Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, iBulletin yeAtomic Scientists yahambisa izandla zeClock yayo edumileyo 'yeDoomsday Clock' phambili imizuzu emibini - ukuya kwimizuzu emithathu ukuya ezinzulwini zobusuku. Iphaneli yeBulletin yachaza ukuba iinkokeli zamazwe ngamazwe ziyasilela ukwenza owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo, "ukuqinisekisa nokugcina impilo kunye namandla empucuko yabantu." Kwakukho iingozi ezimbini eziphambili: โUkutshintsha kwemozulu okungalawulekiyo,โ kwelinye icala, โnokuphuculwa kwezixhobo zenyukliya ehlabathini lonke, nobukhulu bezixhobo zenyukliya,โ kwelinye.
Ngelixa ubomi eMhlabeni bunokomelela, akucaci kwaphela ukuba uluntu lunekamva. Amathuba oluntu olulungelelanisiweyo, olusongelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu nenyukliya amfiphele.
Kwanemfazwe yenyukliya โencinciโ ebandakanya nje iimfazwe ze-100 okanye ezingako ze-Hiroshima zingaphosa ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezithandathu zeetoni zemetric โamasuntswana e-carbon aerosol emnyamaโ (soot) emoyeni, inciphisa imvula namaqondo obushushu kwihlabathi liphela ishumi leminyaka. Impembelelo enokubakho kwezolimo yehlabathi ivavanyiwe kwinani lezifundo. I-International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War and Physicians for Social Responsibility yashwankathela oko bakufumanisileyo ngo-2013: โUkongezelela kubantu abayibhiliyoni kumazwe asakhasayo abaza kujongana nendlala enokwenzeka, abantu abasisi-1.3 sebhiliyoni baseTshayina baza kujongana nokungakhuseleki kokutya.โ
Zingaphezulu kwe-10,000 iimfazwe zenyukliya ehlabathini.
Umphengululi woxolo uSeymour Melman weYunivesithi yaseColumbia, eNew York wakha waphawula ukuba iUnited States yayineArhente yokuLawula iziXhobo nokuthotywa kwezixhobo eWashington eyayingaquki โumntu omnye owalathiswa ukucinga ngeengxaki zendlela yokuyila, ukuthethathethana, okanye ukuphumeza uhlengahlengiso. ugqatso lwezixhobo'. (Owangena ezihlangwini ze-ACDA, i-Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, ayibonakali inomdla kakhulu ekubuyiseleni umva ugqatso lwezixhobo.)
UMelman wongeza wathi:
โEwe imbono yokubuyisela umva ugqatso lwezixhobo njengendlela yokuphucula ukhuseleko iphantse yacinywa kwiingxoxo zoluntu. Umshicileli awuthethi ngayo. Iijenali zoluvo azithethi ngayo. Iiyunivesithi azithethi ngayo. Kwaye okubi kakhulu, ngokombono wam, imibutho yoxolo ayithethi ngayo. Ngethuba nje imibutho yoxolo ingathathi ukuguqulwa kogqatso lwezixhobo kunye neengxaki ezihambelanayo zento yokwenza ne-state capitalist elawulwa uqoqosho logqatso lwezixhobo, ngoko imibutho yoxolo ithatha inxaxheba kuhlobo lwe-charade. Kuninzi ukuthetha ngoxolo, kodwa luyintoni uxolo? Kwixesha lethu, uxolo asikokungabikho nje kwemfazwe okomzuzwana. Ngenxa yokusebenza okuqhubekayo kokucwangciswa kwemfazwe, ukulungiswa kwemfazwe, uxolo kufuneka luthethe ukunciphisa amandla ezigqibo zamaziko okwenza imfazwe. Ukuba oko kuqalile ke sihamba ngendlela enoxolo. โ
UMelman wagxininisa imfuneko yokuxhobisa abantu abasebenzayo kwinkqubo yokuguqulwa kwezoqoqosho. Umthetho awawuxhasayo wamisela ukuba, kuyo yonke imizi-mveliso yasemkhosini, ilabhoratri okanye isiseko esiqeshe abantu abali-100 ubuncinane, โIKomiti yoSetyenziso olulolunyeโ kufuneka imiselwe ubuncinane ngabantu abasibhozo, โngokumelwa ngokulinganayo kulawulo nabasebenzi beziko. โ Abasebenzi babeza kuba nelizwi elilinganayo nabaphathi.
UMelman ubhale wathi: โUlwazi lokuzibonela ngabasebenzi becandelo lezokhuselo lubalulekile kuguqulo. Ngoko ke, uguqulo kufuneka lwenziwe ekuhlaleni; akukho ofisi ephakathi ekude inokuba nolwazi oluyimfuneko ngabantu, izixhobo kunye neendawo eziyingqongileyo. โ
Ngoko kuya kubakho umthetho welizwe oxhasa isicwangciso sokuguqulwa kwezoqoqosho, kwaye kuya kubakho isenzo sokwabela amagunya kwiindawo zomkhosi ngokwazo. Kukho ukuhambelana okucacileyo apha kunye nendlela yokwazisa amandla avuselelekayo axhaswa nguNaomi Klein kwincwadi yakhe entsha eqaqambileyo Le Itshintsha Yonke into: Ubungxowankulu vs iMozulu:
โIsisombululo sigxininiswa kakhulu asikokwenziwa kwamandla kuzwelonke kwiimodeli ezikhoyo. Iinkampani ezinkulu ze-oyile ezizezasesidlangalaleniโฆ zinoburhalarhume ekulandeleni iiphuli zekhabhoni ezikumgangatho ophezulu njengabalingane bazo becandelo labucalaโฆ. Imodeli engcono iya kuba yinto entsha yokusetyenziswa - iqhutywe ngentando yesininzi, ngabahlali abayisebenzisayo, njenge-co-ops okanye "njenge-commons", njengoko umbhali kunye nomgqugquzeli uDavid Bollier kunye nabanye baye bachaza. Olu hlobo lolwakhiwo luya kwenza ukuba abemi bafune ngaphezulu kakhulu kwiinkampani zabo zamandla kunokuba banakho ngoku. โ
UKlein uphawula ukuba ukwanda okumangalisayo kwamva nje kunikezelo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo eJamani kwenzekile, โkwimeko yenkqubo yokutshayela, yelizwe yokuhlawula ukutya equka umxube wenkuthazo eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba nabani na ofuna ukungena kumandla ahlaziyekayo. isizukulwana sinokukwenza oko.โ Oku kukhuthaze abadlali abancinci, abangengawo amaqumrhu ukuba babe ngababoneleli bamandla ahlaziyekayo โ iifama, oomasipala, kunye namakhulu amaqumrhu asebenzisanayo asandulโ ukusekwa.
Inguqu ehlaziyiweyo yaseJamani idale imisebenzi ephantse ibe ngama-400,000 njengoko isabelo samandla ahlaziyekayo ekuveliseni umbane sisuka kwi-6% ngowama-2000 saya phantse kuma-25% ngowama-2013.
Klein wongezelela ngelithi: โOko akubanga amandla ombane kuphela, kodwa kwanamandla ezobupolitika nobutyebi.โ
Omnye umba womsebenzi kaMelman onokuthi uhambelane nomgaqo-nkqubo wemozulu kukuba ukwacebise โikhomishini yesizwe eyalelwe ukuba ikhuthaze ucwangciso lotyalo-mali oluyinkunzi ngezixeko, iingingqi, amazwe kunye norhulumente womanyano kuyo yonke imimandla yeziseko ezingundoqo โ uthungelwano lwezibonelelo neenkonzo ziziseko zebutho lale mihla lezoshishino.โ Le komishoni kazwelonke, eya kuphinda ipapashe incwadana yemigaqo yocwangciso lwengingqi yosetyenziso olulolunye, iya kunceda ekudaleni imfuno yempahla eyinkunzi, ukwenzela imveliso eluncedo eluntwini eququzelelwa ziiKomiti zokuSebenzisa eziNto ezizezinye kwiindawo eziguquliweyo zomkhosi.
Imisebenzi emithathu yamaziko oguqulo anjalo iya kuba kukuqinisekisa abantu abasebenza kuqoqosho lwasemkhosini ukuba banokuba nekamva kuluntu olungenamkhosi, ukubuyisela umva ukuwohloka koqoqosho, kunye nokuphumelela kumagunya okwenza izigqibo zabantu abasebenzayo ngaphakathi- uluntu longxowankulu.
Amaziko afanayo asebenza imisebenzi emithathu efanayo kwimeko yemozulu anokuxhasa indlela yentlalo-ntle eya kuqoqosho olungenanyama.
Ngo-2008, iBritish Trade Union Congress (TUC), umanyano lwesizwe lweemanyano zabasebenzi, yachaza โiNguqu njeโ njengaleyo izuza inkxaso yoluntu kwimigaqo-nkqubo efuneka ngamandla ngokusingqongileyo ngokuqinisekisa โulwabiwo olunobulungisa lweendleko kunye neenzuzo zezo. imigaqo-nkqubo kuqoqosho lonke,โ nangokubandakanya abo bachatshazelwa lutshintsho ekwenzeni izicwangciso zezoqoqosho.
Phakathi kwezibonelelo zeNguquko eLungileyo โyayiyinkqubo-sikhokelo yesizwe okanye indlela yokuqinisekisa ucwangciso lwexesha elide kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo ezimele inguqu kwindalo esingqongileyo.โ
I-TUC igxininise ukuba โKufuneka imilinganiselo yeNguqu nje ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilahleko yomsebenzi ngenxa yenguquko yendalo iyancitshiswa kwaye utshintsho phakathi kwamacandelo alwenzeki ngenxa yomsebenzi ondilisekileyo kunye nemimiselo neemeko ezifanelekileyo.โ Baphinde bachaza ukuba "isicwangciso seNguqulelo nje siyafuneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba amanyathelo okusingqongileyo angahambelani nengqesho - umzekelo, iirhafu eziluhlaza - azinampembelelo kumaqela emivuzo ephantsi."
Kukho uxanduva lokuziphatha apha, kunye nemiba yobuchule. Ukuba olu hlobo lolungiselelo alwenzelwanga abasebenzi kumashishini anekhabhoni ephezulu, bona kunye neentsapho zabo, kunye noluntu abahlala kulo, banokuthi baxhathise kwaye bacothise ukutshintshela kuqoqosho lwekhabhoni ephantsi.
UNaomi Klein usincomile isicwangciso seMisebenzi yeMozulu esiSisigidi esiqulunqwe ziimanyano zabasebenzi kunye nabakhankaseli bokusingqongileyo eBritane kutyalo-mali olukhulu lukarhulumente kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuhambisa iBritane ukuya kuqoqosho lwekhabhoni ephantsi:
โSidinga abasebenzi bokwakha amandla omoya awoneleyo, amandla elanga, amandla amaza kunye namandla olwandle ukuze sihlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno zethu zamandla. Sifuna abasebenzi ukuba bagqume kwaye balungise ngokutsha amakhaya ethu asele ekho nezakhiwo ukuze silondoloze amandla. Kwaye sifuna abasebenzi ukuba baqhube inkqubo enkulu yezothutho zikawonke-wonke eqhutywa ngumbane ohlaziyekayo. Sinabantu abafuna imisebenzi, nemisebenzi ekufuneka yenziwe. Ke sifuna urhulumente aqeshe isigidi sabantu ukuba benze imisebenzi emitsha yemozulu ngoku kwiNkonzo yeMozulu yeSizwe ehlangeneyo.โ
Ukukhusela izakhiwo kunye nokuhlaziya izakhiwo, ukwakha iibhasi ezintsha kunye nomzila kaloliwe, ukuvelisa kunye nokudibanisa iifama zomoya, ukwakha igridi entsha yamandla elizwe, njalo njalo: le "yimisebenzi yemozulu" enciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo, hayi โimisebenzi eluhlazaโ (umzekelo, abagcini beepaki) loo nto ayichaphazeli imozulu.
Umbono kukuba urhulumente kufuneka aqeshe abasebenzi abatsha abangama-90,000 nyanga nganye ukuze benze imisebenzi emitsha yemozulu: โEnyakeni siya kuba nesigidi semisebenzi emitsha.โ Nabani na olahlekelwa ngumsebenzi kwishishini lekhabhoni ephezulu kufuneka aqinisekiswe umsebenzi kwiNkonzo yeMozulu yeSizwe kwizinga elifanayo lomvuzo abawunandiphayo kumsebenzi wabo wangaphambili.
Iindleko zenkqubo kurhulumente zinokuba yi-ยฃ 19bn kuphela ngonyaka, xa uqwalasela ingeniso evela kwirhafu yengeniso entsha kunye neenkonzo ezintsha, ngokutsho kwephulo leMillion yeMillion yeMisebenzi yeMozulu. Bakholelwa ukuba oku kunokuhlawulwa ngokunyusa ingeniso kunye neerhafu zobutyebi kwi-1% ecebileyo, ngerhafu encinci ye-Tobin kwiintengiselwano zemali, kunye / okanye ngeemali mboleko zikaRhulumente ezifana ne-ยฃ 75bn-a-year quantitative easing program. Konke oku ngaphandle kokuphambukisa imali kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lomkhosiโฆ.
Ngokwezibalo zabo, i-One Million Climate Jobs isicwangciso sinokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweBritani ngama-80% kwiminyaka engama-20, 'isabelo sengonyama sento ekufuneka siyenze'. Sika imfuno yamandla ngesiqingatha, kwaye ujike phantse lonke unikezelo lwamandla kumoya, amaza, amaza kunye nelanga - ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwasekhaya kweBritane ukusuka kwi-528 megatonnes ye-CO2 ukuya kwi-106Mt.
EMzantsi Afrika, kukwakho nephulo leMisebenzi eSisigidi seMozulu yeMozulu, eliqulunqwe yimibutho yasekuhlaleni engama-40, kuquka nemibutho yabasebenzi. Eli phulo libhala oku: โSiyazi ukuba ekuhambeni kwexesha, utshintsho lwemozulu lufuna utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela esiphila ngayo, indlela esivelisa ngayo nesiyisebenzisayo, nendlela esinxibelelana ngayo nendalo kunye nezinye. Sidinga utshintsho lweenkqubo, kwaye sifuna ibhulorho phakathi kwendawo esikuyo ngoku kunye nesi siphumo sibalulekileyo kodwa sexesha elide. IPhulo leMisebenzi yeMozulu yeMozulu ibonelela ngebhulorho enjalo.โ
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siphuhlise, sifune kwaye silungelelanise ngakumbi kwezi ntlobo zeenkqubo ezinokuvala umsantsa phakathi kweenyaniso ezibuhlungu esijongene nazo namhlanje, kunye noluntu olunesidima olunethuba lokwenene lokusinda. Izandla zewotshi zihlala zishukuma.
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