Okulandelayo yizimpendulo zami kuhlu lwemibuzo ethulwe kimi ngengxoxo yerediyo okungazange kwenzeke, nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Lapho ufunda ukuthi kanjani UWilliam Penn University bekumele ngiklomelise u-Paul Kagame, umashiqela obulala abantu baseRwanda, ngeziqu zobudokotela ezihlonishwayo ekubungazeni izinsolo "zokunikela kwakhe enhlalakahleni yabantu nasenhlalakahleni" Ngathintana noMongameli wesikole, amaPhini kaMongameli ahlukahlukene, kanye namanye amalungu ophiko lwesikole, kanye no izinhloko zazo zonke izinhlangano zabafundi engazithola. Ngize ngabathinta nabahleli be Oskaloosa Herald.
Ngaphandle kwempendulo ye-boilerplate ekopishwa futhi enamathiselwe evela kuSteven Noah, iPhini Likamongameli wesikole Wezobudlelwano Bakahulumeni Nemiklamo Ekhethekile, (bheka ingxenye yamazwana kokuthunyelwe kwami "I-Top Genocidaire yaseRwanda, uGeneral Kagame, uzonikeza inkulumo yokuQala eWilliam Penn Univeristy") munye kuphela umuntu oyedwa ongiphendulile: U-Hailey Brown—umncane.
Ngaphambi kokuthi ngiqhubeke ngifuna ukubiza uMnumzane uNowa. Ngiyethemba ukuthi uzoyifunda yonke inhlolokhono elandelayo futhi uyibambe. Ngiyethemba futhi ukuthi uzoyiqhathanisa nesithombe uMnu. Noah azama ukusethula. Akukho silinganiso sokucakwa kwakhe esizohlanza amabala okubulala nobushiqela ezandleni zikaPaul Kagame. Amacala kanye nokuhlukunyezwa kwamalungelo abantu kondlovukayiphikiswa wase-Afrika oyintandokazi yaseMelika kubhalwe phansi ngokuphelele, futhi ingxenye encane kuphela yakho imelwe lapha kulesi siqeshana.
Okunye futhi, omunye wemibuzo yokugcina engabuzwa ukuthi "Ucabanga ukuthi izisulu zakhe zingathini mayelana nokuqala?" Lona ngumbuzo omuhle kakhulu. Hailey, lawa mazwana aqondiswe kuwe. Ngingakuthola ukuthintana nabanye babo, uma uthanda.
Noma kunjalo, uNkz. Brown wangitshela ukuthi usebenzela izindaba esiteshini somsakazo wesikole, futhi ubhalela iwebhusayithi yezindaba yesikole ebizwa ngokuthi Isimo Sezizwe. Wangibuza ukuthi ngiyathanda yini ukwenza inhlolokhono, nokuthi angayisakaza emsakazweni, ophumela e-Oskaloosa namadolobha aseduze, ayifake kusizindalwazi. Lo mfundi wangiqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke kube khona ubutha noma imibuzo egcwele noma yini efana naleyo, nokuthi wayenesithakazelo sangempela embonweni wami ongazange walethwe ekunakekeleni kwabafundi.
Ngiyihlolile ukuze ngiqinisekise ukuthi ubengazihlanyisi, ngabe sengimtshela ukuthi ngingakujabulela ukukwenza. Ngamnika inombolo yami yocingo nesikhathi engangizokhululeka ngaso.
Ngabe sengimthumelela i-imeyili ngibuza ukuthi angathanda yini impendulo ebhaliwe yemibuzo.
Noma kunjalo, nansi imibuzo yakhe nezimpendulo zami—engamthumelela i-imeyili.
UPaul Kagame, umashiqela waseRwanda obulala abantu abaningi |
E-Uganda uKagame ujoyine ezika-Yoweri Museveni I-National Resistance Army, lapho ayeyinhloko yezobunhloli bezempi.
Naye, kanye nabanye abadingiswa baseRwanda, bakha iqembu I-Rwandan Patriotic Front (i-RPF yashintsha igama layo laba yi- I-Rwanda Patriotic Amasosha, ngakho-ke uzobona kaningi isifinyezo esithi RPA).
La madoda ayeyingxenye yebutho lesizwe lase-Uganda, futhi i-RPF yayiyingalo yamasosha ase-Uganda. Bebegqoke umfaniswano wamasosha ase-Uganda. Lokhu kubalulekile ukugcizelela uma kubhekwa ukuhlasela kwe-Uganda/i-RPF ngo-Okthoba 1, 1990. Ngaleso sikhathi, uKagame wayese-US eqeqeshelwa impi, kodwa wagcina esenguMajor-General we-RPF.
Bekulesi sigameko, ukuhlasela kuka-1990, okubalulekile ekuqondeni konke okwenzekayo. Lokho, kanye nokuzithoba kwe-U.S-ongeyena kuphela umsekeli oyinhloko wombuso kaMuseveni e-Uganda, kodwa uKagame eRwanda.
Empeleni ibutho lakwamanye amazwe (i-Uganda) lihlasela umakhelwane walo (i-Rwanda) ngenhloso yodwa yokudicilela phansi uhulumeni, bese liwuketula. Yilokhu uMuseveni akwenza e-Uganda. Futhi kusukela ngo-October 1990 kuya ku-April 1994 yilokho kanye okwenzeka eRwanda nge i-RPF. (Incwadi enhle abantu abangayifunda ku-inthanethi ekaRobin Philpot ERwanda 1994: Ubukoloni bufa kanzimaLokhu kwenzeka naseDemocratic Republic of Congo, lapho uMuseveni noKagame behlasela futhi beketula uMongameli Mobutu.
Owesibili ophethe embuthweni we-UN eRwanda ngaphambi “kokubulawa kohlanga” kwakuyisikhulu saseBelgium, uLuc Marchal, futhi wafakaza ku-International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) ukuthi ulwazi lwakhe ne-RPF lwaluwukuthi abanandaba. ekwenzeni izivumelwano futhi babezinikele ngokuphelele ekuketuleni uhulumeni. UMarchal uphinde wafakaza ukuthi ukholelwa ukuthi yi-RPF eyabulala uMengameli waseRwanda uHabyarimana.
Akayedwa kulokhu.
Es gibt auch James Lyons, umenzeli we-FBI ofike esiphethweni esifanayo.
Olunye uphenyo lwe-UN oluholwa ngu UMichael Hourigan, naye wafinyelela esiphethweni. Umbiko ungcwatshwe.
Nowayengumshushisi waseRwanda, uCarla del Ponte, owasuswa emsebenzini wakhe we-ICTR ngemuva kokuphikelela ekushushiseni uKagame ngecala lokubulala kanye namanye amacala empi.
URobert Gersony, umxhumanisi waseMelika oqashwe yi-UN uphethe ngokuthi i-RPF kaKagame yenza ukubulawa kwabantu. Yena kubika "isigameko sokubulawa okuhleliwe nokuqhubekayo nokushushiswa kwabantu abangamaHutu abahlali" ngamabutho kaKagame. NjengoHourigan, umbiko wakhe wangcwatshwa.
Kwakungalesi sikhathi, futhi esebenza ngombiko kaGersony, lapho amabutho e-UN ayevimba ababaleki ukuba babuye. Lokhu kubikwe ku New York Times ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba ka-1994:
iZizwe Ezihlangene ziyekile ukukhuthaza ababaleki baseRwanda ukuba babuye futhi iyenqaba ngisho nokusiza labo abafisa ukubuyela emakhaya ngenxa yombiko wokuthi uHulumeni omusha, obuswa amaTutsi eRwanda usubulale izinkulungwane zamalungu esizwe samaHutu.
Isikhathi salokhu sibalulekile ngoba ekuqaleni kwaleyo nyanga uGeorge Moose, isikhulu soMnyango Wezwe, wathumela a memo kuNobhala Wezwe uChristopher Warren lapho kwaphawulwa khona ukuthi "ama-RPA namaTutsi abeka izakhamuzi ayebulale izakhamuzi ezingamaHutu ezingu-10,000 noma ngaphezulu ngenyanga, kanti i-RPA yenza u-95% wokubulala."
Umbuzo: Ube nesandla kanjani enhlalakahleni yabantu?
UKagame ube nesandla ekufeni kwezigidi zabantu. Izilinganiso zibalelwa ezigidini ezi-1-2 eRwanda (1990 - okwamanje), futhi cishe izigidi ezi-6-10 eDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Ubuye waba nesandla enhlalakahleni yabantu ngokwenza iRwanda ibe izwe lamaphoyisa lapho ukungaboni ngaso linye nokuphikiswa kwezombusazwe kungabekezeleleki.
I-Human Rights Watch ukhiphe imibiko eminingi (lapha, lapha, Futhi lapha) muva nje echaza kabanzi ngokuthi uhulumeni kaKagame uphazamise kanjani umsebenzi wezinhlangano ezilwela amalungelo abantu, wahlasela abaphikisi bezombusazwe, wacindezela abezindaba nezintatheli, futhi usebenzisa kabi umthetho obizwa nge-genocide ideology.
Umbuzo: Yibuphi ubugebengu uMongameli uKagame okuthiwa uwenzile?
Kukhona ukuhlasela kuka-Okthoba 1990 kanye nohlu lokuhlasela kwamaphekula, kanye nokwephulwa kwezivumelwano zokumisa umlilo ezafinyelela ekubulaweni kwe-RPF kukaMongameli uHabyarimana ngo-April 6, 1994 nalandelayo. ukuketula umbuso. Imininingwane eminingi ingatholakala ku-inthanethi. Imibiko esemthethweni ye-UN nokunye okunjalo. U-Peter Erlinder ufake kungobo yomlando amakhulu, uma kungenjalo izinkulungwane, zemibhalo ku-inthanethi I-Rwanda Documents Project, njengememo yoMnyango Wezwe eshiwo ngenhla.
Abacwaningi baseMelika uChristian Davenport kanye no-Allan Stam bathola izinto ezimbalwa okufanele baziqaphele mayelana nokubulawa kwabantu eRwanda. Okukodwa kwaba yilokho iningi lalabo ababulawa kwakungamaHutu, hhayi amaTutsi. Baphinde bathola ukuthi ukubulawa kwabantu abaningi akwenziwa yi-RPF kuphela, kodwa kugxile emacaleni e-RPF. Umbiko wabo, ogunyazwe yi-UN? Umisiwe wangcwatshwa. Yafinyelela eziphethweni ezingalungile.
Siyazi futhi ukuthi i-RPF yabulala amashumi ezinkulungwane zababaleki abangahlomile phambi kwamasosha ase-Australia. Njengoba kubikwe e-Australia I-Herald Sun:
Ekuqaleni kuka-1995, ikamu labantu abaxoshwa e-Kibeho lalilikhulu kunazo zonke eRwanda, ligcwele indawo engu-9sq km futhi liqukethe abantu abangu-80,000 kuya ku-100,000.
Amasosha angama-32 ase-Australia kanye nezikhulu zezokwelapha zafika lapho njengengxenye yebutho le-UN eligcina ukuthula ngo-April 18, 1995.
Nsuku zonke amasosha aseRwanda ayebulala ngokungahleliwe, kodwa ukubulala kwaqhuma okungalawuleki ngokushesha ngemva kuka-10 ekuseni ngo-April 22. Abantu base-Australia babenombono ophakeme wephupho elibi besenkompolo yaseZambia.
Amasosha e-RPA abulala abesifazane nezingane kuze kufike ocingweni lwe-UN. Izidumbu zazigcwele yonke indawo. Kuma-Diggers ngemuva kocingo, amahora ambalwa alandelayo abebuhlungu.
Kwababaleki, kwakungekho lapho abangabalekela khona.
Ngenkathi abantu base-Australia beqoqa abalimele phakathi kwezinqwaba zabafile, inkinga yaqala ukwanda njengoba amaHutus ashaywe uvalo edlula inkonxa yaseZambia, eqhutshwa amasosha aphethe ucelemba nezibhamu.
Amakhulu abulawa lapho kuchotshozwa khona futhi abase-Australia baphoqeleka ukuthi baxoshe endaweni ye-bayonet lapho izisulu ebezithukile obekumele zizivikele, beziphindisela endaweni yokubulawa kwe-RPA.
I-RPA yavuka umbhejazane yanqamula esinye isichotho esivuthayo esixukwini ebesithukile.
Futhi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi—njengoba lokhu kuhambisana nendikimba ye-imperialism yaseMelika—ngo-April ka-1994 kwakunguhulumeni waseRwanda owayecela amasosha e-UN amaningi, kuyilapho i-U.S yayiphusha ingqikithi ukuhoxiswa. Ikhumbula ukuthi i-U.S. isekela uMuseveni e-Uganda, yanikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwezempi ku-Kagame e-Fort Leavenworth, futhi ayizange inyakaze ukumisa udlame lwango-1990 (ngokuphambene nomnyakazo onjalo wokulwa ne-Iraq ngenkathi ihlasela i-Kuwait), kuyajabulisa kakhulu ukuthi I-RPF iqhubeka nokuhlasela okukhulu, futhi uhulumeni waseRwanda ucela amasosha e-UN engeziwe ukuze anqande udlame, i-US ifuna ukuhoxa ngokuphelele, okungenzeka ukuthi isuse noma yiziphi izithiyo ekushayeleni kukaKagame amandla.
Ngo-2010 i-UN yakhipha i- I-DRC: Imephu yokuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu 1993-2003 umbiko lapho bethi iRwanda inecala lamacala amakhulu ezimpi, amanye awo okungenzeka ahlanganisa ukuqothulwa kohlanga. Lo mbiko uchaza “Ukuhlasela okuhleliwe, ikakhulukazi ukubulala nokubulawa kwabantu abaningi okwenziwa amalungu eqembu lamaHutu”:
Lokhu kuhlasela kwaphumela enanini elikhulu kakhulu lezisulu, cishe amashumi ezinkulungwane zamalungu esizwe samaHutu, zonke izizwe zihlangene. Ezimweni eziningi ezibikiwe, bekungewona umbuzo wabantu ababulawa bengahlosile ngesikhathi kuliwa, kodwa abantu abaqondiswe ikakhulukazi amabutho e-AFDL/APR/FAB futhi babulawa ngamakhulu abo, ngokuvamile ngezikhali ezibukhali. Iningi lezisulu bekuyizingane, abesifazane, abantu asebekhulile kanye nabagulayo, abebengelona usongo emabuthweni ahlaselayo. Izigameko eziningi zokuhlaselwa okunzima ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo kwamalungu eqembu nazo zenziwa, ngenani eliphezulu kakhulu lamaHutu adutshulwa, adlwengulwa, ashiswa noma ashaywa. Izisulu eziningi zaphoqeleka ukuba zibaleke futhi zihambe amabanga amade ukuze zibaleke ababezisukela, ababezama ukubabulala. Ukuzingela kwathatha izinyanga, kwaze kwashona isibalo esingaziwa sabantu abaphila ngaphansi kwezimo ezinonya, ezingenabuntu nezilulazayo, bengakwazi ukuthola ukudla nemithi. Ezikhathini eziningi, usizo lokusiza abantu olwaluhloselwe bona lwavinjwa ngamabomu ...
Umbiko uphinde uchaze ngokuxhashazwa kwezimbiwa.
Umbuzo: Ingabe kube khona uphenyo kulokhu okutholiwe?
Kube nophenyo oluningi, kanye nezifundo. Spanish futhi French izinkantolo zize zakhipha isinqumo ezindabeni ezihlukahlukene eziphathelene nezingxabano zaseRwanda naseCongo (ikakhulukazi senkantolo yase-Spain), futhi zombili zathola ukuthi i-RPF inecala lokubulawa kukaMongameli u-Habyarimana, kanye nokuqothulwa kohlanga okwalandela. Futhi wanikeza izimvume.
Kodwa akenzanga nakanye iyiphi Isosha le-RPF libekwe amacala e-ICTR noma e-ICC. Njengoba kuphawuliwe, uCarla del Ponte wenza umzamo wokwenza kanjalo, kodwa wasuswa ngendlela ehlelekile.
I-ICTR inakho Okwamanje ukuthola icebo lokubulala abantu eRwanda. Emuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngama-20 bengakaveli itulo lokubulala. Banqabile nokubheka itulo le-RPF, okunobufakazi obubalulekile balo.
Futhi uma ubheka ukuqulwa kwecala labo elikhulu lamasosha aphezulu—Bagosora, et al-isinqumo siyadalula. Kokunye, bonke bakhululwa ngecala lokwakha itulo lokuqothula uhlanga, icala elibi kakhulu.
Inkantolo ivumile ukuthi "udlame lobuhlanga olubhekiswe kubantu abangamaTutsi luvame ukulandela ukuhlaselwa kwe-RPF," nokuthi "ngemuva kokuhlasela kwe-RPF ngo-Okthoba 1990, kwaba khona ukuboshwa kwabantu abaningi kanye nokubulawa kwabantu endaweni ngaleso sikhathi futhi okwalandela. iminyaka emadolobheni amaningana asenyakatho," futhi inkantolo yanquma ukuthi "izincazelo ezihlukile zezehlakalo zengeze umongo ofanele ezinsolweni ezimbalwa ezibhekiswe kuMmangalelwa."
Amajaji e-ICTR ayavuma ukuthi amalungiselelo ezempi kaHulumeni waseRwanda “ayehambisana namalungiselelo ombango wamandla ezombusazwe noma ezempi,” nokuthi “ngokwesimo sempi eqhubekayo ne-RPF, lobu bufakazi abubonisi njalo ukuthi inhloso ukuhlomisa nokuqeqesha lezi zakhamuzi noma ukulungiswa kohlu kwakuwukubulala izakhamuzi ezingamaTutsi," nokuthi "ngokwesimo esisheshayo sokuphulwa kwesivumelwano se-RPF sokumisa umlilo, akubonisi ngempela inhloso yokusebenzisa amabutho ukuze ukubulawa kwabantu." Ekubonisayo inhloso yokusebenzisa amabutho ukumisa imizamo ye-RPF yokuketula uhulumeni ngamandla ezempi—okungukuthi. avikele iRwanda ekuhlaselweni yi-RPF.
Umbuzo: Kungani ucabanga ukuthi uMongameli we-WP, u-Anne Fields, ukhiphe isitatimende esithi "unike abantu amandla"?
Angazi. Noma ngibheka ukuthi ngubani ohlanganisa iBhodi Labaphathiswa ngiyasola ukuthi iningi lamabhizinisi ahlobene nesikole may benza inzuzo ngobudlelwano babo neRwanda kaKagame. Futhi, lokhu kuyizinsolo, kodwa kuyinto okufanele ibhekwe. Ingabe u-Edward Jones, i-Nationwide Insurance, i-Musco Corporation, i-Cargill Inc., i-Drost Equipment Inc., i-Glaco Companies, kanye ne-People's National Bank banokusebenzisana eRwanda? Uma kunjalo, lokho kungase kuchaze ukuthi kungani ubuholi besikole bufuna ukunkantolo futhi bubungaze umashiqela.
Umbiko wesikole kwabezindaba uveze ukuthi abesifazane baningi ephalamende laseRwanda, kodwa lokhu kuyadukisa ngezizathu ezimbili. (1) AmaTutsi akha ngaphansi kuka-15% wabantu, nokho i-RPF ebuswa ngamaTutsi yenza cishe wonke uhulumeni, enezihlalo ezicishe zibe ngama-80% eChamber of Deputies. Ngaphezu kwalokho, (2) uKagame akakubekezeleli ukuphikiswa kwezombusazwe ezweni. Ukuthi abesifazane baningi kungokomfanekiso.
Kufanele sibheke abesifazane njenga Victoire Ingabire ukubona kahle ukuthi uKagame ubaqinise kanjani abantu besifazane. Amnesty International ukhiphe i-video yemizuzu engamashumi amathathu ngo-Ingabire kanye nesimo sonya esiqhubekayo eRwanda. Nginxusa kakhulu wonke umuntu ukuthi ayibukele.
Kufanele futhi sibhekisise izintatheli zaseRwanda eziboshiwe zithuliswe ngenxa yokungawunaki unyawo lweqembu. Esinye sezibonelo eziningi ngu-"Jean-Léonard Rugambage, intatheli esebenzela i-Umuvugizi, [owa]dutshulwa washona ngomhla ka-24 Juni ngaphandle komuzi wakhe e-Kigali." Sitshelwa ukuthi uRugambage "ubelokhu ephenya ngokudutshulwa kukaKayumba Nyamwasa eNingizimu Afrika, futhi iphephandaba lakhe lishicilele indaba ethi uphiko lwezobunhloli lwaseRwanda luyathinteka."
Lokhu kuvela Amnesty International kuzo Umbiko we-2011 eRwanda. Ukuhlonipha iphinde ibike ukuthi, "Inkululeko yokukhuluma yaphinde yavinjelwa" eRwanda, nokuthi, "I-RPF yaqala ukuzwela ukugxekwa ngaphambi kokhetho lukamongameli." Ukuhlonipha iqhubeka ibika ukuthi "iziphathimandla ziqhubeke kanjani nokusebenzisa kabi imithetho ebanzi nengachazwanga kahle mayelana 'nombono wokuqothulwa kohlanga' kanye 'namahlelo' " nokuthi, "Imithetho iyakwenqabela inkulumo enenzondo, kodwa futhi yenza kube yicala ukugxeka uhulumeni ngokusemthethweni."
Umbuzo: Ungasho ukuthi kuyacasula ukuthi akhulume ekuqaleni kwekolishi?
Kuyacasula ngokwedlulele. Ngaphambi kweWW2 Isikhathi Magazine u-Adolf Hitler njenge "Man of the Year." Uma kubhekwa emuva lokhu kubukwa ngokucasuka nokuphoxeka. Kodwa yini UWilliam Penn University wenza kubi. Akunjengokungathi uHitler waqanjwa ngokuthi "Indoda Yonyaka" ngemuva WW2. Ngemva kokuQothulwa Kwesizwe, lokho kwakuyophazamisa kakhulu. Kodwa lapha, ngemuva ukuhlasela okubili kanye nokufa kwezigidi zabantu, uKagame uyahlonishwa futhi ubungazwa njengomuntu osiza abantu. Ngicabanga ukuthi noma yimuphi umuntu ohloniphekile angakuthola lokhu kakhulu kuyahlasela.
Umbuzo: Ucabanga ukuthi izisulu zakhe zingathini mayelana nalokhu kuqalisa?
Cishe babengeke bakhulume.
Umbuzo: Obani ngempela izisulu zakhe?
Izisulu zikaKagame yinoma ngubani omngenelayo. Ngokuqinisekile inani lamaHutu eRwanda, kodwa kanye nanoma yimuphi umuntu ophikisayo noma umgxeki (amaTwa noma amaTutsi)—ingasaphathwa eyabantu baseDemocratic Republic of Congo.
Lokhu futhi kwenzeka ukuze kuncome lokho okushiwo ngu-UNAMIR Col. Luc Marchal utshele i-ICTR: "Ngokwami ukubona, isiphetho sami ukuthi i-RPF yayinomgomo owodwa, ukuthatha amandla ngenkani futhi iwagcine kubo." U-Marchal uphinde wathi, "Akukaze nakanye, angikaze ngizwe isifiso sokwenza isivumelwano, ukushelela emaphethelweni amabi, ukuze kufinyelelwe esivumelwaneni." Utshele inkantolo ukuthi, "Cishe bekungumshikashika wansuku zonke, futhi ngathola izinkulumo ngenxa yokwephulwa kwesivumelwano", nokuthi, "Zonke lezi zici zingenze ngaphetha ngokuthi umgomo wabo bekungekona ukuqeda inqubo yokuthula. .”
Umbiko kaGersony nawo uyakuncoma lokhu. UGersony wathola ukuthi "izenzo ze-RPA bezilokhu zibikwa ukuthi zenziwa ezindaweni lapho amabutho aphikisayo anoma yiluphi uhlobo-ehlomile noma engahlomile-noma ukumelana nanoma yiluphi uhlobo," nokuthi "Ukubulawa kwabantu ngokungakhethi okukhulu kwamadoda, abesifazane, izingane, kuhlanganise nabagulayo. kanye nabantu abadala, bebelokhu bebikwa njalo."
Futhi, njengalokho umbiko wemephu we-UN okubonisayo kwenzeka e-Congo ngamabutho ase-Rwanda. Emkhankasweni kaKagame wokuketula uMobutu (owayenguMongameli wase-DRC) futhi asungule umfelandawonye osekela i-US , noma ubani owayema endleleni yakhe wayethunyelwa ngamandla abulalayo—futhi ezinye izizwe zakhishwa inyumbazane, okwashiya umbiko we-UN uphawula ukuthi ukubulawa kohlanga kungase kubonakale. kwenzeke.
UPaul Kagame ungumashiqela wezempi ononya. Futhi njengabo bonke omashiqela, izisulu zakhe yinoma ubani omvukelayo—futhi njengoba kulotshwe ngenhla, lokhu ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa abesifazane abangahlomile, izingane, abagulayo, nasebekhulile.
Umbuzo: Izitshudeni zingabandakanyeka kanjani ekumiseni lokhu?
Abafundi e- UWilliam Penn University bangakwazi, futhi kufanele, kufaka ingcindezi esikoleni sabo ukuthi sikhansele iziqu zobudokotela zika-Kagame kanye nenkulumo yokuqala. Uma ungaphumeleli kulokho, joyina labo abazophumelela ukuphikisana yena, noma uhlele esakho isenzo.
Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe kwamabhulogi ami sicela uvakashele: www.truth_addict.blogspot.com/
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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