"Yakinmu da ta'addanci ya fara da Al Qaeda, amma ba ya ƙare a nan," Shugaba George W. Bush aka sanar a ranar 20 ga Satumbath, 2001, bayan harin 9/11.
Bush na "Yakin Ta'addanci" bai ƙare da Al Qaeda ba - ya shiga cikin rikici marar iyaka a duniya, wanda ya jawo asarar dubban daruruwan rayuka da biliyoyin dalar Amurka masu biyan haraji.
Bush ya ci gaba da cewa, "Bai kamata Amurkawa su yi tsammanin yaki daya ba, amma dogon yakin da ba kamar yadda muka taba gani ba."
Bayan kwanaki, gwamnatin Bush ta kaddamar da yakinta na iska. A ƙarshen 2001, Amurka ta kasance ta jefa bama-bamai 17,500 a Afghanistan.
Yakin Afganistan ya shiga shekara ta 17, wanda ya sa ya zama yaki mafi tsawo a Amurka. Ma'aikatar tsaron Amurka ta Pentagon ta bayar da rahoton cewa rikicin na Afghanistan yana kashe masu biyan haraji na Amurka dala biliyan 45 a kowace shekara.
An yi bincike sosai game da tsadar ɗan adam da tattalin arziƙin yaƙin Amurka kan ta'addanci bayan 9/11 Ƙididdigar Kasuwanci, tushen daga Cibiyar Watson na kasa da kasa da Harkokin Jama'a a Jami'ar Brown.
Aikin ya ƙunshi masu bincike, masana shari'a, jami'an kare hakkin ɗan adam, da likitoci waɗanda abin da ya fi mayar da hankali shi ne bayyana farashin yaƙe-yaƙe na bayan-9/11 a Iraki da Afghanistan da kuma rikice-rikice masu alaƙa a Pakistan da Siriya.
Sakamakon binciken su yana da ban mamaki.
Binciken Project ya nuna haka akalla mutane 370,000 ne suka mutu a cikin post 9/11 yaƙe-yaƙe. Masu binciken aikin sun yi bayanin cewa akwai yiyuwar wasu mutane da yawa sun mutu a kaikaice saboda bala'o'in muhalli, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, da fasalolin kayayyakin more rayuwa da ke daure da yake-yake.
Bugu da kari, sama da mutane miliyan 10 na Afghanistan, Iraqi, da Pakistan sun kasance gudun hijira a matsayin 'yan gudun hijirar yaki.
Aikin ƙididdige farashin kasafin kuɗin Amurka a cikin yakin bayan-9/11 ya zama $ 5.6 tiriliyan. (A cikin shekaru goma bayan 9/11, Kudaden sojan Amurka ya ninka.)
Binciken nasu ya kuma yi karin haske kan ayyukan sojojin Amurka a duniya, inda ya nuna cewa Amurka ta gudanar da ayyukan yaki da ta'addanci a cikin karni 76 a fadin duniya daga shekarar 2015-2017.
Aikin ya samar da taswira kwatanta ayyukan jirage marasa matuki, tura sojoji, wuraren sansanonin soji, da shirye-shiryen horarwa - duk suna nuni da sarkakiyar isar da yakin Amurka da ta'addanci a duniya.
"Ko dai kuna tare da mu ko kuna tare da 'yan ta'adda," Bush yayi kashedi a cikin jawabinsa na 2001.
Nan da nan ya bayyana a fili inda aka zana layin Bush a cikin yashi tare da Dokar Patriot, Abu Ghraib, Guantanamo Bay, ayyukan soja na gwamnati.
Kusan shekaru ashirin sun shude tun daga 9/11, kuma Yaƙin Ta'addanci ya bayyana kamar Yaƙin Ƙarshe.
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Benjamin Dangel yana da PhD a cikin tarihin Latin Amurka daga Jami'ar McGill kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida a cikin Latin Amurka sama da shekaru goma, yana rubutu don kantuna kamar The Guardian, Al Jazeera, The Nation, and Vice. Shi ne marubucin littattafan Farashin Wuta: Yaƙe-yaƙe na Albarkatu da Ƙungiyoyin Jama'a a Bolivia, Rawa tare da Dynamite: Ƙungiyoyin Jama'a da Jihohi a Latin Amurka, da mai zuwa Tawayen Shekara Dari Biyar: Ƙungiyoyin 'Yan Asalin Ƙasa da Ƙarfafa Tarihi a Bolivia, duk tare da AK Press. Dangl gyara Zuwa Freedom.org, hangen nesa mai ci gaba kan abubuwan duniya, kuma yana koyar da aikin jarida a Kwalejin Champlain a VT. Imel BenDangl(a)gmail.com. Twitter @BenDangl
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Bada Tallafi
1 Comment
Fam tiriliyan 1: idan an saka fam miliyan 1 a banki a kullum, don ma'auni don isa £1trillion zai ɗauki 2,740yrs!
Daƙiƙa biliyan 1 yayi daidai da shekara 32 & watanni 8!