Umthombo: Counterpunch
Kungaba nzima ukukhomba izwe umengameli walo onegunya lentando yeningi ukwedlula u-Evo Morales. Akekho ongaphikisa ukuthi wawina ngamalengiso emzuliswaneni wokuqala wokhetho lukamongameli lwangomhla zingama-20 kuMfumfu. Ubuyekeze amavoti angama-47% okhethweni ngo-88% wamavoti, njengamaningi ukuvota okubikezelwe. Lokho kuphinda kabili iphesenti levoti elifanelekile elitholwa omongameli base-US ngokuvamile. Ngizosho okwengeziwe ngalokho ngezansi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uqokelwe isikhathi sakhe samanje (esingaphelelwa yisikhathi kuze kube uJanuwari) ngamavoti angama-61% okhethweni olucishe lufane.
"Ukwesula" kukaMorales kwakamuva kufike endaweni yesibhamu. Wabalekela eMexico uhulumeni wakhe owamnika indawo yokukhoseliswa. Amasosha namaphoyisa angakhethwanga bamkhiphele ngaphandle. Ojenene baphumele obala “basikisela” ukuthi asule esikhundleni futhi bobabili amaphoyisa namasosha bakwenza kwacaca ukuthi babengeke bamvikele kubaphikisi abahlomile. Iningi lamalungu kakhongolose akhethwe ngokwentando yeningi asecashile. Njengakuzo zonke izigameko zokuketulwa kwamasosha, iqhamuke nokucinywa kwabezindaba ukuze isize umbutho wezokuvikela ucindezela ngesihluku imibhikisho.
Uma usekela intando yeningi, khona-ke ubiza amabutho ezokuphepha aseBolivia ukuthi avumele uMorales abuye futhi aqedele isikhathi sakhe. Ubacela ukuthi benze umsebenzi wabo, okuwukuvikela bonke abameleli abakhethiwe kanye nelungelo lawo wonke umuntu lokukhuluma ngokukhululeka nokubhikisha ngokuthula. Yilokho kuphela umsebenzi wabo osemthethweni. Kufanele futhi ucele uhulumeni wakho ukuthi wenqabe ukuqaphela noma yiziphi “iziphathimandla” eBolivia ezima endleleni yokubuya kukaMorales futhi ezifuna ukwenza inhlangano yakhe yezombusazwe ibe yicala.
Noma ngabe umongameli udume kangakanani, kuzoba nengxenye yabantu abangamthandi - kanye nengxenye eqinile ezimisele ukuxosha umongameli uma amaphoyisa namasosha ebavumela. Uma ucabanga ukuthi omongameli baseMelika bavikelekile kulesi simo esibi ngenxa yokuthi banegunya elingaphezu kukaMorales ngakho awuliqondi izwe lakini. Iqiniso lokuthi abantu abaqavile kuthiwa bahlukene ngokwepolitiki trump, i-New York Times ibhodi lokuhlela, Futhi I-Human Rights Watch (ngamazinga ahlukene obugwegwe) asize ekusekeleni ukuketulwa umbuso eBolivia kuyinkomba yokuthi ukusekela intando yeningi kungakanani ngempela esikweni lezepolitiki lase-US. U-Alan McLeod wachaza ANO ukuthi abezindaba basentshonalanga benze ingxenye yabo ukusekela ukuketulwa umbuso ngokwenqaba ukukubiza ngokuthi kuyini. Lapha kuyisicelo esiya ku-New York Times siyicela ukuthi ihoxise isihloko esigunyaza ukuketula umbuso.
Kepha akazange yini uMorales enze “izinyathelo ezimbi”?
Ngo-2016, uMorales uzame ukuqeda imingcele yesikhathi ngereferendamu kodwa walahlekelwa ngamaphesenti amabili. Ngemva konyaka kwakhethwa iNkantolo Ephakeme yaseBolivia (okuyinto okhethiwe kuze kube yiminyaka eyisithupha) yanquma ukuthi imikhawulo yesikhathi ayihambisani nomthethosisekelo futhi ngalokho yachitha imiphumela yenhlolovo. Lesi sinqumo besingaphikiswana ngaso, kodwa besingenamandla njengoba bezinjalo izinqumo eziningi zeNkantolo Ephakeme emhlabeni jikelele. ICitizens United ifika emqondweni. Isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme Sanikeza uGeorge W. Bush ubumongameli base-US ngo-2000. Isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme YaseHonduran ngo-2009 akukho emthethweni inhlolovo yemibono engabopheli futhi ngalokho kwaqubula ukuketulwa umbuso kwezempi lapho iHonduras ingakalulami kukho.
Futhi, abantu baseBolivia ababengathandi leso sinqumo babenezindlela eziningi zentando yeningi nezingokomthetho-sisekelo zokusihoxisa. Bangavota eNkantolo Ephakeme entsha (izakhamizi zase-US azikwazi) noma zivele zivotele uMorales nabalingani bakhe esishayamthetho ngaphandle kwesikhundla - abangazange bakwenze.
Uthishanhloko eceleni, ingabe kwakuyisimungulu kuMorales ukugijima futhi? Mhlawumbe, kodwa kulula ukuphakamisa eminye imibuzo yamaqhinga ebaluleke kakhulu.
Kungani evumele abaphathi be-OAS abaxhaswe ngezimali ngu-60% e-US ukuthi babe neqhaza ekuqapheni ukhetho? An ukuhlaziywa yiCentre for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR) ibonise ukuthi i-OAS ayinaso isisekelo sokuphikisa imiphumela. UKevin Cashman unayo ukucaciswa ngokuthi kungani “ucwaningomabhuku lokuqala” olwakhishwa amaviki e-OAS kamuva lwalungenasisekelo ngendlela efanayo.
Akukhona okokuqala abaphathi be-OAS bephikisa ukhetho oluhlanzekile lube nomphumela omubi njengoMark Weisbrot. wabonisa esiZweni. Ngo-2000, it yasiza ngokungafanele ukhetho lwezomthetho eHaiti. Lokho kwasiza ekuthetheleleni unswinyo oluqinile lwase-US olwalandelwa ekugcineni ukuketulwa umbuso kwamasosha okwenziwa yi-US ngo-2004. Kusukela lapho, iHaiti ayikaze ibe nokhetho olukhululekile nolungenzeleli njengalolo eyayinalo ngo-2000. Ngo-2011, i-OAS yaphinde yagadla futhi yashintsha ngokungenakuthethelelwa. imiphumela yokhetho eHaiti.
Kungani uMorales ebavumela ukuthi basondele okhethweni? Ukube akakwenzi lokho bekuyoba izizathu zezitha zakhe - ngokusekelwa uWashington - ukuthi zifuna ukuqola ukhetho. Izijeziso zase-US- ezingadingi izaba ezithembekile noma inhlonipho yomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe - kungenzeka ukuthi zilandele. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubala ukuthi ukuthandwa kwakhe kanye impumelelo esikhundleni kungaba okungaphezu kokwanele ukuqeda inkohlakalo ye-OAS. Uma kunjalo, wayenephutha.
Kungani engazange enze umsebenzi ongcono wokuphatha amasosha? Ngokusobala bekufanele enze kangcono kulokho, kodwa kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ukunyakaza okunjalo kwenziwa kanjani amademoni kwabezindaba zasentshonalanga kanye nezitha zendawo. Lokho bekungaba yiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma ngabe usebenzise ubuchwepheshe baseCuba njengesibonelo. Kuthiwani ngokuhlomisa abalandeli bakhe ezikhungweni zempi? Inkinga efanayo.
Siyinkinga
Yisho umongameli okhethwe ngokwentando yeningi owaketulwa yiqembu elisekelwa yi-US owayengenaphutha ngandlela thize, noma abaphikisi bakhe abakhulu, nakuba kusobala ukuthi babeyidlanzana, abakwazanga ukubeka inqwaba yababhikishi emigwaqweni? Lolo hlu ngokusobala angeke lufake uGoulart, Allende, Aristide, Arbenz, Chavez, Zelaya, nanoma ubani ohlulekile ukuhamba emanzini.
Ukubheka ngobuqotho izingqinamba zamaqhinga ka-Morales kukhombisa ukuthi isiko lezepolitiki lase-US kanye nabalingani bayo abaphezulu yinkinga enkulu ebhekene nanoma iyiphi intando yeningi eGlobal South. Ukuba semthethweni kwentando yeningi kwenza okuncane kakhulu ukukuvikela uma i-US kanye nemishini yayo yenkulumo-ze ikukhombesele ekubhujisweni. Ukuketula umbuso ngokumelene noMorales kufanele kube lula ngendlela emangalisayo kunoma yimuphi "oqhubekayo" ukuphikisa ngokungagodli - futhi ngokuphikisa ngiqonde ukuthi ngifune ukuthi uMorales aqedele isikhathi sakhe. Abantu abamagange ukugqamisa "ukugxeka" kwabo kweMorales kuyingxenye yenkinga.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela