Umthombo: I-Intercept
Ifoto nguMarcel Poncu/Shutterstock.com
Emva kweeDemokhrasi zeNdlu ibhengeze isicwangciso sokuqinisekisa ukuba amachiza kunye nezitofu zokugonya i-Covid-19 ziyafikeleleka kwaye zifikeleleke kuye wonke umntu, indibaniselwano yamaqela alondolozayo yaqala ukusebenza ngokuzolileyo ukujongela phantsi loo mzamo.
Ngomhla we-15 ku-Epreli, u-Rep. Jan Schakowsky, D-Ill., kunye ne-Reps. Peter DeFazio, D-Ore., Rosa DeLauro, D-Conn., kunye noLloyd Doggett, D-Texas, babeka ngaphandle imigaqo esisiseko kuphuhliso kunye namaxabiso zonyango lwe-coronavirus kunye nogonyo. Iimfuno zabo zazilula: Iinkampani zamayeza kufuneka zibeke amaxabiso afanelekileyo kumachiza azo kunye nogonyo olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga okanye ukuthintela i-Covid-19. Kufuneka ukuba benze iindleko zophando kunye nokwenziwa kwezi mveliso esidlangalaleni. Ngexesha lo bhubhani, abezomthetho bathi, iinkampani akufuneki zikwazi ukwenza ingeniso kuphela kula machiza anokusindisa ubomi.
"Ububodwa bumisela ukuba ngubani onokufikelela, ngubani onokuvelisa, kwaye sinyusa njani imveliso ukuhlangabezana nesidingo," amalungu eCongress aphawule kwingxelo yeendaba ngelo xesha. "Asinakushiya ezi zigqibo kwinkampani yabucala enye, enengeniso."
Bambalwa abathe bathetha ngokuchasene nokhuseleko olwenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ufikelelo olulinganayo kumayeza asindisa ubomi - ubuncinane esidlangalaleni. Kodwa ngasese, imbumba yamaqela alondolozayo ihlasele ukhuseleko lwezigulane olucetywayo "njengengozi, iyaphazamisa, kwaye ayimkelekanga." Ngomhla we-7 kaMeyi ileta, abameli bamaqela angama-31, kuquka i-Hudson Institute, iBhunga labemi abachasene neNkunkuma kaRhulumente, kunye neNtshukumo yoMthengi kuQoqosho oluqinileyo, babiza iCongress ukuba igatye izikhokelo zexabiso leziyobisi kwaye ikhusele amalungelo abenzi kunye nelungelo elikhethekileyo lokuzuza kwiziyobisi njenge "Melika enkulu. impahla.โ
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ubuncinci i-15 lamaqela axoxa ngamalungelo eenkampani ezixuba amayeza ukuba enze ingeniso ekhethekileyo kwiimveliso ezinxulumene ne-coronavirus afumene inkxaso-mali kwishishini lamayeza. Phakathi kwemibutho esayine ileta kwaye ifumene iminikelo evela kwiinkampani zamachiza okanye amaqela arhweba abameleyo yi-American Legislative Exchange Council Action, umbutho wabazali, I-ALEC, ifumene ubuncinane i-$ 530,000 kwiqela lezorhwebo loPhando lwezoPhando kunye nabavelisi baseMelika, okanye i-PhRMA, ukususela kwi-2015; Abantu baseMerika kwiBhajethi eBalanced, efumene ngaphezu kwe-$ 375,000 kwi-PhRMA ukususela kwi-2015; kunye neZiko lePolisi yokuTshintsha, eyafumana i-374,500 yeedola kwi-PhRMA ngexesha elifanayo. Lilonke, i-15 kumaqela angama-31 afumene i-2.5 yezigidi zeedola kwiminikelo yoshishino lwamayeza phakathi kuka-2015 no-2019, ngokutsho uhlalutyo yokugcwaliswa kwerhafu kunye nezinye iirekhodi nguMmi woLuntu.
I-PhRMA, i-Hudson Institute, iBhunga labemi abachasene neNkunkuma kaRhulumente, isenzo soMthengi kuQoqosho olomeleleyo, i-ALEC, abantu baseMelika kwiBhajethi eLungileyo, kunye neZiko loBuchule boMgaqo-nkqubo alizange liphendule imibuzo evela kwi-Intercept kweli bali.
Ishishini lamachiza, elichithe $ 295 yezigidi kwi-lobbying ngo-2019, ngaphezulu kakhulu kunalo naliphi na elinye icandelo e-US khuselwe inkqubo yangoku yophuhliso lwamachiza kunye namaxabiso njengendlela esebenzayo yokukhuthaza utyalo-mali olufunekayo ekuyilweni kwamayeza. Okwangoku iinkampani zamachiza zingafumana amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza, adla ngokuzinika iminyaka engama-20 yamalungelo epropathi. Ngokwahlukileyo, banokufumana ububodwa bamachiza abo, anokuthintela ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ezikhuphisanayo. Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, ngokutsho I-PhRMA, emele iinkampani zophando lwebhayoloji, amalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda angundoqo ekudalweni kwamachiza afunekayo.
Ileta ye-7 kaMeyi yathi ukwala iinkampani ngamalungelo akhethekileyo okwenza inzuzo kwiimveliso zazo okanye ukuzifuna ukuba zichaze ulwazi oluyimfihlo kuya kunceda i-China kwaye kwenzakalise abantu abane-Covid-19 kunye nezinye izifo.
Kodwa ngokukaDoggett, usihlalo weNdlu yeeNdlela kunye neeMeans Health Committee kunye nomnye wababhali bezikhokelo, kukunyoluka kwamayeza okubeka ingozi yokwenyani. โUkwazi ukuba la maqela anomdla ngokwenene amele ntoni: Landela imali. Kanye njengeminikelo yabo yesisa yephulo, i-Big Pharma-inkxaso-mali ifuna ukukhusela amandla odwa ukuze akhuphe elona xabiso liphezulu - nokuba uya kuhlawula nantoni na abagulayo nabafayo, โubhale uDoggett kwingxelo ethunyelwe nge-imeyile kwi-Intercept. "Le leta ikhuthaza kuphela ukungasebenzi okuqhubekayo ukukhusela utyalo-mali lwabarhafi kwiCongress esele ingenamandla ngokupheleleyo ebusweni beBig Pharma."
Izikhokelo ze-15 ka-Epreli, ekusafuneka zifakwe kumthetho ocetywayo, yayingeyiyo inzame yokuqala yeedemokhrasi zokugada ukunyuswa kwamaxabiso ngexesha lo bhubhani. Ngo-Matshi, uSchakowsky kunye nabanye bazama ukufaka ulwimi kwiphakheji yoncedo lwe-coronavirus olunokuthi lube namalungelo abenzi beziyobisi obunobukrelekrele kwaye bavumele urhulumente wobumbano ukuba athathe inyathelo ukuba unesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba unyango okanye ugonyo oluphuhliswe ngemali yoluntu luxatyiswe kakhulu. phezulu. Kodwa ngelixa uyilo lwangaphambili lomthetho oyilwayo lubandakanya ezi zibonelelo, abaphembeleli beshishini lamayeza baphumelele ukuzifumana. zisuswe ukusuka kumthetho wokugqibela.
Mhlawumbi eyona nto icaphukisayo kubenzi bomthetho beDemokhrasi yinto yokuba uninzi lwamachiza (ukuba asingawo onke) amachiza abafuna ukuwakhusela kumaxabiso aphezulu aphuhlisiwe ngokuyinxenye ngeedola zabarhafi. Phakathi kwe-2010 kunye ne-2016, zonke ichiza ezivunyiweyo yi-Food and Drug Administration zixhamle kwisayensi exhaswa ngemali ngophando lwe-federal ngokusebenzisa amaZiko ezeMpilo eSizwe, ngokutsho kweqela elikhuthazayo. Izigulana zamachiza afikelelekayo. Ngelo xesha, abarhafi bachithe ngaphezu kweebhiliyoni zeerandi ezili-100 kolo phando.
Nangona abarhafi baseMelika โbengabatyali-mali abaziingelosiโ kumayeza, njengoko watshoyo uDoggett, abaninzi abanako ukuhlawulela unyango abalubhalileyo. Abanye abantu abazizigidi ezingama-58 e-US baxele ukuba abanako ukuthenga amayeza, ngokutsho kukaNovemba ka-2019. Poll Galp, ekwafumanise ukuba abantu abazizigidi ezingama-34 baxela ukuba bayamazi umntu oswelekileyo emva kokungalufumani unyango.
Ingxaki ayintshanga. โSiyibonile amaxesha ngamaxesha: Urhulumente wenza wonke umsebenzi ngeSigaba sesi-III solingo, emva koko anike ilayisensi kumvelisi ukuze agqibezele imvume. Kufana naloo minyaka yotyalo-mali lukarhulumente ibingekho, โubhale uDeLauro kwingxelo yakhe kwi-Intercept. โNjengoSihlalo wekomitana exhasa ngemali amaZiko ezeMpilo eSizwe kunye neBiomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, ndinolwazi olunzulu malunga nokuba yimalini etyalwa ngurhulumente wase-US kuphando olubalulekileyo nolusindisa ubomi kweli lizwe. โ
Abantu abane-HIV kunye ne-hepatitis C baqhelene kabuhlungu nokusilela kwenkqubo yamaxabiso amayeza e-US. Nangona amayeza esele ekhona kule minyaka ili-10 idlulileyo ukunyanga olu sulelo lwentsholongwane, amashumi amawaka abantu asasweleka ngenxa yokuba abakwazi ukuwathenga. โSijongile njengoko ezi zifo ziqhubeka ziphuma zingalawuleki kwaye zibulala abantu,โ utshilo uJames Krellenstein welizwe. PrEP4Yonke iNtsebenziswano, Iqela elasekwa ngo-2018 ukuze lithethelele ufikelelo jikelele kumayeza asindisa ubomi e-HIV kwaye landise umsebenzi walo ukuze liquke i-Covid-19 ngoFebruwari. โKuzo zombini ezi meko, sibona ukuba sinamayeza aphezulu, asebenza kakhulu kwiimeko ezininzi ezixhaswa ngemali kawonke-wonke kwaye sibona iinkampani zamachiza ziwabeka amaxabiso la ngamaxabiso axhomileyo.โ
Ezinye zeenkampani ezifumana inkxaso-mali karhulumente yokuphuhlisa unyango lwe-coronavirus kunye nogonyo zinike isiqinisekiso malunga namaxabiso azo. UStรฉphane Bancel, i-CEO yeModerna, efumene iidola ezingama-486 ezigidi zeerandi zenkxaso-mali yomanyano ukukhawulezisa umsebenzi wayo kugonyo lwe-coronavirus, uthembise ukuba "ucinga kakhuluโ xa kuziwa kumaxabiso. Kwaye uJohnson noJohnson, abafumene ngaphezulu kweedola ezingama-600 ezigidi kwinkxaso-mali yomanyano kunyango lwabo lwe-coronavirus kunye nomsebenzi wokugonya, bathi ugonyo lwabo, ubuncinci, luya kuba โ.ngexabiso. "
Kodwa uKrellenstein uthe ukushiya izigqibo malunga namaxabiso amayeza e-coronavirus ezandleni zeenkampani zamachiza - indlela ethatyathwe nge-HIV kunye ne-hepatitis C - iya kuba yimpazamo enkulu. โSiyazi ukusuka kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo ukuba indlela yangoku yokungenzi nto ikhokelela ekuqhubekeni kobhubhani kunye nokuqhubekeka kokufa kwabantu abaninzi,โ utshilo.
Kwimeko ye-remdesivir, unyango lwe-antiviral olwenziwe yiSayensi yaseGiliyadi oluvavanywa njengonyango lwe-Covid-19, PrEP4All. echaza kuba oosonzululwazi bakarhulumente wase-US babonakala benegalelo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ekudalweni kwayo, urhulumente angaba ngabanini bamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza. Ukuba i-remdesivir ibonakalisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni le ntsholongwane, eyi- umbuzo ovulekileyo, eli qela lithi urhulumente unokwandisa ngokulula ukufikelela kuyo.
IGiliyadi yanikela ngesixa sayo sokuqala sechiza kurhulumente womanyano kwaye ngoku ilungiselela ukulithengisa. Umphathi wenkampani uDaniel O'Day uxelele CNBC, "Siyaluqonda uxanduva lwethu kwizigulana kunye nakubaninizabelo kwaye siza kulungelelanisa oko."
Nokuba inobunini bakhe be-remdesivir, urhulumente wase-US unelungelo lokungahoyi naliphi na ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ukuba nje ubonelela inkampani "imbuyekezo efanelekileyo" ngelungiselelo lomthetho elaziwa ngokuba Icandelo 1498. Umthetho usebenza njengohlobo lommandla obalaseleyo weemveliso ezinelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, ovumela urhulumente ukuba aphule ulawulo lwenkampani kwimveliso kwaye avumele ukhuphiswano lwamaxabiso aphantsi.
Iqela elandayo labantu linokuzuza koku kunye namanye amanyathelo okwenza amayeza e-Covid-19 afikeleleke. Xa uSchakowsky kunye noogxa bakhe babetyhila isindululo sabo okokuqala ngo-Epreli, bekukho ngaphezulu kwama-600,000 aqinisekisiweyo usulelo lwe-coronavirus e-US Ngexesha amaqela afumana inkxaso-mali kumashishini amayeza athumela ileta yawo kumalungu eNdlu, elo nani laliphindaphindeke kabini. Ngaphantsi kwenyanga kamva, iye yaphindaphindeka kathathu ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-1.8 yezigidi, kwaye bangaphezulu kwe-105,000 abantu ababhubhileyo kwi-Covid-19.
Kodwa abenzi bomthetho base-US abakanyanzelisi ukhuseleko ekonyusweni kwamaxabiso. Kwaye ngelixa ishishini loxubo-mayeza laseMelika lityhala ukugcina amandla alo okumisela kuphela amaxabiso amayeza kunye nenzuzo evela kwiimveliso zamayeza, uninzi lwehlabathi lusiya kwelinye icala. NgoLwesihlanu, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi utyhile a umzamo wehlabathi ukudibanisa ipropathi yomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, idatha, kunye nophando olunxulumene ne-Covid-19. Ngelixa amazwe angama-36 sele ebhengeze inkxaso yawo kule projekthi, i-US yayingekho phakathi kwabo. Kanye njengokuba i-WHO yayichaza isicwangciso sayo sokwabelana ngokubanzi ngezibonelelo zenkqubela phambili yesayensi, uMongameli uDonald Trump wayebhengeza isicwangciso sakhe sokurhoxa kumbutho wehlabathi.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela