United Nations payakatanga kutaurirana nezveMutemo weMafambiro weMakambani eTransnational Corporations (TNCs) kumashure kuma1970s, chikumbiro ichi hachina kuzombodzika pasi nekuda kwekupikisa kwakasimba kubva kumabhizinesi ane simba nevanodyidzana navo vekuMadokero.
Asi danho rekumutsiridza chisungo ichi - kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwechibvumirano chitsva chepasi rose chinosunga zviri pamutemo kuti TNCs dzizvidavirire pakutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu - chave kuwedzera simba pamusangano uripo weUN Human Rights Council (UNHRC) kuGeneva, uyo unopera. Chishanu.
Zvakadaro, zvakakonzera kumwe kudzokororwa kwezvematongerwo enyika kwema1970: kushorwa kwakasimba kubva kune zvebhizinesi nenyika dzekuMadokero, panguva ino kunyanya iyo 28-nhengo dzeEuropean Union (EU).
Jens Martens, director weGlobal Policy Forum Europe, akaudza IPS kuti mune gakava rinopisa muUNHRC pamusoro pekutanga boka rinoshanda rehurumende kuti vataurirane nezvechisungo chiri pamutemo chinosunga zviri pamutemo paTNCs.
"Saka nhaurirano iripo haisi yegwaro remitemo yemaitiro kana chibvumirano asi pamaitiro," akawedzera.
Parizvino pane zvisungo zviviri zvakaturwa pamusangano weUNHRC kuGeneva: imwe yakatsigirwa neEcuador neSouth Africa ichikumbira UNHRC kuti imise boka rekushanda rehurumende: chirevo chinotsigirwa nenyika dzichiri kusimukira dzeBoka re77 (G77) uye mubatanidzwa wevakawanda. kupfuura mazana mashanu emasangano asiri ehurumende (NGOs).
Chisungo chechipiri chekunyorwa, chakatsigirwa neNorway, Russia, Argentina neGhana, chinotsigira boka riripo rekushanda pabhizinesi nekodzero dzevanhu uye rinokumbira kuti riwedzere basa raro nemamwe makore matatu: gwaro rinotsigirwawo, pakati pezvimwe, neUnited States ne EU.
Martens, akanyora ongororo ichangobva kuitika ye โCorporate Pesvedzero paBusiness and Human Rights Agenda yeUnited Nations,โ akati โvashandi vemakambani vakabudirira zvikuru mukushandisa nzira dzekudyidzana neveruzhinji izvo zvakabatsira kupa mabhizinesi sevagari vakanaka vemakambani. .โ
Vati vakapawo fungidziro "yekutsvaga nhaurirano nehurumende, United Nations uye vane hanya vane hanya, uye vanokwanisa kuita nharaunda, magariro uye kodzero dzevanhu kuburikidza nekuzvipira kweCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR)."
Martens akati Global Compact yeUN uye Misimboti Inotungamira yeBusiness neHuman Rights yakava mienzaniso mikuru yenzira inofungidzirwa kuti ine hunyanzvi yakavakirwa pakubvumirana, nhaurirano uye kudyidzana nechikamu chemakambani mukupesana nemaitiro ekutonga kuti makambani azvidavirire.
Alberto Villarreal, mushandirapamwe wezvekutengeserana nekudyara kuFriends of the Earth Uruguay, akaudza IPS kuti nekuona kurwira kwezvakatipoteredza mune zvese zvayakataura sekudzivirira zviri pamutemo kwekodzero dzevanhu, "tinogona kubatsira mukurwisa kwevanodzivirira kodzero dzezvakatipoteredza uye kuvachengetedza."
Global Exchange iri muLondon, isangano repasi rose rinorwira kodzero dzevanhu, yaburitsa mazita evapari vemhosva gumi vepamusoro, vachivapomera mhosva yekubatanidzwa mukutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu uye nharaunda.
Makambani aonekwa anosanganisira Shell/Royal Dutch Petroleum, Nike, Blackwater International, Syngenta, Barrick Gold neNestle.
Mhosva idzi dzinosanganisira kusagarika kwemamiriro ekushanda kwevashandi vemufekitari, kushaikwa kwekodzero dzevashandi, kusvibiswa kwetsvina, kushandiswa kwevana, kuraswa kwemishonga ine muchetura, kusabatwa zvakanaka kwevashandi, rusarura, uye kuparadzwa kweminda yezvizvarwa zvechivanhu kuti zvicherwa neoiri.
Anne van Schaik, anozvidavirira muratidziri wezvemari kuFriends of the Earth Europe, akati nyika zhinji dzinotsigira kuunza chisungo chechibvumirano chinosunga, asi EU yakayambira kuti kana ikagamuchirwa icharamba kutaura nezvazvo.
"Saka EU iri kuramwa UNHRC uye kumiririra zvido zvemakambani pachinzvimbo chekodzero dzevanhu," akawedzera.
Achibvunzwa kana paine sarudzo pamusangano weUNHRC uripo, Schaik akaudza IPS, "Hatina chokwadi kana nyaya iyi ichagadziriswa neChishanu."
Vati EU "nzira inovhiringidza" inoreva kuti haisi kuzotora chikamu muhurongwa hwehurumende hwekugadzira chibvumirano kana sarudzo ikagamuchirwa, "zvichizokanganisa hurongwa hwekuita sarudzo kuUnited Nations."
Schaik akati chisungo chekuNorway chinoti panofanirwa kuve nenhaurirano pamusoro penyaya yekuwaniswa kwekugadzirisa, kutonga uye kusatonga, kune avo vakashungurudzwa zvine chekuita nebhizinesi kodzero dzevanhu pahurongwa hweForum of Businesses and Human Rights.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti pachirongwa chesvondo rino pachave nehurukuro, asi hapana mhedzisiro kana zvirongwa zvekutevera zvezvinoitika mushure meizvi, akawedzera.
Schaik akati Ecuador inofunga "kumisa boka rinoshanda rehurumende rakavhurika rine mvumo yekutsanangura chisungo chepasi rose chinosunga zviri pamutemo kuTransnational Corporations nemamwe maBhizinesi maBhizinesi maererano nekodzero dzevanhu."
Izvi zvinoreva kuti pachave nechiridzwa chitsva chichataura zvisungo zvemakambani ekunze, izvo zviri pachena kuti zvinosvika kure kupfuura hurukuro paforamu kuUnited Nations, akadaro.
Chidzidzo chechibvumirano chekodzero dzevanhu, chakanyorwa pamwe chete naMartens, chakanangana nemhinduro dzeTNCs nemapoka avo anotungamira vanofarira kune akasiyana hurongwa hweUN, inotsanangura vanoita zvakakosha uye zvinangwa zvavo. Inotaridzawo kudyidzana pakati pezvido zvebhizinesi uye shanduko yemagakava ekutonga kuUnited Nations.
Chidzidzo ichi chinopa chiratidzo chehuwandu hwesimba rinoitwa nevatambi vemakambani uye kugona kwavo, mukubatana nedzimwe nyika dzeUN dzine simba, kudzivirira mitemo inosunga pasi rose yeTNCs kuUnited Nations.
Zvichakadaro, Paris-based Reporters Without Borders yakakurudzira UNHRC kuti ikurudzire kutorwa kwemitemo yakajeka uye inosunga pakuongorora uye kuongorora pamhepo.
"Mabhizinesi anotengesa tekinoroji kune hutongi hwehutongi hunovatendera kuti vatarise huwandu hwevanhu pamhepo," boka rakadaro.
Muchiziviso chakaburitswa svondo rino, sangano reParis rakati tekinoroji iyi yave, uye ichiri kushandiswa muLibya, Egypt, Morocco neEthiopia kusunga, kusunga nekurwadzisa.
Makambani anopa tekinoroji iyi haagone kutaura kuti haazive izvi, yakawedzera.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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