Inganekwane #1) Umhlangano we-Annapolis ubuklanyelwe ukwethula izingxoxo ezintsha ezingathi sína phakathi kwama-Israel namaPalestine ezihloselwe ukuqeda lo msebenzi kanye nokukhiqiza ukuthula okunobulungiswa, okuhlala njalo nokuphelele esifundeni okusekelwe esixazululweni semibuso emibili.
Eqinisweni, izizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zengqungquthela azihlangene neze ne-Israel noma iPalestine. Izizathu zangempela zokubiza le ngqungquthela kwakuyizi-1) zokuqinisa ukwesekwa kukahulumeni wama-Arab ngamasu ase-US eMpumalanga Ephakathi, kuhlanganise nempi yase-Iraq futhi ikakhulukazi ukwanda kwengcindezi eqondiswe e-Iran. 2) Ukuhlinzeka ngesithombe sokuhlela kabusha ifa lika-Condoleezza Rice, manje elilolongelwe kakhulu ukwamukeleka kwakhe ukuhlasela kuka-Israel eLebanon ngo-2006, kube yifa lomuntu owayezoba umenzi wokuthula.
Inganekwane #2) Isikhathi esifanele sezingxoxo ezintsha ngoba, njengoba uMongameli Bush asho, “Abantu basePalestine nabakwa-Israyeli banabaholi abazimisele ukufeza ukuthula.”
Eqinisweni, bobabili abaholi bakwa-Israel nabasePalestine bantekenteke kakhulu kwezombusazwe, bayekethisekile njengabaholi abasemthethweni futhi abathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabavoti babo, kangangokuthi akukho okunye abangakwenza ngaphandle kokulandela izimfuno ze-White House. Bobabili uNdunankulu u-Olmert kanye noMongameli Wegunya LasePalestine u-Abbas bakhethwa ngokwentando yeningi, kodwa bobabili bakhethwa njengokungena esikhundleni sezithombe ezinamandla nezidumile zophawu lwesizwe abalusebenzelayo.
Njengomanduleli wakhe, u-Yasir Arafat, u-Abbas ngesikhathi esifanayo ungumongameli we-Palestinian Authority kanye noSihlalo we-PLO; ngokungafani no-Arafat, akabhekwa njengeqhawe lenhlangano kazwelonke yasePalestine kanye nophawu lobunye basePalestina. Enkulumeni yakhe yase-Annapolis u-Abbas ubalule izinhloso ezibalulekile zezwe lasePalestine, okuhlanganisa nesinqumo se-UN 194 mayelana nelungelo lokubuya, kodwa ubuthakathaka bakhe bezombusazwe kanye nokwethemba kwakhe isikhathi eside ukwesekwa kwe-U.S. kusho ukuthi akakwazi ukugcizelela kulawo malungelo; akucaci ukuthi ekugcineni uzovuma yini ukungena esivumelwaneni "sokugcina" sokuphika amalungelo abalulekile asePalestina agunyazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi abuyele, ekuzimeleni kwangempela kulo lonke elaseWest Bank, eGaza naseMpumalanga yeJerusalema, ukudilizwa kwezindawo zokuhlala, njll.
U-Olmert ungene esikhundleni sikaJenene u-Ariel Sharon, owaziwa njengoButcher wase-Beirut endimeni yakhe esibhicongweni sase-Sabra/Shatila sango-1982 kanye neqhawe eliqhubekayo le-right-wing yakwa-Israel, ngenkathi u-Sharon equleka ngoJanuwari 2006. Ukuvota kuka-Olmert. izinombolo ziyidijithi eyodwa ephansi, futhi ijaji lenkantolo yamacala obugebengu kwa-Israel kwadingeka likhiphe igunya elikhethekile lokuthweswa icala kuka-Olmert obekulindelekile ngamacala enkohlakalo njengoba indiza yakhe isizosuka ilibangise e-Annapolis kuleli sonto.
Inganekwane #3) The Annapolis conference will provide hope for Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank so Hamas supporters will be won over to support Abbas and the new peace process.
Okuwukuphela kwenkomba yokuqhubeka nokuduba kwe-US-Israel kanye nokuhlukaniswa kweGaza okuguqule iGaza Strip yaba inhlekelele yokusiza abantu, ijele elikhulu elilawulwa yi-Israel nalokho iBhange Lomhlaba elibala ku-87% yamaGazans ahlala ngaphansi komugqa wobumpofu, avela. Isimemezelo sika-Abbas sithi “Kubantu bami nezihlobo eziseGaza Strip, niphakathi kwenhliziyo yami.” Kodwa naye wayengenalutho ayengabanikeza lona ngale kokugomela ngokuthi “amahora obumnyama azophela lapho nibhekene nokuzimisela nokuzimisela kwenu. Ngokugcizelela kwenu ebunyeni babantu bakithi eWest Bank kanye naseGaza Strip njengeyunithi eyodwa yezombangazwe yendawo ngaphandle kokuhlukana, ukuhlupheka kwenu kuzophela. Ukulunga nokuthula kuyobusa.” U-Olmert ubhekisele eGaza kuphela njengendawo yobushokobezi nokuthumba. UBush uchaze iGaza njengendawo lapho inkululeko iphakama khona, njengokuthi “lapho inkululeko igxila emhlabathini wase-Iraq eWest Bank naseGaza, izogqugquzela izigidi eMpumalanga Ephakathi ezifuna imiphakathi yazo yakhelwe phezu kwenkululeko nokuthula nethemba.” [yebo, leyo yingcaphuno enembile.] Kodwa ngeshwa izingane zasePalestine azikwazi ukudla iziliphu zeFreudian.
Inganekwane #4) “Ukusebenzelana” kukamongameli wase-U.S. e-Middle East diplomacy kuwusizo ngokwemvelo; inkinga kuze kube manje kube wukungakhulumisani kukaBush.
Kusukela ngo-1967 i-US ibizibandakanya kakhulu ne-Israel-Palestinian diplomacy. I-US isivele ihlinzeka cishe ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine / ngonyaka ngosizo lwezomnotho nezempi kwa-Israyeli, isanda kumemezela isipho esisha se-$ 4 billion sosizo lwezempi kwa-Israyeli eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, isebenzisa njalo i-veto ye-UN Security Council ukuvikela u-Israyeli ekubanjweni. elibophezelekile ngokwephula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe (ingxenye yawo wonke ama-vetoes ase-US akhishwe kusukela ngo-30), ihlinzeka ngamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-1970 ngosizo lwamaphoyisa/ezempi ku-Palestinian Authority eRamallah ngenkathi igcina ukuvinjelwa okuphelele nokuhlukaniswa kweGaza. Lokho ukuhlanganyela. I-U.S. idinga ukuzibandakanya ngokuhlukile - hhayi ngaphezulu.
Inganekwane #5) E-Annapolis i-U.S. ibona ngokufanelekile u-Israyeli namaPalestina njengabadlali ababili abalinganayo, abanomthwalo wemfanelo olinganayo wokungqubuzana nezibopho ezilinganayo zokuyekethisa.
Lokhu akukona ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabadlali abalinganayo. I-U.S. isalokhu ingamandla abalulekile. I-“Joint Understanding” eyafundwa uMongameli Bush e-Annapolis ithi, “ukusetshenziswa kwesivumelwano sokuthula sesikhathi esizayo kuzoxhomeka ekusetshenzisweni kwebalazwe lomgwaqo, njengoba kwahlulelwa yi-United States.” Eqinisweni, ngisho ne-“Quartet” yemephu yomgwaqo, inganekwane yezombusazwe eyanikeza i-US ikhava yezombusazwe ngokugcoba iYurophu, iRussia kanye neZizwe Ezihlangene njengabaculi abasekela isenzo sikaWashington, yashiywa e-Annapolis.
Ngenkathi i-US iphumelele ukuvimbela i-SC ukuthi isebenze (ama-veto) - njengeMadrid - i-UN ithulisiwe - lapha ingakhuluma, kodwa
Ngemuva kwe-Iraq - I-Art 14 - ngaleso sikhathi ukuhlonyiswa kwezikhali - umphumela weMadrid kwaba izingalo ezintsha (ngisho nabasePalestine) - ukuthula kubathengisi bezikhali - akukho lutho oluhlangene nenhlalakahle phansi.
I-Israel inamandla adlayo, igcina ukuhlala kwayo ezweni lasePalestine ngokwephula inqwaba yezinqumo ze-UN ezifuna kuqedwe ngokushesha ukudliwa kwalo lonke iWest Bank, lonke iGaza kanye nayo yonke i-East Jerusalem edlalwe. U-Israyeli kudingeka athobele - angaxoxi, kodwa athobele - zonke izibopho ezibekwe yizingqungquthela zase-Geneva neminye imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe emandleni okuthatha, okuhlanganisa nokuvinjelwa ngokuphelele kwezindawo zokuhlala, ukuvinjelwa kwezijeziso ezihlangene, nokunye. AmaPalestine angabantu abahlaselwe, ukuvikela kwabo kuyisibopho esiyinhloko samandla aphethe kanye nomphakathi wamazwe omhlaba. Ngo-1988 abantu basePalestine benza umlando (nakuba wawukhohliwe kakhulu) ukuhlehla lapho beshiya isimangalo sabo futhi beqaphela u-Israyeli njengezwe ku-78% wePalestine yomlando (lapho ngisho ne-UN Partition Agreement yabela u-Israyeli 55%). Umbono wokuthi manje amaPalestine kufanele alindeleke ukuthi axoxisane nezinye izingcezu ezinkulu zama-22% amancane omhlaba asele, futhi abeke engcupheni amanye amalungelo awo angenakunqotshwa okuzibusa nokubuya, wenza inhlekisa ngomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kanye nomphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe.
Inganekwane #6) Izingxoxo zase-Annapolis zifakazela ukuthi “isixazululo semibuso emibili” sihlala siwukuphela komphumela ongenzeka futhi osemthethweni.
Ukwakhiwa kombuso wasePalestine ozimele nozimele - kulo lonke elaseWest Bank, iGaza kanye ne-East Jerusalem - kusalokhu kuyigunya leNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene kanye nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nesikhundla esisemthethweni sasePalestine. Ukwesekwa okusemthethweni kokudalwa kohlobo oluthile lwezwe lasePalestine kumelela izikhundla ezisemthethweni zakwa-Israel kanye ne-U.S., kanye namanye amazwe amaningi. Kodwa ukwakhiwa kombuso osebenzayo, ohlangene futhi ozimele kuyo yonke indawo ka-1967, njengoba kugunyazwe yi-UN kanye nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, kuzodinga ukuhlakazwa kwama-blocs amakhulu ezindawo zokuhlala ezinobukhulu bedolobha kanye nokususwa (noma isivumelwano sokuthi sibe abangenalo ilungelo, izakhamizi ezijwayelekile zasePalestine) ngabangaphezu kuka-450,000 abahlali bakwa-Israel eWest Bank futhi bathatha i-East Jerusalem. Lokhu akukona nje "izinguquko ezincane nezivumelanayo" emngceleni. Njengoba lezi zindawo zokuhlala ziqhubeka nokukhula, iqiniso lazo kanye noloDonga Lobandlululo luya ngokuya lwenza isixazululo sangempela semibuso emibili singenzeki. Lokho abaningi abenzi benqubomgomo base-Israel nabaseMelika abakuhlosile buthule ukugcotshwa “kwezwe elingokoqobo” lasePalestine - lizoba namaphasipoti kanye nesihlalo esigcwele e-UN, ubunikazi be-inthanethi kanye nekhodi yezwe yocingo konke okwayo. Kodwa izokwakhiwa iGaza kanye ne-50% engaphansi kwe-West Bank ngendlela yeqoqo le-bantustans engahlangene exhunywe imigwaqo namabhuloho alawulwa yi-Israel, lapho u-Israyeli eqhubeka elawula imingcele, i-airspace, amasosha kanye nokuphepha. umthamo, nokunye.
Njengoba ukudalwa kombuso wase-Palestine osebenzayo kuyancipha ukuba nengqondo, enye indlela yokuqaphela yonke i-Palestine yomlando - kuhlanganise nalokho manje osekuyi-Israel kanye ne-West Bank, i-Gaza ne-East Jerusalem - njengezwe elilodwa, elinamalungelo alinganayo kuzo zonke izakhamuzi zalo, iqala. ukubukeka njengenketho engokoqobo.
Inganekwane #7) Ukubamba iqhaza kwama-Israyeli engqungqutheleni yase-Annapolis kukhombisa ukuzimisela ukwenza ukuvumelana okusha okungathí sina ngezithiyo osekunesikhathi eside zikhona zokuthula okunobulungiswa nokuhlala njalo.
Ezindaweni zokuhlala: amagama athi “umfiki” kanye “nendawo yokuhlala” awazange avele enkulumweni ka-Olmert e-Annapolis. Ngaphambi kokufika, kwakukhona isimemezelo esiphezulu sokuthi u-Israyeli wayezoyeka ukwakha noma yiziphi izindawo zokuhlala "ezintsha" eWest Bank; lokhu kuphenduka okuphelele, njengoba ukwanda kwangempela kwezifiki kwenzeka ngokwandisa umhlaba olawulwa kanye nabantu abagcwalisa izindawo zokuhlala ezikhona, hhayi ngokuyinhloko ngokwakha ezintsha.
EJerusalema: kukhulunywa ngo-Olmert kuphela owavela eJerusalema, futhi wake waba yimeya yaseJerusalema; akukho okubhekiselwe ekwabelaneni ngeJerusalema, ukuqeda ukudlwengulwa kwe-East Jerusalem, amalungelo asePalestine enhloko-dolobha yawo eJerusalema, njll.
Kubabaleki: amagama athi “mbaleki,” “buya,” “amalungelo,” “umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe,” “isinqumo 194” asizange sivele. U-Olmert ukhulume ngenkomba efihlekile ngamabomu "kubantu bakho asebehlupheke iminyaka eminingi" kanye namaPalestine "asebehlale amashumi eminyaka emakamu, bengaxhumekile endaweni abakhulele kuyo ..." Kepha u-Olmert, ethi "ufike lapha namuhla. HHAYI ukuze kulungiswe ama-akhawunti omlando phakathi kwethu nawe,” akabonanga isibopho sakwa-Israyeli sokuhlupheka kwasePalestine, ingasaphathwa yokwamukela isisombululo esigunyazwe umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe ngaphansi kwesinqumo 194 esiqinisekisa ilungelo lababaleki lokubuya. Esikhundleni salokho uthe i-Israel "izothola uhlaka olufanele lwekusasa labo, ezweni lasePalestine elizosungulwa ezindaweni okuvunyelwene ngazo phakathi kwethu."
Imingcele: amagama athi “umngcele,” “Udonga,” “uthango,” “umgoqo” akazange avele.
Inganekwane #8) Ukubamba iqhaza kwama-Arab kukhombisa ukwamukela kwe-US kanye ne-Israel uhlelo lokuthula lwama-Arab lwango-2002 njengengxenye yohlaka lwezokuxhumana.
Eqinisweni, ngu-Abbas kuphela owachaza izidingo zangempela zesinyathelo sokuthula sama-Arabhu - u-Israyeli oqeda ukuhlala emingceleni yango-1967, ababaleki, iJerusalema, iSyria Golan Heights. KuBush no-Olmert, kubhekiselwe kuphela kumongo womphumela wawo: UMA u-Israyeli eqeda umsebenzi, waqaphela ilungelo lababaleki lokubuya, njll., BESE kungenzeka ukujwayela phakathi kuka-Israyeli nomhlaba wama-Arab. Inkulumo ka-Olmert ihlanganise nohlu lwalokho akucabangayo ngesinyathelo sama-Arab: "ujwayelene" nalo, "uyasivuma," "uyalwazisa" lolu hlelo...kodwa akukho okukhombisa ukuthi uyakwamukela noma angakuthobela. Eqinisweni u-Olmert wakhuluma ngqo namanxusa ama-Arab, ebakhumbuza ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imibono yabo, ohulumeni base-Arab ngeke babe nendawo etafuleni. “[E] noma ngabe uhlelo lokuthula lwama-Arab luveza izimiso ezisekelwe endabeni yama-Arab, awunanhloso yokuvala amaPalestina ezingxoxweni. Sicela nibasekele; bayakudinga. Ngaphandle kokweseka kwenu ukuvumelana ngeke kube khona ukuthula.” Ku-Olmert, umsebenzi wohulumeni bama-Arab kwakuwukubambisana ekuzinikeleni kwePalestine.
Inganekwane #9) Ukubamba iqhaza kweSyria kusho ukuthi iSyria manje isijoyina iqembu elimelene ne-Iran elisentshonalanga esifundeni.
I-Syria iyizwe elimpofu futhi elibuthakathaka uma kuqhathaniswa, uMengameli walo u-Bashar al-Assad akakaze afune amandla nomthelela kayise, u-Hafez al-Assad. Naphezu kobudlelwane obude beSyria ne-Iran, iyingxenye ebalulekile yezwe lama-Arab, futhi ayikwazanga ukudelela isicelo se-Arab League sokubamba iqhaza e-Annapolis. Ukuba khona kwabantu baseSyria, ezingeni elincane ku-snub eyingxenye ye-U.S. kanye ne-Israel (ngisho naku-Mahmoud Abbas) kukhipha i-Damaseku esihlalweni esishisayo ne-Washington - eqhubeka nethemba lokukwazi ukususa i-Syria kude ne-Iran. I-Syria ikwazile okungenani ukusho amagama athi "Golan Heights" futhi ikhumbuze abalaleli bezokuxhumana ukuthi uhlelo lokuthula lwama-Arab lwaluhlanganisa nokuqeda ukuthathwa kuka-Israyeli eGolan njengombandela wokuqala wokujwayela. Futhi ukubamba iqhaza kweSyria e-Annapolis kungabhekwa njengokukhokha uhlobo lwemali yokuvikela, kunciphisa umthelela wesixuku "seSyria Next" eWashington.
Inganekwane #10) Izinkulumo ezinikezwe e-Annapolis zizokhuthaza ukuzibophezela okusha.
Umhlangano wase-Annapolis awuzange uveze isethi enkulu “yezinyathelo zokwenza ukuzethemba” ukwethula lolu hlelo. Izimemezelo zangaphambi kwe-Annapolis zikahulumeni wase-Israel zibonise isimemezelo esiphezulu sokukhululwa kweziboshwa ze-450 (ngaphansi kwe-5% ye-Israel engaphezu kuka-10,000 iyaqhubeka nokubamba ngokungemthetho) kanye nesithembiso sokungazakhi noma yiziphi izindawo zokuhlala ezintsha. Lokhu bekuwukuhoxa ngisho nasobizweni okuthiwa yimephu yomgwaqo yokuthi i-Israel "imise konke ukunwetshwa kwezindawo zokuhlala," okusho ukuthi asikho isakhiwo esengeziwe noma ukwengeza abahlali abasha. Eqinisweni ukwakha ukuzethemba kwangempela kungadinga ukuthi u-Israyeli okungenani aqale inqubo yokudiliza izindawo zokuhlala ezikhona. Hhayi nje “izindawo eziqashiwe” ezingokomfanekiso u-Israyeli angazivala ngezindleko ezincane zezombangazwe nangaphandle kwezezimali (yize zingavalwanga njengoba kuthenjisiwe kumephu yomgwaqo) - kodwa isinyathelo sangempela sokuqala ukudiliza ezinye ezingenalutho noma ingxenye- Amafulethi aqediwe akhiwayo njengamanje kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala ezingekho emthethweni ezilingana nedolobha njenge-Ariel noma i-Ma'ale Adumim. Lokho kungaba yisinyathelo esibheke ekuvimbeleni nje ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo, kodwa isinyathelo esibheke ekudaleni ukuthula okukhulu.
Inganekwane #11) Ingqungquthela yase-Annapolis yayisekelwe ekusebenziseni zonke izinqumo ezifanele ze-UN.
Ukuba khona kwenqwaba yohulumeni nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe e-Annapolis kwenza le ngqungquthela yabonakala njengomcimbi ofana neZizwe Ezihlangene. Kodwa konke kwakumayelana nesitayela - hhayi ingqikithi. Ngaleyo ndlela kwabonisa isimo esifanayo ngo-1991, lapho i-U.S. ihlela (ngokusobala ngoxhaso lweSoviet) ingqungquthela yaseMadrid ukuze “yethule” izingxoxo zokuthula ezintsha. Umbuthano omkhulu wamazwe ngamazwe obenyezelayo - kodwa Imemorandamu Yokusebenzisana esemthethweni phakathi kwe-U.S. kanye ne-Israel, ebeka imigomo yokubamba iqhaza kwe-Israel, yaqinisekisa ukuthi okuwukuphela kwakhe omele iZizwe Ezihlangene ngeke avunyelwe ukukhuluma. Nakuba isikhulu samanje se-UN u-Ban ki-Moon evunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ukuthi akhulume e-Annapolis, kwakungekho ngisho nenkohliso yokuthi inhlangano yomhlaba wonke, okufanele ibe yisizinda sayo yonke imizamo yokuxhumana yamazwe ngamazwe ngalolu daba, yayizovunyelwa ukubamba iqhaza elibalulekile.
Azikho izinqumo ze-UN ezishiwo esitatimendeni esihlanganyelwe se-Israel-Palestine uBush asifunde ukuvula ingqungquthela. U-Abbas ukhulume ngesinqumo 194 (ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ababaleki banelungelo lokubuya) kodwa izinkulumo zase-U.S. U-Olmert washo u-242 kanye no-338, kodwa walinganisa igunya lezinqumo ze-UN naleyo yencwadi yango-April 14, 2004 uMongameli Bush ayithumela kuNdunankulu wangaleso sikhathi u-Ariel Sharon ethembisa ukwesekwa kwe-US ekuthathweni kwezindawo ezinkulu zokuhlaliswa kuka-Israyeli kanye nokwenqaba kuka-Israyeli ilungelo lokubuya. . Kwakungekho ngxoxo, yebo, ngephethini yaseWashington yokusongela kwe-veto kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-veto eMkhandlwini wezokuPhepha okuye kwavimbela njalo u-Israel ekubeni athweswe icala ngokwephula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe.
Inganekwane #12) I-Annapolis yaba isehluleki.
Uma siqonda i-Annapolis ngalokho ebiyikho ngempela, kungase kube yimpumelelo enkulu. (Bheka Inganekwane #1) Imibuso yama-Arab ingabuyela ekhaya nemibhalo yezinkulumo zayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-bluster noma i-stateman, futhi ibonise abantu bayo ukuthi bamelana kanjani no-Israyeli ne-U.S., nokuthi babasize kanjani abantu basePalestina. Bangakhombisa-ke ukuzimisela okwengeziwe ngesikhathi esizayo lapho uBush ebacela amalungelo okundiza, amalungelo ayisisekelo, ukwesekwa kwezepolitiki. Futhi u-Condoleezza Rice uthole ama-photo-ops akhe. Ifa lakhe, kusesekuseni kakhulu ukuthi lingasho.
Kepha ngokususelwa kuzinjongo zayo zangempela, noma zingavunywa, i-Annapolis ingase ibe yimpumelelo enkulu.
Ngakho-ke kusho ukuthini konke? Futhi senzani manje?
Kunenye insumansumane ethi i-Annapolis, impinda yakamuva “yezinqubo zokuthula” ezilawulwa yi-U.S., imele isizinda semizamo yamanje yokudala ukuthula kwe-Israel-Palestine. Lokho akukaze kube yiqiniso. Uhlaka lwale ngqungquthela, olubunjwe amandla omhlaba we-U.S. Ukwandiswa kwesifunda sakwa-Israyeli, impi kanye nezinqubomgomo zobandlululo; Ukucindezelwa kohulumeni bama-Arab kanye nezempi; kanye nokwehlukana kanye nobuthakathaka basePalestine, akuzange kube nethemba elikhulu lokuthula okunobulungiswa noma okuhlala njalo noma okuphelele. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi umsebenzi wangempela wokudala ukuthula awuqhubeki. Umphakathi wasePalestine, osekelwa umphakathi womhlaba wonke, ohulumeni abambalwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi iZizwe Ezihlangene, zakha ukunyakaza okungahambisani nobudlova okuphonsela inselelo lawo maqiniso.
Ngo-2005, umphakathi wasePalestine kanye nomphakathi womhlaba wonke wacela ukuthi kudalwe umnyakazo wokuBoycott, Divestment and Sanctions, ukuze kulethwe ingcindezi yezomnotho yamazwe ngamazwe engenalo udlame ku-Israel ukuthi ihambisane nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Lowo mnyakazo uqhubeka kahle. Ukukhula kokusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke kohlaka lwenhlangano emelene nobandlululo ukuze inselele izinqubomgomo zakwa-Israel zokucwasa, kwaqhutshekwa phambili ngabantu abafana noMongameli wangaphambili uJimmy Carter kanye noMbhishobhi Omkhulu uDesmond Tutu, kanye nezinhlangano ezifana nomkhankaso wase-U.S. Wokuqeda Umsebenzi Wakwa-Israel. I-Apartheid Wall yakwa-Israyeli engekho emthethweni ibhekene nezinselelo ezivela ekugqugquzeleni umhlaba wonke nangesenzo esiqondile sabasePalestine, ama-Israel kanye nabamazwe ngamazwe ezindaweni ezifana nedolobhana laseWest Bank, i-Bi'ilin, lapho njalo ngoLwesihlanu izishoshovu ezingenalo udlame zibuthana khona ukuze ziphikise uDonga. Izinhlangano ezifana nomkhankaso wase-U.S. Wokuqeda Umsebenzi wakwa-Israel, i-Stop the Wall Coalition kanye ne-BADIL ezindaweni ezithathiwe, i-International Coordinating Network on Palestine kanye nezinye eziningi zisasebenza kulo msebenzi.
Nakuba izinsongo zase-US kanye ne-vetoes zivimbele kakhulu uMkhandlu Wezokuphepha endimeni eyinhloko okufanele uyidlale kulolu daba, ezinye izingxenye zesistimu yeNhlangano Yezizwe zisabambe iqhaza ngokugcwele. Kusukela kumakomiti e-General Assembly avikela amalungelo angenakunqotshwa abantu basePalestine, emsebenzini wesibindi woMlobi Okhethekile Wamalungelo Abantu Ezindaweni Ezihlaselwe UJohn Dugard, kanye nokuhlaziywa kowayemele i-UN ku-"Quartet" u-Alvaro de Soto owadalula i-U.S. ukwesekwa kodlame phakathi kwamaPalestine eGaza, i-UN isalokhu ingumfelandawonye obalulekile. Kunemikhankaso e-U.S., European, Brazilian nezinye izinkantolo eziningi zikazwelonke, kanye naseNkantolo Yobulungisa Yamazwe Ngamazwe, yokuthwesa i-Israel iphendule ngokwephula kwayo. Lezo yizindawo lapho kwenziwa khona ukuthula kwangempela. Kunemizamo yobulungisa bangempela - ngokungafani nanoma yikuphi "ukuthula" okuphuma e-Annapolis, okungenzeka kungabi ngobulungisa noma okuhlala njalo.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela