Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, emva nje konyulo lukaVicente Fox luphelise ulawulo lobuzwilakhe lwe-PRI lweminyaka engama-71 eMexico kwaye ngaphambi nje konyulo lukaPablo Salazar njengerhuluneli yaseChiapas yaphakamisa amathemba aphezulu otshintsho, kwabakho iklasi yokufunda nokubhala eTzotzil, iAbeja iimbacu zaseX. 'Oyep eAltos.
Abafundisi-ntsapho, abafundi baseyunivesithi basezidolophini abaselula abasuka kumantla eMexico babenike abafundi babo umsebenzi wokubhala iphepha elinye, kuso nasiphi na isihloko abasikhethileyo.
Kwakukho malunga namashumi amabini abafundi eklasini. Owokuqala, oselula, wema waza waqalisa ukufunda. Ibali lakhe lalilula, lendlela yena nosapho lwakhe abanyanzelwa ngayo ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo xa amajoni omkhosi afikayo ukuze abagrogrise. Indlela abaphulukana ngayo nazo zonke izinto zabo xa babebaleka besoyika. Umfundi olandelayo naye wafunda ibali lokubaleka kosapho lwakhe kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Ekupheleni kweyure umfundi ngamnye wayebalise ibali lokugrogriswa ngamajoni nokuba yimbacu.
Ubundlobongela bekumele buphele ngokungena kukaFox noSalazar kulawulo. Iintetho phakathi korhulumente omtsha noMkhosi weZapatista weNkululeko yeSizwe, okanye i-EZLN, zaziza kuphinda ziqalise. NgoDisemba 2000 i-EZLN yanika urhulumente imiqathango emithathu ecacileyo yothethathethwano: ukufuduswa kwezikhundla ezininzi zomkhosi (ezifuziselayo); ukukhululwa kwawo onke amabanjwa ezobupolitika aseZapatista; kunye nokuwiswa koMthetho wokuKhuselwa kwamaLungelo eMveli neNkcubeko, uMthetho weCocopa ekwakuvunyelwene ngawo ngo-1996.
Umthetho waphunyezwa waza wawiswa ngo-2001. Uninzi lwamabanjwa lwalukhululwe ngoMeyi 2002โ kodwa hayi onke. Kwaye ngoku umkhosi, kunye ne-paramilitaries, baphakathi kokuhlaselwa okukhulu ngokuchasene nooMasipala beZapatista Autonomous.
Kwaqala nge-31 kaJulayi, ngohlaselo lokudubula ngama-paramilitaries e-Ricardo Flores Magon eyashiya iingxwelerha ezininzi. Ngomhla we-7 ka-Agasti ngo-17 uNoviembre amabini amajoni abulala uJose Lopez Santiz. Ababulali bebaleka kunye nabasemagunyeni bancedisa ekufihleni. Ngomhla we-19 ka-Agasti abanye abane baseZapatista benzakala kwaye abathathu baxhwilwa kumasipala waseSan Manuel. Ababini kwabaqweqwediweyo babaleka, owesithathu wasiwa kwiofisi yomtshutshisi e-Ocosingo, wavalelwa entolongweni, emva koko wabuyiselwa kwiofisi yomtshutshisi. Abanye abasemagunyeni ababini abazimeleyo abavela kuRicardo Flores Magon babulawa esikolweni ngo-Agasti 25. Owesithathu wabulawa ngomhla wama-26 kuMasipala we-Olga Isabel Autonomous. Unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-paramilitaries kunye nomkhosi luvulekile kwaye lucacile, kunye nee-paramilitaries ezibonelelwa ngumkhosi kwaye zibaleka zingohlwaywa emva kolwaphulo-mthetho lwabo.
Umkhosi waseMexico, okwangoku, wafika koomasipala besebenza ngo-Agasti 26 ukuya eRicardo Flores Magon, eSan Manuel, nakwezinye iindawo ezikufutshane ne-Ocosingo. Ubuncinci amakhulu amajoni, aneenqwelo ezingaphezulu kwekhulu, kubandakanywa iitanki kunye nezixhobo zokudubula, ahlala kule nxalenye yelizwe kwinto elinye iqela lamalungelo oluntu eliyibiza ngokuba.
"Indibano yokuqala yobukhulu obungaka ukusukela oko uMongameli uVicente Fox wabhengeza ukurhoxiswa komkhosi kwiinkampu zase-Amador Hernndez, La Garrucha, Guadalupe Tepeyac, Cuxulj, Roberto Barrios, Oventic kunye neLa Realidad ngoDisemba ka-2000, xa wayethatha isikhundla. โ (Fray Pedro Lorenzo de la Nada iKomiti yamaLungelo oLuntu, ecatshulwe eLa Jornada ngo-Agasti 26)
Kwanele ukwenza umntu azibuze ukuba ngubani ngokwenene onxibe imaski. Ukuba iZapatistas, njengoko zisitsho, zigqume ubuso babo ukuze zibonwe, kuthekani ngoMongameli Fox kunye namandla asemva kwakhe ukuya eNyakatho? Ubuso babo bugcwele kumajelo eendaba, kodwa ukubulawa okumdaka abamele ukuzuza kuko akuyekwa okanye kuphandwe ngokupheleleyo.
NgoMatshi 2001, iiZapatista zatsalela amakhulu amawaka kwizocalo ekwisiXeko saseMexico emva kwendibano yelizwe lonke kunye nekharavani ukuya kwikomkhulu. Injongo yabo yayikukucinezela ukuba kuwiswe umthetho weCocopa. Babonise ukuba badume kakhulu eMexico nakwihlabathi kangangokuba urhulumente kwafuneka adanise ingoma yabo- okwethutyana.
Kodwa urhulumente wayenesicwangciso sakhe, sokuwisa umthetho wemveli ochasene nohlengahlengiso kwaye awubize njengomthetho wohlaziyo. Ukuthembisa into entsha kunye nokuhambisa isidlo esikrakra esifanayo abantu baseLatin America bebesoloko bekhonzwa: ubundlobongela bezopolitiko kunye nokuphangwa kwezoqoqosho. UCarlos Fazio waseLa Jornada ucinga ukuba ezi zimbini zihlobene ngokuthe ngqo kunokuba umntu anokucinga:
โLe asiyothiyori yelenqe. Izibakala zikhona. I-counter-reforms yemveli kunye nombane yinxalenye yephakheji efanayo, ekwabandakanya i-counterinsurgency logistical-police-military repositioning in Tehuantepec/Caadas (Chiapas) isthmus corridor ngaphakathi kwesakhelo sePPP [Plan Puebla-Panama]. Oku kuyilwe kwangaphambili, kwaye ngokufihlakeleyo, ukuze ukwazi ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela kunye / okanye uqhanqalazo lotyando lombane, njengoko imeko ifuna. "
(http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=8&ItemID=2260)
Cwangcisa iPuebla-Panama igcwele iiprojekthi ezinkulu zokugcwalisa umzantsi-mpuma ngamadama kwaye ujike abantu bomthonyama babe ngabasebenzi be-maquila. Abantu bomthonyama banezicwangciso zabo, zokubuyisela umhlaba wabo, inkcubeko kunye nokuzimela. Urhulumente, okwangoku, kubonakala ngathi ugqibe kwelokuba akasafuni ukuzenza ngathi unomdla woxolo kodwa unokubukela ngelixa ii-paramilitaries kunye nomkhosi bebetha ii-Zapatistas kwakhona.
Ngowe-1999 i-EZLN yabhala ingxelo, ithetha โngeqhinga elitshaโ likarhulumente kaZedillo awayesakuba nguMongameli waseMexico nxamnye nabo: โAkukho nto intsha ngalo, ingelilo neqhinga, ikwakwafana nokubetha ngobutyhakala okucingela ukuba abo bebesazi Ukuxhathisa iminyaka engama-500, akunakukwazi ukwenjenjalo unyaka onesiqingatha.โ
Kubonakala ngathi kuncinci okutshintshileyo kwiminyaka emi-3 kunokuba bekuthenjisiwe. Oku kulishwa, kuba ukuba abaCwangcisi basePuebla-Panama baphumelele ukutshabalalisa inkcaso ehloniphekileyo, ehloniphekileyo yeZapatistas, abayi kushiywa ngaphandle kokuchasana, kodwa ukuchasana okungazange kuhlonipheke. Kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kwe-9/11, uAdolfo Gilly wabhala eLa Jornada:
โKwiminyaka esixhenxe eyadlulayo, kumazantsi eMexico, imvukelo yezapatista yakhupha isilumkiso. Abazange bafune ukuyiphulaphula, bavala iindlela eziya kubo, bahlekisa ngobuchule babo bokwenza ezobupolitika kunye nomnqweno wabo wokulondoloza amalungelo, uxolo nobomi. Ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esinye uMarcos wabaxelela ukuba, emva nangaphaya kwabo, baya kuza abo bavela kwindawo yokuhlala yoluntu, isaqhwithi esingenabuso nesingenamagama sabathotyiweyo, abahlaziswayo, abo bahlala bephathwa njengokungcola ngoorhulumente namagosa, zizityebi kunye nabasebenzi. iinkosiโ
(http://www.zmag.org/chiapas1/faceless.htm)
"Izityebi kunye neenkosi" zibheja ukuba abantu behlabathi abasajongi iChiapas, ukuba ukususela ekubeni i-EZLN comandancia yasishiya isiXeko saseMexico abahlobo bee-zapatistas baye baphelelwa ngumdla. Abantu banako, kwaye bafanele, babonise ukuba baphosisa.
UJustin Podur ugcina icandelo le-ZNet's Watch Chiapas (www.zmag.org/chiapas1/index.htm).