Mhirizhonga inopikisa hurumende yakazunungusa Venezuela muna Kukadzi zvakare yakaisa nyaya yekukurumidza kwekuchinja kuita gakava rakakura pamusoro peshanduko yesocialist. Radical Chavistas, vachiratidza kushingairira chinzvimbo uye faira resangano, vanodaidzira kudzamisa โmaitiro echimurenga,โ ukuwo vaChavista vane mwero vachifarira kubvumidzwa kudzivirira kuwedzera kwemhirizhonga. Dambudziko rimwe chetero rakatarisana nehurumende yesocialist yeSalvador Allende mukutanga kwema1970, asi pasi pemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika akasiyana. Kusiyana neChile, Hugo Chรกvez nemutsivi wake Nicolรกs Maduro vakakunda sarudzo dzese dzenyika mukati memakore gumi nemashanu nevakawanda kwazvo. Pamusoro pezvo, Chavistas, kubvira makore ekutanga, vakachengeta kutonga kwakasimba kwemasangano maviri akakosha munyika: mauto nekambani yemafuta ehurumende PDVSA.
Kusimudzirwa kwenzvimbo yeChavista uye faira, pamwe chete nekuunganidza kwevanhu vakawanda, kwakava chinhu chinodiwa kuti hurumende yeMaduro irarame mune zvematongerwo enyika pamberi pekuvhiringidza kwevanopikisa uye dzimwe nguva maitiro echisimba muna February. Saka pamazuva akateedzana mukupera kwaFebruary, Maduro akataura pamisangano mizhinji yevakadzi, vashandi vemafuta, vatyairi vemidhudhudhu, vashandi verunhare, uye pakupedzisira varimi nevanhu veko. Panhambo imwe neimwe vamiriri vesangano renzanga vaidaidzira โkudzika kwegadziriro yechimurenga,โ โkushanduka-shanduka,โ uye โsimba ravanhu.โ Maduro, kune chikamu chake, akatsanangura matanho akakurumbira uye dzimwe nguva aityisidzira vepamusoro nekuita radicalization. Uku kusanganiswa kwetarisiro yekusimudzira uye zvirongwa zvakaziviswa zvinotsigira zvikamu zvakakurumbira zvakagonesa Chรกvez kukunda mamiriro ematambudziko munguva yakapfuura.
Saizvozvowo, pakarepo mushure mokukunda kwega kwega, hurumende yeChรกvez yakatora mukana weguta rayo rezvematongerwo enyika nekuzivisa matanho akashinga. Semuyenzaniso, zvichitevera kukunda kwake musarudzo dzekurangarira muna 2004, Chรกvez akazvitsanangura semushoshori uye akatora mafekitori akati wandei akasiiwa. Mushure mekutora kwake 63% yevhoti musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika dzemuna 2006, akaisa maindasitiri ehunyanzvi. Kuratidzwa kunoshamisa kwevaChavistas musarudzo dzemuna Zvita 2013 kwakaratidzika kutevedzera nzira imwechete mukuti pakarepo mushure memakwikwi, Maduro akatora njodzi dzakaverengerwa. Maonero, zvisinei, akapatsanurwa mukati mesangano rekuti kufamba kwake kwakabatsira mukudzika kwechimurenga here kana kuti kumiririra danho rekudzokera kumashure. Matanho aakaita akagadzirirwa kutarisana nematambudziko ekushomeka kwezvinhu zvakakosha, kukwira kwemitengo kuri pamusoro pezvakatarwa nehurumende, 56% inflation rate (inoda kusvika katatu iyo yegore rapfuura), kufungidzira kwemari, uye kuramba vanopikisa kuti vaone kuti hurumende ndeyechokwadi.
Mavhoti akanaka esarudzo muna Zvita akamiririra shanduko kuMutungamiri Maduro. Nguva pfupi mushure mekufa kwaChรกvez munaKurume 2013, Maduro akasarudzwa semutungamiri nechikamu chidiki chisingatarisirwi che1.7%. Mukududzira mhedzisiro, vanopikisa uye vezvenhau vakazvimiririra vakasimbisa chokwadi chekuti Maduro akatadza kuenderana nehutungamiriri hwaChavez. The International Herald Tribune, semuenzaniso, akamhanyisa nyaya paChavistas akaodzwa mwoyo uye akataura mumwe aiti achiri kutsigira hurumende asi, achireva Maduro, akawedzera, "Hatidi mutungamiri anoseka."
Kuzivikanwa kwaMaduro kwakadzoka muna Mbudzi paakazivisa hondo pafungidziro yemitengo uye mukuita izvi kwakasimbisa hwaro hweChavista. Sechikamu chemushandirapamwe wakashambadzirwa, Maduro nevakuru vehurumende vakaongorora zvipfeko zvakakura zvekutengesa ndokunyora izvo zvaakadaidza kuti "mitengo inotyisa" yemidziyo yemumba uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinounzwa ne "madhora akasarudzika" - madhora anotengeswa nehurumende kune vatengesi nemutengo wakaderera. mutengo muVenezuelan bolivars. VeNational Guard vakatora zvitoro panguva imwe chete iyo mitengo yakaderedzwa; muzviitiko zvakawanda, hurumende yaisunga nekutanga matare edzimhosva kune varidzi vezvitoro. Iyi nzira yekusaita zvisina musoro yakaitika pakati pevavhoti muna Zvita. Sekureva kwekambani inoona nezveveruzhinji yeHinterlaces, makumi manomwe muzana evaVenezuela vakabvumidza "kukanganisa hupfumi" uye 70% vakatsigira matanho ekudzikamisa purofiti.
Kutevera sarudzo dzaDecember, Maduro akatsanangura nzira nhatu. Kutanga, akaratidza kuda kwake kusangana nevatungamiriri vanopikisa uye vemabhizimisi kuti vawane nzira dzokuderedza kusawirirana uye kugadzirisa matambudziko chaiwo. Chechipiri, akazivisa matanho akaomesesa anopokana nevanofungidzira, hoarders, uye contrabandists. Pakupedzisira, mutungamiri wenyika akatsvaga "kuenzanisa" zvidzoreso zvehurumende kuderedza mutsauko pakati pemitengo yakadzorwa uye kukosha kwemusika kwezvinhu nemasevhisi. Maitiro ese ari matatu akaunza kukakavara mukati nekunze kwesangano reChavista, uye zvingadai zvisina kuitika mune zvematongerwo enyika dai maChavistas asina kuita zvakanaka musarudzo dzaDecember.
Mazano ese ari matatu aiperekedzwa nemaitiro chaiwo. Mazuva gumi chete mushure mesarudzo dzaDecember, Maduro akasangana nemagavhuna nemameya achangobva kusarudzwa evanopikisa nechinangwa chekuteerera zvichemo zvavo uye mazano pamusoro pezvinetso zvinomwe zvakananga munharaunda kusanganisira kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, kuvaka dzimba, uye hutano. Mukupera kwaNdira akaona kubvumidzwa kweMutemo weKudzorwa Kwemitengo Yakanaka, Mitengo, uye Profits, iyo inomisa mitongo yejeri inosvika makore gumi nemana kune vanopandukira, makore gumi nemaviri kune avo vanopomerwa mhosva yekuhodha, uye makore masere kusvika gumi kune vatengesi vanotengesa pamusoro. mitengo yakadzorwa. Pamusoro pezvo, mutemo unogadza hofisi yemubatanidzwa kuti itarise mitengo uye kuvimbisa kuti purofiti haipfuure inosvika makumi matatu muzana ekudyara.
Pakupedzisira, mukuedza kugadzirisa hupfumi, Maduro akadzikisa zvakanyanya bolivar kubva pa6.3 kusvika ku11.3 kusvika kudhora rekutengesa kunze kwezvinhu zvisingakoshi pamwe chete nevashanyi vanoenda kunze kwenyika. Kupinza kuchinjika muhupfumi, Maduro akasiya akavhurika mukana wekuti mwero wekuchinjana unogona kuchinjika nguva nenguva sezvinogona kudzora mitengo yezvinhu zvakakosha. Gurukota reMagetsi neMafuta Rafael Ramรญrez akayangararawo pfungwa yekuwedzera mitengo yepeturu, yakachipa pasi rose, kuitira kubhadhara mari dzekugadzira.
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Mune mamwe maitiro, hurukuro yehurumende uye zviito zvakasiyana, zvisinei nedhigirii, kubva kune zvinzvimbo zvakatorwa naChรกvez. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti kubvira pamakore okutanga ekutonga kwake, Chรกvez akaramba kutaurirana nevamiririri vezvematongerwo enyika nevehupfumi kuti vakwanise kuyananisa nyika. Chokwadi, chinangwa chaChรกvez cherukudzo chaive chekuti aisazotora chikamu mukufamba kwakare kwanga kwatungamira bato reVenezuela kubva pakadzingwa mudzvanyiriri Marcos Pรฉrez Jimรฉnez muna 1958, uye akasiya zvikamu zvakakurumbira padivi.
Radical Chavistas uye vazhinji vari muchikamu uye faira rebato vakatya kuti kumukira kwaMaduro kune vanopikisa kwakaratidza kupfava kwezvinzvimbo zvehurumende uye kubvumidzwa kunogoneka kune zvine simba. Maonero aya akanyanya kusimudzirwa neaimbove guerrilla Toby Valderrama, uyo akapokana kuti nzira chete yekupinzwa kune vezvehupfumi yaive kutorwa kwemakambani avo, kunyanya ayo anoshandura chikafu kuita "chigadzirwa" nekubira mitengo zvisiri pamutemo kuti awedzere purofiti. Achisimbisa kutsigira kwake Maduro, Valderrama, mune chinyorwa chakanzi "Rectify or Die," akabvunza pfungwa yekuda kwemutungamiri kusangana nevemabhizinesi: "Panguva yataifanira kunge takadzamisa maitiro esocialism, takakumbira rubatsiro kubva macapitalist. Chokwadi, boka re<em>oligarchy [ma<em>capitalist ] rakadya paruoko rwedu ndokubva raruma.โ
Chiziviso chakaitwa nevakuru vakuru vehurumende vakati wandei uyezve naMaduro pachake muna 2013 chakakatyamadza vanhu vekuVenezuela uye chakapa rutsigiro rwakakura pakudaidzira kwaValderrama kuti vabviswe uye kuvharirwa mujeri. Veruzhinji vakaudzwa kuti mugore rapfuura makambani emanyepo akatambira madhora anodiwa kuti abhadhare kutenga kunze kwenyika inosvika mabhiriyoni makumi maviri emadhora. Maduro akaisa chikamu chemhosva kune vashandi vehurumende vanga vari mumakwikwi ane zvido zvekutengeserana. Kunyangwe hazvo gurukota rezvekuronga, Jorge Giordani, akatanga kupomera mhosva iyi muna Kurume 20 uye kubirwa kweveruzhinji kwakasimbiswa nguva pfupi yadarika nemukuru weCentral Bank, muna Zvita chete Maduro akadoma komisheni yemutungamiri wenyika kuti iongorore nyaya iyi. Pamusoro pezvo, kunyange hazvo makambani chiuru nemazana maviri nemakumi mana nemashanu asisakodzeri kuwana madhora akakosha nekuda kwemanyepo emashoko, hurumende yatadza kuburitsa mazita avo kana kuvaendesa kumatare. Mukutanga kwaKurume, Mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika, VaJorge Arreaza, vakazivisa kuti hurumende ichakurumidza kuburitsa mazita emakambani emanyepo akagamuchira madhora.
Zvinokatyamadza kuti hurumende yeMaduro yakagadzira mhosva idzi kana ikashaya simba rekuenderera mberi nechisimba ichipokana nezvido zvehupfumi zvine simba nevakuru vehurumende. Vamwe vaChavista vakati kusapindirana uku kwaMaduro kushaikwa kwehunyanzvi hwezvematongerwo enyika kana hungwaru. Imwe tsananguro ndeyekuti Maduro haana rukudzo nesimba raChรกvez nekudaro akafunga kudzivirira kutarisana nemapoka emabhizinesi, mamwe aine hukama kune zvikamu zvehurumende yake uye kufamba. Vatsigiri vetsanangudzo iyi vanofunga kuti nyevero dzaMaduro nezvimwe zviito zvakeโzvakadai sokutorwa kwedzimba dzokuchengetera zvinhu zvaichengeterwa zvinhu zvisiri pamutemoโzvinoratidza kuti haadi kuvhara maziso ake pakushungurudzwa kuri pachena.
Maduro akatanga hutungamiri hwake nekuzvipira kurwisa huori. Mugore rose ra2013, mazana evakuru vakuru vehurumende nevamwe vakaiswa mujeri vachipomerwa mhosva dzekuita zvakaipa muhurumende. Mhosva dzepamusoro dzakasanganisira aimbova gavhuna weGuรกrico, aimbova mukuru wekambani yesimbi Ferrominera, uye meya weguta rechitatu pakukura munyika, Valencia. Vese vari vatatu vaive vaChavista vaisaonekwa sevanopesana uye vakaiswa mujeri pamwe chete nevemabhizimisi vakasiyana-siyana nevabatsiri. Hurumende dzegutsaruzhinji nedzemagariro echiKristu dzakatonga Venezuela kwemakumi mana emakore Chavez asati auya pakutonga haana kumbobvira atora matanho chaiwo erudzi urwu.
Mukutanga kwaKukadzi, mutungamiri weNational Assembly, Diosdado Cabello, akatungamira mushandirapamwe wekurwisa vatengesi vakaita purofiti inoshamisa nekutengesa kunze zvisiri pamutemo zvinhu zvakakosha izvo mitengo yaichengetwa yakadzikira nehurumende kuti ifambise kushandiswa kwakawanda. Cabello akatungamira kutorwa kwezvitengeswa mumatunhu ari kumuganhu neColombia uye akasimbirira kuti makambani aigadzira nekugadzirisa zvinhu aite kunge "anopindirana" nevatengesi vanokwidza mitengo uye nekudaro vaizoferefetwa. Akasimudza chigaba chemafuta ekubikisa cheIndustrias Diana achangobva kutorwa, Cabello akapomera vashandi vehurumende: "Izvi hazvigone kuregererwa nekuti Diana ikambani yevanhu." Panguva imwecheteyo Lactea Venezolana, mubatsiri weItaly dairy corporation Parmalat, akagamuchira faindi dzakakura dzekuchengeta mukaka wehupfu mukumisikidzwa kweCaracas.
Muongorori wezvematongerwo enyika akasiya chigaro chenguva refu Vladimir Acosta akarumbidza kupikisa kwehurumende muna Kukadzi se "nhau dzakanaka," kunyanya nekuti kushomeka kunokonzerwa nebhizinesi kwakagadzirirwa "kubuda ropa kuVenezuela." Acosta, zvisinei, akaenderera mberi achitaura nezvechiziviso chehurumende chekuti makambani makumi matatu nemaviri akabatwa aine mhosva yemidziyo yakawanda yakasiiwa pachiteshi chengarava cheVenezuela, "asi hapana kana izwi rimwe rakataurwa pamusoro pevanamuzvinabhizinesi, matanho api kana akatorwa kwavari uye. kwakawanikwa nhumbi.
Muchidimbu, hurumende yakarwisa "hondo yehupfumi" yakaitwa nezvido zvine simba. Kutsoropodza kwakadzama, nepo pasina mubvunzo kutadza kupa chigaro chemutungamiri weMaduro chikwereti chakakwana chekutarisana nevashandi vane huori uye chainodaidza kuti "parasitic bourgeoisie," inonongedza kukanganisa mumushandirapamwe wehurumende: Kuedza kwacho hakuna kuenderera; mazita aavo vanobatanidzwa mukubata zvisiri pamutemo nouori haana kuziviswa nguva dzose; hurumende dzenharaunda nemapoka emunharaunda haana kuita basa guru mukusarudza zvinangwa; uye hurumende yagara ichitadza kutevera kutyisidzira kwayo kwematare edzimhosva.
Saizvozvo, zano rehurumende rekuvhura kune vebhizinesi nevanopikisa vezvematongerwo enyika rakasangana nemafungiro akasiyana kuruboshwe uye mubato revashandi. Vatungamiriri vevashandi veboka rinotyisa reUNTE uye, kusvika padiki, ivo vane mwero Bolivarian Socialist Workers Central, vakaratidza kushushikana. Murongi wesangano reUNTE munyika, Servando Carbone, akandiudza kuti aitya kuti nhaurirano dzingave nhanganyaya mukusiiwa kwezviwanikwa zvakakosha zvevashandi, kunyanya kupihwa kwemutemo weLabour Law wa2012 uyo wairambidza kuburitswa kwemabasa mukati memakore matatu wapfuura. Hurumende pachikwereti chayo yakaisa nhamba huru yevashandi vekondirakiti mumihoro yemakambani ehurumende maindasitiri, asi inoramba ichihaya vashandi muhutungamiriri hweveruzhinji pachibvumirano. Carbone akasimbirira, kuti: โChinooneka mukurukurirano dzose kudisa kubvumidza; izvi ndizvo zvingave zvakamirira kurambidzwa kwetsika yakashata yekushambadzira.
Vamwe vevanhu vane masimba masimba vari kurambawo kuyananiswa nevatungamiri vezvematongerwo enyika vanopikisa, asi hurukuro yehurumende yaitsigira nhaurirano yakaita semhinduro ine musoro uye inoshanda kune mhirizhonga nehasha dzinosimudzirwa vanopikisa. Musangano wakaitwa pakati paMaduro nemagavhuna nemameya anopikisa muna Zvita, semuenzaniso, waive kucherechedzwa kwechokwadi kwemutungamiri wenyika nevatungamiriri vakaramba kutambira zvakabuda musarudzo dzemuna Kubvumbi 2013. Saizvozvo, vezvematongerwo enyika vakasiyana-siyana vanopikisa kusanganisira munyori mukuru weMovement towards Socialism (MAS) pamwe neboka repamusoro rebhizinesi reFedecรกmaras, iro rakatungamira kurwisa Chavez muna 2002, vakapinda mu "National Peace Conference" yakarongwa naMaduro mukupera kwaFebruary. Kurudziro yavo yekuti mhirizhonga yezvematongerwo enyika ipere yakamirira kurwadzisa mubatanidzwa wemapato anopikisa, weMUD, uyo wakarasa musangano uyu.
Chokwadi, danho raMaduro rekutaurirana nevatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika vanopesana neChavista raive rakagadzirirwa kuvepo kwekupokana mukati meMUD. Maererano nemaonero aya, izvo zvinonzi neChavistas "fascist" boka, iro rakaronga zviratidziro zvinodaidzira kuti Maduro abviswe muna Kukadzi, inopesana ne "democracy" iyo inotarisa pane dzimwe nyaya kwete shanduko yehurumende. Aimbove mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika uye akasiya chigaro chenguva refu Josรฉ Vicente Rangel ave nemakore achikurudzira iyi nzira yekusiyanisa. Muchiratidziro chake chevhiki nevhiki chehurukuro, โJosรฉ Vicente Hoy,โ muna February, Rangel akataura kuti tsigiro yekurukurirano iri kubudisa โmushonga wokubikira pamatope; mazuva emubatanidzwa ava mashoma.
Zvakangodaro, kuratidzira kwakazunguza Venezuela munaFebruary kune kumwe kuverenga. Sekureva kweMutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weNational Assembly Diosdado Cabello, mutakuri weMUD Henrique Capriles nevamwe vari kutamba basa re "good cop" uye vari kushanda vakabatana mugurovhosi ne "mapurisa akaipa," anonzi maFascists. Kunyange kuratidzira kune runyararo kwakaombererwa nevanopikisa kwose kwaisanganisira kuvhiringwa kwemotokari zuva nezuva kunogadzirirwa kumisa zvifambiso zvomumaguta. Mukuwedzera, Capriles, mubasa rake sagavhuna wehurumende yeMiranda, pamwe chete nemamwe magavhuna anopikisa uye mameya aionekwa se "mademocrats," akarega kuva nechisimba munzvimbo dzavo dzekutonga. Zvinokosha zvakaenzana, vanopikisa sese, uye kwete kungoita mhirizhonga, vakaramba kubvuma kutendeseka kwaMaduro mushure mekunge asarudzwa muna 2012, sezvaive zvakaita hutongi hwaChรกvez. Vatungamiri veChavista vakapokana pakati pekukumbira kuzvipira kwedemocracy yevatungamiriri vanopikisa "vane mutoro" uye kushorwa kwehurongwa hwekurangana hwevose vanopikisa.
Imwe shanduko kubva mumakore eChรกvez makakatanwa ari pakati pevatungamiriri veChavista uye radicals, vekupedzisira avo nenzira dzakawanda vanoratidza kushushikana kwechikwata uye faira. Maduro akanyomba achipesana naValderrama kunyangwe ari mudiki mubato reChavista, achidana kunyora kwake "hupenzi" (pajuatadas) Pamusoro pezvo, pasi pehutungamiriri hweChรกvez paigara paine maChavista akati wandei ari munzvimbo dzekutungamira avo vaigona kuzivikanwa nevanopikisa - Fernando Soto Rojas (mutungamiri weNational Assembly) naEduardo Samรกn (mukuru wesangano rinodzivirira vatengi), semuenzaniso - izvi zvave zvichiitwa. zvishoma nyaya yaMaduro, kunyanya nekubuda kwaSamรกn muna Ndira. Chekupedzisira, maChavista akati wandei anotsoropodza ane hurukuro pachiteshi chikuru cheTV neredhiyo akasangana nematambudziko uye zvino akatepfenyura zvirongwa zvavo pane yakazvimirira Chavista aporrea.org peji rewebhu uye kumwewo.
Zvakanyanya kunetsa kune ma radicals chimiro chepamusoro-pasi chebato raMaduro, United Socialist Party yeVenezuela (PSUV). Vese vanomwe vevatevedzeri vemutungamiri wePSUV vanomiririra matunhu akasiyana magavhuna kana nhengo dzedare remakurukota raMaduro. Uyezve, muna 2012 bato rakarasa hurongwa hwema primaries hwakashandiswa neChavistas munguva yakapfuura. Kongiresi yePSUV ichaitwa mukupera kwaChikunguru, kusiyana neyakapfuura muna 2009 pakasarudzwa nhumwa musarudzo dzemukati menyika, ichange iine vamiriri mazana matatu nemakumi matanhatu nerimwe vanove magavhuna, mameya, nevatevedzeri venyika, uye nhamba yakati kurei yakasarudzwa ne โkubvumirana.โ
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Pakati pepakati peboka reChavista pane hukama pakati pehurumende nemapoka emabhizinesi kubva pakuramwa mabasa kwemwedzi miviri kwakapotsa kwabvisa hurumende muna 2002-2003. Nechinangwa chekuda kumisa kuramwa mabasa uku, hurumende yakatsvaga rutsigiro kune vemabhizimisi, vamwe vavo vaingozviitira vatsigiri veChavista, vamwewo vaiti kuramwa mabasa uku kwainge kusina hunyanzvi, vamwewo vachitsigira Chavismo zvakasiyana-siyana. Mushure mezvo, hutungamiriri hweChavista hwakaramba dzidziso yekuti hurumende inofanirwa kuchengetedza masangano akazvimirira oga. Panzvimbo pezvo maChavistas ari musimba akasarudza kubatwa zvakanaka mukupihwa kwezvirongwa zvemabasa eruzhinji uye zvakafanana kune avo vakadyidzana nehurumende panguva yekuramwa mabasa. Pasinei nekukurudzira kwavo, vanamuzvinabhizimisi ava vaionekwa sevakavimbika kudarika sangano rebhizimisi rakagadzwa Fedecรกmaras, iro rakanga ratungamirira kuedza kwakawanda kupidigura Chรกvez.
Kunyange zvazvo hukama hunokosha nevamwe vanamuzvinabhizimisi hwaibatsira kubva mumaonero akanaka, hwakakonzera uori. Kunyomba kwemadhora mabhiriyoni makumi maviri emadhora, kupfuura chero imwe budiriro, yakafumura hunza hwehurongwa. Maduro pachake akaziva kukura kwedambudziko paakavimbisa kuferefeta kuvepo kwea boliburguesรญa-izwi raimboshandiswa zvakanyanya nevapikisi kureva vezvemabhizinesi vaive vapinda muzvinhanho zvemabhunu nekuda kwehukama hwavo nehurumende yeChavista Bolivarian. VaChavista radicals vane chokwadi chekuti vemabhizimisi, vakadai saWilmer Ruperti, akaita kuuraya kwakakura kudarika vanhu vese panguva yekuramwa mabasa kweruzhinji ndokuenda nekutenga chiteshi cheTV - vangave vekutanga kuenda kumusasa wevavengi kana vanopikisa vanga vari pamusangano. kusvika pakudzokera kusimba.
Mubvunzurudzo, Munyori weSangano reVenezuelan Communist Party (PCV), Perfecto Abreu, akasiyanisa bato rake nePSUV, nemagadzirirwo ayo emapato akawanda. "PSUV inotora mabhizinesi akarongeka saizvozvi mukati mebato reChavista uye vanokohwa mabhenefiti." Semuenzaniso, Abreu akanongedza kusangano rebhizinesi reFedeindustria rinotungamirwa neChavista wezvematongerwo enyika ane shungu dzezvematongerwo enyika Miguel รngel Pรฉrez Abad.
Muchidimbu, nepo hupfumi hweVenezuelan huchiramba huchiita capitalist, vatungamiriri vakazvipira kune socialism vanobata masimba mukati menyika. Mhosva yemadhora mabhiriyoni makumi maviri emadhora inoisa muhumbowo hukama hwepedyo pakati pechimiro checapitalist nehurumende yesocialist. Shanduko yeSocialist muVenezuela ichava nzira yakareba uye yakaoma, uye kunzwisisa kwekuoma kwemaitiro aya kwakakosha kuti udzivise kuodzwa mwoyo-izvo kushoropodza kwakanyanya kwehurumende kunoisa njodzi yekukurudzira-pakati peavo vanosarudza nzira ine runyararo kune socialist. uye shanduko yedemocracy.
Zvese izvi zvinonongedza kukosha kukuru kwemapato ezvematongerwo enyika ane hutongi hwejekerere nemafambisirwo emagariro evanhu, ayo, kusiyana nenyika, akazvimirira pahwaro hwecapitalist. Chaizvoizvo nekuda kweichi chikonzero, mhedzisiro yekupedzisira yeshanduko muVenezuela ichave yakatemerwa kwete zvakanyanya neavo vari pamusoro, asi pachinzvimbo uye faira rePSUV nemapato akabatana uye mafambiro emagariro munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzinosanganisira, pamwero mukuru, migwagwa. Simba iri rakaonekwa mumwedzi waKukadzi wakazara nemhirizhonga. Kuunganidzwa kweChavista, pamwe chete nemaonero ari pasi pasi pechinjo inoenderera mberi, yaive yakakosha mukutarisana nekutyisidzira kwekupandukira kupfuura nhaurirano dzehurumende-vanopikisa, izvo zvaisanganisira vamwe vatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika vasina chinangwa chekusiya maitiro avo ekuchinja hurumende.
Steve Ellner akadzidzisa nhoroondo yehupfumi kuUniversidad de Oriente muPuerto La Cruz, Venezuela kubvira 1977 uye nguva pfupi yadarika muchirongwa cheyunivhesiti cheMisiรณn Sucre. Ndiye mupepeti we Latin America's Radical Left: Matambudziko uye Matambudziko eSimba rezvematongerwo enyika muzana ramakore remakumi maviri nekutanga, r.ichangobva kuburitswa naRowman naLittlefield.
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