Wataƙila mafi kyawun nasarar da aka samu a rayuwar siyasa a ƙarshen karni na ashirin shine yunkurin duniya na dimokuradiyya wanda ya rushe mulkin kama-karya da dama na kowane kwatance - mulki, gurguzu, farkisanci, soja. Ya faru a duk nahiyoyin duniya, kuma ya faru cikin lumana. Ya fara ne a cikin 1970s, tare da rushewar mulkin mulkin Girka da na hannun dama a Portugal da Spain; ya ci gaba a cikin 1980s, a asirce yana tsalle Tekun Atlantika, tare da rushewar mulkin kama-karya a Argentina, Chile da Brazil; sannan, ta mamaye tekun Pacific, ta yi ikirarin mulkin kama-karya na Ferdinand Marcos a Philippines. A karshe, a farkon shekarun 90s, ta yadu zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, inda mulkin wariyar launin fata farar fata ya zama mafi rinjaye, kuma ya koma nahiyar Eurasia inda babbar daular Soviet da kanta ta kawar da tarihin tarihi.
’Yan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wannan cuta mai kyau sun sami suna: ƙungiyoyin jama'a. 'Civil': sun kasance masu zaman lafiya, ma'ana cewa bam a cikin cafe, kisan gillar da aka yi wa wani jami'in gida, mamayewar ginin majalisar, ba dabararsu ba ce. 'Al'umma': sun bayyana ra'ayin jama'a, ba nufin gwamnatoci ba. Harkar ta karye ko ta yi gwamnatoci. Maigidansu ne.
Sai dai a 'yan kwanakin nan, harkar ta samu sauyi a cikin gida da waje. Kungiyoyin farar hula a cikin al'ummomi masu wadata sun fara ba da tallafi na maraba ga matalauta. Amma gwamnatocin ma sun shiga ciki. Ba kamar ƙungiyoyin jama'a masu zaman kansu ba, gwamnatoci suna da sha'awar mulki, kuma ƙungiyoyin fararen hula sun yi amfani da shi a fili. A nan Amurka, an ƙirƙiri baiwar Demokraɗiyya ta ƙasa a farkon shekaru tamanin. Majalisa ce ke samun tallafi kuma kwamitin da ya haɗa da ƴan siyasa masu ƙwazo da masu ritaya na jam'iyyun biyu ke tafiyar da ita, duk da haka ta kira kanta a matsayin ƙungiyar 'mai zaman kanta'. Manufarta ita ce ta tallafa wa dimokuradiyya a kowane fanni, ba kowace jam’iyya ba, amma ba da jimawa ba aka rasa bambancin a aikace. Yawancin dala miliyan 10.5 da aka raba a Nicaragua a lokacin zabukan 1990 sun tafi ne ga 'yan adawar Sandinistas, wadanda aka kada kuri'a a kan mulki. A shekara ta 2002, kungiyar ta Endowment ta tallafa wa kungiyoyi a Venezuela wadanda suka goyi bayan juyin mulkin da aka yi na dan gajeren lokaci da aka yi wa shugaba Hugo Chavez, inda aka dakatar da majalisar dokokin Venezuela, da bangaren shari'a da tsarin mulkin kasar.
Washegarin juyin mulkin, Omar Encarnación na Kwalejin Bard ya kira "juyin mulkin jama'a," shugaban Cibiyar Jamhuriyar Republican ta Duniya, wanda ke da alaƙa da GOP kuma shi ne hanyar samar da kudade na Endowment, ya ce, "A daren jiya. a karkashin kowane bangare na kungiyoyin fararen hula, al'ummar Venezuela sun tashi tsaye don kare dimokiradiyya a kasarsu.' Da yake magana da gwamnatin Amurka, sakataren yada labarai na fadar shugaban kasar Ari Fleischer ya bayyana cewa juyin mulkin "ya faru cikin sauri sakamakon sakon al'ummar Venezuela." Hasali ma, al'ummar Venezuela sun yi adawa da juyin mulkin, kuma Chavez, duk da irin nasa ra'ayin danniya, kusan nan take ya koma kan karagar mulki.
A baya-bayan nan Gudunmawar Endowment ta tafi ga ƙungiyoyi a Ukraine waɗanda ke goyon bayan ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa Victor Yushchenko, wanda ya zama shugaban ƙasa bayan sakamakon magudin da ɗan takarar gwamnatin adawa ya ƙirƙira sakamakon matsin lamba na jama'a. A Venezuela, sakamakon shi ne lalata, ko da yake a takaice, na dukkanin cibiyoyin dimokiradiyya, yayin da a Ukraine sakamakon shine ceto demokradiyya; amma duk da haka a dukkan bangarorin biyu an lalatar da wani bangare amincin kungiyoyin fararen hula, wanda ya dogara da 'yancin kai daga gwamnatoci.
Wani abu makamancin haka yana faruwa a cikin Amurka. Jam'iyyar Republican da magoya bayanta sun kasance majagaba, samar da abin da za a iya kira inuwa ƙungiyoyin jama'a da kuma neman su hade ta cikin rashin fahimta da na ainihi. Tsohon Sanatan New Jersey Bill Bradley ya taƙaita tsarin a cikin op-ed na 30 ga Maris New York Times: Manyan masu ba da gudummawa sun kafa ƙungiyoyin tunani na bangaranci sun fi sha'awar farfagandar fiye da tunani; daga nan aka ci gaba da kafa kungiyoyin labarai masu zaman kansu amma a zahiri masu bin tsarin siyasa kamar su FOX News da Rush Limbaugh show. Kwanan nan, wasu sabbin kurakurai a cikin tsarin sun bayyana: yin amfani da masu ba da labarai na jabu, da yin riya cewa suna bayar da rahoto daga wata tashar labarai mai zaman kanta yayin da a zahiri ke aiki a ma'aikatar gwamnati, da kuma 'yan jaridu na karya, irin su 'Jeff Gannon,' wanda ya ba da izini ga dan kasuwa. Fadar White House don yin tambayoyi na sycophantic na Shugaban a taron manema labarai na Fadar White House. Akwai kuma taron 'karya' (tambarin ƙungiyoyin jama'a) tare da shugaban ƙasa, inda jama'a da aka tantance suke yin tambayoyin da aka gwada.
Dabarun karya ayyukan farar hula yana da dogon al'ada a fagen kasashen waje. Misali, CIA ta kusan yanke hakoranta tana sarrafa shahararru da motsin hankali a Turai a ƙarshen 1940s da 50s. (Hakika, ɗan tarihi Allen Weinstein, wanda shine shugaban riko na farko na Endowment na ƙasa, ya yi sharhi, 'Yawancin abin da muke yi a yau shekaru ashirin da biyar ne CIA ta yi a ɓoye.') Amma aikin cikin gida ya fi kwanan nan. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ba a san su ba na asali shine shugabancin Richard Nixon, wanda ya taba umurci mai taimaka masa Charles Colson ya harba bam a Cibiyar Brookings, sannan ya kira shi. Amma kuma yana da wasu ƙarin ra'ayoyi masu aiki. Ya gaya wa Patrick Buchanan, wanda a lokacin daraktan sadarwar sa, cewa yana son ko ta yaya ba kawai ya yanke tushe na 'hagu' ba 'ba tare da ko kwabo' ba, har ma a sami wata cibiyar dama da za ta zama mai zaman kanta amma a zahiri za a sarrafa ta. ta fadar White House. Kamar yadda Buchanan ya yi tsokaci a cikin wata sanarwa, 'wasu daga cikin mahimman manufofin Cibiyar za su kasance masu duhu, har ma da binne su, a cikin kowane nau'i na sauran ayyukan da za su kasance babban aikinta, wanda zai dauki mutane da yawa aiki, kuma zai samar da su. murfin don mafi mahimmancin ƙoƙarin.' A cikin wannan al'amari, kamar yadda yake a wasu da yawa, jam'iyyar Republican ta yau ita ce ta hannun Richard Nixon.
Wasu 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat na son jam'iyyarsu ta mayar da martani irin nasu. Don dalilai na gaggawa da fahimta, suna son daidaita filin wasa. Amma farashin zai iya zama babba. A cikin irin wannan duniyar, babu abin da zai kasance kamar yadda ya kasance. Bayan kowane mai rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo zai lurk da PR spinmeister, a bayan kowane mai ba da rahoto zai tsaya da haƙƙin siyasa, a bayan duk wani mai nuna sha'awa yana riƙe da tutarta - fure, orange, purple, ko itacen al'ul - zai kwanta hannun sanyi na jihar. Da sunan ƙungiyoyin jama'a, ƙungiyoyin jama'a za su lalace.
Jonathan Schell, marubucin Duniyar da ba ta da nasara, shine Harold Willens Peace Fellow na Cibiyar Kasa. Jonathan Schell Reader Littafin Nation ya buga kwanan nan.
Haƙƙin mallaka C2005 Jonathan Schell
Wannan labarin zai bayyana a fitowa ta gaba Mujallar Kasa. Ya fara bayyana kan layi a Tomdispatch.com, wani gidan yanar gizo na Cibiyar Nation, wanda ke ba da ci gaba ta hanyoyi daban-daban, labarai, da ra'ayi daga Tom Engelhardt, editan dogon lokaci a cikin bugawa kuma marubucin Ƙarshen Nasara Al'adu da kuma Kwanakin Karshen Bugawa.]
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