Vazhinji vakakatyamadzwa nesarudzo dzemuArgentina dzaNyamavhuvhu 13, idzo dzakaona mumiriri wekurudyi wekurudyi, Javier Milei, achihwina zvinodarika makumi matatu muzana emavhoti akaiswa uye kusundidzira vanopikisa nekutonga mibatanidzwa munzvimbo yechipiri neyechitatu, zvichiteerana.
Mhedzisiro iyi inoisa Milei pachinzvimbo chepamusoro kuti afambire mberi musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika musi wa 22 Gumiguru uye kupinda murun-off yechipiri. Kana akakunda, Milei akavimbisa kuita hupfumi hwenyika, kutengesa hupfumi hwenyika, kubvisa makurukota gumi nerimwe (kusanganisira hutano, dzidzo, dzimba nevakadzi), kuvhara bhanga guru uye kuderedza mari inoshandiswa neveruzhinji nezvikamu gumi neshanu kubva muzana.
Saka, munhu akamirira bato — Liberty Advances — rakavambwa makore maviri apfuura, akawana sei rutsigiro rwakadaro? Nepo mhedzisiro yake inokodzera mukati memaitiro epasi rose e radical right kukunda, chiitiko cheMilei chine midzi muzvinhu zvishanu zvemba.
One: Hazvibviri kunzwisisa kuputika kwaMilei panzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika pasina kunzwisisa kudzika kwehuwandu hwekusagutsikana kunokonzerwa nemakore gumi ekuderera kwehupfumi, kuderera kwemari, inflation yegore negore inopfuura 100%, kuwedzera kwemhosva uye kuwedzera kwevashandi.
Izvi zvinhu zvakasangana kuti zvigadzire kudzikiswa kwakanyanya kwehupenyu, kusaenzana kukuru uye kuwedzera kwakapetwa kane muhurombo kubva muna 2018, iyo ikozvino inodarika 40%.
Piri: Rutsigiro rwemibatanidzwa mikuru miviri, ose ari maviri akatungamira dambudziko rehupfumi iri, aparara.
Bato rinotonga rePeronist coalition, Union for the Homeland, rakawana zvimwe zvakaipisisa musarudzo kubva pakapera hudzvanyiriri muna 1983.
Kwemakumi maviri emakore apfuura, Argentina yanga ichitongwa neKirchnerism, iyo yepakati-kuruboshwe iripo mukati mePeronism iyo inotora zita rayo kubva kune vaviri Nestor Kirchner naCristina Fernández de Kirchner, avo vakakunda musarudzo dzakatevedzana pakati pa2002 na2011.
Zvakawanda sedzimwe nzvimbo dzepakati-kuruboshwe uye dzakasiya hurumende dzeSouth America mukutanga kwezana ramakore, Kirchnerism yakamiririra kuzorora zvishoma kubva kuneoliberalism, nehurongwa hwayo hwekupindira kwehurumende hunyoro uye nekuwedzera zvirongwa zvemagariro.
Asi kutadza kuita shanduko dzakavimbiswa kwakaona rutsigiro rweKirchnerism rwuchidzikira. Mushure mekukundwa kwayo musarudzo dzemuna 2015, Peronism yakasarudza mumwe munhu ane mwero, Alberto Fernández, musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika dza2019. NaCristina semutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika, tikiti rePeronist rakahwina ne48% yemavhoti.
Gore rino, Peronism yakangounganidza 27% yevhoti yakasanganiswa - kupatsanurwa pakati pegurukota rezvehupfumi (uye anti-Kirchnerist) Sergio Massa (21%) uye anopikisa Kirchnerist Juan Grabois (6%). Grabois akabatana nemushandirapamwe mukuedza kwekupedzisira kuunganidza vanofambira mberi vasingade kuvhotera Massa - kunyangwe hazvo Cristina aimutsigira.
Mubatanidzwa wevanopikisa wepakati-kurudyi, Together for Change, wanga uchitonga pasi paMauricio Macri muna 2015‒19, hauna kuita zvirinani. Nekuda kuzviratidza seyo chete mota inogoneka yekukunda Peronism, mubatanidzwa wakawana mavhoti mashoma pane Milei, nehwaro hwawo hwakakamurwa zvakakamurwa pakati pe hardliner Patricia Bullrich (17%) uye pakati-kurudyi ane mwero Horacio Larreta (11%).
Chimwe chiratidzo chekudonha uku yaive rekodhi yekusavhota, nevanopfuura 31% yevavhoti vakasarudza kugara pamba (7% kupfuura sarudzo dzakapfuura), uye 5.5% vakakanda mavhoti asina kana chinhu.
Tatu: Mukati meiyi dambudziko rehupfumi uye zvematongerwo enyika, vhoti yaMilei yaimiririra kurambwa kwemibatanidzwa miviri iyi, uye tarisiro yekuchinja.
Kunyora Le Monde Diplomatique, José Natanson akati - aranga Kirchnerism muna 2015, Macrism muna 2019 uye Peronism muna 2021 - "nguva ino [nzanga yeArgentina] yakatsvaga chimwe chinhu chitsva".
Vakawana izvi muna Milei, uyo mumavhiki anotungamira sarudzo, akakudza muhurukuro yake yekunyanyisa - iyo inosanganisa nhaurirano inopokana neCommunist neinopokana nevakadzi nemitemo yemusango, sekutsigira musika wemahara wekutenga nekutengesa. nhengo dzevanhu - pamatanho ehupfumi uye kurwisa "caste" yezvematongerwo enyika.
Simba iri rairatidzwa pamusangano wekuvhara nekukunda kwaMilei, uyo wakaona mhomho yevanhu ichiimba kuti: “Vabudise kunze vese, mumwe nemumwe wavo” - rwiyo rwakabatana nekumukirana kwa2001 kwakabvisa vatungamiri vashanu muvhiki uye zvakakonzera kusimuka Kirchnerism.
China: Hurukuro yaMilei yakabaya mwoyo nechikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevavhoti, uye haigone kungotorwa sevhoti yekuratidzira, kana kungobva panhau kana kutsigirwa nebhizinesi. Uyewo hazvina kukonzerwa nekuchinja kukuru kwakarurama munzanga: sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaratidza kuti kunyange vazhinji vevavhoti vake vanoramba mitemo yake yakanyanyisa.
Asi, kupfuura pfungwa yakajairika yekuratidzira uye shanduko, hurukuro yaMilei yakakwanisa kupinza manzwiro mukati mezvikamu zvinokura zvevashandi: kunyanya vashandi vasina kurongeka, vashandi vasina njodzi, avo vari mumaindasitiri matsva, asina kubatana uye vechidiki muhupfumi hwegig.
Milei akaita zvakanakisisa pakati pezvikamu izvi, uye kwete pakati pevavhoti vekare. Vhoti yake yaive yekuronga patsva kwekodzero kubva pasi pane kudzokorodza kubva kumusoro.
Pakati pezvikamu izvi, pfungwa dzebhizimusi, kuzvipa simba, njodzi uye "rusununguko" - zvese izvo Milei's anti-statist libertarianism inombundira - zvinoita se "zvakajairika" uye zvinogutsa pane pfungwa dzekubatana uye mubatanidzwa uye zvipikirwa zvakakura kubva zvakafanana. boka rezvematongerwo enyika rekare.
Zvimwe zvisingashamisi, mukurumbira waMilei wakatanga kusimuka pakati pekuvharika kwenguva refu kwakaiswa muArgentina panguva yedenda reCCIDID-19, apo hurukuro yake ye "rusununguko" yakaonekwa zvakasiyana mukati mezvikamu izvo zvaive zvisina imwe sarudzo kunze kwekubva pamba kuti ushande uye urarame.
Shanu: Kugona kwaMilei kufambisa manzwiro aya ekusagutsikana kwakafambiswa nekugamuchirwa kwemasangano evashandi munyika nemafambisirwo emagariro. Mukati medambudziko, uye vasingakwanise kupa chiono chezvikamu izvi zviri kubuda zvevashandi, vakatsvaga zvakanyanya kukoshesa nhaurirano nehurumende yePeronist vachichinjana kuchengetedza runyararo mumigwagwa.
Pasina imwe nzira yedare reparamende yekuratidza hasha kana kupererwa, mamiriyoni panzvimbo pezvo akaita kudaro pabhokisi rekuvhota.
Zvisinei nemigumisiro yakanaka yapfuura, iyo radical Left and Workers Front-Unity (FIT-U) haina kukwanisa kushandisa pakusagutsikana uku. Izvi zvaive muchikamu nekuda kwemushandirapamwe waGrabois, uyo wakadzosera mavhoti kumashure kuPeronism, uye nyaya yekuti FIT-U yakamhanyisa maprimaries akapatsanurwa, akakwikwidzwa nematikiti maviri ane misiyano isinganzwisisike kune vazhinji.
Milei anogona kuzotadza kuhwina chigaro chemutungamiri wenyika: nhoroondo ichangoburwa inoratidza zvakabuda muma primaries hazvisi hazvo kuratidza mavhoti musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika. Asi kunyangwe Milei akasakunda, akatosimudzira zvematongerwo enyika-semazuva ese uye bato rake rinenge riine zvakakosha - kana zvisingaite - kuvapo muparamende.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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Ndagara ndichibvunza kuti sei vanhu vekuArgentina vasingamukire hurumende ine huori iyo yakanganisa veruzhinji? Mhinduro iri pachena, mushure mekunge hurumende yemauto ine hutsinye hwakanyanya munhoroondo yayo yatora hutongi kubva muna 1976-1983, apo nyika yakatendeukira zvakare kumauto kuti vagadzirise kurongeka uye "kuchenesa zvinhu" zvichitevera njodzi yakasarudzika yevagari vemo uye vakasarudzwa "nedemocracy". hurumende-kutenderera kwanga kuchiitika mukati mezana ramakore rechi20, ivo havana zvakare kuda kuisa njodzi kune imwe hurumende yehondo ine hutsinye apo zviuru makumi matatu "vakanyangarika." Asi Milei anomiririra kumukira "kwakanaka", kunyangwe Donald Trump achimiririra kuratidzira kwakasimba muUS. Nenguva isipi, chikamu chakakosha chehuwandu, ingave muArgentina kana US inopindura. Kuda kana kusada.