Ngilingeka ukusho ukuthi ukhongolose wase-US u-Alexandria Ocasio-Cortes (AOC) unethalente lokuthola izingxoxo ze-softball kanye nodumo olungangifanele oluvela kumanxele asentshonalanga. Kodwa i-AOC ayinalo ithalenta elinjalo. Iphutha likubaxolisi bakhe abangakwesobunxele.
A ingxoxo abenabo noNoam Chomsky efika emqondweni okwakumjabhisa kakhulu. Sekungamashumi eminyaka u-Chomsky esiza ekuguquleni abantu abafana nami ngezincwadi eziqopha ngokucophelela ubuqaba base-US emhlabeni wonke. Isicaphuna sami esithandwayo sikaChomsky kusukela eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu edlule lapho ethi "Kufanele sizibuze ukuthi yini edingekayo e-United States ukuphikiswa - noma i-denazification." Kodwa ngesikhathi ekhuluma ne-AOC, kungenzeka ukuthi wayengumuntu ongakaze abhale lutho ngobugebengu base-US. Ube kade so kunqunywe ukuhlukumeza i-AOC's ego phakathi nengxoxo yabo ukuthi ubudlova obuqhubekayo base-US emhlabeni jikelele abuzange buvele. Ukuthopha, hhayi ukucindezela, amaDemocrats avela kwesobunxele yilokho uChomsky akholelwa kukho kuleli phuzu, futhi akayedwa.
I-Jacobin ne-Verso Books-affiliated podcast, I-Dig, usanda kunikeza i-AOC ihora lokukhuluma ngeLatin America ngaphandle kokuphonsela inselelo noma yini ayishilo. Kungimangazile ukuthi i-AOC ikhulume kangakanani ngeVenezuela ngoba, kusukela ngo-2019, yena imibuzo ephendukile mayelana neVenezuela ngokumane athi "uzohlehlisa" ukuthandwa nguNancy Pelosi ngalolu daba. U-Pelosi, ongaguquki i-warmonger kanye ne-impiriyali, kwaba ukusekela ngokugcwele ngokuqokwa kukaTrump uJuan Guaido njengomengameli wesikhashana waseVenezuela.
Ngizobheka lokho i-AOC esanda kukusho mayelana neVenezuela neLatin America. Abanxele kufanele bamnikeze i-flack ngakho, hhayi ukuyincoma.
Ukufuduka kwe-AOC's whopper
I-AOC yathi iningi labafuduki emngceleni oseningizimu ne-US bavela eVenezuela - ukuthi "iqiniso" eliyinhloko okumele kwesokunxele likhulume. Akulona nakancane โiqinisoโ futhi elibonisa ukuthi useyigwinye ngokuphelele inkulumo-ze engemihle ngeVenezuela:
โฆ inqwaba yabafuduki abeza e-United States bebeqhamuka eVenezuela futhi uma singazibandakanyi kulelo qiniso sidala isikhala lapho uphiko olulungile lwenze into yaloโฆ.
Uma ubheka iwebhusayithi ye- Amasiko e-US kanye nokuvikelwa komngcele ngeke uthole idatha yokusekela isimangalo se-AOC. Iwebhusayithi ichaza "ukuhlangana" kusho izehlakalo lapho abantu babanjwa khona, bajikiswa noma badingiswa emngceleni. Kusukela ngo-2023, ithi bekunesilinganiso sanyanga zonke โsokuhlanganaโ okungaba ngu-200,000 ngenyanga emngceleni oseningizimu we-USA. Ukuhlangana nabantu abavela eVenezuela kulinganiselwa ku-25,000 ngenyanga - cishe amaphesenti ayishumi nanhlanu engqikithi. IMexico, njengoba noma ngubani okufanele ayilindele njengoba inesibalo esikhulu kakhulu sabantu kune-Venezuela futhi iseduze ne-US, okulinganiselwa ku-70,000 ukuhlangana ngenyanga ngo-2023.
Ukuphendukela kudatha yokukhula kwesibalo sabantu baseLatino abazalelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US kusukela ngo-2013 kuya ku-2021, asikho isisekelo sokuchaza i-US njengegcwele abantu baseVenezuela eminyakeni yamuva. Naphezu kokukhula okusheshayo kwabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe baseVenezuela kungenzeka ukuthi kubangele cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yokwanda kwenani labantu bokufika baseLatino kusukela ngo-2016 lapho ukufuduka kwabantu abaningi besuka eVenezuela kuqala. [1]
I-Ecuador inesigamu sabantu baseVenezuela futhi ikude kakhulu ne-US, kanti nokho abantu bayo abazalelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US namuhla balingana nelaseVenezuela. Ukufuduka kwabantu abaningi besuka e-Ecuador kwenzeke ngeminyaka yawo-1990 nasekuqaleni kwawo-2000 ngaphansi kohulumeni abalungile abanobudlelwane obuqinile ne-US abalandela eduze izeluleko ezilimazayo zezinhlangano ezibuswa yi-US njenge-IMF.
Inkulumo-ze enenzondo eVenezuela ivame ukuhileleka izibalo ezingabazekayo kakhulu futhi eshisiwe ukuze ukufuduka kuphakamise isidingo "sokungenelela kosizo". Isibonelo, emavikini okuqala obhubhane lwe-COVID, owayeyisikhulu seHuman Rights Watch, uTamara Taratiuk (kanye noKathleen Page waseJohns Hopkins University) baxhumanisa ukufuduka kwabantu besuka eVenezuela baye endaweni yase-United States. "usongo lomhlaba wonke" okusolwa ukuthi kuvezwe wuhlelo lwezempilo lwaseVenezuela. Njengoba kwavela, kwakuyimpendulo eyihlazo kubhadane lwase-US kanye nabalingani bayo njengeBrazil nePeru okwagcina ngokubeka usongo lomhlaba wonke. [2]
Ukucatshangelwa kwe-AOC kolaka luka-Obama
I-AOC yayiqinisile ukusho ukuthi unswinyo oluqiniswe ngendlela emangalisayo uTrump aludedela eVenezuela ngo-2017 lubangele ukufuduka. Kodwa wachaza indima ka-Obama ebugebengwini, futhi indima kaGeorge W Bush ayizange ikhulunywe. I-US ibilokhu izama ukuketula uhulumeni waseVenezuela kusukela okungenani ngo-2002. [3]
Ngesikhathi uHugo Chavez eqala ukusebenza ngo-1999, yena yaqeda isimiso sezombangazwe efana naleyo i-US esibe nayo iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu lapho izingxenye ezimbili ze-elite zishintshana ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngo-1999, iVenezuela yayinezinga lobumpofu elingama-50% naphezu kokuba ibikade ingumthengisi omkhulu kawoyela kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1930s - futhi naphezu kohulumeni bayo benobudlelwane obuseduze ne-US (ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka mayelana unswinyo).
Uhulumeni kaHugo Chavez noma uMaduro awuzange uqede ukuphikiswa kwamavukelambuso asekelwa yi-US. Kuyamangaza, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi uJuan Guaido akakaze aboshwe lapho esebenza ngokusobala iminyaka njenge-ejenti evukela umbuso kaTrump eVenezuela. Kuyamangalisa futhi ukuthi u-Chavez wanikeza inqwaba yabahleli bombuso base-US ushwele obanzi ekupheleni kuka-2007. Amazwe okuhloswe ngawo i-US avame ukuvinjelwa kakhulu ekubhekaneni namavukelambuso asekelwa yi-US funa anikeze i-US izaba zokwandisa ulaka lwayo. ngokumelene nabo.
Kodwa ukubekezelela okwedlulele kweVenezuela ukuvukela umbuso okusekelwa yi-US kusukela ngo-2002 akuzange kuvimbele u-Obama ukuthi athi udinga ukuvimba uMaduro. "ukwenza ukuphikisana". U-Obama wahogela igazi ezinkingeni zomnotho zaseVenezuela futhi wafaka unswinyo olungekho emthethweni ekuqaleni kuka-2015 ngokumemezela ukuthi iVenezuela โiwusongo olungavamile ekuvikelekeni kwezwe lase-United Statesโ ohlelweni lokuphatha. UTrump, bese kuba nguBiden, bavuselela umyalo ka-Obama onenkohliso exakile minyaka yonke.
Cabanga ukuthi i-AOC yalucasula kanjani ulaka luka-Obama ngokumelene neVenezuela:
Kwakuyizijeziso, yebo, kodwa babeqondiswe kakhulu kwabathile baseVenezuela ababehamba ngokungafanele ezweni. Zazincane impela.
Akukho โokungenabulungiswaโ mayelana nokubhuntshisa imizamo yokuketula umbuso esekelwa yi-US, futhi ayikho into ebizwa ngokuthi unswinyo โokuhlosiweโ lwase-US. Isazi sezomnotho saseMelika uMark Weisbrot kusho ngo-2016 ukuthi abatshalizimali "bazi ukuthi kwenzekani emazweni abhalwe usongo olungavamile e-United States" futhi waphawula ukuthi u-Obama "uphinde wacindezela izikhungo zezezimali zase-US ukuthi zingenzi ibhizinisi neVenezuela".
Igama lobuchwepheshe elizwakalayo - "ukuthobela ngokweqile" - laqanjwa ukuchaza ukusebenza kahle kwe-mafioso yase-USA ekwenzeni abanye bagweme ukusebenzisana nohulumeni oqondiswe unswinyo lwase-US. Uma isigelekeqe esesabeka ngokwanele sikutshela ukuthi ungathengi ohlwini lwezitolo emgwaqweni othile, abantu abaningi bazowugwema ngokuphelele lowo mgwaqo. Kungani uzinike ithuba?
Enye into edalula inganekwane โyenswinyoโ ekhonjiswa yi-AOC ibhekisa kuhulumeni kaMaduro โnjengombusoโ ngesikhathi se-podcast.
U-Obama usize ekuqiniseni amanga okuthi uhulumeni kaMaduro โuwumbusoโ i-US enelungelo lokuwujezisa. Ngakho-ke uma โumbusoโ ungawi ngaphansi kwengcindezi yase-US, akumangazi ukuthi unswinyo luka-Obama lwaqina kakhulu. Lapho izinkulumo-mpikiswano zezombangazwe ziphonswa ukuqagela kombuso, okuwukuphela kombuzo ukuthi i-US kufanele ijezise kangakanani โimithethoโ efuna ukuyiketula.
Igama olifunayo lithi "impunity"
Ngiyazibuza ukuthi yimuphi uhulumeni wangaphandle i-AOC ecabanga ukuthi unelungelo lokucekela phansi umnotho wase-US ngamabomu ukuze kuketulwe iBiden? Futhi uma izenzo zikahulumeni wangaphandle zibulale izigidi zezakhamizi zase-US, anganeliseka yini ukuthola ukuxolisa "ngokusetha kabusha" ubudlelwano [njengoba esanda kuphakamisa ukuthi i-US inikeze abantu baseLatin America], noma ngabe ufuna izikhulu eziphezulu zalowo hulumeni ziboshwe?
Njengabo bonke abakhululekile, i-AOC ithanda ukusebenzisa ulimi olungenasimilo ukuze yehlisele phansi ubugebengu base-US emaphutheni okufanele ivele ixolise ngawo: "ukungenelela" okuningi "kwakuyinqubomgomo embi".
UJoe Biden (ongu-AOC kuvunyelwe ngoJulayi) nje ukhethwe Elliott Abrams ngomsebenzi kahulumeni ngokwesibonelo. U-Abrams wayengukhiye wokuphatha impi yamaphekula ka-Ronald Reagan ngokumelene neNicaragua ngeminyaka yawo-1980. Noma yimuphi umuntu ohloniphekile futhi onolwazi kufanele acasulwe ukuthi u-Abrams akakaze achithe amashumi eminyaka ejele ngalokho asize amakhasimende ase-US ukuthi akwenze kubantu baseSalvador, baseNicaragua naseGuatemala. Amacala u-Abrams ayebandakanyeka kuwo ngeminyaka yawo-1980 ayengagwegwesi kangangokuthi iNkantolo Yomhlaba yayala i-US ukuthi ikhokhe izinxephezelo zaseNicaragua ngo-1986. Yebo, i-US ayizange ikhokhe, futhi u-Abrams ucebile futhi ukhululekile - njengo-Biden, Kissinger, George W. Bush kanye nazo zonke izigebengu eziphezulu zase-US ezicwilise umhlaba ngegazi.
Ngokuqoka u-Abrams, uBiden unakho, njengenjwayelo, wabukisa ngokungajezisi kwe-US kanye nokwedelela kwakhe noma ubani ngakwesokhohlo se-neocons evuthayo. Manje-ke osopolitiki abakhululekile njenge-AOC, abavumela izimpumputhe ezinjengoBiden noPelosi babe amaqhawe kuma-leftists asentshonalanga?
Kungani udumisa i-AOC?
KuJacobin, uBranco Marcetic wabhala a eside ukuxolisa ye-AOC kanye โNeqembuโ. Ku-Twitter uzishaye isifuba ngokuthi โwenza inoveli futhi wabika, empeleni wakhuluma nezinhlangano zokumela, izinyunyana, izishoshovuโ. Ngamanye amazwi, ukhulume namaqembu ahlukene ahluleke iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ukuthi aphendule umbulali wase-US, noma ukuthola iNicaragua izinxephezelo ebikweletwa kusukela ngo-1986, futhi - ngokumangazayo - la maqembu azikhulule wona kanye ne-AOC. phezu kwesu elihlulekile lokuzama ukuguqula iDemocratic Party.
Kulula kakhulu ukujabula nge-AOC uma uhlala ezweni elicebile futhi ungenandaba nokungajeziswa kwe-US, noma uyeke umqondo wokuyiqeda.
Sekushiwo lokho, ukudumala ngamankululeko afana ne-AOC kungenza abantu bangayinaki ngokuphelele ipolitiki yokhetho. Lokho kuyiphutha elibi eliziba izifundo ezivela eLatin America kuleli khulu leminyaka lapho abantu bevame ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi yokhetho kanye nengekhona yokhetho ukuze babeke abanxele emandleni. Ukhetho lwaseBolivia lwango-2020 luyisibonelo esimangalisayo. Ibanjwe ngaphansi kombuso wobushiqela owawusekelwa yi-US (owathatha amandla ekuketulweni kwamasosha ngo-2019) nokho kwaholela ekutheni iqembu le-MAS libuyele emandleni futhi ngokushesha labeka umashiqela osusiwe, uJeanine รรฑez, ejele.
Olunye uhlangothi olubi abangalushiya abangalulandela ngemuva kokuyeka amaDemocrat โathuthukayoโ ukuqala ukuncela abadlali bangakwesokudla njengoTucker Carlson, futhi ngisho noTrump. U-Ralph Nader - umkhankaso wakhe wokuba ngumongameli wango-2000 waqinisekiswa ngokuphelele ukugxekwa kuka-Obama noBiden - wathatheka kakhulu ngombono ongenangqondo wesokunxele - umfelandawonye wakwesokudla kangangokuba wabhala inoveli enesihloko esithi. โIzicebe kakhulu kuphela ezingasisindisaโ.
Indlela eyodwa noma enye ukungajeziswa kwe-US kuzophela. Indlela efiselekayo iwukuba umhlaba wonke ube namandla ngokwanele ukulwa nolaka lwase-US kuhlanganiswe nokuvela kweqembu eliphiko lwesokunxele eliqine ngokwanele ukuba lisebenze njengabalingani abawusizo kuleso sizathu.
AMANOTHI
[1] Izibalo eziseshadini zibalwe ngokuphindaphinda Izibalo zikaPew kubantu baseLatino abahlala e-US ngephesenti abazalelwa ngaphandle kwase-US Izibalo zango-2013 zitholakele. lapha. Uma ucabanga ukuthi konke ukukhula kwabantu bokufika baseVenezuela abangama-316,400 kwenzeke ngemuva kuka-2016 nokuthi abanye abantu abakhonjiswe etafuleni bakhule ngokulingana kusukela ngo-2013 lapho-ke ukukhula okuphelele kwamazwe asohlwini kusukela ngo-2016 kuzoba ngama-910,083.
[2] Ngokusho kwe- I-Worldmeters Iwebhusayithi iPeru yayingeyokuqala (okungukuthi, okubi kakhulu) emhlabeni ekufeni kwe-COVID ngomuntu ngamunye, i-USA yeshumi nanhlanu, iBrazil yamashumi amabili nanye, i-Ecuador yamashumi amahlanu nesishiyagalombili kanye neVenezuela ikhulu namashumi ayisithupha nanye.
[3] Ukuze uthole imininingwane bheka incwadi engayibhala noJustin Podur: โUsongo Olungajwayelekile: Umbuso WaseMelika, Abezindaba, kanye Neminyaka Engamashumi Amabili Yemizamo Yokuketula umbuso eVenezuela"
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela
1 Amazwana
Izijeziso zase-US azilungile, zilula kanjalo. Izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni wase-US ngeVenezuela azilungile, ziwubugebengu, futhi ziyabulala, zilula futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi njengalokho. Noma yimuphi umuntu onolwazi uyazi ukuthi, okuyinto ngokuvamile thina e-US esingeyona, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu uyisikhulu esiphezulu noma "isakhamuzi esivamile." Sengihlale eLatin America iminyaka eminingi, ngavakashela eVenezuela ngesikhathi uHugo Chavez engumongameli, ngikhuluma iSpanishi, manje ngihlala futhi ngibuka i-US (futhi ngazalelwa lapha), futhi empeleni ngifunde izincwadi ngeVenezuela (ngiyabona ukuthi akusesona isizwe sabafundi). Isihloko sikaMnu. Emersberger sinembile ngokombono wami.