SHARMINI PERIES: Yeyona Network yeNdaba. NdinguSharmini Peries, ndiza kuwe ndivela eBaltimore.
NgoLwesithathu, uMongameli uTrump ubhengeze ukuba i-United States iya kwamkela inkokeli yenkcaso yaseVenezuela uJuan Guaido njengomongameli osemthethweni waseVenezuela. UMongameli Maduro, ekuphenduleni, ubhengeze ukuba uqhawula ubudlelwane bezozakuzo kwaye abasebenzi bezozakuzo baneeyure ezingama-72 zokushiya ilizwe. Konke oku kuqalwe kamsinya nje emva kokuba uJuan Guaido, ongumongameli weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yaseVenezuela, efungile njengomongameli.
Ngoku, uJuan Guaido wazifungisa kwibango lokuba uNicolas Maduro, umongameli wangoku waseVenezuela, akakho mthethweni, kwaye ngenxa yokuba umongameli kunye nosekela-mongameli bangekho mthethweni, ukuba ungolandelayo kumgca wobongameli. Izolo, uSekela Mongameli uMike Pence ubeke iqonga lakho konke oku ngokwenza isibhengezo esibhekiswe kubantu baseVenezuela, ebabongoza ukuba bavukele uMongameli Maduro.
UMIKE PENCE: Egameni likaMongameli uDonald Trump kunye nabo bonke abantu baseMelika, mandivakalise inkxaso engagungqiyo yase-United States, njengoko nina, bantu baseVenezuela, niphakamisa amazwi enu kwikhwelo lenkululeko. UNicolas Maduro nguzwilakhe ongenalo ibango elisemthethweni lamandla. I-United States ijoyina kunye nazo zonke izizwe ezithanda inkululeko ekuthatheni ingqalelo iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho njengesiseko sokugqibela sedemokhrasi kwilizwe lakho, kuba kuphela kwequmrhu elinyulwe nguwe, abantu. Ngaloo ndlela, iUnited States iyasixhasa isigqibo senkalipho sikaJuan Guaido, umongameli weNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe, sokungqina amandla alo mbutho ngokomgaqo-siseko, abhengeze uMaduro njengomntu obhukuqayo kwaye acele ukusekwa korhulumente wethutyana.
SHARMINI PERIES: Ngoku, ukukhokelela kuyo yonke le nto, amashumi amawaka abantu baseVenezuela baye kwizitrato zaseCaracas ngesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-61 yokubhukuqwa kukazwilakhe wokugqibela waseVenezuela, uMarcos Perez Jimenez. Ngoku, abaxhasi bakaMongameli Maduro nabo baye ezitalatweni, kuba lo ngumsitho wonyaka apho omabini amacala, okanye abantu baseVenezuela ngokubanzi, beza kubhiyozela. Kodwa olu qhanqalazo, ngakumbi uqhanqalazo lwenkcaso, lwenziwa ukuba lubonakale ngathi luqhanqalazo olukhulu olubonisa ukubhukuqa, okanye umnqweno wokubhukuqa, uNicolas Maduro.
Ngoku, okwenzekayo eVenezuela ngokuqinisekileyo sisihloko sale ngxoxo. Kwaye ukuzimanya nathi ukusuka eNew York namhlanje nguAlex Main. Ungumlawuli weSebe loMgaqo-nkqubo weHlabathi kwiZiko loPhando loQoqosho noMgaqo-nkqubo eWashington DC. Kwaye odibene nam apha kwisitudiyo sethu nguGregory Wilpert. UnguMhleli wethu oLawulayo apha kwiiNdaba zokwenyani kwaye ukwangumbhali woTshintsho iVenezuela ngokuThatha amandla. Madoda, ndiyanibulela nobabini ngokundidibanisa nam.
UGREG WILPERT: Ndiyayonwabela.
U-ALEX OPHAMBILI: Enkosi.
SHARMINI PERIES: Kulungile, Alex mandiqale ngawe. Usebenzela umgaqo-nkqubo wokwalathisa i-CEPR, ke unezandla ezininzi kumava eWashington malunga nokuzama ukwenza intsingiselo yomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle wase-US ukuya eVenezuela. Kwaye kubekho iinzame zobuchule apha kwicala lase-US lokuqhwalelisa uqoqosho lwaseVenezuela, ngokuqinisekileyo, ukulungelelanisa ummandla ngokuchasene neVenezuela. Sinike ingqiqo yezicwangciso urhulumente wase-US kunye nolawulo lukaTrump ngokukodwa kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo.
U-ALEX OPHAMBILI: Ewe, olu lawulo belusebenzisa amaqhinga amaninzi kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo. Ngokwenene, baxhasa isicwangciso esiqhubekayo sokutshintsha kolawulo eVenezuela esiye sayibona ixesha elide, ukuqala ngolawulo lukaGeorge W. Bush. Kwaye iqhubekile, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lolawulo luka-Obama, nangona ingekho ngokucace kakhulu njengoko iye yaba, kwakhona, igqithile kakhulu phantsi koMongameli uTrump. Kwaye ngakumbi ukususela ngo-Agasti ka-2017, xa wabeka izigwebo zezoqoqosho eziye zalambisa ngokwenene uqoqosho lwenkxaso-mali yamazwe ngamazwe efunekayo ngexesha apho uqoqosho, ngokuqinisekileyo, lukwintlekele enkulu.
Ke isikhumbuza uhlobo lomgaqo-nkqubo wase-US esawubonayo ngaseChile ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, xa ndicinga ukuba nguKissinger okanye uNixon owathi ngodumo, "Siza kwenza uqoqosho lukhale." Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, uqoqosho lwaseVenezuela belukhala. Kuya kufuneka yenze okuninzi ngemigaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho eneziphene kurhulumente waseMaduro uqobo, kodwa ikhule mbi kakhulu ukusukela oko kwabekwa ezi zohlwayo. Kwaye ke kukho intetho eninzi yokungenelela komkhosi kunye nokubhukuqa kwabantu bobabini ngaphakathi kulawulo, njengowayesakuba nguNobhala kaRhulumente uRex Tillerson, kunye nabantu abasondele kakhulu kulawulo abaye banempembelelo enkulu kumgaqo-nkqubo waseVenezuela, onjalo. njengoko uMarco Rubio, oye wamkela ingcamango yokukhwabanisa ukusombulula iingxaki zaseVenezuela, ngoko ke.
Kwaye ngoku sibona iqhinga lokungahoywa ngokupheleleyo. Ngokwenyani ukuba sinyanisekile, olu lawulo aluzange lwamkele urhulumente waseMaduro. Emva konyulo olwenzekayo owathi wanyula uMaduro kuqala, ulawulo luka-Obama, ngokuqinisekileyo, aluzange luqaphele iziphumo kwaye lube nohlobo lokulandela inkcaso enzima yokungazinaki iziphumo zolo lonyulo. Emva koko bafunde ukuhlala norhulumente, kodwa ngoku baphuma besithi abasamqapheli urhulumente njengosemthethweni. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba yintoni ecacileyo kukuba ngazo zonke ezi zoyikiso, kunye nesohlwayo kunye nokunye, bazama ngokwenene ukufumana ukuphulwa ngaphakathi kwemikhosi exhobileyo yaseVenezuela. Ngokwenyani, babonwa njengohlobo lomlamli, ngelishwa, babonwa njengohlobo lomlamli weziphumo zopolitiko eVenezuela namhlanje. Kwaye ndiyacinga ukuba kukho inzame ehlangeneyo yokuzama ukuxhokonxa imikhosi exhobileyo ukuba ixhase le nkokeli yenkcaso esandula kubhengezwa eyayingaziwa kude kube kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo.
Kwaye kunjalo, kukho iingxelo eziye zaphuma ekuqaleni konyaka ophelileyo ukuba amagosa aphezulu olawulo lukaTrump ebedibene namagosa omkhosi aphikisayo waseVenezuela, awayefuna inkxaso yobhukuqo-mbuso. Ke ndicinga ukuba yile nto yenzekayo apha, kwaye kuya kufuneka siyibone. Ndiyathetha, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku imikhosi exhobileyo, okanye ubuncinci bemikhosi exhobileyo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo umyalelo ophezulu wemikhosi exhobileyo yaseVenezuela, ngoku ufuna ukubandakanyeka ngale ndlela kwezopolitiko, kwaye ngethemba, oko kuya kuhlala kunjalo. . Kodwa ngokucacileyo, siphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu kakhulu ngeli xesha.
SHARMINI PERIES: Kulungile, Greg. Ngoku, kwabo basijoyinayo kwaye bebengeyonxalenye yeLivestream ebesiyenzile eVenezuela njengoko ezi ndaba bezisanda, sinike umbono wokuba zeziphi ezinye zeziganeko ezenzeke kutsha nje eziye zavela. ikhokelele kule meko namhlanje.
UGREG WILPERT: Okokuqala, njengoko u-Alex etshilo, iinzame zokubhukuqa urhulumente we-Chavez kwaye urhulumente waseMaduro wabuyela umva, kwaye kunjalo, wafumana eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwilinge lokuvukela uChavez ngo-2002. Kodwa kutsha nje, ezi nzame, ewe, ziye zaqina, kwaye ndicinga ukuba izizathu zokuqinisa ziphindaphindwe kaninzi. Okokuqala, kwabakho ukusweleka kukaMongameli Chavez, kwaye oko ngokuqinisekileyo kwabonakala ngathi lithuba labachasi kunye norhulumente wase-US ukuba abhukuqe urhulumente, kulapho ke baququzelela uqhanqalazo olukhulu, kanye emva kolonyulo. Emva koko ingxaki yezoqoqosho, ukuhla kwexabiso leoli, imigaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho ephosakeleyo kwicala likarhulumente waseMaduro owakhokelela kwi-hyperinflation, yakhokelela ekubeni ndicinga ukuba izohlwayo, eziye zaqinisa ngakumbi imeko yezoqoqosho.
Kwaye ke, ewe, sikwanayo, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, iinzame zokubulala kusetyenziswa iibhombu kwiidrones ezihlasele uMaduro ngexesha lomkhosi. Kwaye yaphanziswa, kodwa leyo yayiyeyona nto ibonakalisa ngokucacileyo kwiinzame zokubhukuqa uMaduro. Yena ngokwakhe, kamva, waqhubeka wathi ezinye iinzame ziza kuza kwaye wachaza ngokukodwa uMike Pence kunye noJohn Bolton kunye noMarco Rubio njengabasemva kwezi nzame. Kwaye oku kwaba kungekudala emva koko, ndicinga ukuba, kuqinisekisiwe kunye nabo bobabini, oko kukuthi, uhambo lukaPence kunye noBolton kulo lonke elaseLatin America, apho bajikeleza oorhulumente abahlukeneyo kwaye babeka uxinzelelo kubo ukuba bajike bachasene neVenezuela, kungekhona ukuba babefuna ukutyhala kakhulu, becinga. ukuba bandwendwela ubukhulu becala oorhulumente abagcina imiqathango. Ewe, i-Ecuador, ndicinga ukuba, yayiyinto enomdla yokuba ubuncinci kangangexesha elithile yayingagqalwa njengesiqhelo, kodwa ngoku kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo njengenxalenye yaloo nkampu yolondolozo.
Kwaye emva koko saba neziganeko ezinomdla ezibonisa ukophuka ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zokhuseleko kurhulumente waseVenezuela, okokuqala kuhlobo lokubanjwa kwenkokeli ephikisayo, uJuan Guaido, okwathi kwavela ukubanjwa komgunyathi. UGuaido ngokwakhe wathi ngenene babevelana naye kwaye bamkhulula kwangoko kwaye babemxelela ukuba enze into, ngokusisiseko. Kwaye emva koko isiganeko samajoni omkhosi wesizwe azama ukuba izixhobo, i-27 kubo iphelile ukubanjwa, oku kwenzeke izolo nje. Ke saba nenani leziganeko ezahlukeneyo ezikhokelele koku. Kwaye besisazi ukuba sele, uJuan Guaido, xa eqala ukuthatha isikhundla seNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, wathi ngokusisiseko wayezimisele into enje, ukuba wayengaqapheli uMongameli Maduro njengomongameli osemthethweni waseVenezuela, kwaye sele ecebise ukuba into ethile. njengokuba oku kuya kuza kungekudala okanye kamva.
Ndicinga ukuba into eyamangaza abantu ngaphezu kwayo nantoni na, nangona sabona iimpawu ezilumkisayo kule nto, kukuvunywa ngurhulumente wase-US nguNobhala Jikelele we-OAS, kwaye ngoku iqela labanye oorhulumente abalondolozayo kummandla, ukuba UMaduro akayena umongameli osemthethweni, ngokutsho kwabo.
SHARMINI PERIES: Kulungile, Alex. Sinike ingqiqo yohlobo lwenkxaso abachasi baseVenezuela, kwaye ndicinga ukuba uJuan Guido ngokukodwa, bafumana kuluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, ubuncinane kummandla ngoku. I-US ngokuqinisekileyo yamvumela ukuba azifungele njengomongameli, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, kodwa kwangaxeshanye sinamazwe awayekade engathathi hlangothi kwimeko yaseLatin America esiza ngaphambili kwaye evuma uJuan Guaido. Kwaye oku kumangalisa kakhulu, ngakumbi kuvela eCanada, evela e-Ecuador. Asothuki ngabo bobabini iBolsonaro eBrazil, kuba yena kunye nolawulo lukaTrump sele bebhengeze ubudlelwane omnye komnye ngokwemiqathango yommandla. Kodwa wenza ntoni ngenkxaso efunyanwa nguJuan Guaido kulo mmandla?
U-ALEX OPHAMBILI: Ewe, kwelinye icala, njengoko uGreg wayebonisa, baninzi oorhulumente abagcinayo ngoku eLatin America. Kubekho ujingi olukhulu ekunene. Kwaye unephiko lasekunene kunye noorhulumente bephiko lasekunene, njengaseBrazil, ezilungelelaniswe ngokupheleleyo, eneneni, kunye neqhinga lase-US lokutshintsha kolawulo eVenezuela. Kwaye ke, ngumxholo we-geopolitical onzima kakhulu eVenezuela okwangoku, inamahlakani ambalwa kakhulu. Kodwa into endothusayo kukuba bakulungele kangakanani na ukwamkela inqanaba eliqatha lokungenelela kwezopolitiko zangaphakathi. Kuba ngokwesiko eLatin America, kuye kwakho ukurhoxa kakhulu kolu hlobo lwento, luvela ngokucacileyo kwimbali yongenelelo lwase-US kulo mmandla.
Kwaye ke, kukho eneneni-kwaye ndicinga ukuba imeko yaseCuba luhlobo lomfuziselo waloo nto, yendlela oorhulumente baseLatin America bobabini ngasekunene nangasekhohlo baye bachasa kakhulu iqhinga lase-US lokutshintsha ulawulo eCuba kakhulu. ixesha elide. Kuyothusa ke ukubabona behamba ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwimeko yaseVenezuela, kodwa ndicinga ukuba inento yokwenza nento yokuba iVenezuela ayisiyonto yangaphandle ngokwezopolitiko kulo mmandla ngoku, kodwa lilizwe. Imele isoyikiso sokwenyani kwingingqi ekunene, ukuya kuthi ga ngoku ukuba baphinde bahlaziyeke ngokwezoqoqosho, ukuba amaxabiso eoli aphinde anyuke, aphinde abe yindawo yamandla yommandla njengoko yayiphantsi kweChavez, inokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwezopolitiko. ummandla. Kwaye kunjalo, iVenezuela yayiyinkokeli yokwenyani kuhlobo lwamaza apinki koorhulumente abasekhohlo abavele ekuqaleni koo-2000, kwaye bomelele de kwangowe-2009, ngo-2010.
Kwaye ke, ndicinga ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni ngokuyinxenye luloyiko lokwenyani lokuba iVenezuela inokuphinda ibuye, ukuze kuthiwe. Okwangoku, baqhwale kakhulu kwezoqoqosho. Ndiyathetha ukuba, bakwimeko enzima kakhulu kangangokuba i-US yenze nzima kakhulu. Kwaye awekho amanye amazwe abeke ezi ntlobo zezohlwayo zoqoqosho ngokuchasene neVenezuela, kodwa ke, kuba uninzi lwamaziko emali ezizwe ngezizwe, abucala kunye noluntu, asebenza nge-United States, izohlwayo zase-United States zinesiphumo esikhulu. Ngoko ke, ewe, kwelinye icala, andimangalisi, kwelinye icala, kwinqanaba elithile, ndimangaliswe ukuba baya kwamkela eli nqanaba lokungenelela. Ngumzekelo ombi ngokwenene lowo. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, iphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, iphula i-OAS charter, iphazamisana nolu hlobo kwiipolitiki zangaphakathi zelinye ilizwe.
SHARMINI PERIES: Kulungile, Greg. Ngoku, bekukho umlo omkhulu wezoqoqosho wangaphakathi kubantu baseVenezuela kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo, phantse iminyaka emithandathu ngoku, kwaye oku kunokukhokelela abantu, ndithetha ukuthi ukunganeliseki kukhulu kangangokuba abantu bathanda ukuxhasa naluphi na utshintsho, nokuba lusemthethweni okanye hayi, kodwa abantu bayabandezeleka. Ngoku, yintoni anokuyenza urhulumente? Ndithetha ukuthi, kufuneka sijongane nenyaniso yokuba uninzi lomzabalazo wezoqoqosho ngewubalekelwe ngurhulumente ukuba ebenokwazisa imigaqo-nkqubo ethile yezoqoqosho kwakamsinya kwaye ajongane nale ngxaki ngokuthe ngqo. Ke ukuba ubucebisa urhulumente, ubuya kuba uthini kubo?
UGREG WILPERT: Ewe, kukho uhlobo lomcimbi esiwuxubushe apha kwenye ingxelo ngeNdaba zokwenyani kunye noMark Weisbrot, obonisa ukuba izohlwayo zangoku eVenezuela zenza kube nzima kakhulu ukwenza ulungiso lwekhosi, alunakwenzeka, kodwa lunzima kakhulu. Kwaye ingxaki enkulu kukuba iVenezuela, ndicinga ukuba urhulumente waseMaduro akazange aphumeze umgaqo-nkqubo wezinga lotshintshiselwano olufanelekileyo, ngoko ke udale inani elikhulu lamathuba orhwaphilizo. Kwaye xa intlekele yezopolitiko yafika, kwabakho isixa esikhulu sokubaleka kwenkunzi, okwadala umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwezinga lotshintshiselwano olusemthethweni kunye nezinga lotshintshiselwano lwentengiso emnyama, kwaye oku kukhokelele kumathuba amangalisayo urhwaphilizo eVenezuela. Kwaye loo ngxaki ayizange ilungiswe ngokwenene. Urhulumente uzamile uhlaziyo lwezoqoqosho olwahlukeneyo, kodwa akukho namnye kubo oye wahamba ngokwaneleyo ukulungisa oku okanye ukusombulula le ngxaki ingundoqo. Kwaye ke, luhlobo lwentliziyo yengxaki yezoqoqosho ngokoluvo lwam kwaye ndicinga ngokoluvo lwabanye abezoqoqosho abaninzi abaye bajonga oku.
Kodwa ngoku, bajongene, ngaphezulu kwale ngxaki yezoqoqosho, le ngxaki yezopolitiko, le ngxaki ye-geopolitical, eneneni, enokukhokelela kwimfazwe yamakhaya yokwenyani njengemeko. Ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sicace kakhulu kule nto, kwaye yiyo loo nto ndicinga ukuba, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ucinga ntoni na into eyenziwa ngurhulumente waseMaduro kwezoqoqosho okanye kwezopolitiko, akufanelekanga ukuba izinto zifike kwimeko apho imfazwe yamakhaya iqala khona. . Oko kukuthi, njengoko u-Alex etshilo, kukho eli themba kwicala lolawulo lukaTrump kunye nenkcaso ebukhali-umntu kufuneka akhumbule ukuba kukwakho inkcaso ephakathi engayilandeliyo le ndlela yokwenza kwaye ayivumanga uGuaido. njengomongameli. Kodwa le nkcaso ikrakra kunye nolawulo lukaTrump balandela ikhondo apho banethemba lovukelo lomkhosi oluya kutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo ilizwe luya kubeka ubomi bomntu wonke emngciphekweni. Kwaye i-US ithwele lonke uxanduva ngolu hlobo lwemeko, ukuba kuya kwenzeka.
SHARMINI PERIES: Kulungile, Alex. Ngoku, ulawulo lukaTrump lubonakala lucace gca apho bakhoyo. Iphi iCongress kunye neSenethi, ngaba kukho amalungu ngaphakathi kwala maqumrhu anokuthi athathe indawo eyahlukileyo kunolawulo lukaTrump, kwaye ngaba likho ithemba lokuba kukho ukungavisisani malunga nokuvumela uGuaido ngale ndlela? Ngaba ikho into enokwenziwa yiCongress? Ngaba enye yolu xanduva lolo hlobo lomgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle alukho kwicala leCongress?
U-ALEX OPHAMBILI: Ewe, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba ulawulo lukaTrump lubandakanyeke kuhlobo olungekho mthethweni, olungekho mthethweni phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, ungenelelo olungekho mthethweni, iCongress kufuneka izame ukusebenza njengetshekhi kuloo nto kwaye ibambe urhulumente uxanduva. Ngelishwa, uninzi lweenkokeli zeCongress, ndiyacinga, zimbi kakhulu eVenezuela, kwaye oku kungenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa ndicinga ukuba enye yezona zinto ziphambili kukuba akukho nto ibuyisela umva kuwo nawaphi na amacandelo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, uninzi lwabantu baseVenezuela abalapha e-US, i-diaspora, bahlala bekulungele ukungenelela kwe-US. Kwaye ikwayimpembelelo yezopolitiko zaseFlorida, apho ixesha elide kakhulu, kwaye ngelishwa liqhubeka lihlala kunjalo, ngokusisiseko amacandelo eLatino alondolozayo esiwafumana kuMazantsi eFlorida nakwezinye iindawo zelizwe, ezinje ngeendawo ezilinganiselweyo. ubukhulu eNew Jersey, umzekelo. Banempembelelo enkulu kumalungu athile eCongress.
Kwaye la malungu eCongress athambekele ekuhlanganiseni kwiKomiti yeMicimbi yezaNgaphandle yeNdlu kunye neKomiti ye-Senate yoBudlelwane bangaphandle, apho ngokuqinisekileyo, banomlinganiselo othe xaxa kumgaqo-nkqubo wase-US eLatin America. Kwaye ke, eyona nto iphambili kula macandelo, ngokwesiko, inguqu yolawulo eCuba, kodwa itshintshe ngakumbi nangakumbi ukuya eVenezuela, ngokuyinxenye kuba iVenezuela ibonwa, ndicinga ngempazamo, njengokuxhasa urhulumente waseCuba ngandlela thile, kodwa nangenxa yokuba kwakhona. , ngenxa yempembelelo enkulu yengingqi yaseVenezuela njengamandla eoli. Ke ngokwenene bane-bullseye eVenezuela kwaye banexesha elide kakhulu, kwaye badlale indima enkulu ekubumbeni umgaqo-nkqubo.
Ngoku, unamacandelo athile anenkqubela phambili athe achasa, eneneni, bobabini u-Obama kunye noTrump, kwimigaqo-nkqubo ethile ebhekiselele eVenezuela, kwaye ngakumbi izohlwayo, abazichonge ngokufanelekileyo njengeziyingozi kubantu baseVenezuela abaqhelekileyo, kodwa kwakhona zibe nefuthe elibi eVenezuela nakwi. Izopolitiko zaseVenezuela, kunye nohlobo lokusebenzela ukuxhasa amandla omgca onzima kumacala omabini oqhekeko lwezopolitiko, ngaloo ndlela kujongelwa phantsi iinzame zokuba nengxoxo. Kwaye kukho iinzame eziye zachithwa kwixesha elidlulileyo ngamacandelo anzima, kunye nenkxaso evela kwii-hardliners ezifana noSenator uMarco Rubio, kwaye kukho iinzame ezintsha eziqhubekayo. Kwaye ngelishwa, isikhundla esithathwa yi-US, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo iBrazil ilandele kwaye iCanada ilandele ngoku, i-Ecuador ngokunjalo, ibeka emngciphekweni wokwahlula izinto kwezopolitiko.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho umngcipheko wemfazwe yamakhaya, ngakumbi ukuba kukho ukwaphulwa kokwenyani kwimikhosi exhobileyo. Kwaye oko kunokwenzeka, kwaye izinto zinokuba nobundlobongela kakhulu, zimbi kakhulu kwaye ziya kuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu, hayi nje kubantu baseVenezuela, kodwa ngokwenyani kwiLatin America. Ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba neziphumo ezibi.
SHARMINI PERIES: Greg, yintoni uxanduva lomkhosi ngoku? Kwaye okuninzi kuphumle emkhosini kunye nendlela abaya kwenza ngayo. Ngaphambili baye bakhetha ukugcina uxolo nolona gonyamelo luncinane lunokubakho. Ngaba ucinga ukuba kuya kuba njalo?
UGREG WILPERT: Ewe, kunzima kakhulu ukuthetha. Nditshilo kwicandelo langaphambili ukuba ndicinga ukuba liyahluka, ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokwenqanaba, apho ndicinga ukuba iinjengele ziya kubamba noMaduro, kodwa asazi. Into enkulu engaziwayo kukuba ngaba i-midlevel kunye namagosa aphantsi mhlawumbi aya kuququzelela into echasene noMaduro. Baninzi kakhulu kubo, kunzima kakhulu ukwazi ukuba wonke umntu ucinga ntoni. Kwaye banengxaki yezoqoqosho, kwaye ke abanye babo banokukhuthazeka ngenxa yoko. Kwaye, abaxhamli kubo-abaninzi babo bayaxhamla kurhwaphilizo, kodwa abanye babo abaxhamli, kuba abafikeleli kwezo ntlobo zezibonelelo. Okanye abanye basenokungakhathali, baze bathi, “Ewe, singenza imali engakumbi phantsi korhulumente wenkcaso owonakeleyo, nto leyo enokwenzeka ngokuqinisekileyo.
Ngoko asazi nje ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwezo. Ndicinga ukuba ngenene ngumbuzo omkhulu lowo. Kodwa eyona nto iphambili, ndicinga ukuba, ngokwenene, inkcaso kufuneka ibuyele ezingqondweni eVenezuela kwaye ixoxisane norhulumente waseMaduro. Urhulumente waseMaduro unikezele ukuthethathethana nabachasayo. Ngokwenyani, njengoko benditshilo, kukho amanani aphakathi aphikisayo anikezele ukuthethathethana nawo. Kwaye ndicinga ukuba urhulumente naye kufuneka enze ulungelelwano lokwenyani, ndithetha ngendlela yokuba kufuneka aqonde ukuba imeko iyingozi kangakanani na. Ndicinga ukuba uMaduro akufuneki akholelwe nje ngokungafihlisiyo ukuba yonke into iza kulunga. Le yimeko enzima kakhulu ngeli xesha, ndiyacinga, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphalala kwegazi, kuthetha ngokwenene ukuvuma into ethile kwinkcaso. Luluvo lwam olo. Kuba ukuba abakwenzi oko, sinokungena, njengokuba mna no-Alex besitshilo, kwimeko yemfazwe yamakhaya.
SHARMINI PERIES: Ijongeka njani loo nto, ukwamkela inkcaso?
UGREG WILPERT: Kunzima ukuthetha. Ndiyathetha, inokubandakanya nolunye unyulo lukamongameli, mhlawumbi. Ndithetha into elolo hlobo, into emangalisayo. Ndiyazi ukuba oko kuvakala ngathi kuyaphambana kwabanye abantu kwicala le-Chavista ukuba bacinge, kodwa kuya kufuneka ibe lutshintsho olulawulwayo, oluya kuba, ndiyacinga, ukuba kukho unyulo. Kwanokuba inkcaso yayinokuphumelela, oko kwakungayi kuthetha ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwamandla. Basenamanye amaziko amaninzi. Kuya kuba lutshintsho olulawulwayo, kanti ukuba ikhosi inkcaso enkulu kunye nekhosi efunwa ngulawulo lukaTrump ikhefu elipheleleyo. Bafuna ukuyisusa, ukuyisula i-Chavismo ebusweni bomhlaba, kwaye oko kuya kwenzeka kuphela ngokuphalazwa kwegazi. Yiyo loo nto ndisithi ukuze kuthintelwe lo nto, kuya kuthetha ukuthotyelwa ekufuneka kwenziwe ngurhulumente.
SHARMINI PERIES: Kulungile, Alex. Makhe ndikunike ilizwi lokugqibela. Ngokubhekiselele kwiWashington, kwaye ukuba kukho abantu kwiCongress abafuna ukuphepha ukuphalala kwegazi kunye noku kusiba mandundu kwemeko eVenezuela, kufuneka kwenzeke ntoni ngoku?
U-ALEX OPHAMBILI: Ewe, abantu abaninzi kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo kwiCongress, kuba njengoko benditshilo, ngelishwa, baye bavumela uhlobo lwamaphiko asekunene ane-radical interventionist ajenda eLatin America ukuba ibe nesandla esiphezulu kwingxoxo yaseLatin America, ngokwenene ukubumba i-ajenda yomgaqo-nkqubo. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba kubekho ukubandakanyeka okungaphezulu kwabaqhubela phambili. Bamele ukuba babandakanyeke ngakumbi ngaphambili, kwaye baye bathetha ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Kodwa eneneni, into esiyibonayo ngoku, bekukho inkxaso eninzi kwinzame zika-Obama ezisuka kubuninzi beeDemocrats kunye nenani lamaRiphabhlikhi. Kwaye ngokucacileyo loo nto yayisengqiqweni, umgaqo-nkqubo osengqiqweni. Kwaye okwangoku, asiyiboni loo nto kwimeko yaseVenezuela. Abantu bajikis’ iliso, khange bazive mfuneko, naluphi na uxinzelelo lokwenjenjalo.
Kodwa sibona umlilo wokwenyani, imeko enokuba yingxaki enkulu, ekugqibeleni, e-United States. Udodobalisa iVenezuela, ugqiba ekubeni uzinzise, ngokungafihlisiyo, indawo enkulu yommandla, ngokuqinisekileyo ummandla waseAndean. Kwaye yiloo nto emele ukuba yinkxalabo, kwaye amalungu eCongress kufuneka afune ukukhupha into esinokuyibonakalisa ngokwenene njengeqhinga lokususa uzinzo olusetyenziswa lulawulo lukaTrump.
SHARMINI PERIES: Konke kulungile. Thina apha kwiiNdaba zokwenyani siya kuqhubeka ukuba nale ngxoxo malunga nokuba kuqhubeka ntoni eVenezuela kwaye yintoni enokwenziwa ngayo. Bendithetha no-Alex Main, unguMlawuli woMgaqo-nkqubo weHlabathi kwiZiko loMgaqo-nkqubo woQoqosho kunye noPhando eWashington, DC. Kwaye bendithetha noMhleli wethu oLawulayo apha kwiNethiwekhi yeNdaba yokwenyani. Kwaye incwadi yakhe, Ukutshintsha iVenezuela ngokuThatha amandla, kuya kuphawulwa kule meko. Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngokusidibanisa nathi, sobabini uAlex noGreg.
UGREG WILPERT: Enkosi.
U-ALEX OPHAMBILI: Enkosi.
SHARMINI PERIES: Kwaye siza kuqhubeka le ngxoxo ngomso apha kwi-Real News Network, ngoko ke sijoyine kwaye enkosi ngokuzimanya nathi.
Nceda uncede uZNet kunye noZ Magazine
Ngenxa yeengxaki ngeenkqubo esithe sakwazi ukuzilungisa ngoku, sele kudlule unyaka ukugqibela kwethu ukunyusa ingxowa-mali. Ngenxa yoko, sifuna uncedo lwakho ngakumbi kunangaphambili ukuze siqhubeke nokuzisa ulwazi olulolunye obulufuna iminyaka engama-30.
I-Z inikezela ngezona ndaba ziluncedo zoluntu esinokuthi sizenze, kodwa ekugwebeni oko kuluncedo, ngokungafaniyo neminye imithombo yolwazi sigxininisa umbono, isicwangciso, kunye nokufaneleka kobutshantliziyo. Xa sithetha noTrump, umzekelo, kukufumana iindlela ezingaphaya kukaTrump, hayi ukuphinda-phinda, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, indlela embi ngayo. Kwaye kuyafana nokujongana nobushushu behlabathi, intlupheko, ukungalingani, ubuhlanga, ucalucalulo ngokwesini, kunye nokwenziwa kwemfazwe. Eyona nto iphambili kuthi isoloko ikukuba into esibonelela ngayo inamandla okunceda ekumiseleni into emasiyenze, nendlela engcono yokuyenza.
Ekulungiseni iingxaki zethu zeprogram, siye sahlaziya inkqubo yethu ukwenza ukuba ibe yinto ezinzileyo kunye nokunika iminikelo lula. Ibiyinkqubo ende kodwa sinethemba lokuba iya kwenza kube lula kuye wonke umntu ukuba asincede sikhule. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingxaki, nceda usazise ngoko nangoko. Sidinga igalelo kuzo naziphi na iingxaki ukuze siqinisekise ukuba inkqubo inokuqhubeka ilula ukuyisebenzisa kumntu wonke.
Eyona ndlela yokunceda, nangona kunjalo, kukuba ube ngumgcini wenyanga okanye ngonyaka. Abaxhasi banokuphawula, bathumele iiblogi, kwaye bafumane inkcazo ngobusuku nge-imeyile ngqo.
Unokwenza kwakhona okanye wenze umnikelo wexesha elinye okanye ufumane umrhumo oshicilelweyo kwiZ Magazine.
Bhalisela iZ Magazine Apha.
Naluphi na uncedo luya kunceda kakhulu. Kwaye nceda uthumele nge-imeyile naziphi na iingcebiso zokuphucula, izimvo, okanye iingxaki ngoko nangoko.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela
1 amagqabantshintshi
Kubantu base-US, ingxaki yexesha elide kukuba luncinci kakhulu ulwazi lokwenyani malunga nezinye iindawo emhlabeni. Sigxile kakhulu e-US, kwaye abaninzi abaneendlela zokuhamba kwezinye iindawo ubukhulu becala ngamaqela amabini, abakhenkethi ababetha kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kunye nomdla weshishini / wenkampani ojolise kumcimbi omnye ophambili: inzuzo.
Xa ndandingumfundi onesidanga sokuqala ndagxila kwiLatin America-izifundo zembali, izifundo zolwimi, njl.njl. Xa ndandikwiminyaka yam yokugqibela yama-20, ndaqonda ukuba uninzi lwezinto endandizifundiswa zazingenamsebenzi, azichanekanga, okanye zinomkhethe ngendlela ethile. loo nto yenza ukuba kube nzima ukuqonda loo mmandla. Ekugqibeleni, kwiminyaka kamva, ndahlala eLatin Amerca, apho ndazibonela ngawam amehlo oko ndandifuna ukukufunda. Umbono wawuhluke kakhulu, ewe, kwaye ndiye ndabona iziphumo ezisebenzayo zemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nezenzo zase-US kwiLatin Amerca. Yayingumothuko, ekuqaleni.
Ndinomhlobo eBrazil obe ligqwetha labasebenzi kwaye ngokwendalo unomdla kwizinto ezinjalo. Akanangqondo, kodwa uyasebenza. Xa kwiintsuku ezimbini ezidlulileyo wayebhala ngeVenezuela, wathi eyona nto yayimbi kakhulu kukufa kwabantu abali-16. Uvelwano kunye novelwano lwakhe lwalukrelekrele kwaye lunengqondo, impendulo yomntu kakhulu kwimeko yonxunguphalo. Oku akusiyo into ebaluleke kakhulu kubenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo wase-US kunye nomdla wenkampani, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kungekhona ugxininiso luka-Elliott Abrams oye wangeniswa ebhodini kulawulo lweTrump ukujongana neVenezuela. U-Abrams unerekhodi elide lokutshintsha kolawulo, ukungenelela komkhosi, kunye nobundlobongela eLatin America, ukubuyela kwixesha le-Reagan imisebenzi ye-Iran-Contra kuMbindi Melika eyadlala indima ephambili ekubhubhiseni i-El Salvador neNicaragua.
Kuthi e-US, indlela yokufumana ulwazi lokwenyani kwihlabathi nakwiLatin America ngumba omkhulu, kwaye ukuqonda ulongamo lwezinye izizwe kufanele kube sembindini. Ukufeza ezi zinto zimbini aziyi kwenzeka ngokuzithandela.
Uyazi, amagama anje "ubuzwilakhe" agxothwa ngalo lonke ixesha ngurhulumente wase-US xa ethetha ngeVenezuela, kwanemithombo yeendaba eqhelekileyo iye yawela kulo mgibe. Asilusebenzisi ulwimi olunjalo xa umongameli wethu evala urhulumente ngefiat isithuba esingaphezulu kwenyanga. Nale nkcukacha inye ithetha okuninzi malunga nengqondo eyenza ukuqonda umhlaba kunye nelizwe lethu kube sisabelo esinzima.