Ma lalo o ʻehiku pule, e hāʻawi aku ʻo Pelekikena Barack Obama i ke aupuni iā Donald Trump, me ke komo ʻana i ka White House, Air Force One, a me Camp David. E hoʻoili pū ʻo Trump i nā code nuklea kaulana, a me nā mea hou loa i ka ʻenehana kaua, me nā ʻauwaʻa pepehi kanaka o ka Central Intelligence Agency, ka nui o ka nānā ʻana a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻikepili o ka National Security Agency, a me ka Federal Bureau of Investigation. ʻōnaehana o nā mea hōʻike huna.
Ma mua o ke koho balota i hala iho nei, ua ʻōlelo pinepine ʻo Obama i ka lanakila ʻana o Trump hiki ke hōʻike i ka pōʻino. "Inā hoʻomaka kekahi e tweet i ka ʻekolu o ke kakahiaka no ka mea ʻakaʻaka ʻo SNL [Saturday Night Live] iā ʻoe, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i nā code nuklea," ʻo Obama maʻamau. haʻiʻia he hui pro-Clinton i Nowemapa. "ʻO nā mea a pau a mākou i hana ai i nā makahiki ʻewalu i hala iho nei," i hoʻohui ai ʻo ia i kahi ninaninau me MSNBC, "e hoʻohuli ʻia me kahi pelekikena Trump."
Eia naʻe, he mau lā wale nō ma hope o ka haʻi ʻana o Obama i kēlā mau ʻōlelo a lanakila ʻo Trump kahu hōʻike mai ua komo nui kāna hoʻokele i ka hoʻolālā ʻana haawi ʻAʻole hiki iā Trump ke komo wale i kēlā mau code nuklea, akā i ka ʻōnaehana kiu a me ka pepehi kanaka hou a Obama i kōkua pono ai i ke ʻano a alakai. "ʻO ka hiki ʻole o Obama ke hoʻopaʻa i nā kulekele palekana aupuni o George Bush e hāʻawi iā Donald Trump i kahi mea kaua piha," ʻo Anthony Romero, ka luna hoʻokele o ka American Civil Liberties Union, ʻikeʻia i hala iho nei. "ʻO ka maopopo ʻole o ka pelekikena ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mana i ka lima o kekahi pelekikena, ʻaʻole ʻo ia, ua hoʻonoho iā mākou i kahi kūlana ma ka lima o Donald Trump."
Ma nā wahi he nui, ʻaʻohe mea nui i ka hana a Barack Obama i kēia manawa. I kona mau manawa hope, no ka laʻana, e hana maikaʻi ʻo ia i kāna Office Oval mua 'ōlelo a pani i ka hale paʻahao ma Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, hiki iā Trump ke hoʻohuli i kēlā hoʻoholo me ka hahau ʻana o kahi peni ma Ianuali 20, 2017.
No laila, i kēia lā hope, he aha ka mea e makaʻu ai ka pelekikena i kona hope, inā ʻaʻole ia e pale i ka hiki o Trump ke hana i ka haunaele honua, a laila e hoʻonohonoho pololei i ka moʻolelo ma mua o kona haʻalele ʻana i ka Hale Paʻa?
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo ka pane: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o kā mākou makemake, akā i ka wā e hiki mai ana, aia kekahi mau mana i loaʻa i kahi pelekikena ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e ko lākou ʻano maoli. ʻo kahi laʻana, hōʻike ʻana palapala huna. Ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēlā mau palapala, ʻaʻohe mana ma ka honua e hiki ke hoʻihoʻi iā lākou. He mana palena ʻole ko ka pelekikena kala. A ʻo ka hope, hiki i ka pelekikena hoopai aku luna hoʻokō kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā luna koa i hana ʻino i ka ʻōnaehana, e like me ka Pelekikena Obama hoʻomanaʻoʻia ʻO General Stanley McChrystal mai kāna kūlana ma Afghanistan i ka makahiki 2010, a hiki iā ia ke hana pēlā a hiki i ka lā 19 o Ianuali. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki iā Trump ke hoʻolimalima hou i kēlā poʻe, akā hiki i ka hana wikiwiki a Obama ke hoʻokau iā lākou i ka hoʻokolokolo ma ka media, inā ʻaʻohe wahi ʻē aʻe.
Eia, ʻeiwa mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hana a ka pelekikena i kāna mau lā he 40 i hala e pili ana i kēlā mau ʻano ʻekolu: hoʻolaha, hoʻopaʻi, a kala. E noʻonoʻo ʻoe ma ke ʻano he mana politika o "paʻi a make paha. "
Drones
1. E inoa i nā mea drone hala ʻole: ʻO Iulai i hala aku nei, ua noho mālie ka hoʻokele Obama hoʻokuʻuʻia he ʻōlelo i hōʻoia ai ua pepehi ʻia ma waena o 64 a me 116 mau kānaka hala ʻole ma 473 drone strikes ma Libya, Pakistan, Somalia, a me Yemen ma waena o Ianuali 2009 a me ka hopena o 2015. ma Beretania, ua hoʻopaʻaʻia ʻoi aku ka kokoke i 800 mau make hala ʻole mai ka pūʻulu hoʻokahi o nā hahau.)
Pono ʻo Pelekikena Obama e kapa koke i kēlā poʻe hewa ʻole i ʻae ʻia e kāna alakaʻi i ka pepehi kanaka, ʻoiai e hāʻawi ana i nā lā a me nā wahi o nā hanana, kahi i ʻike ʻia. Aia kekahi kumu no kēia: ma ka lā 23 ʻApelila, 2015, ua kala aku ʻo Obama no ka make ʻana o kahi pahu drone ma Pakistan o Giovanni Lo Porto a me Warren Weinstein, he Italia a he ʻAmelika i paʻa pio ʻia e Al Qaeda, nāna i ʻike e. inoa. No ke aha e hoʻokuʻu ʻole ai i nā inoa o ke koena?
Ua noi aku ʻo Faisal bin Ali Jaber, kahi ʻenekini Yemeni no kēlā pane. ʻO kāna kaikoʻeke ʻo Salem lāua ʻo Waleed pepehi e ka US drone strike ma 2012. Ua hāʻawi aku nā luna Yemeni iā Jaber i $ 100,000 i ke kālā a lākou i hoʻohiki ai he uku ia mai ke aupuni US, akā inā pēlā, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻo Wakinekona i kāna hana. ʻO Reprieve, kahi hui Pelekane e kākoʻo ana i ka poʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia hoopii E kiʻi aku ʻo Pelekikena Obama i kahi kalahala ākea no Jaber.
2. E hōʻike i ka lehulehu i nā manaʻo o nā hewa koa: I ka manawa i kala mai ai ʻo Obama no ka pepehi ʻana iā Lo Porto lāua ʻo Weinstein, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua kauoha ʻo ia i ka loiloi piha ʻana i nā hewa i hana ʻia i kēlā pahu drone. "E ʻike mākou i nā haʻawina e hiki ke aʻo ʻia mai kēia pōʻino a me nā hoʻololi e pono e hana ʻia," ʻo ia hai mai la. A hiki i ka lā 20 o Ianuali, aia iā ia ka mana e hoʻolaha i kēlā mau palapala a hōʻoia i ka aʻo maoli ʻia o nā haʻawina. (ʻO ka palapala wale nō i loaʻa ma ke kumuhana a hiki i kēia lā ʻo $1.2 miliona hoʻonohonoho ʻaelike ma waena o nā mākua o Lo Porto a me ka ʻelele US ma Roma i paʻi ʻia e Stefania Maurizi ma ka nūpepa Italia. ʻO ka Espresso.)
Aia ka mua no ia hoolaha ana. Ua hoʻokuʻu ka Pentagon i nā transcripts a me nā ʻikepili mai kahi hoʻouka kaua i hopena i ka pepehi o 23 mau kamaaina o Afghan i ka lā 21 o Pepeluali, 2010, ma ka ʻāina ʻo Uruzgan ma hope o ka manaʻo ʻana o kahi pūʻali drone iā lākou he mau pūʻali Taliban. ʻO nā palapala e pili ana i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ʻAmelika e kūʻē i kahi haukapila Médecins Sans Frontières ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Afghan o Kunduz ma ʻOkakopa 3, 2015. hoʻokuʻuʻia.
ʻEhia mau hoʻokolokolo koa like (i ʻike ʻia ʻo AR 15-6 hōʻike manaʻo) ua alakaʻi ʻia i ka pepehi kanaka i ke kaua me ka weliweli? Wahi a Airwars, kahi hui Pelekane ʻē aʻe, ʻike mākou, no ka laʻana, ke nānā nei ʻo ʻAmelika i kahi hahau pepehi ma ka liʻiliʻi o 56 mau makaʻāinana ma Manbij, Suria, i kēia Iulai i hala. He nui nā noiʻi like ʻole i ʻike ʻole i ka mālamalama o ka lā.
Ke koi mau nei ka hoʻokele Obama i nā hui e like me Airwars a me ka Bureau of Investigative Journalism ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka moʻolelo piha. Lele kēia i mua o nā hōʻike he nui mai ʻO Amnesty International, ʻO ka Watch Watch, Al-Karama, mea noiʻi ma ʻo Stanford a Columbia kulanui, a me ka Aupuni Hui Pū ', ua noiʻi a ʻike lākou a pau i ka ulu ʻana o ka make drone-strike i waena o ka poʻe ʻaʻole pili i ka hoʻoweliweli a i ʻole nā neʻe kipi. Inā loaʻa maoli nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka manawa no Obama e hōʻike hewa ai iā lākou, ma mua o ka waiho wale ʻana i nā "hōʻino koʻikoʻi" e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kāna hoʻoilina.
3. E hoʻolaha i ka lehulehu i nā koi a ka hoʻokele no kāna "pepehi i manaʻo ʻia": I Iulai a me ʻAukake, ma lalo o ke kaomi ʻana mai ka American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), ua hoʻokuʻu ka hoʻokele Obama i kahi ʻano o palapala e hōʻike ana i nā kaʻina hana e hoʻohana ai no ka ʻike a hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka poʻe pepehi kanaka i kuleana no nā hana hoʻoweliweli ma ka hapa nui o ka honua - a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i kēlā mau pepehi kanaka i loko. Akā naʻe, ʻo kēlā mau palapala (i ʻike ʻia ʻo ke alakaʻi kulekele pelekikena, a i ʻole PPG) ua hōʻike wale i ka nui o ke kaʻina hana i koe ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana o ka lehulehu.
"ʻO ka mea hoʻonāukiuki, he nui nā mea huna e pili ana i ka papahana, me kahi e pili pono ai ka PPG, pehea ke ʻano o kāna mau kūlana maʻamau i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, a pehea e loiloi ʻia ai nā hōʻike i hoʻokō ʻia ai kēlā mau kūlana - me ka mea a ke aupuni e pepehi nei, a ma hea, ” kākauʻo ia ʻO Brett Max Kaufman, he loio limahana ACLU.
Ke hoʻouna mua ʻo Donald Trump i kahi drone CIA e pepehi i kekahi i koho ʻia e kāna Hale Keʻokeʻo, hiki iā ia ke ʻōlelo e hana ana ʻo ia ma lalo o ka ʻōnaehana huna i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Obama. Me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kaʻina hana a Obama i paionia ai, ʻaʻole mākou e ʻike inā e haʻi ʻo Trump i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.
ʻAʻole paʻakikī a paʻakikī paha kekahi o kēia mau manaʻo ʻekolu (ʻaʻole naʻe e paʻa i kou hanu e kali ana no ka hana ʻana). Me kēlā me kēia, hiki iā Obama ke hoʻonui i ka ʻike ma mua o kona hāʻawi ʻana i ka mana o ka papahana pepehi kanaka iā Trump. ʻAʻole naʻe kekahi o kēia e hoʻoweliweli i kahi hoʻokele Trump e hiki mai ana. No laila, eia kekahi mau manaʻo o nā mea e pili ana iā kākou a pau inā hana ʻo Obama ma mua o ke komo ʻana o Trump i ke Keʻena Oval.
Nānā
4. Hōʻike i nā polokalamu kiaʻi lehulehu: ʻOiai ʻo Senatoa Obama kū'ē ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻikepili mai nā kamaʻāina ʻAmelika, ua ikaika ʻo Pelekikena Obama hoʻopakele ʻo ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka mokuʻāina palekana aupuni i kāna mau kau ʻelua ma ke keʻena. "ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa 100% palekana a laila loaʻa iā 100% ka pilikino a me ka pilikia ʻole," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia ma 2013, mau lā ma hope o Edward Snowden. ua lelo he pūʻulu o nā ʻikepili National Security Agency i hoʻololi i ko mākou ʻike i ka mea a ko mākou aupuni i hōʻiliʻili ai e pili ana iā mākou a pau. "Ua ʻike ʻoe, pono mākou e hana i kekahi mau koho ma ke ʻano he hui."
Mahalo iā Snowden, ʻike mākou i kēia manawa ua loaʻa malū ke aupuni US ae mai ka ʻAha Hoʻokolokolo ʻImi ʻIliʻi ʻē aʻe e hōʻiliʻili i nā metadata kelepona ʻAmelika ma o nā papahana like Makani hōkū; hana ʻia kahi papahana i kapa ʻia Prism e hoʻokahe pololei i nā kikowaena o ʻeiwa mau hui pūnaewele nui; kahe nā uwea fiber optic honua e moe ana ma nā moena moana; i hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā leka uila ma o kahi papahana i kapa ʻia Ke ahi kīʻaha; hoʻonohonoho i kahi waihona nui i kapa ʻia X-Keyscore e hahai i nā ʻikepili a pau mai kekahi kanaka i hāʻawi ʻia; a ua kūkulu pū i kahi papahana, Optic Nerve, e ho'ā i nā webcams o nā mea hoʻohana, e ʻae ana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā helu nui o nā kamaʻilio ʻana i ka moekolohe. A ʻo ia wale nō ka piko o ka hau hau. (No ka huli ʻana o nā hōʻike a pau i kēia manawa, kaomi maanei.)
ʻO ka mea hoʻohenehene, he hōʻike mai ka FBI i paʻi hope ʻia ma ʻApelila 2015 e hōʻike ana he mea ʻole kēia hana nui i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli. "I ka makahiki 2004, ua nānā ka FBI i kahi laʻana o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a pau [Stellarwind] e ʻike i ka nui o ka poʻe i hana i ka 'kōkua nui' i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi mea hoʻoweliweli, hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi mea hoʻoweliweli, a i ʻole ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi mea huna e pili ana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli," kakau iho la New York Times ʻO Charlie Savage ka mea hoʻolaha i hoʻopau i nā makahiki e hakakā ana no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā palapala. "ʻO 1.2 pakeneka wale nō o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo mai 2001 a 2004 i hāʻawi i kēlā haʻawina. ʻElua makahiki ma hope mai, ua nānā ka FBI i nā alakaʻi a pau mai ka ʻāpana wiretapping warrantless o Stellarwind ma waena o ʻAukake 2004 a me Ianuali 2006. ʻAʻohe mea i hōʻoia i ka pono.
I kēia mau lā, hoʻohana nā lawehala akamai a me nā mea hoʻoweliweli AES ole kekahi ano e like me nā kelepona puhi ahi e hōʻoia ʻaʻole hiki ke hahai ʻia. ʻO nā mea hana koʻikoʻi wale nō i hacked i kēia mau lā e like me nā luna Democratic Party John Podesta a me nā miliona o nā makaʻāinana maʻamau i ʻaihue ʻia e ka poʻe lawehala. No laila, no ke aha e hōʻike ʻole ai i nā papahana i hoʻohana ʻia e ke aupuni i kēia mau makahiki, nā mea i hana ʻia me lākou, no ke aha i hāʻule ʻole ai, a he aha nā haʻawina i aʻo ʻia (a ʻaʻole paha)? ʻO nā hōʻike o ka hoʻopau manawa a me nā kumu waiwai o ka mokuʻāina palekana he mea pono ke loaʻa iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo nei pehea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kā mākou pilikino a me ka palekana ma lalo o 100%. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ke aupuni e ʻimi i nā palapala kauoha ma ke kānāwai keʻakeʻa i ka ʻike mai ka poʻe i manaʻo ʻia he hana hewa a hoʻoweliweli paha.
5. Hana i nā ʻaelike kiaʻi āpau me nā ʻoihana pilikino: A hiki i kēia lā, loaʻa i ke aupuni ʻAmelika nā ʻaelike huna me nā hui ʻikepili like ʻole e huki i ka ʻike. Ke hopohopo nui nei kekahi mau ʻoihana e pili ana i kēia hoʻouka kaua ʻana i ka pilikino o kā lākou mea kūʻai aku, inā wale nō no ka mea e hōʻole paha i nā ʻōlelo o ka lawelawe a lākou i ʻae ai a hiki iā lākou ke lilo i ka ʻoihana (no ka mea ke kū nei lākou i ka hoʻokūkū mai nā hui ʻaʻole US a me nā mea palekana ʻē aʻe. ).
E lawe iā Yahoo, no ka laʻana. Ua loaʻa i ka 'Oihana Hoʻokolokolo kahi kauoha ʻaha hoʻokolokolo ma 2015 e ʻimi i nā leka uila a nā mea hoʻohana a pau no kahi code kamepiula kūʻokoʻa i manaʻo ʻia e pili ana i nā kamaʻilio o kahi hui "hoʻoweliweli" i kākoʻo ʻia e ka mokuʻāina. Ua noi ka hui i ke aupuni haiia ke kauoha e holoi i kona inoa. ʻAʻole naʻe e hana pēlā.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole makemake nā hui āpau e ʻike i kā lākou ʻoihana aupuni i hōʻike ʻia. E noʻonoʻo i ka AT&T, ka pilikua telecommunications. ʻO nā keʻena makai a puni ka ʻāina e uku iā ia ma kahi o $100,000 i ka makahiki no komo kūikawā i nā moʻolelo kelepona o kāna mau mea kūʻai (me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka palapala kauoha). Kapa ʻia ka papahana ʻo "Hemisphere" a koi ka hui i nā mea kūʻai aku e hūnā i kona ola.
ʻO ka Electronic Frontier Foundation, kahi hui hoʻoikaika kino ma Kapalakiko, kāhea i kēia "hoʻopaʻapaʻa hōʻike.” ʻOiai ʻo Adam Schwartz, loio limahana koʻikoʻi ma ka hui kūʻokoʻa kīwila o Electronic Frontier Foundation, waiho ia: “Ke hūnā nā mākaʻi i kā lākou mau kumu hōʻike, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ke kūʻē i ka maikaʻi a i ʻole ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ke aupuni, a i ʻole e ʻimi i ka ʻike kūpono i ke aupuni. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hūnā ʻana i nā hōʻike mai nā poʻe i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ma muli o ia nānā ʻana he mea kūʻē i ko mākou kuleana kumu i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoponopono kalaima.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia hoʻopaʻapaʻa pono e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kahi polopeka kānāwai ma mua? Hiki i ka Pelekikena Baraka ke hana maʻalahi i ka hoʻokolokolo kūpono ma ka hōʻike ʻana i ka nui a me nā kikoʻī o kēia mau ʻaelike makai kūloko, kahi mea huna huna, a me nā ʻaelike ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i ka mokuʻāina palekana me nā hui pilikino e kiu i nā kamaʻāina maʻamau. . Eia hou, ʻaʻole ia e keakea i ka hiki i ke aupuni ke ʻimi i nā palapala kauoha inā hiki iā ia ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka luna kānāwai he pono ia e keakea i nā kamaʻilio pilikino.
6. E hoolaha i na kanawai huna a pau i hanaia i na makahiki i hala iho nei: ʻO ka mea hope loa a mākou e makemake ai no Donald Trump a me kāna kākā'ōlelo White House e hiki mai ana, makaʻāinana keʻokeʻo ʻO Steve Bannon, e komo i ke Keʻena Oval a hoʻomaka e hana i ke kānāwai huna ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mana hoʻokō e, e ʻōlelo, e hoʻopuni i ka poʻe Muslim a hōʻole paha i nā wahine i ko lākou kuleana.
ʻO ka hoʻōki ʻana iā Trump mai ka hele ʻana i kēia ala a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kāna kino o ke kānāwai huna he mea paʻakikī loa ia, no ka mea, ua kau inoa paha ʻo Obama i nā kauoha huna ma mua o nā pelekikena mua. ʻOiai ʻo Elizabeth Goitein, ka luna hoʻomalu o ka Brennan Center's Liberty and National Security Program, kaulana i loko o kahi hōʻike i hala iho nei, ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ka luna ʻo Obama i ka liʻiliʻi o 74 o nā manaʻo a me nā memo o ke Keʻena ʻOihana Kūkākūkā i lilo i kumu huna no nā hana a ke aupuni e pili ana i nā pilikia palekana aupuni - me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka nīnauele, nā hana naʻauao, naʻauao. - kaʻana like, a me nā pane i ka hoʻoweliweli. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia ma kahi o 30 mau ʻōlelo hoʻoholo o ka ʻAha Kūkākūkā o nā ʻĀina ʻē ma waena o 2003 a me 2013. A he 807 mau ʻaelike pili honua, me nā mea bilateral e hoʻomalu i ka lawe ʻana i nā narcotics, i kau inoa ʻia e ka US ma waena o 2004 a me 2014. loa ike i ka malamalama o ka la.
ʻO Trump, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hōʻole ʻo ia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kāna mau ʻauhau ʻauhau (ma mua he hana hoʻolaha hoʻolaha pelekikena), no laila inā ʻaʻole hele maʻemaʻe ʻo Obama, mai manaʻo ʻoe e hoʻokuʻu ʻo Trump i kekahi o nā kānāwai huna i hana ʻia e kona mua i nā makahiki ʻehā e hiki mai ana. . ʻO kēia manawa, he manawa kū hoʻokahi no ka pelekikena e hoʻokō i kāna 'ōlelo o 2009 e hana i ka pelesidena hamama loa o na manawa a pau. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻohe mea e manaʻo iā ia e hana pēlā. Ua ʻike ʻia ka hoʻokele ʻo Obama "haʻalele i ke ʻano o ka ʻike," e like me Anne Weisman, ka luna hoʻokele o Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics ma Wakinekona, he NGO nonpartisan e hahai ana i ke kuleana o ke aupuni.
No ka mea, ʻaʻole paha e hoʻohuli ʻo Obama i ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana a me ke kānāwai huna i nā lā he 40 e hiki mai ana, eia ka liʻiliʻi o kekahi mau manaʻo no kāna mea e hoʻokō ai ma ke ʻano he luna kānāwai nui o ka lāhui.
Hoʻopaʻi
7. E hoʻopaʻi i ka mea nāna i hana ʻino i ka Drone a i ʻole nā polokalamu kiaʻi: ʻAʻole mākou ʻike maoli i ka mea nāna i kauoha i ka pahu drone i hoʻopau i nā poʻe hewa ʻole. Akā ʻo nā inoa o nā nā mea hoʻonohonoho ʻike ʻia ka papahana a ʻo ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻohe kānalua i ka pelekikena nā inoa āpau āna e makemake ai.
A inā makemake ʻo Obama e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka hale ma mua o ka lawe ʻana o Trump, no ke aha e ʻike ʻole ai a hoʻokuʻu i nā poʻe nāna i hoʻolālā i nā polokalamu kiaʻi o ka NSA i hoʻopiʻi nui i ko mākou pilikino me ka wehe ʻole ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli?
8. E hoʻopaʻi i ka poʻe kuleana no FBI Nā hana hoʻomāinoino Domain Management: Mai ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Kepakemapa 11, 2001, ua hoʻomohala ka FBI i kahi pūnaewele o nā mea ʻike ʻoi aku ma mua o 15,000 ma ke ʻano o kāna papahana Domain Management. Ua kiʻi ʻia ka nui o lākou e komo i nā kaiāulu Muslim e ʻike i nā mea hoʻoweliweli. No nā makahiki he 15 i hala iho nei, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia papahana hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui e hōʻuluʻulu i ka poʻe Muslim - kēlā mau leo leo e hāʻule ai no nā hoʻowalewale FBI ma ka liʻiliʻi - a hoʻokomo iā lākou i loko o ka hale paʻahao.
Ma ke kaʻina hana, nui nā "hana hoʻoweliweli" i hana ʻia, akā kakaikahi nā mea maoli i haki. Ua ʻike mua mākou i nā kikoʻī o ka nui o nā hana ʻino i pili. I ka makahiki 2011, no ka laʻana, a ʻO Jones Jones ʻike ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana he 49 "holomua" nā hoʻopiʻi o nā "terrorists" ka hopena o ke kū nā hana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā mea hoʻonāukiuki FBI. "Ua ʻike ʻoe ʻaʻole i hana hewa ka hapa nui o kēia poʻe inā ʻaʻole no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kānāwai e hoʻoikaika, hoʻoikaika, a i kekahi manawa e uku iā lākou e hana i nā hana hoʻoweliweli," ʻo Andrea Prasow o Human Rights Watch kakau iho la ma kahi hōʻike e pili ana i ka papahana ma 2014.
Ua hele mai nā Whistleblowers e hōʻike i nā hana hoʻomāinoino i hana ʻia e ka FBI ma ia mau hihia. E lawe iā Craig Monteilh, he lawehala i hoʻolimalima ʻia e ka Bureau i e komo i loko hale pule ma ka hema o Kaleponi. Ma hope o kona hoʻololi ʻana i ka naʻau, ua kōkua ʻo Monteilh i nā Muslim kūloko e hoʻopiʻi i ka ʻoihana. ʻO ka hihia, i ka hopena, me ka makemake ʻole hoʻokuʻuʻia e ka Lunakanawai Apana Cormac Carney nāna i kākau "ʻo ke kuleana huna o ka moku'āina he mea pōʻino paha ke ʻano o ka ʻālana o ke kūʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia kanaka no ka palekana o ka ʻāina." ʻO nā mea ʻike ʻē aʻe, e like me Saeed Torres, ua hele mai i mua e hōʻike i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka papahana. ʻAʻole i ʻae ke aupuni i kekahi o kēia.
Me he mea lā e kāhea ʻia kēia pūʻulu e kākoʻo i nā kauoha a Donald Trump inā hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papa inoa Muslim. No laila, ʻo kēia ka manawa no Obama e hoʻopau i kekahi ʻano i kēia ʻōnaehana pōʻino o ka profiling a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoʻokele Trump.
Kūʻai
9. E kala mai iā Edward Snowden, ʻo Chelsea Manning, a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi ʻē aʻe: ʻO ka mea hope loa, no ke aha kala ʻO Edward Snowden, ʻo Chelsea Manning, a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi ʻē aʻe i lawelawe i ka pono o ka lehulehu ma ka hōʻike ʻana iā mākou i ka mea a ka pelekikena e makemake ʻole ai? I kēia manawa, e iho ana ʻo Barack Obama i ka mōʻaukala ma ke ʻano he pelekikena nāna i hoʻopiʻi hou ka poʻe haʻi ʻoiaʻiʻo, pinepine ma lalo o ke draconian World War I-era Espionage Act, ma mua o nā pelekikena ʻē aʻe i hui pū ʻia. ʻO Stephen Kim, Jeffrey Sterling, John Kiriakou, a me Thomas Drake nā luna aupuni i kamaʻilio pū me nā mea nūpepa. Ua hoʻopaʻahao ʻia lākou a i ʻole ua hoʻohuli ʻia ko lākou ola i lalo. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me Chelsea Manning lāua ʻo Barrett Brown i hoʻopaʻahao ʻia no ka hacking a no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā palapala e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana, nā kaua US ma waho, a me nā mea palekana ʻē aʻe.
Ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻo Gabe Rottman o ka ACLU i ke kūlana kēia ala: "Ma kaʻu helu, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke aupuni Obama i 526 mau mahina o ka hale paʻahao no ka poʻe leaker palekana aupuni, me ka 24 mau mahina o ka manawa paʻahao no nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a pau [ka mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia] mai ka American Revolution."
Ma keia hihia, ua akaka mua o Obama i kona kulana. No Snowden, ʻo ia hoʻi haʻiʻia ʻO ke aniani ma mua o kēia mahina, "ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke kala aku i kekahi i hele ʻole i mua o ka ʻaha a hōʻike iā lākou iho."
No ke kumukānāwai polopeka, he hoʻopaʻapaʻa weliweli kēlā. "ʻO ka mana kala i hāʻawi ʻia e ke Kumukānāwai ma luna o ka Pelekikena ʻaʻole palena ʻole koe wale nō i nā hihia o ka impeachment," ka ʻAha Kiekie. nā aliʻi i ka makahiki 1866. “E pili ana ia i kela a me keia hewa i ikeia e ke kanawai, a hiki ke hana ia i kela a me keia manawa mahope iho o ka hana ana, mamua paha o ka laweia ana o na hana kanawai a i ka wa o ko lakou kali ana, a i ole mahope o ka hoahewaia a me ka hookolokolo ana. ʻAʻole pili ka mana i ka mana kānāwai. "
Ke lele nei no hoi i mua o ka moolelo a me na hana ponoi a ka peresidena. "ʻAʻole i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo Richard Nixon i ka wā i hoʻopuka ai ʻo Gerald Ford i kahi kala kala piha, manuahi, a piha loa iā Richard Nixon," pākuʻi ka hoʻolaha Pardon Snowden. "ʻAʻole hoʻi i loaʻa i nā tausani o nā kāne i haʻalele i ka hoʻolālā kaua Vietnam, i kala ʻia e Jimmy Carter me ka ʻole i kona lā mua i ke keʻena. Ua kala aku ʻo Pelekikena Obama i ʻekolu mau kānaka Iranian ʻAmelika ma mua o kēia makahiki ma ke ʻano o ka hana nuklea me Iran. E like me Snowden, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia lākou ʻekolu akā ʻaʻole i kū i ka hoʻokolokolo i ka wā i kala ʻia ai lākou.
Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o Obama i nā kala kala Pelekikena, me he mea lā ʻaʻole ia e hana. "Ua kala ʻo ia i ka poʻe liʻiliʻi ma mua o kekahi pelekikena mai ka wā ʻo James Garfield, ka mea i pana ʻia i ka makahiki 1881 ma hope o ʻekolu mau mahina ma ke keʻena," kākauʻo ia Steven Nelson ma ʻO ka ʻ &lelo a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa & ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua kala aku ʻo Bush i ʻelua mau kānaka e like me Obama i kāna mau makahiki ʻehiku mua ma ke keʻena, he moʻolelo e makemake paha ʻo ia e hoʻomaikaʻi. (Ma ka pololei, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua loaʻa iā Obama i he moʻolelo no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hoʻopaʻi paʻahao.)
E hana anei ʻo Obama i kekahi o kēia mau manaʻo ʻeiwa? A i ʻole e hāʻawi wale aku ʻo ia i ka mokuʻāina palekana ākea ākea ākea āna i kōkua ai i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kanaka āna i haʻi mua ai he "kūpono ʻole" ʻaʻole wale no ka pelekikena akā no kahi hana ma kahi hale kūʻai kūʻai. "Ua ʻōlelo ke kanaka ʻaʻohe mea e ʻae ʻia inā e noi ana lākou i kahi hana ma 7-Eleven," ʻo Obama haʻiʻia he hui koho balota ma ʻOkakopa.
ʻĀnō, ʻo kāna neʻe ʻana. Poina iā 7-Eleven; ʻAʻole pono ʻo Obama e noi, a hoʻolaha paha, no kāna hana i uku maikaʻi ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo ia. Akā aia kahi mea liʻiliʻi o kāna hoʻoilina, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, a ʻo, ʻae, ʻo ka palekana o ka ʻāina e hiki mai ana.
ʻO Pratap Chatterjee, a ʻO TomDispatch maʻamau, ka luna hoʻokō o ʻO CorpWatch, ʻO ia ke kumu o ʻO ka Pūʻali Koa o Halliburton: Pehea kahi hui ʻoihana aila a Texas e hoʻohuli nei i ke ala e kaua ai ʻo ʻAmelika. ʻO kāna puke hou aʻe, Verax, he moʻolelo kiʻi e pili ana i nā whistleblowers a me ka nānā nui ʻana i kākau pū ʻia me Khalil Bendib, e paʻi ʻia e Metropolitan Books ma 2017.
Ua ʻike mua ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma TomDispatch.com, he weblog o ka Nation Institute, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kahe mau o nā kumu ʻē aʻe, nā nūhou, a me nā manaʻo mai Tom Engelhardt, ka mea hoʻoponopono lōʻihi i ka paʻi ʻana, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka American Empire Project, ka mea kākau o Ka hopena o ka lanakila, e like me ka moʻolelo, Na la hope o ka hoolaha ana. ʻO kāna puke hou loa Ka Papa Kuleana: Nānāʻana, Wars Secret, a me kahi Kāne Kūʻokoʻa Komohana ma kahi World-Superpower World (Haymarket Books).
Hāʻawi kālā ʻia ʻo ZNetwork ma o ka lokomaikaʻi o kāna poʻe heluhelu.
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