A
ndre
ʻO Schiffrin ka luna hoʻomalu ma Pantheon no 30 mau makahiki. ʻO ia
i kēia manawa ka luna o The New Press. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kahi kolamu maʻamau ma
hoopuka ana i ka
ʻO ka moʻolelo
ma ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe
. ʻO ia ke kumu o
ʻOihana
o na Buke: Pehea i lawe ai na Huihui Aupuni i ka Publishing a
Hoʻololi i ke ala a mākou e heluhelu ai
, i hoopukaia e Verso. Kāhea ʻo Studs Terkel
ʻo ia ka "dean o ka paʻi puke kūʻokoʻa akamai."
ʻo Dāvida
BARSAMIAN:
I ka makahiki 1983, kākau ʻo Ben Bagdikian
Ka Media
Monopoly,
paʻi ʻia e Beacon, kahi paʻi kūʻokoʻa ma Bosetona.
Ua ʻimi ʻo ia i ka manaʻo o ka media ʻoihana i kēlā manawa a
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia aia ma kahi o 50 mau hui e hoʻomalu ana i ka hapa nui
ka media ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma nā paʻi hope aʻe ua lilo ʻo 50
28, 23, 14, 10, a ma ka paʻi hou loa i lalo i ka 6. He aha
ʻO nā manaʻo o ia ʻano koʻikoʻi?
ANDRE
SCHIFFRIN: Hōʻike ia he pono ʻoe e hoʻoponopono pinepine i kāu mau puke. ʻO ia
ʻaʻole wale he nīnau e pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻona, akā
owai na mea nona. ʻIke loa, he liʻiliʻi wale nō nā ʻoihana e hoʻomalu i ka hapa nui
ka paʻi puke a me ka ʻelima kiʻekiʻe e mālama i ka 80 pakeneka o ka paʻi puke ʻAmelika
ma ke kuai ana. ʻO lākou nā ʻāpana āpau o nā hui media honua
nona ka hoolaha ana he hana kokua, koe wale no
o Bertelsmann, nona ke kumu nui. No laila inā ʻo ia
ʻO Harvard University Press a me ke Kulanui o Kaleponi a
no laila, ʻo ka mea nāna i hoʻomalu i ka hapa nui o ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ʻAmelika, ʻo ia paha
ʻokoʻa.
mau
ʻO nā hui nui he kiʻiʻoniʻoni, televise, radio, magazines,
a me na nupepa. ʻO nā palena kālā no ka hapa nui o ia mau mea he nui, nui
kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hoʻopuka ʻana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i 20 a 30 pakeneka
ma ka paʻi nūpepa i kēlā me kēia makahiki. He mau lekiō kēlā
manaʻo ʻia he 40 a i ʻole 50 pakeneka a ʻoi aku paha i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai
ʻo ka hoʻopuka maʻamau he 3 a i ʻole 4 pakeneka. ʻO ia ka hoʻopuka ʻana
ma luna o ke kenekulia 20 a ma luna o ka laulā o ka nui a me
hui liilii.
oe
wahi a Bertelsmann, ka hui hui Kelemania. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe
ʻo AOL-Time Warner, Vivendi, Disney, Viacom, nāna i hoʻopuka iā Simon
& Schuster, a me News Corporation, nāna i hoʻopuka iā HarperCollins.
Kākau ʻoe he ʻokoʻa nā puke i nā ʻano koʻikoʻi mai nā media ʻē aʻe. Ma waho aku
hoʻolaha, he aha kekahi o nā ala ʻē aʻe? ʻAʻohe hoʻolaha i loko
nā puke no kēlā me kēia.
Of
ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu i nui ai lākou
emi pono. ʻOiai inā hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā hoʻolaha i loko o nā puke—a me nā kānaka
ua hoʻāʻo e hana i kēlā - liʻiliʻi loa ka lehulehu i ka nui o nā hihia
i mea e pono ai. Pau ka manaʻo e pili ana i ka paʻi puke
ʻO nā makahiki he mea hana lima ma mua o ka ʻoihana;
ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe i ke kālā nui, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana
me ka lima o kanaka. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka New Press, pau
he ʻumi makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻelima o mākou a loaʻa iā mākou kahi mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa me
kā mākou puke mua loa. No laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e lilo i mea nui i mea e kūleʻa ai.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hoʻonohonoho liʻiliʻi, maopopo, hiki iā ʻoe
lawe i ka pilikia—ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e loaʻa i nā mea kuleana nui
ke koi nui nei i ke kālā—a me ka liʻiliʻi
ka nui o ke kālā, ma kahi o $20,000, hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻi puke ma ka ʻāina,
a ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, a ʻōlelo i nā mea i maopopo i ka lehulehu media
ʻaʻole makemake e hoʻāʻo.
E kamaʻilio e pili ana
ka hoʻolālā, a me ka mōʻaukala, ke ʻano o ka hoʻopau ʻana
ka mea i kapa ʻia nā puke "pono" a me ka loaʻa kālā. ʻAʻole
e pilikia mau ana ma laila?
laila
ʻo ia, a ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia e ka paʻi ʻana ma ke ʻano he kumu
pilikia ma ka hoopuka ana. Ua kamaʻilio nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka hale pule a me ka
panakō a pehea e hiki ai i ka mea hoʻopuka ke hele i kēlā me kēia ma
liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule a ʻike i ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hana. ʻO ka manaʻo ma mua
ʻoi aku ka nui o nā puke kūʻai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uku
puke paʻakikī. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i ka manawa e pau ai
i ka waiwai. ʻO ka nui o nā puke nui i kēia mau lā i manaʻo ʻia
e lilo i mea waiwai nui e lilo i pohō nui. I kou manawa
e nana i na pai mua ma Brecht a me Kafka, he 600
a me 800 kope, ua lilo ia mau mea ʻelua i mea maikaʻi loa
i ka wā lōʻihi. Akā ʻaʻole pono mākou e manaʻo he maikaʻi nā puke
kūleʻa mau i ke kālepa. ʻAʻole pinepine lākou. ʻO ia
ʻāpana o ka manaʻo o ka hoʻopuka kuleana.
oe
ʻōlelo wale ʻo Brecht lāua ʻo Kafka. Aia kekahi pilikia o ka hoʻokolohua
a me ka ʻike. Ma kāu puke ʻōlelo ʻoe iā Klaus Wagenbach, he mea hoʻopuka Kelemania,
ka mea i ʻōlelo inā nalowale nā puke me nā paʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka wā e hiki mai ana
e make ana.
Wagenbach,
ma ke ala, ʻo ia ka mea kākau moʻolelo alakaʻi o Kafka, no laila ʻike ʻo ia i ke kumu
ʻōlelo ʻo ia. Akā, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Wagenbach ʻaʻole i ka wā e hiki mai ana, akā
e make ana ke aupuni demokala. ʻO ia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻano koʻikoʻi
ʻO kēia mau mea a pau, pono ʻoe e loaʻa nā leo kūʻē. Pono ʻoe
ka loaʻa ʻana o ka poʻe, ma ke ʻano noʻeau, aesthetically, a i ʻole politika,
ka mea e hana i kekahi mea ʻaʻole ia he mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa.
ʻAʻole hiki ke pāʻani i ke kīwī a me nā nūpepa a pēlā aku
kēlā kuleana, akā ma ka holoʻokoʻa ʻaʻole lākou. Pono lākou
manaʻo e loaʻa iā lākou ka lehulehu lehulehu no kēlā me kēia mea
na lakou no e hana. Hiki i nā mea hoʻopuka ke lawe i ka pilikia a me ka
ke hana nei na mea hoolaha liilii.
If
ke nānā nei ʻoe i ka makahiki hope o ka hoʻokele Bush, ʻaʻohe o nā
ua paʻi nā hale nui i nā puke koʻikoʻi i nā mea e hana nei
ma. Ua paʻi lākou i nā puke e like me kā Bob Woodward
he mau hoolaha no ka hooponopono ana me ka manao. ʻO nā puke a pau
ʻo nā mea koʻikoʻi e hele mai ana mai nā paʻi liʻiliʻi kūʻokoʻa.
A
ʻO Bob Woodward
Bush ma ke kaua,
i hoopukaia e Simona
& Schuster. Aia ka hihia hoihoi o Michael Moore
puke, puke
Na kanaka keokeo naaupo,
ka mea i lilo i ka
New York Times
mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa, i paʻi ʻia e HarperCollins nona nā Rupert Murdoch's
Hui Nuhou. Ua hoʻāʻo lākou e pale i ka paʻi ʻana o kēlā
puke ma hope o 9/11 a noi iā Moore e kākau hou i nā ʻāpana nui o ia mea
ka poʻe koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻokele Bush, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "ʻO kēia
ʻAʻole aloha ʻāina, Aia mākou i ke kaua," etc. Ua hōʻole ʻo ia e hana pēlā.
He aha
ʻO ka pīhoihoi i kēia manawa ke ʻike nei mākou aia kahi anaina nui loa
no nā puke koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka puke liʻiliʻi na Chomsky,
9-11
,
paʻi ʻia e Seven Stories, ua kūʻai aku ma luna o ka hapaha miliona
kope. ʻO kā mākou hōʻiliʻili 400 ʻaoʻao o nā haʻiʻōlelo a Chomsky,
hoomaopopo
mana
, ua kūʻai aku ma luna o 50,000 kope me ka loaʻa ʻole o hoʻokahi
loiloi ma nā wahi a pau.
Aia
nā puke ʻē aʻe i paheʻe ma nā māwae a ʻo ia hoʻi
kuai ana. ʻo kahi laʻana,
Nickel a me ka dimed
na Barbara Ehrenreich,
ʻO kaʻOi Mea Kūʻai Loa
na Eric Schlosser,
ʻO ka Demokala maikaʻi loa
Hiki i ke kālā ke kūʻai
na Greg Palast ua puka mai ma ka
New
York Times
papa inoa kūʻai maikaʻi loa. Aia nā ʻano like ʻole
ʻaneʻi.
laila
ʻAʻohe nīnau he nui ka lehulehu
no nā puke ma ka hema o ke kikowaena a me ka ʻākau o ke kikowaena. ʻIke mākou i ka ʻēheu ʻākau
kūʻai maikaʻi loa nā puke, no ka mea, kūʻai pinepine ʻia lākou ma ka nui—Ann
ʻO Coulter a me nā poʻe e like me ia. ʻO ka mea hoihoi ʻo ia ka
ʻO ka media, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka media liberal, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa ʻaʻole hāʻawi
e like me ka manawa nui i nā puke koʻikoʻi. Barbara Ehrenreich
ua hana maikaʻi loa. He inoa paʻa ʻo ia a
he mea kakau kupanaha. Ua kūʻai aku kāna puke i ka hapalua miliona ma ka pepa pepa,
He helu kupanaha ia. No laila maopopo ka hopohopo o nā kānaka
nā pilikia pilikanaka i loaʻa ma mua o Bush. Pilikia lākou
e pili ana i ke kaua.
oe
i ʻōlelo ʻia e kūʻai ana kekahi o kēia mau mea hoʻolaha ʻēheu ʻākau i kahi nui
ka helu o nā kope o kēia mau puke a hoʻokele iā lākou i ka mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa
papa inoa, hana i kahi ʻano buzz. A laila ʻike ʻia nā mea kākau ma luna o nā
hōʻike ʻōlelo.
ʻO wau
ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ka poʻe hoʻopuka e kūʻai i nā puke. Akā he nui nā hui
ka poe makemake e hana pela no lakou. No laila hiki i nā puke ke lilo i mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa.
Inā ʻoe e lawe iā Michael Savage, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i kahi slot nui ma
MSNBC, kākoʻo ʻia e Microsoft a me GE. Pīhoihoi au i kēlā no ka mea
ʻO nā hui nui, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻāʻo e hoʻihoʻi i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa
mea. Manaʻo lākou e huhū paha nā kānaka iā lākou inā lākou
ʻike ʻia me kekahi o kēia mau pou ʻelua. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia mau mea ʻelua
Ua hoʻoholo nā ʻoihana e kākoʻo i kēia mea hoʻokalakupua, ʻo ke kanaka
he ulu ʻana.
Pehea
He mea koʻikoʻi ia no nā mea hoʻopuka kūʻokoʻa e hoʻomaka, no ka laʻana,
Hōʻike ʻo Terry Gross a NPR, "Fresh Air" a i ʻole ka Diane
Hōʻike ʻo Rehm a i ʻole kekahi o nā papahana kalepa ma ke kīwī, ma Fox
a me CNN, a loaʻa i nā mea kākau i kahi ʻike?
ʻO ia
mea nui loa. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Terry Gross ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa
ala kūʻai puke. ʻO kā mākou mea kūʻai aku ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o
he aoao mua o ka
New York Times
.
Is
ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o "Oprah?"
aole
ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o "Oprah." Inā he puke kāu e puka mai ana
a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ma ka media nui a pilikia ʻoe
ʻo ke komo ʻana i loko o nā nūpepa, paʻakikī loa
no ka ʻike ʻana o ka poʻe aia ma laila. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha kēlā
nā puke a pau a mākou i hoʻopuka ai i nā mahina i hala iho nei
koʻikoʻi loa i ka mea a Bush e hana nei—na David Cole paha
Terrorism
a me ke Kumukānāwai
, he mea maikai loa
puke ma Ashcroft, a me Gabriel Kolko
Kekahi Keneturi o
Wa
r, he mea hoowahawaha ia no ko kakou kulekele haole, a ia Lewis Lapham
buke
Keaka Kaua
—ua paʻi hou ʻia lākou a pau i loko
he mau mahina o ka hoolaha ana, oiai nae i ka mua
ʻelua mau hihia ʻaʻohe loiloi ma US
Medium
a hoʻopuka nā mea hoʻopuka liʻiliʻi i nā puke koʻikoʻi, akā nele ka mana e
hana a hoʻolaha maoli iā lākou e like me nā hale nui
ma kahi pae hoʻokūkū a nele lākou i ke komo like
ka mīkini kūʻai honua. Ua kuhikuhi ʻoe i kēia ma ke ʻano he ʻano
o ka makeke censorship.
ka
makeke censorship mea maopopo he loa paʻakikī kaʻina hana a ia
ʻO kekahi hapa ka hoʻoholo a nā hale nui ʻaʻole lākou e hele
e lawe i kahi puke no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e manaʻo e kūʻai aku. Na
wehewehe, ʻo kēia kaʻina hana he ʻano conservative. He mea hou
ʻAʻohe manaʻo moʻolelo. I ko mākou paʻi mua ʻana i kā Chomsky
ka hoʻohewa ʻana i ke Kaua Vietnam ma Pantheon, inā i nānā kekahi
i loko o kā lākou kamepiula e ʻike ai i ka nui o nā puke a Chomsky i kūʻai aku ai, ua kūʻai aku lākou
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, "ʻAe, ua kūʻai aku kāna puke ma ka linguistic 300
kope. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole mākou e lawe i kēia puke,"
i lilo i mea ikaika nui no ke kuʻikahi i nā makahiki Vietnam.
i ka wa
Nānā wau i hope i nā tausani o nā puke a mākou i paʻi ai ma luna o ka
30 mau makahiki aʻu i Pantheon, ʻaʻohe o lākou e hana
ko lākou ala ma ke kaʻina hana hoʻoholo o kahi hui nui i kēia lā.
ʻO kahi hapa no ka mea ʻo ka poʻe ʻoihana ka poʻe e hoʻonui
e hoʻoholo i nā hoʻoholo, no ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa nā pahuhopu waiwai,
e like me kā mākou i ʻike ai i ka kafuffle hou ma luna o Random House, ʻo ia
ʻaʻole e lawe ka poʻe i kahi puke i loaʻa ʻole kahi
paʻi mua nui, 15-20,000 kope, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea, a he hapa
no ka mea, aia kēia i loko o ka makemake ʻole e lawe i kekahi ʻano
pilikia naʻauao a politika paha.
ka mea
ʻO nā luna hoʻoponopono ma kēia mau hale e hoʻoholo nei? Are
puke lākou i ka poʻe i piha i ka palapala a hoihoi i ka lehulehu
ʻO nā hana a i ʻole he mau helu pīni?
ʻIke loa,
ke loli nei na mea. He nui na kanaka i komo iloko
hoʻopuka i ka poʻe ma Random House i koʻu wā i laila. Ke hele mālie nei lākou
haʻalele a pani ʻia e nā ʻōpio i aʻo ʻia
ʻo ke kumu nui o kā lākou ʻoihana ka loaʻa kālā. Ka Random
Moolelo hale i hana i ka
New York Times
ʻaoʻao mua, a
ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia nei, he mea hōʻike loa, no ka mea, eia
ʻO ka inoa kaulana loa ma ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ʻAmelika—no laila ua ʻike ʻia kēlā
Ua hoʻoholo ʻo Bertelsmann e hoʻohana iā ia no kā lākou paʻi ʻana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa - kahi
ʻAʻole lawa ka papa inoa i loaʻa i kekahi mau inoa kalepa
waiwai. ʻO ka poʻe e holo nei, ʻo Ann Godoff a me nā mea ʻē aʻe,
ua kipaku ʻia a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia.
He puke Chomsky i pau i ka paʻi ʻia,
Ka mana o ʻAmelika
a me nā Mandarins Hou
, ua hoopuka hou ia. Aia kekahi mau Chomsky
nā puke āu e hoʻihoʻi mai nei,
No ke kumu o ke aupuni
a
Nā pilikia o ka ʻike a me ke kūʻokoʻa.
Hele kēlā i ka holoʻokoʻa
pilikia o ka malama ana i na buke.
keia
he ʻāpana o ka hanana a mākou e kamaʻilio nei, ʻo ia hoʻi
ʻaʻole wale ka loaʻa kālā nui, no ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kālā nui
mai kāu papa inoa hope—ʻo ia ke ala i ka wā ma mua
Ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kālā—akā ʻo ka nīnau no ka makemake e loaʻa nui
kālā ma kēlā me kēia puke. I koʻu noho ʻana ma Pantheon, loaʻa iā mākou kahi memo
e ʻōlelo ana i kēlā me kēia puke i kūʻai ʻia ma lalo o 2,000 kope o ka makahiki
e pulped, me he mea la he ma'i lele e loaa ai ka ma'i
nā puke ʻē aʻe i loko o ka hale kūʻai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka waiwai maikaʻi loa
ma ka hoopuka ana i puke kuai 2,000 i ka makahiki. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā
ʻAʻole kūʻai aku nā puke ma ka papa inoa hope o nā kānaka
kēlā. Akā, ʻo ka manaʻo, pono e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia puke ke kālā
e like me ka hikiwawe. No laila ka manaʻo ma hope o ka hoʻopuka ʻana, ʻo ia
hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka hapalua o kāu kālā i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai nā puke āu i loaʻa ai
i paʻi ʻia i ka wā i hala, ua pilikia a haʻalele ʻia e nā mea he nui
nā ʻoihana.
A
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hale kalepa nui i hilinaʻi ʻia i ka blockbuster
nā mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa me kā lākou hale paʻa o nā hōkū e kauoha ana i nā miliona miliona
ma mua. Inā ʻoe e omo ana i kēlā nui kālā a
e pili ana i ka mea kākau hoʻokahi, he aha ia e waiho ai ma ke ʻano o kāu ʻauʻau
ʻO ke kālā no nā mea kākau liʻiliʻi a ʻike ʻole ʻia?
laila
he polarization, akā, ʻaʻole makemake ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ka mea liʻiliʻi
mea kākau naʻe, no laila, ʻaʻole ia he pilikia nui. ʻO ka pilikia,
ma ke ʻano, ʻoi aku ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e makemake nā mea a pau i nā mea kūʻai maikaʻi like ʻole,
no laila ke uku nui nei nā mea a pau iā lākou. Hiki iā ʻoe ke uku i nā miliona
dala a pau ke kala .
aka,
ʻO ka pilikia, ua hāpai kēia i ka paepae o ka mea e pono ai
e hoʻopuka i kahi mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa a hiki i kahi, i nā manawa he nui, hiki iā ʻoe
ʻoiaʻiʻo e lilo ana ʻoe i ke kālā ma ia mea a ʻo ʻoe
pono e lawe i kēlā mea mai nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, aia
nā pilikia o ka nui o ka manawa i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa
ma ka lilo o na buke e ae. Hoʻomanaʻo wau ma Random House, ma
hoʻokahi manawa ma mua o ka Kalikimaka, me ka ʻike ʻana ʻaʻohe o kā mākou mau puke
hoʻouna ʻia mai ka hale kūʻai aku, he manawa koʻikoʻi ia o ka
makahiki e hana ai. Ua nīnau au i ka mea e hana nei a ʻōlelo lākou, "ʻAe,
ua paʻi ʻia ka puke Nancy Reagan a he mea nui ia
ma luna o nā mea a pau. " ʻO Nancy Reagan kekahi o kēia mau hihia
kahi i uku ʻia ai nā miliona he nui ʻole i loaʻa hou. ʻAʻole wale
ua lilo ke kālā i kēlā puke ma kona ʻano ponoʻī, akā ua pōʻino i ka
kūʻai aku i nā mea ʻē aʻe a pau ma ka papa inoa no ka mea
hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻano mea nui. ʻO ia, ma ke ʻano, he hōʻailona o ka mea
hiki i nā hale nui ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua a pau i loko o kēia hīnaʻi hoʻokahi.
In
1996 ua hoʻoholo ʻia ke kānāwai Telecommunications e ka ʻAhaʻōlelo a kau inoa ʻia
e kekahi Demokarata liberal i oleloia, ka Peresidena Clinton. Ua hiki keia
ʻO Murdoch's News Corporation a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e ʻenekinia i kahi kai eʻe
o ka hui ana a me ka lawe ana.
Akau,
ʻoiai ke manaʻo nei au he mea maʻalahi loa ka nānā wale ʻana i ke kālā ma aneʻi.
ʻO ka mea nui ke kākoʻo. Ua kākoʻo ʻo Murdoch iā Blair, no ka laʻana,
ma hope o kona hoʻouka kaua ʻana iā ia ma mua. Ma ke koho balota ana o Murdoch
paʻi ma Beretania i lanakila i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he lanakila paʻa ma
ka hapa o ka aoao Limahana. ʻO ka pepa alakaʻi, ka
Sun
,
he poʻomanaʻo, "ʻO mākou ka mea i hana ai." ʻO Murdoch
e kaena ana no kona hahau ana ia Blair. ʻO ka lua o ka manawa
a puni, ua aʻo ʻo Blair i kāna haʻawina a ua kūkākūkā pū me Murdoch
e pili ana i kona mau makemake. ʻO kekahi o nā mea mua a Blair
hana i loko o nā kulekele ʻē aʻe i kona koho ʻia ʻana e hele i Italia e
hoʻokipa iā Berlusconi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka makemake o Murdoch. ʻO kēlā
ʻo ia paha ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hui hauʻoli i loaʻa iā lākou
i hana ʻia mai ia manawa mai, kahi ʻo Blair, he alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻo Labor Party,
ua hana i kahi kuikahi pili loa me ka ʻelua ʻēheu ʻākau ʻākau loa
Kuhina ma ʻEulopa, Berlusconi a me Aznar ma Sepania. ʻAʻole wau
e ʻōlelo ana ua hana ʻo Blair i kēia i mea e ʻoluʻolu ai iā Murdoch. Manaʻo wau ua loaʻa iā ia
nā kumu ʻē aʻe. Akā, he mea nui ke kākoʻo o Murdoch i ka lanakila
ma ʻEnelani a ʻike ʻo ia i kēlā.
ʻO Silvio Berlusconi paha ka media titan mua loa
e hoʻokō i ka mana kālaiʻāina.
Berlusconi
ʻo ia ka mea paʻi paʻi maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka poʻe paʻi kipi a me ka hoʻopunipuni,
ka mea hiki ke hoʻomalu i ka media ma Italia a me ka politika.
He ʻano aupuni ʻēheu ʻākau hou kēia a Orwell i manaʻo ai
hiki i ka wā ma mua, a ʻo Hearst pū kekahi, akā ʻaʻole mākou
ʻike ʻia i kēlā mohala piha.
Heaha
He kuleana ko ka mahele ʻana i ka lawe ʻana i nā puke?
keia
ʻo ia nā ʻāpana āpau o ka hanana pili. ʻO kekahi kumu o ke kūlana
ma ʻAmelika, ua like ka ʻino e like me ka hui ʻana o nā hale kūʻai puke
i ka manawa like me nā mea hoʻopuka. Ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, no
laʻana, ma Kelemānia, ʻelua mau hui, ʻo Bertelsmann a me Von Holtz-brinck,
e hoʻomalu i ʻelua hapakolu o ka hoʻopuka ʻana, akā mau ka hale kūʻai puke
kūʻokoʻa. ʻAʻohe kaulahao.
laila
he mau kaukani a mau tausani hale kūʻai puke kūʻokoʻa e hana a
maikaʻi loa ka hana kūʻai puke. He mea ʻole kēia
aia maanei. ʻO nā hale kūʻai puke kūʻokoʻa e like me 17
pākēneka o nā kūʻai i kēlā me kēia makahiki a i kēlā me kēia makahiki i nā makahiki i hala iho nei
ua emi ka helu. Manaʻo wau ua paʻa paha i kēia manawa a
ʻaʻole i hala ma mua o kēlā. Akā ʻo 17 pakeneka ka liʻiliʻi loa. No laila ke ʻano
hiki i nā kaulahao ke hoʻoholo i nā puke e lilo i mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa.
lakou
e hana i kēia ma kahi ʻāpana o kahi ʻōnaehana, ma ke ʻano, hoʻonohonoho kipi, kahi
kapa ʻia ʻo hoʻolaha hoʻolaha co-op. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻōlelo lākou i ka poʻe hoʻopuka.
inā makemake ʻoe e hōʻike nui ʻia ka puke, a laila loaʻa iā ʻoe
e uku—he mea maʻamau he kālā keu a i ʻole he puke. Ua loaʻa
nā hoʻopiʻi e pili ana i kēia i ka wā ma mua a ma ka ʻākau o Kaleponi ke kūʻokoʻa
Ua lanakila nā hale kūʻai puke i ka hihia. Akā ʻo ia ka mea i loaʻa i nā ʻoihana nui
he pomaikai nui no ka mea, he dala ko lakou e uku ai i keia ano
hoemi hou.
New
ʻO York ke kikowaena o ka ʻoihana paʻi puke ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke helu i ka helu o nā hale kūʻai puke kūʻokoʻa i koe
ma ke kulanakauhale ma kekahi lima?
In
1945, he 350. Aia ma lalo o 30, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe kūʻokoʻa
Aia nā hale kūʻai i loko o nā hale hōʻikeʻike a me nā keʻena. No laila he kakaikahi kāu mau hale kūʻai
hema. ʻO ia kekahi ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai nui o ka waiwai paʻa
ʻO New York, akā no ka mea, ua kipaku ʻia nā kaulahao
ka nui o nā hale kūʻai kūʻokoʻa i puni no ka lōʻihi loa
manawa.
I
ʻike i ka hihia o Midnight Special, aia ma Santa Monica
hale kūʻai ma Kaleponi. Aia ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka hale kūʻai he Barnes &
Noble, ma kela aoao he Palena. Kūikawā Midnight, ka mea
he hale kūʻai puke kūʻokoʻa i kūleʻa loa, ʻo ia
koi ʻia e neʻe ʻaʻole wale ma ke kaomi ʻana o kēlā mau hale kūʻai ʻelua
ma kahi kokoke loa, akā ke piʻi nui nei nā hoʻolimalima.
A
he kulekele maopopo ma kā lākou ʻaoʻao. ʻO kahi hapa o ka pilikia ʻo mākou
ʻaʻohe mea kūʻē. Ma Palani, ke kuokoa
ua hoʻokumu nā mea hoʻopuka i kahi kumu liʻiliʻi e kōkua i nā hale kūʻai puke liʻiliʻi
ola. Ma ʻAmelika, kahi e pono ai nā hale kūʻai puke liʻiliʻi
e holomua, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kula nui, nā kulanui
ua kūʻai aku ka hapa nui i kā lākou mau hale kūʻai puke iā Barnes &
Noble a i ʻole i ke kaulahao ʻē aʻe. No laila ʻo ka Harvard Co-op a me ka
ʻO Yale Co-op, nā hale kūʻai no nā makahiki he nui i ka naʻauao koʻikoʻi
nā kikowaena ma ka pā kula, ua holo i kēia manawa ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka Barnes &
kaulahao hanohano. No laila, aia kekahi kuleana o nā kulanui.
o anakuhi
e pili ana i ka waiwai o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi i loko o kahi hale kūʻai i ʻike i ka waihona
a ʻo wai ka manaʻo o ka palapala, no laila ke nīnau ʻoe no Neruda, no ka mea
laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi koke iā ʻoe i kēia puke.
keia
he ninau no ka uku. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e hana nei no nā kaulahao
ke hana nui nei e like me ka poe hana ma McDonald. Pela oe
e noʻonoʻo wikiwiki, ʻo ia kaʻu e kapa ai, ma waho aʻe o ka meaʻai wikiwiki. In
Kelemānia, pono ʻoe e loaʻa kahi diploma, ʻaʻole he MA a i ʻole kekahi mea, akā
he diploma e hōʻike ana ua lawe ʻoe i kahi papa e pili ana i ke komo ʻana
hale kūʻai puke a pehea e ʻike ai i kahi o nā puke. ʻIke loa,
inā ʻoe e uku ana i nā kānaka e like me ka liʻiliʻi o nā kaulahao—ʻo lākou
ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa e like me Wal-Mart, akā ʻaʻole nui lākou
ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi - a laila e kiʻi ʻoe i ka poʻe ʻaʻole
loaʻa kahi ʻike.
I
hoʻomanaʻo i ka wā a mākou i hoʻopuka ai
Hele ʻo Kauka Seuss i ke kaua
, ka mea
he ohi kaulana loa ia o na kii paani a Kauka Seuss o ka
Ke au o ke Kaua Honua II. Ke kūʻai aku nei mākou i ʻumi kaukani kope.
Ua hele au i loko o ka Barnes & Noble nui ma Fifth Avenue e ʻike i hea
ia lakou ka buke. Ninau au i ke kakauolelo ma ke keena hookipa i hea
ua ___ ia. ʻAʻole wale ʻo ia i lohe ʻole i ka puke, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia
malia paha, aole nae oia i lohe ia Kauka Seuss, he kanaka nona
ua kūʻai aku ka hana i nā ʻumi miliona o nā kope i nā makahiki.
Ua poho ʻo Amazon.com i ka ʻīnika ʻulaʻula i nā makahiki. Ua loaʻa
nae e huli i ka waiwai. Akā naʻe, ua loaʻa ka mana nui i ka
ʻoihana hoʻopuka puke.
ka
mea hoihoi e pili ana iā Amazon—a ʻoiaʻiʻo nō ʻo Barnes
& Noble no nā makahiki he nui—ʻo ia ka loaʻa kālā ma nā ʻāpana
ʻaʻole ia ka manaʻo nui. E kiʻekiʻe ana nā kumukūʻai
e like me ka hiki. No laila ua kiʻekiʻe nā kumukūʻai ma Amazon no ka lōʻihi
manawa, no ka mea, ua manaʻo ka poʻe ʻo ia ka nalu o ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO lākou,
ma ka huli ʻana, e hoʻolilo i ʻumi miliona e hoʻolaha ana i ka inoa inoa
a me ka hoʻolilo ʻana i nā mea a pau e noʻonoʻo iā lākou ma kahi e hiki ai iā lākou
kiʻi puke. I nā manawa he nui ʻaʻole loaʻa iā Amazon ka puke, kekahi
ʻoi aku ma mua o kāu hale kūʻai puke kūloko. Kauoha mai ka mea hoʻopuka
a e hoʻouna aku iā ʻoe i kekahi mau lā. Kekahi hale kūʻai puke ma ka ʻāina
ua hiki ke hana i ka mea like. ʻO ka mea a Amazon i hana ai ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui
ka nui i hoʻolilo ʻia e ko lākou poʻe kuleana ʻaʻole e kūʻai nui i
nā puke, akā e kūʻai i nā hoʻolaha he nui. Ua lanakila loa kēlā, akā
ua lanakila pū me ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa.
kekahi
ʻO ka nalu o ka wā e hiki mai ana he puke E-puke, puke uila, puke ma ka pūnaewele.
Ua haʻi ʻia ʻo ia ka mea e hiki mai ana. ʻO ke kope paʻa maoli
ʻO kahi puke e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke haʻalele e lilo ana i mea kahiko.
ʻO kēlā ʻano hoʻihoʻi mai kēlā euphoria mua i aloha ʻia
ia mea.
laila
ua mau i ka moʻomeheu ʻAmelika kahi manaʻo aia
e lilo i mea hoʻoponopono ʻenehana wikiwiki i kekahi pilikia i loaʻa iā mākou.
Hoʻokahi makahiki a ʻelua wale nō ka mea o ka E-puke. Akā ʻo ka pilikia
ua hana maoli kēia ma ke ʻano maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā
ʻAʻole mālama nā mea hoʻopuka i kā lākou papa inoa hope, inā ʻaʻole mālama nā hale kūʻai
e mālama hou i ka papa inoa hope, a laila, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e ʻōlelo ana hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi
ʻO ka E-puke ke ala maʻalahi e hana ai. Akā ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻano
ʻAʻohe mea e hele i loko o kahi hale kūʻai puke a loaʻa kahi puke a lākou
ʻaʻole ʻike lākou makemake. ʻO ia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, kekahi o nā
hale kūʻai puke lawelawe maʻamau.
E kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka waiwai o nā puke ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kānaka.
Ua haʻi mai ʻo Howard Zinn iaʻu ua hālāwai ʻo ia me nā poʻe he nui, ʻaʻohe mea i loaʻa
ua haʻi aku iā ia, no ka laʻana, ua hoʻololi kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni i koʻu ola, akā
nui ka poʻe i haʻi iā ia ua hoʻololi kēia puke i koʻu ola.
A
ʻo ia kekahi o nā hana kuʻuna āu e manaʻo ai no nā puke, inā paha
he moʻolelo moʻokalaleo a mele ʻole. Manaʻo wau hiki i nā mea a pau
e noʻonoʻo hou i nā puke i pili iā lākou, inā he puke lākou
ua heluhelu ʻia ma ke kulanui a i ʻole ke kula a i ʻole i ʻike ʻia
ia lakou iho. ʻO ka mea nui e mālama i ka hiki
e kāhāhā i nā kānaka a mālama i nā ʻano like ʻole i loko o nā puke
hoihoi lākou no ka mea, inā pau lākou i ka puke hoʻokahi, maopopo
e pau ka huli ana o na kanaka ia lakou.
ʻekahi
ʻO nā holomua āu i loaʻa ai he puke na James Loewen, he mea kākau moʻolelo,
Lies Ka'u Kumu i hai mai ia'u
.
kona
ʻO ka puke he hōʻike kupanaha no ke kula kiʻekiʻe o ka mōʻaukala ʻAmelika
puke haʻawina. I ko mākou paʻi mua ʻana, manaʻo mākou e loaʻa
he lehulehu wale no ka mea i komo i ke kula lua
e heluhelu paha. Ua ʻike mākou ua mamao loa ia mai ka hihia.
Ua kūʻai ʻia ka puke ma luna o ka hapahā miliona mau kope i kāna
nā paʻi like ʻole. Ua ʻike mākou i nā mākua a me nā haumāna
ʻoi aku ka hoihoi i nā mea i aʻo ʻia ma nā kula
ma mua o ka poʻe i hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou.
We
hana i kahi puke i kapa ʻia
Nā keiki a kekahi poʻe
na Lisa Delpit,
He kūkākūkā kupanaha ia o nā mea e hana nei i loko o nā lumi papa kahi
no nā ʻano lāhui like ʻole nā keiki a me nā kumu.
He puke ʻaʻole i hoʻopā ʻia e kekahi mea hoʻopuka pāʻoihana
a ua kūʻai aku ma mua o 100,000 kope. I ko makou hoopuka ana
ka puke
E oluolu ka Aha
, ʻo ia nā hoʻopaʻa leo
o na hihia nui i na makahiki he 50 i hala iho nei i ka Aha Kiekie,
ʻōlelo nā mea a pau he mea ʻenehana nui kēia. Loio a me ke kanawai wale no
e makemake ana na polopeka. Ua kūʻai aku mākou i 60,000 kope i ka makahiki mua.
ka
ʻO ka underestimation systematic o ka lehulehu ua alakaʻi i ka poʻe e noʻonoʻo
ʻaʻohe anaina ma ʻaneʻi a manaʻo nā mea a pau ʻaʻole ʻoe i nalowale
kālā hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka lehulehu. ʻIke loa, aia nā hale nui.
Ua hōʻole mau lākou i nā hiki ke hana i nā puke ma nā kumuhana
ʻo ia ke kī i ko kākou moʻolelo.
We
ua hana ʻelua mau puke lipine o nā nīnauele a me nā kikokikona, i kapa ʻia kekahi
Hoʻomanaʻo
ʻO ka hoʻolimalima
, ʻo ia nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka Hale Waihona Puke
o ka Ahaolelo no na makahiki he 70 i hala. Ua hana ʻia lākou ma lalo o ka New
Kuʻikahi. ʻO ia ka leo maoli o nā kauā i nīnau ʻia
e pili ana i ko lakou hala. He mea hoihoi ia ʻaʻohe mea i hoʻopilikia
e nana i kela mea a hiki i ko makou manao e hoolaha aku me ka
lipine a pela aku. I kēia manawa, ua lawe ʻo Skip Gates i ka manaʻo a hana nui
holomua HBO moʻo mai ia mea.
aka,
hōʻike ʻia ua loaʻa mau - a hele kēia ma mua o ka
conglomerates, maopopo—he manaʻo pili i ke ʻano o nā kānaka
makemake e heluhelu. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea pili i ka papa, aia nā mea
o ka hookae lahui i loko. Manaʻo ia ʻaʻohe mea hoʻolohe
no kekahi mau wahi, ʻaʻole makemake kēia poʻe ʻeleʻele a pau
e heluhelu i ko lakou hala ma ia ano.
In
kāu puke, wehewehe ʻoe i ka hele ʻana i ka Yale Club a kamaʻilio pū me a
hui o kou mau hoa papa mua. He mau kamaʻilio hoihoi kāu
me ia.
I
e kamaʻilio ana e pili ana i ka mea i loaʻa i ka hoʻolaha ʻana. I ka hopena
o ke kamaʻilio ʻana, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia au e nā hoa papa mua i ʻōlelo mai, "ʻAe,
manaʻo ʻoe ua hewa ʻoe. Pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke ʻano o ia mea
he loio, he kauka, a he mea haku hale paha. Ua maopopo,
i loko o nā mea a pau a mākou i manaʻo ai he mau ʻoihana kūʻokoʻa—a
ʻO ka paʻi ʻana kekahi o ia mau mea-ua lawe ʻia ke kālā a me nā kānaka
ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoholo no lākou iho ma ke kumu
o ka mea a lakou i manao ai he pono, ina paha no ka mea hoopii
a i ʻole no ka mea maʻi a no ka mea makemake paha e kūkulu hale. ʻO ka
ua hoʻoholo ʻia no lākou e ka poʻe nāna e hoʻomalu
ke kālā ma ia mau ʻoihana. ʻO nā ʻoihana loio a me nā mea like, kahi i hoʻohana ai
e noʻonoʻo e hiki ke hana i nā hihia pro bono a loaʻa i nā mea ʻē aʻe
ʻO nā kūlana ma mua o ke kālā, ua paʻa i kēia e like me nā wahi āpau
iʻole.
ʻIke loa,
ʻo ka mea a mākou e manaʻolana ai a ʻike mākou me nā mea hoʻopuka liʻiliʻi kūʻokoʻa kēlā
aia kekahi hanauna ʻōpio ʻaʻole e kūʻai i loko o ka
moʻomeheu kālā a ua hoʻoholo i kekahi o kēia mau waiwai
mea ia lakou.
David Barsamian
ʻo ia ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu a me ke alakaʻi o Alternative Radio. ʻO ia ke kumu o
Hoʻemi a hāʻule o ka hoʻolaha lehulehu
pū kekahi
as
ʻO Propaganda a me ka noʻonoʻo lehulehu,
me Noa
Chomsky. He mea kōkua mau ʻo ia i
Z
, ka
e holumua ai
, a me nā puke ʻē aʻe.