Lapho okuhleliwe kwezinkampani ezinkulu zemidiya njenge New York Times ukugxeka amazwe angaphandle “ngokuzimisela kwawo okudabukisayo ukuchema nemibuso yengcindezelo kakhulu yesifunda” kufanele kuzwakale kuxwayise ngokuthi imithombo yezindaba ayiwona neze umthombo wezindaba onenhloso enokwethenjwa kobuntatheli, futhi imane nje iyingxenye yobudlelwano bomphakathi kuhulumeni. . Ikakhulukazi uma iphepha elifanayo lihluleka ukusola izwe lalo ngokuziphatha okufanayo.
Yilokhu kanye okwenziwa namuhla ngabakwa I-NYT's U-Andrew Rosenthal, owengamele ukuhlelwa kwamaphepha, ku- “Ngasohlangothini Olungalungile. "
Isihloko sokuhlela sijabulisa uhulumeni wase-Iraq ngokuchema ne-Iran ne-Syria ezindabeni zesifunda. Ukuthi i-Baghdad ayikho “sohlangothini” lwethu, kodwa iphikisana kakhulu nemizamo yeWashington yokwenza uguquko lombuso futhi ikhulise amandla nomthelela wayo esifundeni, “kuyakhathaza” kakhulu New York Times.
I-Rosenthal ifinyelela kanjani esiphethweni sokuthi i-Iran ne-Syria “yimibuso yengcindezelo kakhulu esifundeni” akuvezwanga. Ukuthi laba ababili badlula kanjani iSaudi Arabia noma i-Israel kuwumbuzo "iphepha lerekhodi" elihlulekayo ukuwubuza. Akukho mzamo wokukhombisa ukuthi ukuziphatha kwabo kuwubugebengu ngaphezu kokuziphatha kukaWashington endaweni nakwezinye izindawo emhlabeni jikelele.
Uma iqhathaniswa namanye amazwe iSyria ayiwona neze eminye yemibuso ecindezela kakhulu. Ukuthi i-US kanye nabalingani bayo besifunda-ikakhulukazi i-Saudi Arabia, i-Qatar, iTurkey ne-Jordan-basize ukusekela nokuqondisa ukuvukela okuhlomile kwabhebhethekisa udlame lwamanje. Kungaba wumcabango uma iRussia neChina bengenza okufanayo eMelika, bese besola uhulumeni waseMelika ngodlame.
Sitshelwa ukuthi "i-United States isole kanjani i-Iraq ngokuvumela i-Iran ukuthi indize izikhali endaweni yayo iye eSyria." Kodwa akukho ukuphawula mayelana izikhali ezinikezwa abavukeli, nazo eza nge-Iraq.
Isikhalazo senziwa ngokungangabazeki futhi sibe nesineke uma kucutshungulwa izivumelwano zezikhali zakamuva zaseWashington neSaudi Arabia. $ 33.4 billion-mhlawumbe umbuso ocindezela kakhulu esifundeni esiseduze ne-Israel, okungafanele sikhohlwe uthola ukwesekwa okukhulu kwezempi kuMalume uSam. Entwasahlobo ka-2009 kwaba Amnesty International ozwakalise ukukhathazeka okujulile ngokuthi "i-US ibingumnikezeli omkhulu wezikhali ku-Israyeli phakathi kuka-2004 no-2008," nokuthi "uhulumeni wase-US kufanele futhi ahlinzeke ngamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-30 ngosizo lwezempi kwa-Israyeli, naphezu kokusetshenziswa kabi kwezikhali kanye nezikhali eGaza naseLebanon yi-Israel Defence Forces” ngemva kwamacala abucayi empi akwa-Israyeli enziwa eMpini YaseGaza.
Bese kuba neqiniso lokuthi iWashington yaletha amathani ezikhali ezindaweni zamanye amazwe ngenkathi ihlasela i-Iraq (noma njengoba isahlasela i-Afghanistan).
I-Rosenthal iphetha isihloko sayo ngokuphakama okukhulu:
Ama-Iraqi anethuba lokwakha uhlelo olusha lwentando yeningi olusekelwe emthethweni nokuhlonipha zonke izakhamuzi. Kungaba okungalungile ngokokuziphatha nokuzenzisa uma abaholi base-Iraq, ababecindezelwe isikhathi eside kangaka nguSaddam Hussein, beqhubeka nokusebenza ngokumelene namaSyria njengoba bezabalaza ukuketula umashiqela wabo.
Kuhle ukukhumbula, ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngentando yeningi nokuziphatha, ukuthi kwakunguWashington owaphikisana nentando yeningi e-Iraq kudala ngokusiza ukuletha iBa'ath Party emandleni, nangokusekela uSaddam Hussein amashumi eminyaka, ngokusebenzisa okubi kakhulu kobugebengu bakhe. Ngisho noMnyango Wezokuvikela, ngendlela ezungezile, uyavuma lokho. Singase sibuze ukuthi lithini ngobugebengu bukaSaddam Hussein ngenkathi enesibindi lapho ethola izibusiso zikaMalume Sam?
Ngezintambo zobunxusa baseMelika singafunda ukuthi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1960 iLondon neWashington bathola ukuthi u-Hussein "insizwa ebukekayo.” Ngawo lowo nyaka amaNgisi nawo aphawula “ukuvela ekukhanyeni” nokuthi “uma nje oyedwa engabona okwengeziwe ngaye, bekungenzeka ukwenza ibhizinisi.” Kepha, mhlawumbe ukwembulwa okwengeziwe kwakunguMnyango Wezwe wango-1975 memo lapho uSaddam Hussein achazwa ngokuthi “umuntu ophawuleka kakhulu” futhi “ononya,” lapho impendulo kaHenry Kissinger yathi: “Lokho kwakulindeleke noma kunjalo lapho besusa into yamaKurdish.” Nokho, leyo “nto yamaKurd” yayiwukucindezela okunonya kwamaKurds. Njengenothi eseceleni kufanele sidonse ukunaka kothile obekhona kulo mhlangano, umuntu ozoba yinkosi yaseMelika yase-Iraq yakusasa: uPaul Bremer.
Futhi kwakungemva kweMpi YasePersian Gulf yango-1991 IWashington yagcina uSaddam esemandleni ukuvimba ukuvela kukahulumeni ongase angakwenzi lokho esikufunayo. Ubani ongakhohlwa I-NYT's Isihloko sakudala sango-1991 sombhali uThomas Friedman, “Umbono okhulayo wokuthi u-Hussein wase-Iraq kumele Ahambe,” echaza lokhu kushukumisa? UFriedman wabhala ukuthi impi "yalwelwa ukubuyisela isimo esasikhona" ngoba "ngaphambi kokuba uMnu. Hussein ahlasele iKuwait wayeyinsika yebhalansi yamandla kanye nesimo esithandwa yiWashington." Obekufunwa nguWashington “kwakuyi-Iraqi junta enesandla sensimbi ngaphandle kukaSaddam Hussein,” kodwa lapho kungeke kwenzeke lokho, i-US yavumela uSaddam ukuthi acekele phansi labo abamvukelayo. Singase siqaphele ukuthi lokhu kubalwe ngenhla emacaleni obugebengu amabi kakhulu kaSaddam.
Ngemuva kweMpi YaseGulf, iWashington yafaka unswinyo lokuqothula izwe, yabulala kancane kancane amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu, okwatholakala ukuthi "kuwufanele” ngezikhulu eziholayo zaseMelika, ukuze uhulumeni akhiphe izikhali futhi acekelwe phansi ngaphambi kokuwuhlasela ngo-2003. Yebo le mpi yadala izigidi zababaleki, futhi yabulala. abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi.
Futhi ngemva kwalokhu kukhululwa kwegazi kwaba uWashington ekuqaleni iziphakamiso eziphikisanayo zokhetho.
KwakuyiWashington okwathi, ngemva kokwakhiwa kukahulumeni omusha, ibambelele emafayilini e-intelligence ase-Iraqi ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi uhulumeni omusha uzokwabelana ngolwazi nabalingani bakhe base-Iranian.
Kwakuyibutho laseWashington elasungula “amaqembu abeluleki benkonzo” ukuqondisa uhulumeni ongaphansi kwakhe ngokusungula izinqubomgomo zakhe ezintsha zezomnotho nezepolitiki.
KwakuyiWashington eyafaka ingcindezi kuhulumeni wase-Iraq ukuthi akhansele i-2009 referendum yokuhoxa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
KwakunguWashington owaxoshwa e-Iraq lapho laba bakamuva benqaba ukwamukela izimfuno zangaphambili ukuzivikela.
Futhi kwakungemva kokuba iWashington ishiye leyo mibhalo esemthethweni ephathelene ne- ukubulala enziwe amasosha ase-US eHaditha atholakala, futhi lapho isosha elilodwa lathi alisitholanga lesi sibhicongo “simangalisa” ngoba lezo zigameko “zazenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi.”
Umbono ofakwe ku- NYT Umhleli, ukuthi iWashington inikeze i-Iraq “ithuba lokwakha uhlelo olusha lwentando yeningi olusekelwe emthethweni nokuhlonipha zonke izakhamuzi,” kuwumthwalo wenkunzi. Njengoba kunjalo Izikhathi' okufanele sikhathazeke ngokuziphatha. Izwe elibusa ondlovukayiphikiswa, abafana noSaddam Hussein, futhi libahlomise ngesikhathi sombuso wabo omubi kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba bajeziswe ngokuhlanganyela ukuze lenze izwe liphelelwe amandla kangangokuthi iWashington inomuzwa wokuthi ingahlasela futhi idle izwe elinothe ngowoyela. akukho ukwethembeka uma kukhulunywa ngentando yeningi nokuziphatha. Futhi okufanayo nasephephandabeni, kukho konke, eliye lasiza ukwenza kube lula ukuziphatha okunjalo—singakhohlwa ukuthi inhlamba kangakanani New York Times Ukusabalala kwakuholela eMpini yase-Iraq yango-2003 (okungukuthi uJudy Miller), okwagcina kuphoqelekile ukuthi kushicilelwe incwadi. mea Culpa ngoba.
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