I-Kabul iyinhloko-dolobha yase-Afghanistan, idolobha elinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezinhlanu eliguquke ngokuphelele kusukela ngo-2001. I-Kandahar yayiyinqaba yamaTaliban futhi isalokhu iyinqaba. Umgwaqo omkhulu phakathi kwe-Kabul ne-Kandahar, odlula e-Wardak, e-Ghazni, nase-Zabul, ngezinye izikhathi ubizwa ngokuthi Umgwaqo Omkhulu Wokufa. Enye intatheli yaseBrithani, ebhala ngo-2012, yabiza ngokuthi "igalari yokudubula ebhomu, engamamayela angu-300 ubude". Iningi lama-Afghan alinakho ukukhetha ngaphandle kokuhamba ngalo. Amashumi abantu abulawa ehamba nothelawayeka unyaka nonyaka.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2015, abasinda emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka batshela intatheli u-Samad Ali Nawazesh mayelana nephethini yokuhlasela: โUma sisuka kuthelawayeka wase-Kabul-Kandahar sibheke e-Jaghori sihlangatshezwa izinhlobo eziningi zabaphangi kanye nabantu abahlomile. Asesha abagibeli, abambe inkunzi futhi adedele abanye. Kwesinye isikhathi banquma amakhanda abagibeliโ.
Ngaphambi kwalokho, ngo-2014, umgwaqo omkhulu waseKabul-Behsud (onqamula umgwaqo omkhulu waseKabul-Kandahar) wawudume ngokuthi "Umgwaqo Wokufa" lapho idlanzana lase-Afghanistan iHazara lalihloselwe khona ukubulala amaTaliban. AmaHazara ayidlanzana elicindezelwe ngokwesiko. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, baye baqala ukuvuka, bathola amathuba emfundo nokuqashwa okwakukade kuvalwe wona. Ukushushiswa kwamaTaliban kubo bekuyingxenye yehlelo (amaHazara angamaShia, kuyilapho amaTaliban engamaSunni), ngokwengxenye yengcindezelo yendabuko (ezama ukugcina amaHazara endaweni yawo yesimo esiphansi ngokwesaba). Amaqembu amaningi ezimpini zombango i-Afghanistan ihlukumezekile kusukela ngo-1979 iqondise izakhamuzi zaseHazara ngobudlova obuthile.
Ngakho-ke, lapho, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, iqembu lezakhamuzi zaseHazara - amadoda amane, abesifazane ababili, kanye nengane - bathunjwa emgwaqeni omkhulu waseKabul-Kandahar, owawubanjwe inyanga, mhlawumbe yi-ISIS-Afghanistan (ukuhlukaniswa kweTaliban. ), bese benqunywa amakhanda, ababhali balesi sihluku, kanye nohulumeni wezwe, kungenzeka babelindele uhlobo olufanayo lokusabela okwesabekayo asebekujwayele.
Impendulo yayingeyona into ababeyilindele. Imindeni yabashonile inqabile ukungcwaba izidumbu. Bamasha namabhokisi eKabul.
Ebhala kuyi-Swedish Feministiskt Perspektiv, uDkt. Farooq Sulehria, intatheli enolwazi olunzulu e-Afghanistan, uchaze umbhikisho omkhulu wangoNovemba 11, lapho iKabul "yaqhuma" ngesilinganiso esibonwe "ngokokuqala ngqa emashumini amathathu eminyaka", nge โUmhlangano wamandla angu-30,000โ โowadlula amakhilomitha angu-15.โ Umbhikisho ubumangalisa hhayi ngobukhulu bawo kuphela: "Yize iHazara ibusa ngokwezibalo, zonke izinhlanga ziyabonakala embuthanweniโฆ Abesifazane ngezinkulungwane zabo, kwesinye isikhathi bethwele amabhokisi omngcwabo emahlombe abo, bamasha behamba phambili." Imibhikisho, kubhala uSulehria, ibeke eceleni ubuholi bendabuko baseHazara. "U-Muhammad Mohaqiq, induna yezempi nesekela lesibili le-CEO, kanye noKarim Khalili, owayeyiphini likamongameli, ababonwanga kulo mhlangano." I-diaspora yase-Afghan nayo yahlangana, yaba nemibuthano emadolobheni amaningi ezindlini zamanxusa ase-Afghan emhlabeni wonke. Phakathi kwezingoma kwakukhona eyodwa ephawulekayo ngobulula bayo: "ukufa ku-Islamic State".
Futhi nakuba kusukela ngoNovemba kube nokuthunjwa okuningi kwamaHazaras emigwaqweni emikhulu futhi abantu abaningi abatholakala benqunyiwe, kunezimpawu zokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi imibhikisho inyakazise abenzi bobubi kanye nohulumeni. Kuze kube manje, akekho oseke wabhekana nalezi zigameko zokubulala, nakuba wonke umuntu enecala le-ISIS-Afghanistan.
Izinga lemibhikisho lamangaza iziphathimandla zase-Afghan. Imibhikisho yayinezici eziningi ezintsha: ubumbano kuwo wonke amaqembu ase-Afghanistan e-Pashtun, Tajik, Uzbek, kanye ne-Hazara; imvelo yabo ephansi, ibeka eceleni iziphathimandla zohlobo lwezinduna zempi; kanye nobuqhawe babo. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokuthula okusemthethweni, umongameli wase-Afghanistan wathembisa ukuthatha isinyathelo.
I-Afghanistan inamasiko amaningi. Yebo, ezinye zazo zinodlame futhi ziyakholwa. Kodwa into engavamile ukukhunjulwa isiko lobuzwe elahlanganisa izizwe zezwe emzabalazweni wobukhosi nentuthuko - kwaba nemibhikisho eminingi ngaleso sisekelo ngeminyaka yawo-1970.
Elinye isiko elingavamile ukukhunjulwa yisiko lokuzabalaza kwabesifazane. Ngentwasahlobo, ngabhala ngokuthululwa okukhulu kwentukuthelo nombhikisho ngemva kokubulawa kowesifazane okuthiwa uFarkhunda ngaphandle kwe-mosque eKabul. Lokho kuphuma kwabantu, okwamangaza ababulali neziphathimandla, kwaphoqa uhulumeni ukuba abophe futhi agqume ejele abanye babenzi bokubi.
Kusesekuseni kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi imibhikisho ka-2015 iyisiqalo sento enkulu e-Afghanistan. Kodwa ngokuqinisekile akhona amandla. Mhlawumbe amandla anele okwethusa labo abakhululeke kakhulu ngokusabisa abanye. Isibalo esikhulu sabantu abangamaphekula, okunzima ukwesabisa, futhi okunzima ukwehlukanisa emigqeni yamahlelo bangamandla amakhulu, i-Afghanistan eyodwa ingabona okuningi ngo-2016.
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