Kana iwe ukaedza kugadzira chirongwa nechinangwa chekugumbura vepamusoro makambani ane simba pasi rose uye vezvematongerwo enyika vane mabasa avanobhanga, unogona kuwana chimwe chinhu chakafanana nezvakaziviswa naBernie Sanders nhasi mumadhora zviuru gumi nematanhatu. Green New Deal chikuva. Ndicho chikamu chepfungwa. "Tinoda mutungamiri wenyika ane hushingi, chiono, uye rekodhi kutarisana nekukara kwevakuru vemafuta ezvicherwa uye boka remabhiriyoni vanomira munzira yemamiriro ekunze," hurongwa hwekuvhura salvo hunodaro, vachienderera mberi nekutaura. mukurumbira mutsetse kubva kuna Franklin Delano Roosevelt. "Tinoda mutungamiri wenyika anotambira ruvengo rwavo."
Sanders anotsanangura hurongwa hwakakura, huchivakira pachigadziro chakaunzwa naRep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez naSen. Ed Markey muna Kubvumbi, iyo yaizoburitsa pachena simba rakachena uye mamirioni makumi maviri emabasa matsva, kupedzisa mafuta emafuta ekunze uye kunze kwenyika, kumutsidzira kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu. mambure, gadzirisa kusarongeka kwenhoroondo senge rusaruraganda kwezvakatipoteredza, uye ita mari yakawanda kune decarbonization kumba nekune dzimwe nyika - pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Izvo zvaisazongoshandura nzanga yeAmerica kure nemafuta ezvicherwa asi kutaurirana zvekare makumi emakore emhuno, inotsigirwa nekodzero, nezvemabasa ehurumende nehupfumi.
"Chokwadi ndicho chirongwa chikuru uye chakashinga uye chiono kunze uko," Evan Weber, director wezvematongerwo enyika Sunrise Movement, akaudza The Intercept, "zvese muhukuru hwayo uye zvakare mune dzakawanda nzira dzekuzadzisa chikero ichocho, zvinoita sekunge [Sanders] arikusundira miganhu yemagadzirirwo akaita nzanga yeAmerica parizvino."
Pane zvinyowani, zvikumbiro zvenyama zvinoita kuti chikumbiro chaSanders chibude pachena kubva kumunda wagara uchishuvira: chirongwa chemari-ye-clunkers uye chirongwa chekubatsira chemari kukwirisa mashandisirwo emotokari yemagetsi, uye hurongwa hwekusimudzira kukwira kwevanhu 65 muzana panosvika 2030; chinhu chinodiwa kuti Congressional Budget Hofisi ishande neEnvironmental Protection Agency kuti ipe mutemo mutsva “mucherechedzo wemamiriro ekunze,” sezvibodzwa zvebhajeti zvazvinoita; uye kutevedzera Chiziviso cheUnited Nations pamusoro peKodzero dzeVanhu veNyika kuti tive nechokwadi chekubvumirwa kwekusununguka, kusati kwaitika, uye ruzivo rwevanhu veIndigenous.
Izvo zvakare zvakakonzera kukakavara pakati pesimba mawonks anoona anti-nuclear gadziriro seanopikisa decarbonization. Urongwa uhwu hunotongawo kunze kwekutora kabhoni uye kuchengetedza, izvo nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuti zvingave zvakakosha munguva pfupi-pfupi yekushandura-yakaoma-ku-decarbonize zvikamu - asi kuti vatariri vemafuta emafuta vakasundidzirawo kwenguva refu senzira yekuwedzera hupenyu hwayo nekusingaperi. Mutero weCarbon wanga uri musimboti wezvirongwa zvemamiriro ekunze eSanders, uye yake Green New Deal blueprint haifanofanotaura nezvesarudzo asi zvakare haisimbise.
"Chakanyanya kukosha, isu tinofanirwa kuvaka sangano risati ramboitika rine simba rekuzvitora, uye nekukunda."
Kumhanya kuburikidza nechirongwa idzidziso yakasiyana uye yakajeka yeshanduko pane nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzakaiswa nevamwe vavhoti; yakavakirwa pakuronga nekutumidza vavengi mazita. Sanders anovimbisa kutora "mabhirioni emafuta emafuta ane makaro ari pakati pedambudziko remamiriro ekunze," anoti, "vakashandisa mazana emamiriyoni emadhora kuchengetedza purofiti yavo vachirasikirwa neramangwana redu" uye "vachaita. chero zvingatora kusvina peni yega yega yekupedzisira kubva paPasi." Ichitsanangura kuti chirongwa ichi chichapihwa mari sei, inotaura kuti achawana madhora 3.085 matiriyoni nekuita kuti "indasitiri yemafuta emafuta abhadhare kusvibiswa kwavo, kuburikidza nematare, mubhadharo, uye mutero, uye kubvisa federal fossil mafuta anobatsira."
“Chinonyanya kukosha,” anodaro, “tinofanira kuvaka sangano repasi risati ramboitika rine simba rakakwana rokuvatora, uye kukunda. Vechidiki, vamiriri, madzinza, maguta nematunhu munyika yese vakatotanga basa rakakosha iri, uye ticharamba tichitevera kutungamira kwavo. "
Inzira iyo inosiyanisa maSanders kwete kubva kumunda wekutanga asi kubva kumakore makumi matatu ekupedzisira ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze muUnited States.
Iri pedyo zvikuru neUS yati yambosvika pakudzika mutemo wakadzama wekudzikisa kabhoni yaive yakatongerwa kurwisana kwekongiresi pamusoro pechivharo-uye-kutengesa mutemo muna 2009 na 2010. Pane tsananguro dzakawanda dzekuti sei hurongwa uhu hwakakundikana sezvo paine zvingangoita zvirongwa zveGreen New Deal, uye zvakawanda zvinosuruvarisa zvinhu converged kuti torpedo mikana yayo. Chimwe chikonzero chikuru nei hurongwa uhu hwakaparara? Vamwe vevamiriri vayo vane simba vaive nehanya nekuhwina makambani pane kupwisa veruzhinji kuti yaive pfungwa yakanaka. Kiyi yekuwana rutsigiro rweRepublican, vakafunga, yaive yekukunda nharaunda yebhizinesi, kutora mukana wehukama hwakasimba hwekare pakati pemakambani neGOP. Mota yekuita izvozvo ingave chirongwa chekuvhara-uye-yekutengesa, kuisa muganhu, kana "chivharo," pamakambani ese ekusvibisa anogona kubuda nekugovera nhamba yakatarwa yezvibvumirano zvakazara. Kana imwe kambani ikadarika, inogona kutenga zvakawanda kubva kune imwe kana kutengesa, kana "kutengesa," chero yakawandisa yayange yasara pane inozivikanwa semusika wecarbon.
Muna 2007, US Climate Action Partnership, kana kuti USCAP, ichibatsirwa neEnvironmental Defense Fund, yakaunganidza masangano eBeltway green nemakambani eFortune 500 - anosanganisira BP America, PG&E, Duke Energy, neLehman Brothers - kuti vatange kufudza chirongwa kuburikidza nevanodyidzana navo. Chikomo. Nekuti zvaifungidzirwa kuti mutemo wemamiriro ekunze unogona kugadzirwa uye kupfuudzwa zvakanyanya kuseri kwemasuo akavharwa, vamiriri vecap-uye-kutengeserana havana kumbobvira vabuda munzira yavo yekutsanangura zvingave zvinorehwa negwaro kune veruzhinji, kana - mukubata kwekudzika. kuderera kwehupfumi - kuti ingavandudza sei hupenyu hwavo, vachisarudza kuparadzira shoko pamusoro pekutyisidzira kukuru kwekudziya kwepasirese.
Chimwe chikonzero chikuru chakaita kuti hurongwa uhu hubudirire ndechekuti vamwe vevamiriri vayo vane simba vaive nehanya nekuhwina makambani pane kupwisa veruzhinji kuti raive zano rakanaka.
Iyo 1,000-pamwe-peji yeImba chivharo-uye-kutengesa bhiri, Waxman-Markey, yakabudirira mushure mekungwarira kurova mavhoti uye kukanganisa kukuru. Semunyori wemamiriro ekunze David Roberts ane Ratidza, bhiri racho pacharo rakanga rakawedzera kupfuura vazhinji vevatsoropodzi varo vakaripa mbiri. Asi zvematongerwo enyika zvinozvifambisa - zvichiratidza masimba makuru muWashington, uye mukati meDemocratic Party kunyanya - yakatsamira pachinhu chisina kusimba: kuti maRepublicans nemakambani aida kutaurirana mukutenda kwakanaka pamusoro pemutemo wemamiriro ekunze. Bato remabiko etii rakakurumidza kuwedzera simba, uye hama dzeKoch dzakapedza zhizha mushure mevhoti yeImba ichiunganidza humambo hwayo hwefossil kurwisa maRepublican ane mwero akange atsigira bhiri uye kunyange vamwe vasina, vachitsigira mapoka sevanhu vekuAmerica kuti Prosperity itange. anopikisa "crap-and-tax" kumukira uye kukwevera bato kure kurudyi. Pakazosvika bhiri rekufambidzana naWaxman-Markey muSeneti inodonha, mamiriro emamiriro ekunze akange atotonhora.
Makambani, zvakadaro, anogona kutamba zviri nyore mativi ese emamiriro ekunze ekugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze: kudiridza mabhiri aiita seanogona kupfuura, ukuwo achitsvaga mari yekuona kuti haana kumbobvira aita. Mune bepa ra2015, nyanzvi yezvematongerwo enyika Jake Grumbach inotsanangura kuti makambani akati wandei akabatana neUSCAP panguva imwe chete akatsigira kupokana nekuita kwemamiriro ekunze. Shell, BP, naConocoPhillips vese vaive nhengo dzeUSCAP neAmerican Petroleum Institute, uye kuburikidza neizvozvo zvakabatsira kusimudzira API's "Energy Citizen" mushandirapamwe, uyo. yakaitirwa astroturf rally kutenderera nyika mukupokana necap-and-trade, yakananga maseneta mumatunhu avo kuzororo rezhizha. Zviitiko izvi zvakarongwa mukubatana neUS Chamber of Commerce, iyo nhengo dzeUSCAP Chrysler, Deere, Dow Chemical, Duke Energy, GE, PepsiCo, PNM Resources, uye Siemens vese vaive nhengo.
Izvi zvakabvumira makambani kuti aite zinyekenyeke mutemo uye kuunganidza yakanaka PR mukuita nekuratidzira kutsigira mhinduro kudambudziko. "Vane chekuita nebhizinesi havana kungowedzera mikana yavo nekukwevera mutemo wemamiriro ekunze padyo nezvido zvavo uye kuumba mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika mune ramangwana," anonyora Grumbach. "Ivo panguva imwe chete vakakwanisa kushandisa zviwanikwa kushandura gakava rezvematongerwo enyika vachivafarira kuitira kudzivirira mutemo kubva pakutanga." Zvese izvi, hongu, zvakauya mushure meiyo indasitiri yemafuta ezvicherwa uye mamwe emakambani mamwe chete, matangi, uye masangano emabhizinesi airwisa chivharo-uye-kutengeserana akange apedza makumi maviri emakore achiparadzira ruzivo rwenhema danidziro yekupokana nezvechokwadi chekudziya kwepasirese, kushandura zvikonzero zvegakava rezvematongerwo enyika iro hondo yechivharo nekutengeserana yakanga ichitamba.
Pasina Republican kana tsigiro yekambani ichipinda muhondo yeSeneti, uye vanhu vashoma vaive kunze kweBeltway vakafara kuenda kunoirova, cap-and-trade vakafa nekuridza mhere. Mukuwanda 2013 ongororo, Theda Skocpol, purofesa wesociology paHarvard University, akanyora, kuti: “Mukati megore rino rinokosha, vaRepublicans, kubatanidza vanofungidzirwa kuva shamwari dzenguva refu dzesangano remhoteredzo saJohn McCain, vakangonyungudika; uye pakupedzisira GOP Senators vakaramba vakabatana kutsigira chero musiyano wecap uye kutengeserana. "
Mhedzisiro apa ndeyekuti chirongwa cheSanders's Green New Deal chinopa nzira yaisakwanisa kuve yakasiyana nekusundidzira kwemamiriro ekunze paChikomo makore gumi apfuura - uye nekusiya zano remukati-chete, rine pfuti chaiyo pakubudirira. Sezvakanyorwa naSkocpol muna 2013:
Mafungu ezvematongerwo enyika anogona kushandurwa mumakore gumi anotevera chete nekugadzirwa kwezvematongerwo enyika-yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze ayo anosanganisira kuunganidza kwakakurumbira pakati kuruboshwe. Izvi ndizvo zvazvichatora kurwisa kusanganisa kuchangobva kuitwa kwemahara-musika wevakuru vanopikisa uye nerudyi-bapiro rekurudyi kuunganidza kurwisa kudziya kwepasirese mishonga. … Zvichakadaro, vanosununguka nevane mwero vane hushamwari vanofanira kuvaka sangano rinopikisa kudziya kwepasi rose kudivi ravo pachavo rezvematongerwo enyika.
Sanders, hongu, handiye ega anotora nzira yekufamba-famba, kuwedzera kwekudaidzira kwake kwenguva refu kwe "revolution yezvematongerwo enyika." Izvo zvakare zvakakosha kune kuti varongi veSunrise vanofunga sei nezve kuhwina mutemo wemamiriro ekunze. Pakati pezvavanotora zvikuru kubva mukudzidza kurwa kwecap-and-trade, Weber akandiudza, "ndeyekuti iwe unotoda bato richaita izvi panguva yemushandirapamwe uye nekupfuura, uye unofanirwa kumanikidza vezvematongerwo enyika. Hazvina kukwana kungokunda musarudzo chete.” Sezvakataurwa naWeber, shanduko yezvimiro senge kupedza filibuster uye kumisa Electoral College - nhare dzisingaratidzike muhurongwa hwaSanders - zvichave zvakakosha kuti mutemo upasiswe. Asi kugadzira mutemo wakanangana nekuvaka mafambiro ndizvo zvinodiwa kuti vhoti yepasi igoneke.
"Mafungiro ezvematongerwo enyika anogona kushandurwa mumakore gumi anotevera chete nekugadzirwa kwezvematongerwo enyika-kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze ayo anosanganisira kuunganidza kwakakurumbira pakati kuruboshwe," Skocpol akanyora muna 2013.
Kana kukanganisa kukuru kweWaxman-Markey kwaive kusakwanisa kwevatsigiri vayo kutaura kuti bhiri remamiriro ekunze rinoita kuti hupenyu hwevanhu huve nyore, Green New Deal framework inoshanda nekugara ichiburitsa uye kutepfenyura zvinobatika zvehupenyu hwekuvandudza, vachishandisa kukunda kwekutanga semukana wekunyoresa. rutsigiro rwakawanda pakati pevazhinji, vanhu vazhinji vanodiwa kupikisa simba guru revakuru vemafuta ezvicherwa, avo vari kuzorwa hondo huru neimwe nzira. Sanders's Green New Deal inopa vavhoti chiratidzo chekuti nyika ingave nani pasina ivo; mutemo wayo nezvematongerwo enyika hazvina kudyidzana.
Urongwa hwaSanders hunopa bhatiri rekudyara muvashandi nenharaunda dzatove kurohwa zvakanyanya nekudzikira kwemabasa mumaindasitiri akanyanya kabhoni semarasha. Zvirongwa zvake zvekuchinja zvaizopa makore mashanu einishuwarenzi yekushaikwa kwemabasa, vimbiso yemuhoro, uye mamwe mabhenefiti akawanda kuvashandi, pamwe nemadhora mazana mashanu nemakumi mapfumbamwe emadhora emari kumasangano ekusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika seAppalachian Regional Commission. Tichifunga nezvekuti shanduko ichave yakakura sei, iyo Green New Deal ichapedza makore ayo maviri ekutanga "nehasha ichiisa pasi mambure ekuchengetedza magariro kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti hapana anosiiwa," kuwedzera zvirongwa zvehurumende - sekudya kwemahara kuchikoro uye mabhenefiti eSNAP. - mumakumi emakore achangopfuura akarwiswa kubva kumaDemocrats neRepublicans ese ari maviri.
Kune zvakare mareferensi ekuita Medicare kune Vese uye kuwedzera zvinoshamisa nhengo yemubatanidzwa nenzira dzakarongwa nechikwata cheSanders mune chimwe chirongwa svondo rino chekutaurirana. Nharaunda dzakatenderedza nyika dzinogonawo kuwana rubatsiro rwemari kuti dzitore masimba ezvishandiso zvavo zvemagetsi, uye chirongwa ichi neushingi chinoisa hurongwa hwakajeka hwe "kupedza makaro musimba redu resimba" uye kuona kuti "simba rinodzokororwa rinogadzirwa neGreen New Deal richaita." kuve veruzhinji ”- hurongwa hwechokwadi hwekuisa zviwanikwa zvevaridzi vane akapedza mamiriyoni kuvhara zviyero zvemamiriro ekunze panenge mwero wese wehurumende. Kunyange hurumende ichizotanga kuunganidza mari kubva kumagetsi matsva ehurumende, simba rinodzokororwa, chirongwa ichi chinoti, mushure megore ra2035 "chinenge chakasununguka."
Uchishandisa bhuku rekutamba rekare, maRepublicans anofananidza chero hurongwa hwekumisa kuburitswa zvachose - ingave mutero-usingarerekeri kabhoni mutero kana mwero wemafuta - kune socialism. Kuronga kwaSanders hakutambe pamusoro pekuti hurumende ichaita basa rakawanda muhupfumi - kana kuti hupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji huchava nani pazviri.
Panzvimbo pekukoka zvicherwa zvemafuta kutafura yenhaurirano, Sanders anovavarira semuvengi wekutanga. Pane zvikonzero zvinoshanda pamwe nezvematongerwo enyika zvekusanyora zvinofarirwa neExxonMobil mukuchinja kuenda kune yakaderera kabhoni hupfumi: yavo yepakati bhizinesi modhi - kuchera nekupisa akawanda marasha, oiri uye gasi sezvinobvira - haina kuchinja, uye zviri pachena kuti hazvienderane nekuita decarbonizing panguva iyo sainzi iri kuti inofanirwa kudzivirira njodzi. Pamusoro pekurambidza kukorobha, kubviswa kwemarasha pamusoro pegomo, uye kutorwa munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, Sanders anoronga “[p] kumhan’arira indasitiri yemafuta ezvicherwa nekuda kwekukuvadza kwayakaita,” achinyanya kutaura nezvezvakazarurwa mumakore akati wandei apfuura. Exxon yakabhadhara disinformation yemamiriro ekunze uku ichinyatsoziva kukuvadza kunokonzerwa nekudziya. “Makambani aya nevakuru vakuru vawo havafanire kunzvenga nzvenga kuvanzira vanhu vekuAmerica chokwadi. Vanofanirawo kubhadhara mari yekuparadza kwavakaita vachiziva,” chirongwa ichi chinodaro. Pane iyi, hurongwa hwaSanders hwakanyanya kunetsana kupfuura Ocasio-Cortez naMarkey's Green New Deal resolution, iyo isingataure mafuta emafuta.
Kurwa kwemamiriro ekunze uko kwagara kuchinyara kutumidza vavengi - uye kazhinji kacho sedambudziko rekuita - Green New Deal chimiro chinokurudzira zano re "isu kurwisa ivo" rakasiyana nerezita rayo. “Ini ndinofunga kuti vanhu vanowanzo tya zvikuru nezvedambudziko remamiriro ekunze. Asi isu takaudzwawo manyepo, muchikamu, neindasitiri yemafuta ezvicherwa kuti tese imhosva yedu, ”anodaro Weber. “Asi zviri pachena kuti haisiriyo nyaya chaiyo. Nyaya chaiyo ndeyekuti vashoma vemabhirioni nevamiriri vavo nevezvematongerwo enyika ndicho chikonzero tiri mumhirizhonga iyi. Kana tichida kufambira mberi padambudziko, ndinofunga vanhu vanofanirwa kuudzwa chokwadi ichocho, uye vanofanirwa kutsamwira nazvo uye nekuziva kuti kana tikabvisa vanhu ava munzira, tinogona kuva nenyika iri nani munhu wese.”
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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