I-American Council of Security Council Resolution eSomalia ngoDisemba 2006 yalungiselela uhlaselo lwase-Ethiopia eSomalia. Esi sigqibo sigunyazise ukuthunyelwa komkhosi weManyano ye-Afrika, ngaphandle kwe-Ethiopia, iKenya, ne-Djibouti ekuthatheni inxaxheba kulo mkhosi ngenxa yokungqubana kwemidla yabo kwimicimbi yaseSomalia. Ngaphandle komyalelo ocacileyo ovela kwiBhunga loKhuseleko urhulumente wase-US wanika i-Ethiopia ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukuba ihlasele iSomalia. Utyelelo oluyekiswayo eMogadishu, phantsi kolawulo lwase-Ethiopia, nguSekela Nobhala welizwe laseMelika kwiMicimbi yase-Afrika, uqhushumbo lwasemoyeni lwase-US kwiilali ezisemazantsi eSomalia, kunye noqinisekiso lokuba imikhosi yase-US kunye ne-UK kunye namajoni ase-Ethiopia asebenze ne-Ethiopia kulo nyaka uphelileyo. Intsebenziswano yaseWashington kunye neAddis Ababa kwasekuqaleni. Ezi ntshukumo zithe ngqo zaseMelika kunye nezo zommeli wayo ziphinda zibonisa ukungakhathalelwa kwegunya lehlabathi kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Indelelo enjalo ithumela umyalezo onokuthi ulungile kungakhathaliseki ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwawo akukho mthethweni kangakanani na. Ukongeza kuhlaselo lwaseMelika/lwase-Ethiopia ngokuchasene neSomalia, iinkosi zemfazwe eziye zagrogrisa abantu baseSomalia, ngaphambi kokuba iManyano yeeNkundla zamaSilamsi ibagxothe, babuye nentsikelelo yase-Ethiopia. Olu phuhliso lulijongela phantsi ngokupheleleyo ibango laseMelika lokuba ngumhlobo wedemokhrasi kwiLizwe leSithathu. Eli nqaku lifutshane lomhleli liphonononga iinkxalabo ezine: a) kutheni urhulumente waseMelika evuma uhlaselo olungekho mthethweni lwe-Ethiopia; (b) kutheni ixhasa urhulumente wenguqu waseSomali onamahlelo anzulu norhwaphilizayo ebimcekisa kude kube kutshanje; (c) kutheni kuthe cwaka nje malunga nokubuyiswa kweenkosi zemfazwe emva kweetanki zase-Ethiopia ukuba iintetho zayo ngedemokhrasi zinembuyekezo; (d) nokuba konke oku kungathetha ntoni kubantu baseSomalia nakumfanekiso waseMelika kulo mmandla.
IGenesis yeNgxaki
Ibali laseSomalia laqala malunga nama-37 eminyaka eyadlulayo xa umkhosi wobhukuqo-mbuso wabhukuqa urhulumente wokugqibela owayenyulwe ngokwentando yesininzi ngo-Okthobha ka-1969. ISomalia eyayiyeyona yayilelona lizwe lolawulo lwentando yesininzi e-Afrika yanikezela kubhukuqo-mbuso lomkhosi. Ulawulo lomkhosi lwajongela phantsi lwaze lwatshabalalisa amaziko edemokhrasi awayesandul' ukusekwa kunye neenkonzo zoluntu ezisebenza ngokulinganayo. Ngaphezu koko, urhulumente waphuhlisa inkqubo yehlelo eyaye yafaka ipolitiki ngakumbi umahluko womlibo phakathi koluntu njengoko yayisahlula abemi baba ngabahlobo neentshaba, yaza yawonga amahlakani ayo ngeli lixa isohlwaya uluntu luphela ilugqala njengoluchasene nolawulo. Le mfazwe echasene namacandelo amaninzi abemi yaphelisa ukuzithemba koluntu kumaziko karhulumente kwaye ulawulo lomthetho lwaba lulawulo lwendoda ephethe umpu. Urhulumente wasemkhosini wajika urhulumente walutshaba lwabantu kwaye uninzi lwabemi bahlukana nemicimbi yoluntu. Abemi baseSomalia abangachaphazelekanga boyisakala ukuququzelela intshukumo yesizwe yokususa ubuzwilakhe kulawulo. Endaweni yoko baye baba ngamajoni ahamba ngeenyawo amalungu angaziwayo e-elite ne-ajenda yawo yayiqhutywa ngamabhongo obuqu endaweni yenjongo yesizwe. Amalungu aphikisayo odidi oluphezulu aguqukela ekunyanzeliseni njengeyona ndlela ayithandayo yokuqubisana norhulumente kwaye ahlanganisa abantu ngokwesiseko somlibo wokuzalwa endaweni yokuba ngabantu basekuhlaleni okanye inkqubo yezopolitiko. Iziphumo zeqhinga lenkcaso yaba kukudlala ezandleni zorhulumente ngokwamkela iqhinga elifanayo. Oko kuhlanganisana kwezopolitiko okusekwe kumnombo nako kuqhekeze amaqela ahlukeneyo akumgangatho ophezulu abe ziintshaba kunokuba abe ngamahlakani. Ngenxa yoko, ubomi borhulumente bandiswa malunga neshumi leminyaka ngenxa yobuthathaka benkcaso eqhekekayo. Xa lo rhulumente wada wawa phantsi kobunzima bakhe, kwakungekho mandla ezopolitiko akhoyo ukuze abambe ilizwe ndawonye phantsi kwegunya elinye. INkulumbuso yokuqala kurhulumente wasemva komkhosi wayalela intsalela yomkhosi wesizwe ukuba inikezele kwimikhosi yamajoni kwaye oku kwaba sisenzo sokugqibela sokubulala ngokwenene ilizwe laseSomalia.
Iinkosi zemfazwe kunye noozwilakhe njengabameli
Ngokuwohloka korhulumente ngoJanuwari 1991, iSomalia yaba lilizwe lokuqala kwimbali yanamhlanje ukuba lilizwe elingenalizwe. Ngenxa yoko, ukuchasโ umthetho kwagquba ilizwe yaye amajoni awayezulazula ayegrogrisa abemi. Kwisithuba esingaphezulu konyaka emva kokuba urhulumente echithakele, ungquzulwano olunobundlobongela phakathi kwamaqela amabini akhuphisanayo eMogadishu olwathi ekugqibeleni lwakhokelela ekubeni elinye lawo lisebenzise ukutya njengesixhobo ngokuchasene nabemi abasesichengeni kumazantsi-ntshona elizwe kufutshane neBaidoa. Amafama kulo mmandla awakwazanga ukulima amasimi abo ngenxa yoloyiko olubangelwa yimigulukudu kunye nabaphathi bemfazwe bevala ukuthunyelwa kokutya kummandla amawaka abantu aqala ukumosha kancinci kancinci. Ngexesha amajelo eendaba ephawula le ngxaki indlala eyoyikekayo yayigquba yaye amashumi amawaka abantu ayegwetyelwe ukufa ngabom ngenxa yendlala. IZizwe eziManyeneyo ezazineqela elincinane labagcini boxolo azizange zikwazi ukususa izihange ezindleleni ukuze zizise uncedo lokutya kwabasweleyo. Iimeko zobomi zaba mbi kangangokuba uMongameli uBush wokuqala washukunyiselwa ukuba enze okuthile kwaye wayalela amawaka emikhosi yaseMelika ukuba ingene eSomalia ukuze ivule iindlela ukuze uncedo lokutya olungxamisekileyo lufikelele ebantwini. Amajoni akwazile ukuwenza lula lo msebenzi kwaye ngenxa yoko amashumi amawaka obomi basinda. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukwakha kwakhona urhulumente waseSomalia ukusuka ekuqaleni kwakunzima kakhulu, naphantsi kwezona meko zintle, kodwa umkhosi wase-US/UN wawunomyalelo ongachazwanga kakuhle kwaye wacela iingcebiso ezimbi malunga nezizathu zokuqhekeka kweSomalia. I-ajenda yaseMelika / ye-UN yokwakha ngokutsha urhulumente yayingahambelani kwaye ikhokelele kwi-fiasco apho amajoni angama-18 aseMelika abulawa ngamajoni yenye yeenkosi zaseMogadishu. Ngelo xesha uMongameli omtsha waseMelika, uClinton, wayeshukunyiswe sesi siganeko sisodwa kangangokuba wayikhupha imikhosi yaseMelika eSomalia. Ezinye izizwe ezazinikele ngemikhosi kweli phulo kunye ne-UN yalandela yaza iSomalia yashiyelwa kwiinkosi zemfazwe.
Ubugrogrisi be-Warlord yaba yinto yosuku ukusukela ngo-1995 kwaye iinzame ezininzi zokuseka urhulumente welizwe aziphumelelanga. Eyona nzame ithembisayo kulo mba yayikwilizwe lasebumelwaneni lase-Djibouti apho abameli phantse bawo onke amaqela oluntu lwaseSomalia bamenywa ngo-1999 ngaphandle kweenkosi zemfazwe. Le nkomfa yakhokelela ngempumelelo ekusekweni koRhulumente weNguqu weSizwe (TNG). Nangona kunjalo, urhulumente wase-Ethiopia oye waxhasa uninzi lwabaphathi bemfazwe, ngakumbi uMnumzana Abdullahi Yusuf, kwaye wabanikezela ngezixhobo kwiminyaka edlulileyo akazange avuyiswe malunga nethemba lomyalelo woluntu kwaye wasebenza ngokuchasene nawo kwasekuqaleni. Ukudityaniswa kwembubhiso yase-Ethiopia kunye nokungabi nabuchule kweenkokheli zaseSomalia kunye nokuziphatha okubi kutshabalalisa eli thuba lixabisekileyo. Ngaxa lithile uMphathiswa wezangaPhandle wase-Ethiopia waxelela umphathi we-TNGรขโฌโขs Foreign Affairs ukuba i-Ethiopia iya kukwazi ukuxhasa urhulumente waseSomalia phantsi komqathango wokuba ihlakani labo, uMnu. Yusuf, wonyulwa njengenkulumbuso. Umphathiswa wase-Ethiopia akazange avuyiswe xa exelelwa ukuba uxanduva lokutyumba kunye nokuqinisekisa i-PM lulele kumongameli kunye nepalamente. Ngeli xesha, i-Ethiopia yasebenzisa impembelelo yayo yezozakuzo e-Afrika nakwezinye iindawo ukubiza enye inkomfa yoxolelwaniso yaseSomaliya ngesizathu sokuseka โurhulumente oqukayoโ ngeli lixa iqhubeleka nokubonelela abaphathi bemfazwe ngezixhobo. Esi siphakamiso samkelwa yi-Arhente ye-Intergovernmental Agency kuphuhliso (IGAD) kwaye kwaqala enye inkqubo yoxolelwaniso apho abalamli (i-Kenya ne-Ethiopia) babethanda ngokuphandle iinkosi zemfazwe. Emva kweminyaka emibini yeengxoxo zokuzenzisa inkomfa yafikelela esiphelweni ngaphandle koxolelaniso phakathi kwamaSomaliya. Urhulumente wase-Ethiopia uzifezekise ngempumelelo iinjongo zakhe zokuchitha ixesha eliseleyo le-TNG, wenza ukuba iinkosi zemfazwe zonyule amalungu epalamente angaphezu kwesibini esithathwini, kwaye ekugqibeleni waphumelela ukuba abathengi bakhe bakhethwe njengomongameli kunye nenkulumbuso.
Umgaqo-nkqubo waseMelika, ngexesha leminyaka emibini yothethathethwano eKenya, ubonakaliswe kukungakhathali ngeyona ndlela kunye nenkxaso efihlakeleyo yolawulo lweenkosi zemfazwe kwinkomfa. Eyona nto iphambili, abameli base-US eKenya bajonge inkqubo bevela ecaleni kwaye babonakala benyanyiswa ngumgangatho wemveliso ngendlela yoRhulumente weTransitional Federal (TFG). Phantse iminyaka emibini emva kokusekwa kweTFG urhulumente waseMelika wahlala engenamdla kwimicimbi yeTFG. Endaweni yoko ixhase ngezimali ukusekwa รขโฌลimanyano yokulwa nobugrogrisiรขโฌ equka kwawona magorha emfazwe aye angcungcuthekisa abantu isithuba seminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Injongo yaseMelika ekuxhaseni iinkosi zemfazwe yayikukugqogqa abantu abathathu abatyholwa ngokubandakanyeka kuhlaselo loonozakuzaku base-US eKenya naseTanzania ngo-1998 nababecingelwa ukuba bazimele ndaweni ithile kumazantsi eSomalia. Ikhontrakthi yabaphathi-mfazwe kunye neCIA ikwaquka ukubamba okanye ukubulala abo babethathwa njengamaSilamsi aqatha. Iprojekthi yenkosi yase-Amerika yabuyela umva njengoko uninzi lwabemi baseMogadishu bema ngakwicala leenkokheli zamaSilamsi kwaye bagxotha abaphathi bemfazwe. Abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo baseMelika boyika ngokusekwa kweManyano yeeNkundla zamaSilamsi (UICs) kunye nokukhululwa kweMogadishu kunye nommandla oyingqongileyo kwingcinezelo yeenkosi zemfazwe. Kungekudala emva kokuba ii-UICs zithathele iintambo eMogadishu abaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo abaphezulu baseMelika baqala ukuthetha โngorhulumente welizwe lonkeโ waseSomalia kwaye basebenzise ngokukhutheleyo ubuzakuzaku baseMelika kunye nezinye izixhobo ukunika intlonipho kwinto ebikade icinga ukuba ngumsebenzi ojongelwa phantsi. Ngeli xesha, i-Ethiopia yavula umatshini wayo wokusasaza kwaye yatyhola iinkundla ngokuzama ukuseka urhulumente wobufundamentali ebibanga ukuba iza kulubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lwayo nangona iSomalia ingenamkhosi. Ngoko nangoko yathumela โumkhosi wokhuseloโ kumxhasi wayo urhulumente waseSomalia okwiziko lengingqi yaseBaidoa. Njengoko iiNkundla zisasaza ukufikelela kwazo kwiindawo ezininzi ezisemazantsi eSomalia, i-Ethiopia yonyusa ubukho bayo bomkhosi e-Baidoa baba ngamawaka aliqela axhobe kakhulu. Urhulumente wase-US ulukhuthaze olu hlaselo kwaye wasebenzisa isihlunu sakhe sozakuzo ukukhusela i-Ethiopia ekugxekweni ngamazwe. Umatshini odibeneyo we-American-Ethiopian propaganda wagqiba ukunyanzeliswa kweenkundla njengombutho we-fundamentalist kwi-cahoots kunye ne-Al Qaida. Lo mzamo udibeneyo wakhokelela ekubeni urhulumente wase-US axhase ngenkxaso-mali kwisigqibo seBhunga lezoKhuseleko, ngo-1725, elayalela ukuba kuthunyelwe umkhosi weManyano ye-Afrika eSomalia ngenjongo yokukhusela i-TFG nokuzinzisa ilizwe. Amanye amazwe kwiBhunga lezoKhuseleko anyanzelisa kwaye aphumelela ukuba loo mazwe abelana ngomda neSomalia kufuneka angabi yinxalenye yomkhosi wase-Afrika. I-Amerika ne-Ethiopia zazinexhala lokuba iiNkundla zisenokubhukuqa umxhasi wazo e-Baidoa phambi kokuba kubekho umkhosi weManyano ye-Afrika. Ngenxa yoko, iWashington yanika i-Ethiopia ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukuba ithathe iiNkundla kwaye ihlasele ngokuphandle iSomalia, ngokuchasene nemigaqo yeSigqibo seBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN. Uhlaselo lwase-Ethiopia eSomalia lwafezekiswa kwiiveki ezine emva kokuba isigqibo se-UN siphunyezwe iziGqibo ezibini zeBhunga lezoKhuseleko le-UN. Iinzame zamanye amalungu eBhunga lezoKhuseleko lokufuna ukurhoxa kwe-Ethiopia ziye zavalwa ngurhulumente waseMelika. Ngelixa uninzi lwabahlalutyi besazi ukuba iMelika yayibandakanyekile kuhlaselo, yayikukusebenzisa amandla omoya aseMelika ngokuchasene neelali ezikuMazantsi eSomalia ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari ka-2007 okwaqinisekisa ukuba i-US ibandakanyeka kangakanani. Bamalunga nama-73 abantu ababehambahamba kunye nemfuyo yabo babulawa luhlaselo lwasemoyeni kwaye akukho namnye owakha wayigxeka ngokuphandle le mpatho, kuquka ne-AU.
Umceli weTranny ngokuchasene neLifa eliZimelayo
Urhulumente waseSomalia "osemthethweni" wamazwe ngamazwe weza eMogadishu, ikomkhulu laseSomalia, ngenqwelo-ntaka yomkhosi wase-Ethiopia egadwe yimikhosi yase-Ethiopia. Uhlaselo lwamaTiyopiya lwabuyisela iinkosi zemfazwe ezoyiswa ziiNkundla zaza ezi zamva zathabatha ubukhosi bazo bangaphambili. Ezinye iindlela zaseMogadishu ziphinde zaneendawo zokuhlola eziphethwe zizigebenga eziselula. Akuqinisekwanga ukuba iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani na amagorha emfazwe kunye ne-fiefdoms yabo kodwa kuyacaca ukuba ukungakhuseleki kubuyile esixekweni nakwilizwe. Isibhengezo somthetho wemfazwe yi-TFG nge-13 kaJanuwari ka-2007 inika amandla amakhulu kumongameli we-TFG owaziwayo ngokuziphatha kwakhe ngokwesini kunye nezenzo zobuzwilakhe. Ubunkokeli obunjalo abukho buhle esixekweni nakwilizwe, kwaye akunakufane kwenzeke ukuba bukhokhelele nje kuxolo nozinzo. Ukumiselwa komthetho wasemkhosini (amajoni anyanzelisa lo mthetho ngamaTopiya) kuthetha ukuba iTFG ayisenguye urhulumente woxolelwaniso, ukuba kwake kwaba njalo, njengoko esi senzo salela iintlanganiso zoluntu kunye neenzame zabemi zokuququzelela amaphulo ezopolitiko ukucela umngeni kwiTFG. . Emva koko, iTFG yayalela ukuba izikhululo zikanomathotholo kunye neTV ezinkulu ziyeke ukusebenza kwazo. Lo mthetho onoburhalarhume uvala umlomo kwinkululeko yokuthetha kunye nokuzibandakanya, kwaye ke ngoko kukuphosa emva kwimihla yobuzwilakhe obudala bomkhosi. Ekugqibeleni, umkhosi wase-Ethiopia kunye nemikhosi yemikhosi yemfazwe sele iqalile ukukhangela isixeko kubantu abachasene ne-ajenda yabo kunye nabanye abarhanelwa ukuba bachasene nolawulo lwase-Ethiopia njengeembacu zase-Oromo. Ukuzingela kuyaqhubeka kwaye kunokulindelwa ukwanda kwegazi. Umkhosi wase-Ethiopia uyaqhubeka nokuxhwila oosomashishini, iingcali, kunye nabanye abachasene ne-TFG kunye nohlaselo, kumakhaya abo ngobusuku. Iinkokeli eziphezulu ze-TFG kunye nesininzi samaLungu ePalamente ngabantu abangaziwa ngezakhono zabo zokulawula uluntu kunye nemigangatho ephezulu yokuziphatha. Ngenxa yoko, abantu baseSomalia abanakulindela ukukhululeka kwezopolitiko kwezi nkokeli zifake izicelo kulawulo lweTigray eAddis Ababa.
IManyano yeeNkundla zamaSilamsi iyekile ukubakho njengombutho osebenzayo kwaye indawo yabo yokugqibela yokusabela kumahlathi omnga kunye nemigxobhozo yasemzantsi-mpuma weSomalia yatshatyalaliswa luhlaselo lomoya kunye nokudutyulwa kwemikhosi yaseMelika neyase-Ethiopia. Kwakucacile ukuba iiNkundla zenza iimpazamo ezinzulu kwiinyanga ezintathu zokugqibela zolawulo lwazo olubangelwa likratshi lebutho lazo lomkhosi. Phakathi kwezi mpazamo yayiyintetho yabo engqongqo yenkolo kunye nokutolikwa kweetekisi zamaSilamsi, kunye nokungabikho kothethathethwano olunzulu nolusebenzayo nabantu abathembekileyo belizwe kunye nabantu abanezakhono. Kodwa eyona nto yayiyingozi kakhulu yayibubuzwe babo emkhosini. Loo ngcombolo emfamekileyo icebisa ukuba iinkundla aziyi kuphila njengombutho, kodwa umyalezo owenze ukuba zihlonitshwe kwaye zilandele phakathi kwamaSomalia ubaluleke kakhulu namhlanje kunangaphambili. Phakathi kweenqununu abazichazayo zezi: ukuzimela kweSomalia, inkululeko kubugrogrisi bemfazwe, ubulungisa, kunye nentlonipho yenkolo yamaSilamsi. Nokuba zaziyintoni na iintsilelo kunye neempazamo zeeNkundla zamaSilamsi, ngokuqinisekileyo zazinengqondo ezimeleyo eyayingathotyelwanga kwamanye amazwe okanye iinkokeli. Ngexeshana elingephi iiNkundla zaqalisa inkqubo yokubuyisela impahla ephangiweyo kubanini bazo kusetyenziswa umthetho wamaSilamsi kwaye ngaphandle kweengcebiso ezivela kubacebisi bangaphandle ababiza imali eninzi. Emva kokubhengezwa komgaqo-nkqubo wokubuyiswa komhlaba kwafika abantu abasuka kweminye imimandla yeli lizwe nabasuka phesheya kweelwandle bezokufuna kwakhona imihlaba yabo. Ukongeza, bayitshitshisa ifomyula ye-clanist 4.5 kwaye bachaza ukubaluleka kommi odibeneyo. I-TFG kusafuneka yenze isibhengezo malunga nawo nawuphi na kule miba okanye nawuphi na umba obalulekileyo ongundoqo kuxolelwaniso. Ngaphaya koko, iiNkundla zisebenze njengeenkokeli ezizimeleyo zaseSomalia nto leyo eyahluke kakhulu kulawulo lwase-Ethiopia lweTFG. Olu thelekiso phakathi kwezi zibini lukhumbuza abemi belizwe kwixesha langaphambili xa abasemagunyeni eSomalia babephendula kubantu babo kwaye babenomgaqo-nkqubo wasekhaya nowangaphandle ozimeleyo osekelwe eSomalia.
Iinqununu ezimbini ezinxibeleleneyo ezikhokele iiNkundla ziya kuba neziphumo ezifikelela kude kwikamva labantu baseSomalia kunye nokuziphatha kwabo. Ezi ankile yayibummi obuqhelekileyo obungonakaliswanga bubume behlelo kunye neclanistic, kunye neenqobo zamaSilamsi zobulungisa kunye nokubandakanywa. Enye yezinto zokuqala ezathi zatsala inkxaso yoninzi lwabemi yayikukugxininiswa kweenkundla kukholo nobulungisa kunye nokubamba inkohlakalo. Inkolo yamaSilamsi njengesiseko esisisiseko semicimbi yasekuhlaleni idityaniswa ngokulula nobumi obuqhelekileyo baseSomalia nokuba ithini na imvelaphi kwaye loo nto yatsala inkxaso yabantu abaninzi. Ezi nqununu zimbini ziphikisana ne-charter yenguqu eyabhalwa ngabaphathi bemfazwe eNairobi kwaye ibeka bucala zombini ezi xabiso. Lo mqulu ugxininisa imicimbi yoluntu kumlibo wokuzalwa endaweni yobumi obuqhelekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, abemi bahlulahlulwe kwiiyunithi ze-4.5 kwaye onke amaziko oluntu anabasebenzi ngokusekelwe kwi-arithmetic enjalo. Iziphumo zangoku nezexesha elide zesi sicwangciso kukunciphisa ubumi noluntu. Olo lungelelwaniso lwezopolitiko luqhutywa kukufuna irente (urhwaphilizo) endaweni yokubonelela ngenkonzo esebenzayo kubemi, kwaye alunathuba lokukhokelela kuzinzo lwezopolitiko nophuhliso loqoqosho.
Isibhambathiso saseMelika: Ulawulo lobuzwilakhe lwamahlelo
Okokugqibela, uhlaselo lwase-Ethiopia oluvunywe yi-Amerika eSomalia kunye nokunyanzeliswa korhulumente olawulwa ngamahlelo emfazwe elizweni akunakwenzeka ukuba kukhokelele kuphuhliso lwedemokhrasi. Urhulumente wase-US ukuxhasa ngokungekho ngqiqweni iinkosi zase-Somalia kunye norhulumente wase-Ethiopia osemfazweni nabantu bakhe kunye neenkokheli zaseMelika-ukuziqhelanisa nokuchasa ubuSilamsi kuye kwayenza nzulu intiyo yabemi ngakwi-USA. Intsebenziswano yesixhobo seMelika kunye nabanqolobi babanye abantu (amazwe kunye nabadlali abangengokarhulumente) ikujongele phantsi ukuthengwa kwentetho yayo yedemokhrasi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo, uphawu lomgaqo-nkqubo waseMelika otshonileyo ngumsantsa obonakalayo phakathi kwentetho yedemokhrasi kunye nenkxaso yayo kwizigebenga, iinkosi zemfazwe, oozwilakhe, kunye nabezopolitiko abakwiphondo laseAfrika nakwezinye iindawo. Ezingqondweni zabantu abaninzi kummandla umgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle waseMelika kunye nokuziqhelanisa kuye kwafana nobuzwilakhe kunye nokuzigwagwisa, kwaye uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ukuba ezo zizinto ezisisiseko zorhulumente waseMelika. Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente waseMelika uphulukene neentliziyo neengqondo zabantu abangamaSilamsi kulo lonke. Izipho zaseMelika kubantu baseSomalia kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo ibiziingqwayi-ngqwayi zemfazwe, uhlaselo lwase-Ethiopia, kunye norhulumente onobuzwilakhe, wehlelo nongenabuchule. Iingxoxo zakutsha nje zorhulumente obanzi kunye nenkomfa yoxolelwaniso esekwe kwimodeli ye-TFG ayizukuzisa ngokusemthethweni umsebenzi okanye ivelise uxolo oluyimfuneko kunye ne-ajenda eqhelekileyo yaseSomalia. Abaxhasi benkomfa ecetywayo eza kubanjelwa eMogadishu abanakulindela kakhulu isivumelwano sokwenyani kuba ikomkhulu liphantsi kolawulo lwase-Ethiopia kwaye lilawulwa ngamaqela omkhosi wobunkokheli be-TFG. Abathathi-nxaxheba benkomfa enjalo baya kuthathwa ngabahlali base-Ethiopia kunye nabathengi babo kwaye ngoko baya kuba yi-charade. Olunye umdlalo wesambuku esincumisayo yinkqubo egxile eluntwini engabonakali ngathi isemakhadini okwangoku, kodwa le kuphela kwendlela yoxolelwaniso, nalapho iintliziyo neengqondo zabantu zinokuphunyelelwa kwaye enokuphelisa konke. iintlobo zoloyiko.
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