Kutshanje ndiye ndafumana ithuba lokufunda isincoko esigxeka uQoqosho lweNxaxheba kwi-Odessa Steps, enesihloko esithi The Sad Conceit of Participatory Economics. Ukusabela kwam koko kwavela kuyo, ndizama ukulungisa ufundo olungaqhelekanga, ubukhulu becala, kundikhokelela ekubeni ndifune ukubongoza ukuba abafundi bazijongele ngokwabo imodeli. Kodwa amagqabantshintshi ambalwa anokunceda ukukhuthaza abo babone isincoko seSteps besenza njalo.
Kwasekuqaleni ukubhideka kwesi sincoko kukongamela umxholo waso. I-Parecon, njengoko yayibiza ixesha elifutshane, ayisebenzi, njengoko amaNyathelo eqala ngokuthi, "imarike elungisiweyo" - ubuncinane kunye nengqiqo eluncedo yemarike yamagama okanye iguqulwe. Ewe, abantu abakwi-parecon bafumana izinto ezityiwayo, kwaye ezi zinemilinganiselo elinganiselweyo. Kodwa ukuba sithe ukufumana izinto ezinoqikelelo kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yolwabiwo yinkqubo yemarike, kuya kubakho iinkqubo zentengiso kuphela. I-Parecon isebenzisa oko kubizwa ngokuba yisicwangciso sokuthatha inxaxheba - hayi ulwabiwo lwemarike - oluthethathethwano lwezentlalo malunga namagalelo kunye neziphumo ezisekelwe kuqikelelo oluveliswe eluntwini olumele iindleko eziyinyani nezipheleleyo zentlalo zemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Ngokulandelayo iSteps ithi: โUmsebenzi kunye nokutya kuxhomekeke kuwe. Imveliso ilawulwa yimizi-mveliso kunye neendawo zokusebenza eziququzelelwe kwiimanyano zabavelisi. Aba bagqiba ngento abaza kuyivelisa, ngexabiso elingakanani (ixabiso), kwaye ngowuphi ubungakanani.โ Kodwa oku akunakuba kuphosakele ngakumbi. Uqoqosho yimicimbi edibeneyo. Into eyenziwa kwindawo enye iphinda ichaphazele phantse wonke umntu, kuyo yonke indawo. Ukuba ifemu ivelisa umthamo othile weebhayisikile (okanye imijukujelwa yenyukliya), yithi, izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa iibhayisekile (okanye imijukujelwa) azizange zisetyenziswe kwezinye iinkalo, njengezitulo ezinamavili (okanye izindlu). Abantu abanokuthi badle ezinye izinto ezinokuthi ziveliswe endaweni yoko, bayachaphazeleka. Kwi-parecon injongo kukuba umdlali ngamnye kufuneka abe nefuthe kwizigqibo ngokomlinganiselo njengoko ziya kuchatshazelwa ziziphumo zezo zigqibo. Ewe, ngokungaqhelekanga, oku kuthetha ukuba phantse bonke abantu kufuneka babe nempembelelo ethile nakwisigqibo sokuba zingaphi iibhayisekile (okanye imijukujelwa yenyukliya) eveliswa ngumzi-mveliso wam. Ngoko ke, kwi-parecon, abasebenzi emsebenzini abagqibeli ngokuzimeleyo ngento abaza kuyivelisa, njl.njl., kodwa endaweni yoko banelizwi elikhulu, elizilawulayo, elithetha intetho ehambelana neziphumo kubo kulo mba.
USteps uthi, โIlungelo lokutya lifunyanwa ngomsebenzi, uluntu lunika abantu 'izabelo zokusela' njengembuyekezo yomsebenzi. Abantu abakhetha ukungasebenzi abafumani zabelo (nditsho nedole) kwaye abatyi.โ
Ngokwenyani, iparecon inokubonelela ngengeniso encinci nakwabo bagqiba ekubeni abayi kusebenza kwaphelaรขโฌยฆ nangona ndingenzeki ukuba ndibone nasiphi na isizathu sokuyimela loo nto. Kwelinye icala, i-parecon ngokuqinisekileyo iya kubaxhasa abo bangakwaziyo ukusebenza, nto leyo engumcimbi owahluke ngokupheleleyo.
I-Steps ithi, โZingaphi na izahlulo ezisetyenziswayo esizifumanayo kugqitywe ngokuhlangeneyo ngomsebenzi ngamnye ohlelwa ngokwexabiso lentlalontle lemveliso kunye nomzamo ofunekayo; ngokusisiseko okukhona ungabizi ndleko kangako emsebenzini kodwa okukhona kufuneka umgudu ongakumbi, kokukhona unyuka umvuzo, uxolo, 'ukwabelana'.โ
Oku kukwaphosakele. Abantu abakwi-parecon bayavuzwa ngomzamo kunye nokuzincama abakwenzayo. Andazi ukuba iSteps ithetha ukuthini xa ibhekisa emsebenzini. Andifumani ngaphezulu ngokuvelisa izinto ezisebenzisa amagalelo abaluleke ngakumbi. Ndifumana ngaphezulu ukuba ndisebenza ixesha elide, okanye ngakumbi, okanye ndisebenza kwimisebenzi enzima ngakumbi. Oku kuchasene nepropathi evuzayo, okanye amandla, okanye imveliso. Ikwachasene nokuthi abantu bafumana umvuzo nokuba abasebenzi โ nto leyo kum iyinto engaqhelekanga enokuthi ibangele uqoqosho (a) lungabi nayo nayiphi na indlela yokwazi iminqweno yabantu yezinto, kunye (b) no inqanaba lemveliso elinokuthi alinabudlelwane bunzulu kubungakanani bemveliso abantu abanokuthanda xa bethelekiswa nembono yabo yeendleko zemveliso.
USteps uthi, โIimanyano zokunxibelelanisa nokulamla ezibizwa ngokuba zii-Iterative Facilitation Boards (IFBs), ziyakumisela amaxabiso ngokusekelwe kwiindleko zentlalo zokuvelisa izinto kunye nemivuzo esekelwe 'ekungabinamsebenzi' kweentlobo ezithile zomsebenzi kunye neenzame ezibandakanyekayo kwimisebenzi yethu."
Oku mhlawumbi kukungafundi kakuhle okuqondakalayo, kodwa kukude kakhulu kwinyani ye-parecon, kuba ingezizo iibhodi zoququzelelo ezibeka amaxabiso โ yinkqubo yocwangciso, ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amazwi, kukukhethwa kwabasebenzi kunye nabathengi njengoko kubonakaliswe kwiingxoxo zokucwangcisa. Abaququzeleli banempembelelo kuphela ngendlela efanayo njengaye wonke umntu. Ngapha koko, oku kungaqondani, njengabanye abaphakanyiswa ngaManyathelo, kujongwana nabo ngokucacileyo, ngokwenyani kwiindawo ezininzi, kwiinkcazo zeparecon.
Kwisicwangciso esisembindini unazo iibhodi zabacwangcisi abamisela amaxabiso ngokwenene, kunye nezabelo zegalelo kunye nemveliso, njl.njl. Kwiinguqulelo ezikhanyiselwe ngakumbi zoku, banokuvotela uluntu ngezimvo kunye nezinto abazikhethayo, phambi kokuba bathathe isigqibo ngokuyalela kwezoqoqosho. Ndiyayibona indlela aManyathelo anokungayithandi ngayo inkqubo enjalo - njengoko ndingayithandiyo, eneneni ndiyikhabe ngokupheleleyo. Into endingayiqondiyo yindlela iSteps enokufunda ngayo iinkcazo zeParecon kwaye emva koko ichaze njengoko esenza.
I-Steps ithi, "Ukuze kudalwe umgangatho osisiseko wobulungisa, umntu ngamnye ebeya kuba 'nemisebenzi elungeleleneyo', kunye nomsebenzi othile wekaka, umsebenzi othile wengqondo, umsebenzi wezandla njalo njalo, kunye namazinga ahlukeneyo omvuzo."
Kwakhona, oku akuyiyo i-parecon. Ayikokulunga okuphambili okufunwayo, nangona ilukhetho ngokunjalo, kodwa yimeko yeziphumo zokuxhobisa ezilungeleleneyo ukuze kubekho ukuzilawula ngokwenyani - oko kukuthi, ukungabi naklasi.
Kwinqanaba lakhe, iSteps ithi iParecon "ininzi kakhulu kuyo kunale nkcazo imfutshane, kodwa unemigaqo." Ngelishwa, akunjalo. Kweli nqanaba, abafundi beNyathelo abayazi ingqiqo ekhokelayo, okanye amaziko angundoqo, njl. Ngokomzekelo, i-Parecon yinkqubo eyakhelwe ekufezekiseni imveliso, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokwabiwa ngeendlela eziqhubela phambili ubumbano, ukulingana (intsingiselo yomvuzo womzamo kunye nokuzinikela), ukuhlukahluka, kunye nokulawula ngokwakho (oku kuthetha igalelo lokwenza izigqibo ngokomlinganiselo njengoko umntu echaphazelekayo ziziphumo. yezigqibo). Amaziko angundoqo ngabasebenzi kunye namabhunga abathengi anemimiselo kunye neendlela zokuzenzela izigqibo, iindawo zemisebenzi ezilungelelanisiweyo apho umsebenzi ngamnye unomthwalo opheleleyo wemisebenzi ethelekiseka kwimpembelelo yabo ekuxhotyisweni kwabasebenzi njengezakhiwo zomsebenzi wabo bonke abanye abasebenzi, umvuzo womzamo. kunye nokuzinikela oku, ngokomxholo, okuthetha kakhulu ukuba sisebenza ixesha elingakanani kwaye sisebenza ngamandla kangakanani, kunye nocwangciso lothatho-nxaxheba (oluthi, ngokuqinisekileyo, lolona phawu lunzima ukulunika ngokucacileyo). Iimpawu zibalulekile ekususeni kungekuphela nje isiseko solawulo longxowankulu, kodwa kwanesiseko sento ebizwa ngokuba ngumgaqo wodidi lomnxibelelanisi - njengakwi-20% okanye ke ngoko kujongwe kubasebenzi abaxhobisayo kwaye, ngokwenza oko ukongamela enye i-80% zombini malunga nesigqibo. ukwenza impembelelo kunye nokufikelela kwingeniso kunye nobutyebi.
Amanyathelo ayaqhubekaรขโฌยฆโYinkqubo yentengiso entsonkothileyo enokufuna ukuba izigidi zabantu zisebenze.โ
Ngokwenyani, inkqubo yolwabiwo kwi-parecon ayinamakethi konke konke - ndingumthengisi-malike - kodwa inenkqubo engafuni nje izigidi zabantu, kodwa uluntu luphela, ukuba lusebenze. Ewe, kude nokuba yinto engakholelekiyo, yinyani leyo ngoku, ngokunjalo. Uqoqosho lwethu lwangoku lusebenza ngokhetho lwabantu bonke, ngokunjalo. Umahluko endaweni yokufumana nje amaxabiso amiselweyo, uluntu luchaphazela uqingqo-maxabiso olunxulumeneyo, okanye amaxabiso, kwaye ngaloo ndlela into ekhoyo ukuze itye nayo, ngempembelelo efanelekileyo yokuzilawula. Kwaye endaweni yokonwabela iimeko ezingalinganiyo eziqatha kunye neengeniso eziphakamisa abanye ukuba balawule ngelixa abanye bebabeka phantsi, i-parecon populace ithatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokwabiwa kwe-parecon kunye noqoqosho ngokubanzi ngokulinganayo.
USteps uthi, โNgokomzekelo, bekuya kubakho abantu abanokulinganisa ngokwenene ukuba unzima kangakanani na umsebenzi, bewubeka umlinganiselo, ulungelelanisa lo mlinganiselo uthelekiswa nezigidi zabanye, bebala iindleko ezilinganiselweyo โnokungasebenziโ baze bazame ukulungelelanisa amandla okuvelisa kunye nokulungelelana. ukusetyenziswa kwabantu beebhiliyoni ezine okanye ezintlanu kwizigidi zemizi-mveliso.โ Oku, ndiyaqikelela, ngumbandela nje wokungacingi ngemibandela. Uqingqo-maxabiso lwenzeka, ngenye indlela okanye kwenye, kuqoqosho ngalunye. Kwi-parecon kwenzeka ngendlela enobulungisa kunye nokuzilawula. Ewe, emsebenzini abasebenzi bahlula-hlula imisebenzi ibe yimisebenzi elungeleleneyo ukuxhobisa. Oku kwenzeka endaweni yokuba abanini bahlule imisebenzi ibe yimisebenzi engalungelelananga kwiziphumo zokuxhobisa. Akunzima ngakumbiรขโฌยฆkodwa yahluke kakhulu. Amanyathelo yi-anarchist. Ndiyazibuza ukuba ucinga ntoni na endaweni yokuba uluntu ludibane kunye ngeendlela ezisebenzayo zokumisela ngokulinganayo iikhonto kunye nomxholo wobomi babo boqoqosho. Amanyathelo anokufuna ukumangalela ukuba ayinakwenzeka, kodwa ke andiqondi ukuba kutheni kungekho ngxoxo yeenkcazo ezichanekileyo ze-parecon, kunye neyona nto icacileyo enikezelwayo ukwenza imeko enokuthi yenzeke.
I-Steps inolunye uhlobo lweqhinga lokoyikisa: "Qwalasela umzamo omkhulu onokuthi ufune ukwenza izibalo zetriliyoni zolu hlobo kumjikelo ongaphezulu okanye ongapheliyo wamaxabiso kunye nokumiselwa kwemivuzo."
Akukho mjikelo ongenasiphelo wayo nayiphi na into kwi-parecon, ngendlela echazwa ngayo, ngaphezu kokuba oko bekuya kuba yinkcazelo enengqiqo yoko kwenzekayo kulo naluphi na uqoqosho, kubandakanywa nale siphila kuyo ngoku, apho amaxabiso ahambelanayo nawo ahlala eguquguquka.
Amanyathelo athi "Ke cinga ngamandla amakhulu anokuthi asetyenziswe naliphi na iqela labantu elilawula le nkqubo."
Kufana nokuba abo baxhasa i-parecon abaxhalabanga malunga nolawulo lweqela elithile, okanye nokuba nefuthe elingafanelekanga kwiziphumo zolwabiwo-kodwa kunjalo, sinjalo. Yiyo yonke loo ngongoma, enyanisweni. Kodwa sicebisa indlela yokuphumeza ulwabiwo olufanelekileyo nolunqwenelekayo-kodwa akukho mntu unolawulo olungafanelekanga kuso. Amanyathelo ayayihoya le nto.
Amanyathelo athi โCinga ngendlela obuya kuvakalelwa ngayo ukuba igosa elingenabuso lithatha isigqibo malunga nokuba yimalini na le veki isebenzayo, ngakumbi ukuba eso sigqibo sichaphazela indlela otya ngayo, okanye ukuba uyakwazi ukuhlawulela unyango okanye imfundo (ewe, kwi-parecon unayo. ukuhlawulela indlu, ukutya, impilo nayo yonke enye into).
Okokuqala, akukho bureaucrat engenabuso ethatha isigqibo malunga nam okanye ngam, okanye aManyathelo, kwi-parecon. Kodwa, yinyani, kwi-parecon ukuba yimalini na nayiphi na imisebenzi - nokuba ngowam okanye iSteps' - sisiphumo somsebenzi wonke owenziwa luluntu (nto leyo emisela isiphumo sentlalontle esifunyanwa ngabantu). Kwaye kwi-parecon yintoni i-balanced job complex nayo ixhomekeke kungekhona nje kukhetho lwendawo, kodwa kumyinge jikelele. Ngenxa yezi mpawu, endithemba ukuba abantu baya kuzijonga ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi, kwi-parecon umntu ufumana iimeko zokusebenza ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye/okanye umvuzo othe chatha kuphela ngeendlela ezinobumbano ngokwasentlalweni, kwaye angaze alahlekise abanye. . Okunye okungasentla kukuthanda nje, kwakhona, kuba kukhathalelo lwezempilo lwe-parecon ngokuqinisekileyo luya kuba simahla kwaye ngokunjalo imfundo. Enyanisweni, ukufunda akukhona nje simahla, kodwa kuhlala kuhlawulwa, njengomsebenzi oluncedo eluntwini.
Amanyathelo athi, "I-Parecon isebenzisa uqoqosho lwentengiso."
Kukho isahluko seParecon: Life After Capitalism esibhekiswa kwabo bafunda malunga ne-parecon kwaye beze becinga ukuba kunjalo, uqhanqalazo ecaleni, uqoqosho lwemarike. Ndinqwenela ukuba amaNyathelo aphendule kule mpendulo icacileyo yeprophylactic ekubhidekeni kwakhe malunga nolwabiwo.
I-Steps ithi, "Zonke iimarike ziphantsi koluhlu lweempembelelo: ukunikezelwa kweemveliso okanye abasebenzi, iminqweno yabadlali ngaphakathi kuyo, amandla abo ahambelanayo njalo njalo. Njengazo zonke iimarike zinokusetyenziswa kwaye zilawulwe kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kusenokungasoloko kulungile. Iimarike zinamandla okunika amandla ezopolitiko kwabo bazilawulayo. Kwaye elo gunya lezopolitiko linokusetyenziswa ukukhusela okanye ukwandisa ulawulo lwethu kwintengiso. โ
Ukunyaniseka, oku kubhidekile ngaphaya komlinganiselo. Lithetha ukuthini igama elithi imarike kuManyathelo? Ndiyarhana ukuba ithetha indawo okanye uguquko apho ubonelelo luhambelana nemfuno. Oko kunjalo, lulwabiwo, apho imakethi iluhlobo oluthile kuphela. Ukuba imarike yenziwa ukuba ithethe ulwabiwo ngokwelizwi ngalinye, oko kuya kuthetha ukuba lonke uqoqosho, yonke indawo, ngalo lonke ixesha, yayiluqoqosho lwemarike. Iya kuba yinyani. Kodwa eneneni, igama elithi imakethi libhekisa kwimeko apho unikezelo ludibana nemfuno ngokusebenzisa abathengi kunye nabathengisi ngabanye bekhuphisana ngokwahlukeneyo kunye nokuchasayo kwangaphambili. Thenga ngexabiso eliphantsi, thengisa othandekayo. Oku akwenzeki, kwi-parecon, konke konke. Akukho maxabiso emarike kwaye akukho tshintshiselwano lweemarike kwi-parecon. Kukho, nangona kunjalo, njengakulo naluphi na uqoqosho, iinkqubo ezimisela amaxabiso ahambelanayo, njl.n , ibango kucwangciso lothatho-nxaxheba alinakusetyenziswa okanye lijikwe ukuze likhonze iimfuno ezimxinwa zalo naliphi na icandelo. Eli bango akufuneki likholwe nje xa lenziwe, kunjalo. Kodwa kananjalo ayifanele yaliwe ngaphandle kokuqonda isiseko sayo.
I-Steps ithi, "I-pareconomists ithi iingxaki zentlalo ezivela kwimfazwe phakathi kweeklasi (kwilizwe le-parecon, phakathi kombutho wabavelisi, imibutho yabathengi kunye ne-IFBs) ayinakwenzeka."
Ndicinga ukuba Amanyathelo athetha ukucebisa ukuba ngelixa iiklasi zihamba kwi-parecon, kukho into entsha enokwenzeka - abathengi banokuchasa abavelisi - ungalokothi ukhumbule ukuba ngabantu abafanayo kwaye ekusetyenzisweni kwe-parecon kunye nokuveliswa kufakwe ngokucacileyo ngendlela evimbelayo. elinye icala elixhamlayo ngeendleko zelinye โ kwaye abantu abanemisebenzi enento yokwenza noqoqosho nolwabiwo banokuchasa abo banezinye iindidi zemisebenzi. Kwakhona, kwiParecon: Life After Capitalism, isahluko sonke siya kuxoxa ngendlela abo basebenza kwiibhodi zoququzelelo abangenako ukuzikhulisa ngenxa yezikhundla zabo. Ndinqwenela ukuba amaNyathelo anike ingqwalasela kule mpendulo yeprophylactic ekubhidekeni kwakhe.
I-Steps ithi, "Bathetha ukuba kuqoqosho olulungeleleneyo olufana ne-parecon, unokufumana kuphela izabelo zokusetyenziswa okuphezulu okanye amaxabiso aphantsi ngokunyusa ubungakanani bekeyiki, into entle kuba wonke umntu uyazuza akunjalo?"
Enyanisweni, hayi, unokufumana ingeniso ephezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba isabelo esikhulu sentlalontle, ngokusebenza nzima okanye ixesha elide. Amaxabiso asezantsi awangeni koku kwaphela.
Amanyathelo athi - โLe yingxoxo yakudala yongxowankulu ukuba ucinga ngayo. Iingcali zoqoqosho zithi: `Kwi-parecon, wonke umntu ufumana isabelo somvuzo ngokusekelwe kumgudu nokuzincama akuchithayo emsebenzini' (Ewe, Mphathi).โ
Oku kunomdla, ndiyacinga. Okokuqala, akukho ngxowankulu naphi na ocinga ukuba abasebenzi, okanye yena ngokwakhe, bafumana kuphela umvuzo ngokusekelwe kwimigudu kunye nokuzincama abakusebenzisayo emsebenzini. Okwesibini, kutheni le nto ilandela ukuba ukufumana kwam umvuzo ngokusekelwe kwimigudu kunye nokuzincama endikuchithayo kuthetha ukuba ndingaphantsi komphathi othile - kwaye ngubani loo mphathi, kwi-parecon? Akukho nto inikezelwa ngamanyathelo, kuba akukho mphathi kwi-parecon.
Masithi uSteps, mna, kunye nabanye abangamakhulu amabini bavaleleke esiqithini. Kucacile ukuba siza kuhlala ixesha elide, mhlawumbi iminyaka. Izinto kufuneka zenziwe - imililo eyodwa, izindlu, ukutya, ulonwabo, izikolo zabantwana, imithombo yamandla, njl.njl. Ndikhetha ukuba sonke sihlangane kwaye sicinge ngendlela yokwaba imisebenzi ngokulinganayo ukuze sonke sibe nomsebenzi olungeleleneyo olungeleleneyo (ngokulinganayo). ukuxhobisa kunye nokunyusa / ukunyanzelisa) ngomvuzo (oko kukuthi, amalungelo ethu esabelo kwimveliso yentlalontle yethu yonke imisebenzi yethu) ephuma kwimigudu kunye nokuzincama (ukugcina abo bangakwaziyo ukusebenza, abadala kakhulu, bancinci kakhulu, njl. njl.) Ukuba sonke siyavuma. kule, apho kukho umphathi kumxube?
Yintoni eyenza i-Steps ithanda, endaweni yoko. Mhlawumbi ukuba amaNyathelo akhululekile ukuba achithe iintsuku zakhe equbha kwaye ephupha emini, kwaye mhlawumbi ukonwabela ukuzonwabisa okwenziwa ngabanye - kodwa ungenzi namnye umsebenzi onzima nonzima wesiqithi - kunye nokutya kakuhle, nokuba nekhaya njalo njalo. Kakade asinakuyenza loo nto sonke, okanye sife sonke, njengoko kungekho kutya. Ke kutheni amaNyathelo ekwenza oko, ndiyazibuza. Ukuba sonke sithi, hayi, ukuba awusebenzi, awufumani sabelo kwimveliso yemisebenzi yethu โ ingaba singabaphathi beSteps? Ndicinga ukuba, ukuba amaNyathelo afuna ukuyijonga ngolo hloboรขโฌยฆkodwa ngokuqinisekileyo yimbono echasene noluntu kwindlela endizijonga ngayo izinto.
Amanyathelo anokucinga, linda, ngokuqinisekileyo wonke umntu uya kusebenza. Sonke singabantu abanoxanduva. Kulungile, ndiyathanda ukuvuma, ndingahoyi izinto ezichasene noluntu ngokwenyani - nangona ndicinga ukuba kunokubakho abantu abambalwa abanokuthi bahambelane nomsebenzi wabo kunye nokusetyenziswa abakhethe ukukusebenzisa. Ukubeka kakuhle ngakumbi, abantu bazi njani ukuba ungakanani umsebenzi ofanelekileyo? Kwaye bayazi njani ukuba yeyiphi indibaniselwano yemisebenzi ekufuneka beyenze? Kwaye bazi njani ukuba zingakanani na iziphumo eziya kuba sisabelo esifanelekileyo? Oku koko ulwabiwo ludlulisela kuthi. Ngaphandle koqingqo-maxabiso olwenzeka kwizigqibo zethu, asinakuba noxanduva ngokuzenzekela eluntwini nokuba sinqwenela njalo, kananjalo noluntu lwethu oluncinci, okanye olukhulu, alunakwazi ukuba yintoni enokwenziwa ngobuninzi nobutyebi balo. Oku kujongelwa phantsi ngabathetheleli bomntu ngamnye ukwenza nantoni na abayifunayo.
Amanyathelo athi i-pareconists ithi "Ayikho indlela yokuzandisa isiqu sakho okanye iqela ngaphandle kokuxhamla wonke umntu. Ukuze ndiqhubele phambili, imveliso iyonke kufuneka ikhule okanye kufuneka ndichithe umgudu ongakumbi nokuzincama, nto leyo ifanelekile.โ
Ilungile loo nto, siyayithetha loo nto, okanye ndiyayenza, nakanjani na.
Emva koko uSteps uthi: โUbukapitali uthi: โUkuba ndisebenza nzima ndize ndandise ubutyebi behlabathi bubonke, kutheni ndingafanele ndiqhubele phambili, nawe uyangenelwa.โ
Oku kuyamangalisa kum, kuvela kwi-anarchist. Okokuqala, ungxowankulu enyanisweni akufuneki asebenze kwaphela. Yimpahla yakhe edityanisiweyo ukuvelisa ubutyebi abubangayo. Kodwa, ukuba amaNyathelo athetha ngamalungu eklasi yomququzeleli, ewe, angakwazi kwaye athethe, ukuba ndisebenza nzima (okanye ndingasebenzi nzima ngaloo nto) kwaye ndandise ubutyebi obupheleleyo emhlabeni, kutheni ndingafanele ndiqhubele phambili, wena. inzuzo kwakhona. " Kwaye impendulo yethu ithi, kuya kufuneka uxhamle - ngokuchanekileyo ngokuthelekisa umzamo kunye nokuzincama, kodwa hayi ngokulingana nemveliso oyivelisayo. Ngumgangatho owahluke ngokupheleleyo esiwuphakamisayo (iinzame kunye nokuzincama) kulowo ucetywa ngoongxowankulu (ipropati kunye namandla) kunye nabaququzeleli abayiphakamisayo (imveliso kunye namandla). Konke oku kujongwe ngokweenkcukacha ezinkulu kwinkcazo-ntethoรขโฌยฆke ndiyamangala ukuba kutheni i-Steps ingayihoyi into ethethwayo. Anditsho ukuba kufuneka avumelane nokuziphatha okanye uqoqosho lwethu, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka aphendule kumxholo wokwenene. Ngamafutshane, ingxoxo ye-parecon yeyokuba isiphumo esivuzayo sivuza i-endowment yemfuza, ithamsanqa leemeko kunye nezixhobo, kunye nezinye izinto ngokunjalo, akukho nanye ekufuneka ivuzwe ukuze ivelise imveliso yentlalo kwaye zonke ezisilelayo ukunika umvuzo ngezizathu zokuziphatha. . Ngeziphumo zenkuthazo kunye neziphumo ezifanelekileyo zokuziphatha, umgudu ovuzayo kuphela kunye nokuzincama kunengqiqo.
Andikwazi kwakhona ukuxela ukuba ngawaphi amaNyathelo - i-anarchist - angayithandiyo malunga noku. Ngaba uthi ucinga ukuba abadlali bezoqoqosho kufuneka bahlawulwe ngenxa yeziphumo zabo - ukuze iimbaleki ezinkulu, abapeyinti, oogqirha botyando, okanye nantoni na - kufuneka babe zizityebi? Ukuba akunjalo, yintoni ingxaki, ndiyazibuza?
Kweli nqanaba, iNyathelo zihamba okwexeshana ukuya kwindawo yenkcazo engenamsebenzi kwi-parecon kangangokuba ndicinga ukuba ukuphendula ngokweenkcukacha, njengoko bendisenza apha ngasentla, akukho ngqiqweni.
Emva kwexesha, nangona kunjalo, iSteps ibuyela kwisihloko kwaye ithi, "I-Parecon ingaphakathi kuyo indawo yokungalingani okukhulu kuba ivumela abantu ukuba baqokelele ubutyebi ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nokukhusela kwayo kuphela kubantu okanye amaqela athatha ulawulo lwamacandelo ezoqoqosho kunye nokusebenzisa. oko ukuze kungenelwe bona kukuba abanye bethu asibavumeli.โ
Kwakhona, ngaba oku malunga ne-parecon? Okokuqala, ufumana umvuzo ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngokuqinisekileyo. Yiyiphi enye indlela? Ufumana unyaka omnye, hayi le mithathu ilandelayo, emva koko ibe mibini, hayi emine elandelayo? Ngaba ungagcina kwingeniso kulo nyaka kwixesha elizayo-ungawusebenzisi wonke lo nyaka, kodwa ukhetha ukulinda kude kube ngunyaka ozayo okanye unyaka olandelayo? Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo unako. Ungaboleka nakwixesha elizayo ngoku. Yintoni ingxaki ngaloo nto, ukuba yile nto iSteps ibhekisa kuyo?
Ngokuphathelele amaqela athatha ulawulo kuqoqosho - ngawaphi amaqela? I-WHO? Ukuzikhusela kule nto kukuba akukho zikhundla zokulawula kuqoqosho, kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho umgaqo-nkqubo wokuthintela ukuphulwa okunjengobusela, ukubulala, okanye ukuhlala kunye nokubaleka kumzi-mveliso. Alukho ulawulo lokuthatha, kwi-parecon, ngaphandle kokulinganisa ukuzilawula ngokwakho. Kodwa mhlawumbi amaNyathelo abuza ukuba, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iqela leeloon lidibana kwaye ligqibe ekubeni ligrogrise uluntu, njengeMafia, luphanga ubutyebi? Phendula, (a) eneneni kunzima kakhulu ukwenza nakwithiyori kwi-parecon, njengoko iingxoxo ezicacileyo zobusela zibonakala, kodwa, ukongezelela (b) inkqubo yezopolitiko iyaphendula, kwaye, ewe, ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iindlela upolitiko onokuthi uzenze. ukuqesha ukujongana nokuziphatha okuchasene noluntu yinto ebalulekileyo ukuyenza, ndiyavuma - kodwa ayiyonxalenye yokuchaza uqoqosho olutsha ngokwalo.
USteps uthi, โKwi-parecon society, amabhunga abasebenzi kunye neemanyano zabakhiqizi zilawula iindlela zokuvelisa; Ngapha koko, ziphethe imigodi, imizi-mveliso neenkqubo zothutho.โ
Ukubhala ngokwahlukileyo, abantu balawula ubomi babo. Kulungile. Kodwa abasebenzi-mgodini abasigqibeli ngento eyenziwa yimigodi โ enganxulumananga neminqweno kunye nokukhethwa kwabo bababonelela ngamagalelo abo kwaye basebenzise iziphumo zabo, kakade.
USteps uthi, "Iimanyano zikhona, ngokuyinxenye, ukufumana elona xabiso liphezulu ezinokulifumana ngomsebenzi wamalungu."
Oku, kwakhona, u-zero unento yokwenza ne-parecon. Akunjalo. Ayinantsingiselo nakwiparecon.
I-Steps ithi, โUkuphinda-phindwa phakathi kwabathengi, umvelisi kunye nomnxibelelanisi kunokuba lula ukuba kube luthethwano apho ukulawulwa kwamandla emveliso kunokusetyenziswa ukurhweba ngezabelo zokusetyenziswa (imivuzo) kunye nokuthengisa amaxabiso ezantsi. Abathengi basenokukwazi ukukuchasa ukunyuswa kwamaxabiso ezinto 'zobunewunewu' kodwa kuthekani ngesonka?โ
Ndicebisa abafundi bolu hlaziyo bathathe ikopi yeParecon: Ubomi Emva kobungxowankulu, kwaye uyinike ifunde. Zibonele, yimpendulo yam ephambili.
USteps uthi, โAbantu abaninzi abathabatheke yi-parecon bayabuza ukuba ingaba ukho urhulumente olawula yonke le nto? I-Pareconomists iphendula ngelithi urhulumente ukhona ukulungisa intsilelo okanye ukubonelela ngempahla (njengokhuselo lwelizwe okanye ukhathalelo lwempilo) apho iimarike zingalunganga ekuboneleleni ngazo.โ
Ngokwenyani, abanye abaxhasi be-pareconist banokuthi - ndingatsho, ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, oko, nge-caveats kunye nokunye okuninzi endinokukuthetha - ubuncinane malunga norhulumente kuqoqosho longxowankulu. Kodwa akukho pareconist onokuyithetha malunga nepolitiki kuluntu olune-parecon. Kungenxa yokuba (a) uluntu olunjalo aluyi kuba nazintsilelo zemarike kuba belungayi kuba neemarike, kwaye (b) uqoqosho luya kukhathalela iimpahla zikawonke-wonke kunye nentlanganisela.
Into thina okanye mna ebesiya kuyithetha, endaweni yoko, malunga nopolitiko oluya kusebenza kakuhle kuluntu olune-parecon kukuba kulo naliphi na uluntu kukho imisebenzi yezopolitiko eyimfuneko nefunekayo enxulumene nokufika kwizithethe ekwabelwana ngazo (umthetho), ukujongana neengxabano kunye izenzo ezichasene noluntu (ukugweba) kunye nokuphuhlisa nokwenza iiprojekthi ekwabelwana ngazo (ukuphunyezwa) kunye nokuba kuluntu olulungileyo ipolitiki - okanye urhulumente ukuba uyathanda - ngethemba uya kuyifeza le misebenzi ngeendlela ezithi ziqhubele phambili izithethe esizixabisayo ezifana nobumbano, ukulingana, iyantlukwano, ukuzilawula, kwaye mhlawumbi siyakongeza kolu luhlu, kulo mzekelo, ubulungisa. Ndicebisa abafundi ukuba bajonge umsebenzi kaStephen Shalom ngalo mbandela, ofumaneka kwicandelo le-Life After Capitalism le-ZNet (www.zmag.org).
Ndicinga ukuba i-Steps iyasiqonda esi simo sikhankanywe ngasentla kwaye ithi, โKwihlabathi eligqibeleleyo le-parecon, ezi mpahla zinokubonelelwa ngomanyano lwabavelisi. Kodwa kusekho imfuneko yokuba amaziko ezopolitiko enze izigqibo malunga noku: `imfazwe noxolo, nokuba iziyobisi zisemthethweni okanye akunjalo, iyakuba yintoni imigaqo neenkqubo zenkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho, umgaqo-nkqubo wokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe, njl. Kodwa ke uyaqhubeka esithi, "Ii-Pareconomists zikholisa ukuxoxa ukuba amanqanaba ezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho aya kwahluka kakhulu."
Kwaye eneneni, hayi, sikwenza kucace gca ukuba ipolitiki kunye noqoqosho luya kuba nefuthe kwaye luchatshazelwe ngomnye, kwaye sithetha ngendlela. Umzekelo, umgaqo-nkqubo uya kudala imimiselo ekufuneka uqoqosho luhambe ngayo- kwaye i-parecon iya kudala imeko apho ipolitiki inokubambelela kuphela xa ithobela ulawulo lobuqu, njl.
Kweli nqanaba kwakhona, i-Steps iphuma ngokujikelezayo, kude ne-pareconรขโฌยฆkwaye ukuphendula kubonakala kungafunekiyo. Ukuthi abameli be-parecon bangazinaki izifundo ze-revolution yaseRashiya ukuba i-elite inokulawula yinto nje engabhekiseli kwi-parecon, okanye lo mthetheleli wayo (ebhale iincwadi ezipheleleyo malunga nesihloko), ukuba kunzima ukuba ndithathe nzulu." โฌยฆukunyaniseka.
I-Steps ithi, "I-Parecon yinkqubo apho unyanzeliswa ukuba usebenze kwinkqubo elawulwayo ye-parecon."
Ewe, ukuba uhlala kwibutho labantu elinoqoqosho, unokuba nenxaxheba kolo qoqosho, okanye ukhetha ukungathathi nxaxheba kulo. Beka ngolu hlobo, intsingiselo efanayo inencasa eyahlukileyo, akunjalo? Ngamanye amazwi, oku akusiyo i-parecon feature - yinxalenye yobomi bentlalo.
"Nantoni na ihamba" ayinakwenzeka - kwaye ayifanelekanga - njengesikhokelo sombutho wentlalo. Singabantu zentlalo, kunye neenzuzo kunye noxanduva ngenxa yaloo nto. Inkululeko kum ilungile kwaye iyanqweneleka de inkululeko yam ithethelele ukuba ube nenkululeko elinganayo. Nantoni na eya kum ibingahambelani nayo yonke into eya kuwe nakwabanye abantu. Nantoni na yam ngamanye amaxesha iya kungqubana nantoni na yakho. Yiyo loo nto sinoluntu, xa sithetha ngokubanzi. Ubhalo olukhulu, kuqoqosho, ndicinga ukuba ngamnye unenkululeko ngokuhambelana nabanye abanomgangatho ofanayo wenkululeko, kukhokelela kwi-parecon.
Amanyathelo athi, "Abaphathi beofisi bamisela ixabiso lomsebenzi owenzayo kunye nomvuzo owufumanayo ngaloo msebenzi."
Oku kububudenge, kunjalo. Ixabiso lomsebenzi โ oko kukuthi, imveliso yawo โ limiselwa yinkqubo yocwangciso iphela njengoko ibonakalisa izinto ezikhethwa ngabantu. Into oyifumanayo ngomsebenzi ngumsebenzi womzamo kunye nokuzincama owuchithayo, ujongwe ngamabhunga abasebenzi. Oko kukuthi, ujongwe nguwe kunye nabalingane bakho osebenza nabo.
Amanyathelo athi "Bakwalawula amaxabiso kunye neendleko kuwe zezinto ozidingayo."
Kwakhona bubuxoki. Azikho. Amanyathelo alatha kuphela kubasebenzi bebhodi yokuququzelela - abantu abanezakhiwo zemisebenzi ezilungeleleneyo kunye nemivuzo njengaye wonke umntu, kwaye umsebenzi wabo webhodi yokuququzelela ungabandakanyi ukwanda kwimpembelelo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo kwiziphumo ezihambelana nezabanye abantu. Jonga iinkcazo ze-parecon ngokwakho, nceda, ukwenza isigqibo.
Ngokunyaniseka, ndicinga ukuba ukulandela iminqweno yeNyathelo kunye neenkxalabo kodwa ukujongana neemfuno zesakhiwo ukuzibonakalisa kuya kukhokelela kwi-parecon. Ndithetha loo nto. Kwaye ngenxa yoko into endiyifumanisa ingaqhelekanga malunga neengxoxo zeNyathelo kukuba ndicinga ukuba Amanyathelo, anikwe iminqweno yakhe kunye notyekelo, kufuneka athande iParecon. Mhlawumbi ngenye imini siya kufumana incoko ethe ngqo kwaye ngendlela yayo mhlawumbi ikhawuleze ngokubhideka okanye sifumanise ukuba ngenene kukho iyantlukwano enkulu.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela