“Udlame lwase-Colombia†luyisihloko esithandwa kakhulu kangangokuthi kunamakhulu ezindatshana, izincwadi, nezindatshana ezinaleso sihloko. Ezinye, ezibhalwe abantu abazibiza ‘ongoti bodlame’, zinhle kakhulu, futhi zibucayi kakhulu. Abanye bancane. Iningi lazo ligxile engxabanweni phakathi kwamabutho ahlomile kanye nokuvukela umbuso. Abaningi baxoxa nangemithelela yokuhweba ngezidakamizwa kanye nokushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa. Ezibucayi kakhulu zixoxa ngenkinga ye-paramilitarism. Ezingcono kakhulu zixoxa ngeqhaza lezintshisekelo zamazwe ngamazwe, okuhlanganisa ne-United States nezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe, ekubhebhezeleni ukungqubuzana.
Nokho, cishe abekho kubo abaxoxa indaba yodlame oluthulile, nolwesabekayo abantu abampofu abaphila kulo, futhi abazoqhubeka bephila ngisho noma bonke ‘udlame’ olwenza iColombia idume belunganyamalala kungazelelwe. Kodwa kunodlame olwenziwa lapha. Futhi ‘isazi sobudlova", umuntu onentshisekelo yokulwa ‘amaphekula’, angathola lonke udlame nokwesaba kude nezinkundla zempi.
ECali, eColombia, ngesonto eledlule, intombazane eneminyaka engu-16 ubudala okuthiwa uPaola yabeletha umntwana. UPaola wafika eCali ngendlela efanayo nentsha eningi eyenza ngayo—ngokuxoshwa edolobheni lakubo ngenxa yezinsongo zamasosha. Bangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2.5 abantu baseColombia abaye bahamba, ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni amadolobha amakhulu, ngale ndlela. Wayevele ekhulelwe ngesikhathi exoshwa.
E-Cali, uPaola wazithola engenazo izimali, ukusekela komndeni, nanoma yini—kungaba yena noma ingane yakhe. Wahamba waya ehhovisi lehhovisi likahulumeni– ‘ihhovisi lokuphatha ukuthula’, njengoba libizwa kanjalo. Waya lapho ngezizathu ezimbili: 1) wayengenayo imali yokugibela ibhasi futhi 2) watshelwa ihhovisi lapho efona ukuthi kwakunempilo ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bahambe ngezinyawo.
UPaola wabelethela ingane yakhe esibhedlela saseCali, futhi abangani bakhe baqoqa imali ukuze bathengele ingane izingubo zokugqoka, kanye nemijovo namagilavu enjoloba ezisebenzi zasesibhedlela (azingahlinzekwa yisibhedlela). Omunye walaba bangane, uMaria Eugenia, wazama ukubhalisa uPaola. Lapho uMaria ethi uPaola uxoshiwe, izisebenzi zasesibhedlela zathi: “Ngiyaxolisa, kodwa wonke umuntu uthi uxoshiwe ngakho akudingeki akhokhe.” Yayiyini leyo mali? Ingaphezu kuka-$200 US, ingcebo yowesifazane osemusha waseColombia owaxoshwa. Lapho abangani bakaPaola bebuza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma engakwazi ukukhokha, abasebenzi bahlehla. Kwacaca ukuthi uPaola nosana lwakhe babengeke bavunyelwe ukuphuma esibhedlela kuze kube yilapho isikweleti sabo sesikhokhelwe. Inkinga ibiwukuthi uhulumeni ubhekelele impilo yabantu abafudukayo ukhokha ama- $ 20 okuqala futhi ayisekho into entsha eyethulwe kwisabelomali sakamuva saseColombia.
Ekugcineni, uPaola weqa esibhedlela ngesizathu esifanayo naleso esiyaziyo indaba yakhe. Phakathi kwabangane bakhe kwakukhona izishoshovu ezikwazile ukuhlanganisa imali eyanele ukumkhipha (esibhedlela) nokuthumela i-imeyili kubalandeli abangaphandle. Kunezindaba okungenani eziyizigidi ezingu-2.5 ezifana nezika-Paola, ezenzeka nsuku zonke.
Owesifazane oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala osanda kubeletha osanda kubeletha angase avalelwe esibhedlela ngenxa yokungabi namali yokubeletha ngoba kunqanyuliwe ukuhlinzekwa kwezempilo kwabafudukisiwe.
Ingabe ikhona imisebenzi ‘counter-terror’ emisebenzini, ukuze ubhekane nalokhu? Uma ulinde ‘ukunakekelwa kwezempilo komama abasebancane njengokulwa nokwesaba’, ungalinda isikhathi eside.
Isibonelo esisodwa 'se-counter-terror' esikhona senzeka ngaphambi nje kokuzalwa komntwana ka-Paola, ngo-February 23, 2003. Ngalolo suku, endaweni yasemaphandleni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Meseta e-Choco, izinsizwa ezimbili zomdabu: U-Evelio Sanapi Sintua (oneminyaka engu-23 ubudala) no-Fernando Antibia (21) bahambe ohambweni lokuzingela ngo-6am. Lapho bengabuyi ngakusasa, umphakathi wakha amaqembu okusesha. Ithimba elilodwa lokusesha lithole ibutho eliqaphayo, elabika ukuthi ababili bomdabu babebanjiwe. Ngesikhathi ithimba elalisesha likhuluma nephoyisa eliphethe, latshelwa ukuthi laba babulewe, izidumbu zingatholakala komunye umasipala.
Esinye isibonelo: inkampani kawoyela kazwelonke, i-ECOPETROL, isemkhankasweni wokuxoxisana ngokuhlanganyela. Njengengxenye yezingxoxo, uhulumeni ubavimbile abaholi bezinyunyana emagcekeni enkampani, kwathi ngoFebhuwari 21, amasosha athatha izindawo ezihluza uwoyela eBarrancabermeja naseCartagena, kwalimala amakhulu ezisebenzi.
Isibonelo sesithathu: Kusukela ngomhlaka-14 Febhuwari, amasosha abelokhu ehlasela imiphakathi eNyakatho Cauca—komasipala baseJambalo, eToribio, naseCorinto, kanye nengxenye yeCaloto. Izaba ubukhona be-FARC, kodwa iningi labantu bomdabu likhiphe umbiko othi lincamela ukungashaywa amagobolondo. Leso sibalo sabantu asiqondisiwe kunoma yikuphi ukuba khona kwe-FARC kodwa ngoba sizakhele esabo ngempumelelo ‘amaphrojekthi empilo’, izinguquko zomhlaba, nezinhlaka zokubusa ezizimele kuhulumeni. Njengabasebenzi bakwa-ECOPETROL, bajeziselwa ukwenqaba kwabo.
Lezi zinhlobo zodlame azitholakali e-Colombia kuphela. Emhlabeni wonke, kunomama abasebasha abangazange bathole ukunakekelwa kwezempilo abakudingayo ngenxa yezinkampani ezizimele, izindlela zokupheka ze-IMF, izinsizakalo zomphakathi eziqhutshwa inzuzo, kanye nokululazwa kwabampofu. Kunabanye ohulumeni abathumela amabutho abo ukuze axove imiphakathi, aphule izinyunyana, abulale abangenacala. "Izazi zodlame" zenza kabi u-Paola, u-Evelio no-Fernando, abasebenzi be-ECOPETROL, abalimi baseCauca, lapho bengazinaki izindaba zabo- hhayi kuphela ngoba lokhu kungumthombo omkhulu wodlame olungakaze lube khona. ifunde ngokwanele, kodwa futhi ngoba ingase ibe nobudlelwano obuthile nezinye izinhlobo.
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