mwinamwake.
Pamenepa, mamembala a gulu lankhondo laku America lomwe lidachita chiwembucho adalakwitsa chilichonse. Anakangana ngakhale pazambiri zodziwika bwino monga kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe anali mgalimoto yomwe adawaukira. Iwo ankaganiza kuti mkazi ndi mwamuna ndipo sanamuonepo mtsikana wamngโonoyo. Iwo sankadziwa chimene ankayang'ana, komabe iwo anaponya mzinga wa Hellfire womwe unagunda galimotoyo pamene inkayenda mumsewu wafumbi.
Ngakhale zitachitika zonsezi, Luul ndi Mariam ayenera kuti anapulumuka. Kutsatira kumenyedwako, anthu aku America - akuwonera kanema wa drone akuzungulira pamalopo - adawona wina akutsika mgalimoto ndikuyamba kuthawa moyo wake. Pa nthawiyo, akanatha kuima kaye nโkuonanso mmene zinthu zinalili. Iwo akanatha kuyangโananso molimba mtima nโkusiya mayi ndi mwana kukhala ndi moyo. Mโmalo mwake, anaponyanso mzinga wina.
Zomwe mchimwene wake wa Luul, Qasim Dahir Mohamed - munthu woyamba pamalopo - adapeza zinali zowopsa. Mwendo wakumanzere wa Luul unadulidwa, ndipo pamwamba pamutu pake panalibe. Anamwalira atagwira Mariam yemwe thupi lake laling'ono linkawoneka, "ngati sefa."
Mu 2019, asitikali aku US adavomereza kuti adapha mayi ndi mwana wamba pa Epulo 1, 2018, drone. Koma pamene, nthawi kulengeza za The Intercept, ndakakkomana kapati ciindi ba Luul mwaka wainda mucisi ca Somalia, ku Mogadishu, bakali kulindila ku Pentagon kuti bazumanane kugwasyigwa akaambo kakugwasyigwa amulawo. Ndinali nditapeza kope la kafukufuku wa asilikali a ku United States amene banjali linali lisanaonepo. Ilo linavomereza imfa ya amayi ndi mwana koma linanena kuti iwo sangadziwike konse.
Anthu Okhazikika
Pentagon ndi kufunsa kwapezeka kuti Achimerika amene anachita sitalakayo anali osadziwa komanso osokonezeka. Ngakhale zili choncho, kafukufuku yemwe adachita chiwembucho adatsimikiza kuti njira zoyendetsera ntchito komanso malamulo ogwirira ntchito amatsatiridwa. Palibe amene anaweruzidwa mosasamala, kucheperachepera kukhala wolakwa, ndipo palibe amene akanaลตerengera mlandu wa imfazo. Uthenga wake unali woonekeratu: Luul ndi Mariam anali anthu odalirika.
"Pazaka zopitilira zisanu zoyeserera chilungamo, palibe amene adatiyankha," mchimwene wake wina wa Luul, Abubakar Dahir Mohamed, adalemba m'mawu ake. December 2023 adasinthidwa kwa nyuzipepala ya ku Africa yomwe yapambana mphoto Dziko Lapansi. Anapitiliza:
"Nditadziwa pambuyo pake kuti a US adavomera kuti adapha anthu wamba pachiwembucho, ndidawafunsanso, ndikuwauza kuti omwe adaphedwawo ndi achibale anga. Sindikudziwa ngati amawerenganso dandaulo langa.
"Mu June 2020, [US Africa Command] idawonjezera tsamba lofotokozera anthu omwe avulala pawebusayiti koyamba. Ndinasangalala kwambiri kuona zimenezi. Ndinaganiza kuti pomalizira pake panali njira yopangira madandaulo omwe angamvedwe. Ndinapereka malongosoledwe a zomwe zinachitika ndikudikirira. Palibe amene anabwerera kwa ine. Zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake, mothedwa nzeru, ndinaperekanso madandaulo. Palibe amene adayankha. Tsopano ndikudziwa kuti asitikali aku US adavomereza kuti sanapha Luul ndi Mariam, koma kuchita izi ngakhale atapulumuka kumenyedwa koyamba. Zinawapha pamene Luul anathawa galimoto yomwe ankafuna - kuthawa moyo wake, atanyamula Mariam m'manja mwake. US yanena izi m'malipoti ake, ndipo maofesala payekha alankhula ndi atolankhani. Koma silinanenepo izi kwa ife. Palibe amene adalumikizana nafe konse. โ
Kumapeto kwa mwezi watha, mgwirizano wa 24 mabungwe omenyera ufulu wa anthu adapempha Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin kuti akonzenso banja la a Luul ndi Mariam. Magulu 14 a ku Somalia ndi mabungwe 10 omwe si aboma omwe amagwira ntchito pachitetezo cha anthu wamba adalimbikitsa Austin kuti achitepo kanthu kuti afotokozere banjalo, kupepesa komanso kulipira.
"Mabungwe omwe adasaina nawo ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi chitetezo cha anthu a ku Somalia ndi mayiko akunja akulembera kuti mutengepo kanthu kuti mukwaniritse zopempha za mabanja omwe okondedwa awo adaphedwa kapena kuvulala ndi ziwopsezo za ndege zaku US ku Somalia," adatero. amawerenga kalatayo. "Lipoti latsopano likuwonetsa momwe, milandu ingapo yakuvulazidwa kwa anthu wamba ku Somalia yotsimikiziridwa ndi boma la US, anthu wamba, opulumuka, ndi mabanja awo sanalandirebe mayankho, kuyamikiridwa, ndi kukonza ngakhale ayesetsa kufikira akuluakulu kwazaka zingapo."
Patapita masiku angapo, Pentagon inavumbulutsa "Malangizo Okhudza Kuchepetsa Kuvulaza Anthu Wamba ndi Kuyankha,โ lomwe lidafotokozanso โndondomeko zopirira za dipatimentiyo, udindo wake, ndi njira zochepetsera ndi kuchitapo kanthu pa ngozi za anthu wambaโ ndipo linafotokozanso โnjira zina zotetezera anthu wamba ndi kuyankha moyenera anthu akavulala.โ Pansi pa DoD-I kapena "dody," monga amadziwika ku Pentagon, asitikali akulangizidwa kuti achitepo kanthu kuphatikiza:
(1) Kuvomereza kuvulazidwa komwe anthu wamba ndi gawo la asitikali aku US adachita poyambitsa kapena kuthandizira kuvulazako.
(2) Kupereka chipepeso kwa anthu wamba omwe akhudzidwa ndi ntchito zankhondo.
(3) Kuthandiza kuthetsa mavuto amene anthu wamba amakumana nawo.
Pansi pa DoD-I, asitikali akulangizidwa "kuvomereza kuvulazidwa kwa anthu wamba chifukwa cha ntchito zankhondo zaku US ndikuyankha anthu ndi madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi ntchito zankhondo zaku USโฆ
Ntchitoyo ikuwoneka bwino. Kukhazikitsa ndi nkhani ina kwathunthu.
Kuyimba Ifoni
Popeza kalata yochokera ku mabungwe othandiza anthu idatumizidwa kwa Austin, mlembi wa chitetezo wakhala paliponse - ndipo palibe paliponse. Mu Disembala, adapita ku Al Udeid Air Base ku Qatar kukathokoza asitikali aku America chifukwa cha "kudzikonda ndi kutumikira.โ Adakumana ndi mfumu ndi kalonga waku Bahrain kuti akambirane "mgwirizano wokhazikika wachitetezoโ ndi United States. Pa Disembala 20, adayendera USS Gerald R. Ford gulu la onyamulira kunyanja ya Mediterranean kuthokoza amalinyero chifukwa cha "kukonda dziko lako ndi ukatswiri. "
Patapita masiku angapo, Austin anachitidwa opaleshoni popanda kudziwitsa wachiwiri wake Kathleen Hicks, makamaka abwana ake, Purezidenti Biden. Pa Januware 1st, Austin adathamangitsidwanso kuchipatala, "akumva kuwawa kwambiri," koma chidziwitsocho, nachonso, chidabisidwa ku White House mpaka Januware 4, komanso kuchokera ku Congress ndi anthu aku America kwa tsiku lina.
Austin akuti adagwira ntchito m'chipinda chake chachipatala, kuyang'anira kuwukira kwa ndege zaku America ndi Britain pazigawenga za Houthi ku Yemen - kuposa. 150 zida adathamangitsidwa kuchokera kunyanja ndi mlengalenga pa Januware 11, yekha - ndikuchititsa misonkhano pafoni ndi akuluakulu ankhondo ndi National Security Council. Iye anali anamasulidwa kuchokera kuchipatala patatha masiku anayi ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito kunyumba. "Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III adalankhula pafoni lero ndi nduna ya chitetezo yaku Ukraine Rustem Umerov kuti akambirane zaposachedwa pazomwe zikuchitika," wolankhulira Pentagon Major General Pat Ryder. analengeza pa Januware 16. Patatha masiku awiri, adayimba foni ndi Minister of Defense wa Israeli Yoav Gallant. Ndipo pa 19, adalankhula ndi nduna yachitetezo yaku Sweden Pa Jonson.
Austin wakhala ndi nthawi yochuluka yoimbira foni, kuyenda, ndi opaleshoni yosankha. Iye wakhala ali padziko lonse lapansi ndipo tsopano wasakazidwa kunyumba. Koma zomwe sanachite, popeza kalata yochokera kumagulu 24 opereka chithandizo idatumizidwa ku Pentagon kuposa mwezi wapitawo, ndikuyesa kulumikizana ndi banja la Luul ndi Mariam.
โChiyambire sitirakayi, banja lathu lasweka. Patha zaka zoposa zisanu chinachitika, koma sitinathe kupitiriza,โ analemba motero Abubakar mu December. Yakhala nkhani wamba. Ku Yemen, komwe US โโyangowonjezera ziwopsezo za ndege, anthu omwe adazunzidwa ku US akudikirira - monga banja la Luul ndi Mariam - kuti avomereze ndikupepesa.
Pakati pa 2013 ndi 2020, mwachitsanzo, US idachita zigawenga zisanu ndi ziwiri ku Yemen - kumenyedwa kwa drone kasanu ndi kamodzi - zomwe zidapha mamembala 36 a mabanja okwatirana a Al Ameri ndi Al Taisy. Gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a iwo anali ana azaka zapakati pa miyezi itatu ndi zaka 14. Opulumukawo akhala akudikirira kwa zaka zambiri kuti afotokoze chifukwa chake zidachitika akukhala mwamantha. Mu 2018, Adel Al Manthari, wogwira ntchito mโboma mโboma la Yemeni, ndi asuweni ake anayi - onse anthu wamba - anali paulendo pagalimoto pamene mzinga wa US Hellfire unagunda mgalimoto yawo. Atatu mwa amunawo anaphedwa nthawi yomweyo. Winanso anamwalira patapita masiku angapo mโchipatala cha mโderalo. Al Manthari anavulazidwa kwambiri. Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kuvulala kwake anatsala pang'ono kumupha m'chaka cha 2022. Iye anapempha boma la United States kuti ligwiritse ntchito ndalama zokwana madola mamiliyoni ambiri zomwe bungwe la Congress limapereka pachaka kuti lipereke chipukuta misozi kwa anthu omwe azunzidwa ndi US. Iwo sanamvere zopempha zake. Miyendo ndi moyo wake zidapulumutsidwa ndi kukoma mtima kwa alendo kudzera a crowdsourced GoFundMe kampeni.
US ili ndi a mbiri yakale kupha anthu wamba mโndege, kulephera kufufuza za imfazo, ndi kunyalanyaza mapempho opepesa ndi chipukuta misozi. Ndi mwambo wazaka zana womwe Austin akupitiliza kuusunga, kupanga nthawi yopereka maoda kumenyedwa kwatsopano koma osapepesa chifukwa cha zigawenga zomwe zidachitika kale. Pazonsezi, banja la Luul ndi Mariam silingachite kalikonse koma kudikirira, ndikuyembekeza kuti mlembi wa chitetezo ku US ayankha kalata yotseguka ndipo pamapeto pake - mochedwa pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi - asintha.
"Mchemwali wanga adaphedwa, ndipo sadzabweranso - koma alibe ufulu wopeza chilungamo, komanso kuti banja lake lilipidwe chifukwa chotaya moyo wake?" Abubakar analemba mu op-ed yake. Iye ndi abale ake amapezeka kuti akulimbana ndi kutaya kwawo kosatha pomwe Pentagon imatulutsa zofalitsa zodzaza ndi malingaliro apamwamba komanso (mpaka pano) zopanda pake, zonena za "kupititsa patsogolo njira ya dipatimenti yochepetsera ndikuyankha kuvulazidwa kwa anthu," ndikulonjeza kuti amasinthidwa pansi pa DoD-I.
Sikuti lonjezo la Nkhondo Yachigawenga lokha liphwanyidwe. Purezidenti Joe Biden adalowa ku White House ndikulonjeza kuthetsa โnkhondo zosatha.โ "Ndiyima pano lero kwa nthawi yoyamba m'zaka 20 ndi United States osati pankhondo," Biden adalengeza mu 2021. "Tatembenuza tsamba." Izo sizinali zoona kwenikweni.
M'malo mwake, Nkhondo Zamuyaya zikuyenda kuchokera ku Middle East mpaka ku Middle East African Sahel. Ndipo ngakhale anene motsutsa, mikangano yaku America ku Somalia ikukula, nawonso, osapepesa - kuchokera ku Biden chifukwa cha lonjezo losweka la kampeni komanso ku Pentagon pakufa kwa Luul Dahir Mohamed ndi Mariam Shilow Muse.
"United States imati imathandizira kulimbikitsa demokalase, chilungamo cha anthu, malamulo, komanso kuteteza ufulu padziko lonse lapansi," adatero Abubakar. "Pamene tikuvutikira kuti azindikire kuvutika kwathu, tikukhulupirira kuti US ikumbukira zomwe amati amaimirira."
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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