Njengoko sisondela kuqhanqalazo lobulungisa bemozulu yehlabathi ekupheleni kukaNovemba, kunye nokungathobeli kwabantu okucetyiweyo eParis ngomhla we-12 kaDec, kufanelekile ukujongana nokuphelelwa lithemba abantu abaninzi abaziva malunga nokubonisa. Kukho unxunguphalo oluthile abalweli bemozulu abaninzi abavakalelwa ngalo malunga neengxoxo kunye neengqungquthela zamazwe ngamazwe njengesiphumo sokungaphumeleli kweentetho zaseCopenhagen ngo-2009. Njengoko ndibhala, kukho ukukhungatheka okukhulu njengoko urhulumente waseFransi evala uqhanqalazo oluninzi, kwaye intshukumo yemozulu yehlabathi ifuna iindlela. ukuphendula ngokuyilayo nangempumelelo. Njengomntu ohamba ngebhayisekile esiya eParis kunye nabanye abaphembeleli bemozulu abali-100 abavela eBritane, kwaye ejonge ukujoyina ukungathobeli kwabantu eParis, ndiqinisekile ukuba iindlela ziya kufumaneka zokubonisa indlala yobulungisa bemozulu eParis ngoDisemba.
Kwinqanaba elinzulu, ndingathanda ukulungisa amathandabuzo ngokubanzi malunga noqhanqalazo ngokwalo. Esi sizukulwana siphawulwe ngokungaphumeleli kwentshukumo yokulwa nemfazwe ukukhusela ukuhlaselwa kwe-Iraq kwi-2003, kunye nendlela ukusilela kubhalwe ngayo kwinkcubeko eqhelekileyo. Esinye isixhobo esibalulekileyo kwindawo yokugcina izixhobo zabanamandla ngumoya wokungoyiswa abakwazi ukuwudala, imvakalelo yokungathinteleki elukiweyo malunga noloyiso lwabo. Ludidi lweengqondi ezivumelanayo ekudaleni le ndawo yokungaxhathisi, kunye nokungabi namandla okuziwayo.
Kwimeko yemfazwe ye-2003 e-Iraq, iinyani zinika umbono owahluke kakhulu. Ukuba sibuyela emva ekuqaleni kwentlekele, oko kuza ngengqiqo ngoSeptemba 11, 2001. Ngelixa iPentagon yayisavutha emva kokuhlaselwa yi-al-Qa'eda, uNobhala wezoKhuseleko wase-US uDonald Rumsfeld wabhala imemo kuquka nezi. "Gweba ukuba ulungile ngokwaneleyo ukuba angabetha uSaddam Hussein ngaxeshanye. Hayi bin Laden kuphela. Hamba mkhulu. Tshayela yonke. Izinto ezihambelanayo kwaye akunjalo. "
UMongameli wase-US uGeorge W. Bush wayezinikele ngokucacileyo kwimfazwe e-Iraq ukusuka phakathi kwe-2002, kungakhathaliseki ukungabikho kobungqina obubophelela ulawulo lwe-Saddam kwi-9 / 11. Ingxaki yayikukuba uluntu lwaseUnited States lwaluchasa olo gonyamelo. NgoJanuwari 2003, i-poll e-US ifumene inkxaso ye-83 yepesenti yemfazwe evunywe yiZizwe eziManyeneyo kunye namaqabane amakhulu ase-US; kodwa kuphela i-47 pesenti yenkxaso ukuba uhlaselo lwaluxhaswa kuphela ngumhlobo omnye okanye ababini. Ukuba i-US yenza yedwa ngokupheleleyo, inkxaso yehla ukuya kwi-34 ekhulwini. Olunye uvoto lufumene iziphumo ezifanayo.
Ngaphandle kokuthanda kwakhe unilateralist, uBush wanyanzelwa ngamandla oluvo oluchasene nemfazwe e-US ukuba enze umdibaniso wamazwe ngamazwe ukwenza uhlaselo lwakhe lwase-Iraq lusebenze ngokwezopolitiko. Oko kwakuthetha ukuba, ngokubalulekileyo, iNkulumbuso yaseBritane uTony Blair. Ingxaki yayikukuba uBlair wayejongene nomkhosi omkhulu wokulwa imfazwe ekhaya, ngakumbi kwiQela lakhe laBasebenzi. Oku kumnyanzele kwithuba elide, elibuhlungu, kwaye ekugqibeleni elingaphumelelanga kwisigqibo seBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN sokugunyazisa isenzo somkhosi yi-US ne-UK.
Njengoko iinyanga zihamba, uBlair waxoxa ukuba ukuba ukwazile ukwenza iivoti ezilithoba ezilungileyo kwiBhunga lezoKhuseleko, wayeya kuphumelela uloyiso lokuziphatha, nokuba iSigqibo 'sesibini' sasivalwe yiFransi okanye elinye ilungu elisisigxina. Imfazwe yayiza kuba nohlobo oluthile olusemthethweni oluvela kwinkqubo ye-UN. Kodwa uBlair khange akwazi ukuphumelela nokuba semthethweni kobubuxoki, njengoko amazwe amancinane ngoko akwiBhunga lezoKhuseleko ala ukufola emva kweSigqibo ebesiphakamisa. Enye into yayiluluvo oluchasene nemfazwe. Ngokomzekelo, iChile yagungqiswa yimiboniso echasene ne-US, kwaye yaqala ukusebenza kunye neMexico echasene nemfazwe.
UBush wanyanzelwa ngamandla entshukumo echasene nemfazwe e-US ukwenza uRhulumente waseBritane ube ngumhlobo obalulekileyo (osemthethweni). UBlair wanyanzeliswa ngamandla ombutho wokulwa nemfazwe e-UK ukwenza iBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN libe ligunya eliyimfuneko (elisemthethweni). Ukuhlanganisana okuchasene nemfazwe yehlabathi kuncede ukuthintela iBhunga lezoKhuseleko ukuba lifake iivoti ezilithoba ezilungileyo zemfazwe, lishiya uBlair ebhentsiswe ngokuyingozi. Wanyanzelwa, ethandabuza, ukuba abize ivoti kwiNdlu yeeMimandla ngoMatshi 18, 2003, awayengaqinisekanga ukuba angaphumelela. Uvavanyo oluphambili lukaBlair yayikukuba angayifumana na inkxaso yesininzi saMalungu ePalamente.
Kwezi meko, uqhanqalazo olukhulu lokuchasa imfazwe eLondon nge-15 kaFebhruwari ka-2003, olubandakanya mhlawumbi abantu abasisigidi, yaba sisibetho esikhulu ekuthembekeni kukaBlair. UBlair kwafuneka agrogrise ngokurhoxa njengeNkulumbuso ukuba uyalahleka ukuze akhusele amaLungu ePalamente okwaneleyo ukuba aqhubeke nemfazwe.
Siyazi ukuba ulawulo lukaBlair lothukile emva kwe-15 kaFebruwari kaMatshi.
NgoLwesibini nge-11 kaMatshi, i-2003, kwiveki nje phambi kokuvota kwi-Commons, iSebe lezoKhuselo 'lalilungiselela ngokukhawuleza izicwangciso ezinokuthi "ziqhawule" imikhosi yaseBritane ngokupheleleyo kuhlaselo lomkhosi e-Iraq, behlisa indima yabo kwizigaba ezilandelayo zephulo. nokugcina uxolo.' Leyo yingxelo evela kwiDaily Telegraph, iphephandaba laseBritane elinxulunyaniswa kakhulu noMkhosi oxhobileyo.
Ngolo suku, nge-11 kaMatshi, owayesakuba nguNobhala wezoKhuselo wase-Bhritane ngelo xesha, uGeoff Hoon, wazama ukucacisa umngcipheko wokuba urhulumente wase-Bhritane wayebaleka neqabane lakhe, uDonald Rumsfeld. URumsfeld, ngokuqhelekileyo, waxelela amajelo eendaba ukuba ukuya emfazweni ngaphandle kwe-UK 'yinto yokuba uninzi lwamagosa aphezulu kurhulumente axoxisane ne-UK imihla ngemihla okanye yonke imihla.' 'Kwakungacacanga' ukuba 'bangakwazi kangakanani na ukuthatha inxaxheba kumsitho umongameli ethatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa amandla' ngokuchasene ne-Iraq.
Ngokutsho kweSunday Telegraph, ekupheleni kwaloo veki, 'uMnu Hoon [waye]gxininise iingxaki zezopolitiko uRhulumente wayenazo zombini kunye namaLungu ePalamente kunye noluntu', amaphiko amabini ombutho waseBritane ochasene nemfazwe. Inkulumbuso uBlair kwafuneka atsalele umnxeba uMongameli Bush ukuba anike isiqinisekiso sakhe sokuba imikhosi yaseBritane ikulungele ukwenza 'igalelo elibalulekileyo' kuhlaselo.
Oku bekwaziwa eWhitehall, iziko likarhulumente waseBhritane, njenge 'Wobbly Tuesday', ixesha apho intshukumo yehlabathi yokuchasana nemfazwe isondele kakhulu ekupheliseni imfazwe e-Iraq. Ngaloo mihla, uTony Blair wasondela ekuphulukaneni nenkxaso yamaLungu ePalamente e-Iraq, nto leyo eyayinokunyanzela iBritane ukuba iphume kumkhosi wohlaselo. Oku ke kwakunokunyanzela i-US ukuba ibuyisele umva ithayimthebhile yohlaselo (imikhosi yaseBritane yayidityaniswe nemikhosi yase-US, ngoko ke ukuyibamba kwakungayi kuba yinto elula). Indawo yokuphefumla edalwe yile inokuba inike abahloli bezixhobo ze-UN ixesha lokuphumelela ixesha elingakumbi kwiBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN, ukutyhalela imfazwe umva ekwindla kwaye bayiphelise ngokupheleleyo.
Kwizangqa zamatshantliziyo aseBritane, uMatshi we-15 kaFebruwari ukhunjulwa njengokusilela okulusizi, ukuphoxeka okukhulu. Ifanele, endaweni yoko, ikhunjulwe njengempumelelo ekufutshane, inyikima yezopolitiko eyagungqisa uRhulumente waseBritane ukuya kumbindi.
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1 amagqabantshintshi
Ukuba umntu uyawaqonda amandla njengentshukumo ehlangeneyo, akukho nzima ukubona amandla anokubakho omatshi (ukuhlanganiswa) njengentshukumo ehlangeneyo. Kodwa, ukumatsha akuwadali amandla, kusenokukhokelela ekuphelelweni lithemba. I-Rai ibeka umba wokuba kutheni iintshukumo ezichasene nemfazwe e-UK nase-US zehla ngokukhawuleza ngamandla emva ko-2003 - kunye "nokuphumelela okukufutshane" ngolo hlobo โฆโฆโฆ. Umahluko phakathi komngcelele okhokelela emagunyeni okanye ekuphelelweni lithemba, ngumbuzo wokumatshela ntoni? Lo ngumbuzo ophambili phambi kweentshukumo ezidityanelweyo kwi-COP 21.
Okokuqala umxholo omncinci, oku kungaphezulu kakhulu kweentetho ze-Coopenhagen zika-2009, malunga nokungaphumeleli kwenkomfa ye-20 yamaqela kungekhona nje enye. Imalunga nokusilela kwenkomfa ukumela thina okanye uMama wethu woMhlaba.
Imingcelele ikhokelela ekuphelelweni lithemba, xa isenzo esihlangeneyo sibongoza ngokuthobekileyo abo basilawulayo naphezu kwethu ukuba balungise izikhalazo. Ngalo lonke eli xesha, sisazi ukuba abo basimeleyo abanako kwaye abayi kuthatha isenzo esinentsingiselo-ukuhlawula kuphela imilebe yomlomo ukuze kuxhamle ipropaganda yeendaba eziqhelekileyo. Yile nto yenzekileyo ngezenzo ezininzi ezichasene nemfazwe ngaphandle kokuphumelela kwabo.
Ukuze izenzo ezihlangeneyo eParis zixhobise, kufuneka baqonde ukuba amaqela e-COP 21, AKAKWAZI kwaye AWUKWAZI ukusimela okanye eyona nto ingcono kwiinkqubo zokuxhasa ubomi beplanethi. Ukulindela okanye ukufuna ukuba inkomfa yamaqela ithathe amanyathelo ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo malunga nobulungisa bemozulu kukumema ukuphelelwa lithemba. Ubulungisa bemozulu bunokwenzeka kuphela ngokumatsha okuqaphela amandla okuza ngezenzo zethu ezidibeneyo, hayi ezabo.