Benghazi, Libya - Vasungwa vemuAfrica vanogara pamadziro mukati menzvimbo yekuchengetedza yave kutungamirwa nevapanduki.
Kanzuru inopikisa inotonga kumabvazuva kweLibya yakaunza vatori venhau vekunze kuti vaone makumi mashanu emuAfrica nemaLibya
vanonzi vanga vachirwira VaMoammar Kadafi. (Mufananidzo naLuis Sinco / Los Angeles Times)
Pava nemwedzi ingangoita miviri hondo yevagari vemuLibya yatanga, uye kunyangwe Gaddafi asati akurirwa zviri pachena kuti chitsauko chake muBhuku reNhoroondo chichapera nekubviswa kwake. NeUS, West neSaudi Arabia vachitsigira vapanduki pachena uye nekupa rubatsiro rwezvematongerwo enyika nemauto ingori nyaya yenguva kusvika hurumende itsva yatora nyika ine mafuta. Uye kunyangwe chitsauko ichi chichiri nemapeji mashoma asara kune mamwe machinjiro uye anotendeuka anoita seave kutozivikanwa, kunyangwe zvisingataurwe.
Kune imwe, izvi hazvizoperi nekuti, "Uye munhu wese akararama achifara nekusingaperi." Hapana nyaya inomboita. Uye kune vatema vemuAfrica muLibya โ kana avo vakatiza kana vachiri kutiza โ izvi hazvigone kuve chokwadi. Inyaya yavo inosimbisa dambudziko reChimurenga cheArab. Kune vakawanda, chakatanga sekubva kune dzimwe nyika kutsvaga basa kuti vadyise mhuri dzavo, nyaya inowanikwa mumakondinendi ose, yakakurumidza kushanduka kuva dambudziko revanhu sezvavanotiza kuti vachengeteke.
Libya, iri kuchamhembe kweAfrica, ine ruzhinji rwemaArabu. Rinewo dambudziko rerusaruraganda. Munyika ine vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matanhatu umo chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chavo vari vatema vomuAfricaโboka rakadzvinyirirwa zvikuru munyika yachoโzvingava zvakakodzera chose kubvunza kuti: Nei vasiri rutivi rwechimurenga? Sei uku kuri "kumukira kweArab"? Zvinoshamisa zvikuru kuona boka rinodzvinyirirwa zvakanyanya risingangosanganisiri nechimurenga asi richitiza richityisa. Mumwe mubvunzo unonakidza ndewekuti: Kana vapanduki vachida rubatsiro rwekunze kuti vakunde, uye kuti vazvidzivirire pakupondwa kwevanhu, sei vasina kukumbira ruzhinji rwevatema kuti vabatane muhondo yavo mukubatana?
Ndakabata hutungamiriri hwevapanduki kakawanda (kubvira Kurume 28, 2011) ikozvino ndichibvunza kana vaine chinangwa chekutaura vachipokana nekushungurudzwa kwevatema vemuAfrica uye kuvadaidza mukubatana kuti vabatane nerevolution yavo, uye kusvika nhasi handina kuwana mhinduro. Ikozvino, iyo Interim National Council (INC) ichangobva kuburitsa zviziviso nezve kurapwa kwavo vasungwa (iyo yakatevera mushumo wakanyanya kutsoropodza neLos Angeles Times inotaurwa pazasi) uye Al-Obaidi, asi havana kana shoko ravakataura pamusoro penhamo yehama nehanzvadzi dzavo dzine ganda dema. Ndinofunga kuti mubvunzo wakakwana kubvunza kuti sei vanopikisa kodzero dzevanhu vasiri kuomerera kune vatema vari pasi; vanogona kutaura zvakananga pamusoro pezvinotyisa zvakashanyirwa pamukadzi wechiArab, asi zvinoita sekunge zvisina mavari kunamatira vatema.
Uye nepo rusaruraganda rwechiArab kune vatema muLibya hachisi chinhu chitsva haisi mhosva, sezvakarehwa, Gaddafiโuyo zvamazvirokwazvo aratidza hunhu hwake hworusaruraganda sezvaakaita apo akaedza kukumbira tsigiro kunyika nokutaura kuti kana akabviswa pachigaro โEurope ichave demaโ nokuti ndiye oga anogona kumisa mapoka matema kubva pakukomba kwawo kuchamhembe.
Mutori wenhau Andrew Pervis anga ari muLibya kwenguva zhinji yekumukira uye kuchengetedza dhayari uye akanyora rusaruraganda:
Kusarurwa kwevatema muLibya kwakabatsira kufambisa ruzhinji rwekubuda munyika kwazvino kunokatyamadza. Mumabhazi, hazvishamisi kuti vanhu vekuLibya vane ganda rakapfava vaburutse nemahwindo sezvo munhu wemuAfrica ari kukwira kuti 'apepere' nzvimbo โฆ rudzi rwejee. MaSub-Saharan Africa nemaLibya ane ruvara rwakasvibira anobhadhariswa muzvitoro, ndinoudzwa. Mumugwagwa, ivo vanowanzodanwa neshoko rechiArabic rekuti 'muranda', abid. Magenโa anopfuurira kufamba mumigwagwa achinangana nevatema, achiba zvavanazvo, achirova vapi navapi vanoramba. Kune vanhu vanodada vakauya kuLibya kuzotsvaga mari yekuriritira mhuri dzavo kumusha, zvinonyadzisa zvikuru. Pakazivisa vezvenhau vehurumende masvondo akati kuti apfuura kuti vanhu vatema vemuAfrica vaive vari kupihwa basa semajenairi mumauto aGhaddafi, nharaunda yese yakaziva kuti rusaruraganda rwaive panjodzi yekuva pogrom saka vazhinji vakahwanda kana kutizira kumuganhu.
Mutsara wokupedzisira uyu wakakodzera kutariswa. Kutya kunoitwa nevatema hakusi kubva kumauto aGaddafi chete asi nevapanduki zvakare. Vanodzvinyirirwa vanowanzova neruzivo rwakadzama rwekuti zvinhu zvakamira papiโkuva nebhutsu yemumwe munhu muhuro kunogona kuita izvozvoโuye vatema vemuAfrica vanoziva kuti nekuzivisa kwaGaddafi kuti ane โCoalition of the Willingโ yake pachake kuti havasi vatsigiri vake vachashanyira kushungurudzwa pavari kuti vabatsirwe nemasoja evatema akavakidzana (kureva "mamercenaries"), asi maArabu mukumukira; kutya kwakazvarwa sezviri pamutemo.
Zvatinoda iye zvino, zvichida kupfuura chero chinhu chipi nechipi, ndechokuti vatori venhau vakawanda vaende kune vapoteri muEgypt neTunisia, kunobvunzurudza vatema veAfrica vakatiza, uye kunyora nyaya dzavo. Ndinotaura izvi nokuti tichifunga nezvemigumisiro yepropaganda system tinofanira kutarisira kuti nyaya yakamanikana uye yezvematongerwo enyika inopesana naGaddafi ichaitwa apo zvimwe zvikamu zvenyaya yacho zvichange zvisingatarisirwi (saka kana tine chido chekuziva nyaya yose izvi zvingaita se kuva yekutanga). UN yatove neboka muLibya uye vari kunyora kutsakatika kwemazana evanhu vavanofunga kuti vaishora hutongi hwaGaddafi. Asi zvakadini nevanyajambwa vokupandukira? Uye tichifunga nezvemishumo kubva pakutanga kwemwedzi uno pamusoro pekushungurudzwa kwevatema nemauto evapanduki (mamwe acho aisanganisira kushungurudzwa kusvika pakuurayiwa kwevanhu vakawanda) zvingave zvakakodzera kutarisa kuti zvinhu zvaita sei mushure memwedzi. Andrew Pervis akanga achangobva kuEgypt, asi chokwadi, isu hatiwane zvakawanda kubva kune mishumo yake kunze kwevazhinji vevatema vemuAfrica varipo vasina ruzivo rwekuita kana kwekuenda.
Kunyange zvazvo vatema vemuAfrica vari kuLibya vari kuitora kubva kumativi maviri inyaya yekuva kwavo chimurenga kunyanya inhamo. Pasina kupokana vazhinji vaitarisira kumukira uku kwaizounza ramangwana riri nani, uye kune maArabu zvingadaro, izvi hazvitaridzike sezviri kuitika kuvatema. Ndinovimba ivo vachatanga kuwana kutariswa kwakanyanya uye tsitsi. Kune avo vasingatize vapanduki vasati vatora Tripoli tinofanira kuva nehanya kwazvo nezvekuguma kwavo.
Sezvacherechedzwa, rusaruraganda rwagara rwuchitambudza Libya uye vanhu vatema vemuAfrica sevanhu vazhinji veko vanowanzove vakadzvinyirirwa. Muna October 2000 BBC yakashuma kuti โzviuru zvavatami vomuAfrica vanogara muLibya zvakarwiswa navagari vomunzvimbomo. Vamwe vakatopotera mumahofisi evamiriri vavo.โ
Kanopfuura gore rapfuura UN Tarisa, sangano rinorwira kodzero dzevanhu resangano renyika dzakawanda, rakapa mushumo pamusoro porusaruraganda muLibya: โLibya inofanira kugumisa miitiro yayo yokusarura vanhu vatema vomuAfrica, zvikurukuru kutambudza kwayo mamiriyoni maviri evashandi vechitema vomuAfrica vanotama. Pane humbowo hwakakura hwemaitiro uye tsika yeLibya yekusarura kwevashandi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika. "
Kupfuura Kudzokorora Kwemwedzi, mumwe wevapepeti vavo, Yoshie Furuhashi, yakanyora kuti, โAl Jazeera inoshuma kuti vashandi vatema vomuAfrica vava kugara vachitya munzvimbo dzinogarwa nevapanduki muLibya. Vamwe vavo vakarwiswa nemhomho, vamwe vakasungwa, uye dzimwe misha yavo nemaworkshops zvakapiswa. 'Vashandi vazhinji vemuAfrica vanoti vainzwa vakachengeteka pasi pehutongi hwaGaddafi,' anodaro Jacky Rowland weAl Jazeera, achishuma kubva kuBenghazi," uye kuti "Zvingangotora nguva kuti vamwe vese veKuruboshwe vabatane nekunyepedzera kwechigadzirwa chinotengeswa. kunyika.โ
Pa Kukadzi 23, 2011, iyo UNHCR, yakataura kuti UN "yave kuwedzera kunetseka" nezvevazhinji vanobva kuAfrica uye vanotsvaga hupoteri muLibya. "Hatina mukana panguva ino munharaunda yevapoteri," akadaro Melissa Fleming, mutauriri weUNHCR. Kubva ipapo vakawana mukana wevapoteri uye vakatenda Egypt nerubatsiro rwavo vachiona mabasa ari kuramba achiipa sezvo vapoteri vakawanda vari kuuya.
Mazuva mashoma mushure meshumo yaFebruary yakataurwa pamusoro mutori wenhau weUK Daily Mail aive muBenghazi achifukidza nezve "mamercenaries" paakataura kuti:
Vanhu vemuAfrica vandakaona vaisiyana-siyana kubva kune ane makore 20 kusvika kune ane makore ekuma40 ane ndebvu dzakacheneruka. Vazhinji vakanga vakapfeka mbatya dzenguva dzose. Pavakaona kuti ndaitaura chirungu vakabva vaputika nehasha.
'Hatina chatakaita,' mumwe akandiudza kudaro, asati anyarara. 'Tese tiri vashandi vekuvaka vanobva kuGhana. Hatina kukuvadza munhu.'
Mumwe wevaipomerwa, murume akapfeka hovhorosi yegirini, akanongedza pendi yaiva pamaoko ake ndokuti: โIri ndiro basa rangu. Handizivi kupfura pfuti.'
Abdul Nasser, ane makore makumi mana nemanomwe, akapopotera: 'Vari kunyepa nezvedu. Takatorwa kumba kwedu husiku patakanga takarara.' Vachiri kunyunyuta vakaendwa navo. Zvakanga zvakaoma kutonga mhosva yavo.
Pazuva rimwe chete BBC yakashuma kuti: โMumwe mushandi wekuvaka wokuTurkey akaudza BBC kuti: 'Taiva nevanhu 70-80 vanobva kuChad vaishanda kukambani yedu. Vakaurayiwa nemapanga okuchekerera miti uye nematemo, varwi vachiti: 'Muri kupa mauto kuna Gaddafi.' VeSudan vakapondwawo. Takazvionera.'
Mumwe muenzaniso wekusimbisa nhangemutange yacho: Pane vhidhiyo yevaratidziri vakatenderera painternet vachivaratidza vachiimba, "Isu tiri maArabu!"( kuma 2:20)
The International Business Times akaita nyaya musi wa2 Kurume yaiti,
Maererano nemishumo, vanopfuura 150 vatema vemuAfrica vanobva kunyika dzinenge gumi nembiri dzakasiyana vakapukunyuka muLibya nendege ndokumhara panhandare yendege muNairobi, Kenya nenyaya dzemhirizhonga dzinotyisa.
"Tairwiswa nevanhu veko vaiti tiri varwi vanouraya vanhu. Regai nditaure kuti vakanga vasingadi kuona vanhu vatema," Julius Kiluu, ane makore 60 okuberekwa anoona nezvekuvaka, akaudza Reuters.
Nemamiriro ezvinhu aya tinogona kutanga kunzwisisa kuti sei vatema vachimiririra ruzhinji rwemajeri ari kutungamirirwa nechimurenga, uye kusavapo kwechimurenga.
The Los Angeles Times nguva pfupi yadarika yakaburitsa chinyorwa chine musoro unoti โVapanduki veLibya vanoita sevanotora shizha kubva mubhuku rekutamba raKadafi," ivo vakati,
Vakuru vebato rinopikisa muBenghazi, avo vanotsvagira vanhu vanonzi vatsigiri veKadafi vashoropodzwa, vanotora vatori venhau parwendo rwakanyatsodzorwa kunzvimbo dzinovharirwa. Vasungwa vakawanda vanoti vashandi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika uye vari kuramba kurwira Kadafi.
Uye mune chimwe chinyorwa chine hukama chakanzi, "Vatori venhau vanoshanyira vasungwa vanobatwa nevapanduki muLibya, "Tinodzidza kuti, "Chiitiko chacho chose chaiva nemanzwiro asina kugadzikana, sokunge kuti varume ava vakanga vatotongwa uye vapiwa mhosva - uye chakanga changosara kwaiva kuurayiwa kwavo. Mukuchinja kunoshamisa, ndakaziva kuti mapurisa ekuchengetedzwa kwemukati wehurumende yeKadafi aimboshandisa nzvimbo iyi kusunga, kutambudza uye kuuraya vanopikisa vezvematongerwo enyika.โ (Mufananidzo uri pamusoro pechinyorwa chino unofambidzana nenyaya iyi.)
Kubva pane zvatinogona kuunganidza mumapepanhau mauto aGaddafi anonyanya kuve maArabu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mimwe mibvunzo inoda kubvunzwa. Zvakamboitika sei kuti apo vezvenhau pavakashanyira jeri rinotungamirirwa nechimurenga nguva pfupi yapfuura vasungwa vakanga vakawanda vatema? Mugwaro reINC richangoburwa richizivisa nezve "chiono chenyika ine demokrasiโ rakati vaishora rusaruraganda. Asi nekuda kwekunyarara kwavo pamusoro penhamo yevatema vemuAfrica uye mishumo yekurwiswa kwavari (kusanganisira mavhidhiyo ane grisly anoratidza varume vaviri vatema vakafa vakasungirirwa pahood yerori sevanovhimwa mhembwe) uye huwandu husina kuenzana hwekumiririra kwavo mukupandukira. majeri, imarii yakawanda yatingaisa mukudaro? Isu totenda kuti ingori tsaona, kana kuti vatema vanga vari nyore kubata kupfuura maArabu? Iyi mibvunzo ine kukosha kune zvatingatarisira kuve muchitsauko chinotevera paLibya.
Kune chikamu chikuru nyaya yehondo yevagari vekuLibya yakave ne zvakanaka nezvakaipa rondedzero yemudzvanyiriri akarembera zvine hutsinye pahutongi hwake hwemakore makumi mana apo chirimo chakaunza vimbiso yekumukira kweArab. Pasi pechiitiko ichi pane nyaya yakasviba yevakabatwa nekumukira, uye inyaya inonyanya kutaurwa kana chokwadi nekururamisira kuchikunda.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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