Munyori wezvakaitika kare weAmerica, munyori wemitambo uye murwiri wezvemagariro evanhu Howard Zinn akafa January 27, 2010, ane makore 87. Chiedza chake chichapenya zvakajeka munguva yemberi iri kure. Nyika itsva ine kururamisira mumagariro evanhu ichava nechikwereti chikuru kuna Howard nevamwe vakaita saiye vakapa zvakawanda zvavo nekuda kwedu. - Vashandi veZNet
Pazasi pane chidimbu kubva mubhuku rake richangoburwa Simba Hurumende Hadzigoni Kudzvinyirira rakabudiswa neCity Lights Books, www.citylights.com. Pazasi perondedzero iyi pane zvinongedzo kune akasiyana siyana eZNet obituaries achirangarira Howard.
Munyika ino yehondo uye kusaruramisira, munhu angaita sei kuti arambe ari munzanga, akazvipira kuhondo, uye kuramba aine utano hwakanaka asingatsva kana kuti kurega basa kana kuti kutsoropodza?
Ndine chivimbo chakazara kwete kuti pasi rose richaita nani, asi kuti hatifanire kusiya mutambo uyu makadhi ese asati atambwa. Dimikira rinoitwa nemaune; hupenyu kubheja. Kusatamba ndiko kufanotaura chero mukana wekuhwina. Kutamba, kuita, kugadzira angangoita mukana wekuchinja nyika.
Pane katsika kekufunga kuti zvatinoona panguva ino zvicharamba zvichiitika. Tinokanganwa kuti kakawanda sei takashamiswa nekuputsika kwakamwe kamwe kwemasangano, nekuchinja kunoshamisa mumafungiro evanhu, nekuputika kusingatarisirwi kwekupandukira kurwisana neudzvanyiriri, nekuparara kwekukurumidza kwehurongwa hwemasimba aiita seasingakundiki.
Chinosvetuka kubva munhoroondo yemakore zana apfuura kusatarisika kwayo zvachose. Chimurenga chekupidigura mambo weRussia mune husimbe hwehushe hwehumambo hwehumambo hwakanga husina kungovhundutsa masimba ehumambo asi hwakashamisa Lenin pachake ndokumuendesa achimhanya nechitima kuPetrograd. Ndiani angadai akafanotaura nezvekuchinja kusinganzwisisike kweHondo Yenyika II-chisungo cheNazi-Soviet (iyo mifananidzo inonyadzisa ya von Ribbentrop naMolotov vachibatana maoko), uye mauto eGerman achitenderera neRussia, sezviri pachena isingakundiki, zvichikonzera kuuraya kukuru, kudzoserwa kumashure. magedhi eLeningrad, kumucheto kwekumadokero kweMoscow, mumigwagwa yeStalingrad, kuchiteverwa nekukundwa kweuto reGermany, naHitler akaungana mubhedhuru rake reBerlin, achimirira kufa?
Uyezve nyika yapashure pehondo, ichiita chimiro hapana angadai akadhirowa pamberi: Chimurenga cheChinese Communist, mhirizhonga uye nechisimba Cultural Revolution, uyezve kumwe kutendeuka, ne post-Mao China ichiramba pfungwa dzayo dzakabatikana nemasangano, kuita mabhindauko. Kumadokero, kubatirana kusvika kumabhizimisi makuru, zvichivhiringidza munhu wose.
Hapana akafanoona kuparara kwehumambo hwekare hwekuMadokero huchiitika nekukasira mushure mehondo, kana ruzhinji rusinganzwisisike rwaizosikwa munyika dzichangobva kuzvimiririra, kubva mumusha wesocialism weNyerere weTanzania kusvika kuupengo hweIdi Amin yakatarisana neUganda. Spain yakava chishamiso. Ndinoyeuka mumwe murwi weBritish Lincoln Brigade achindiudza kuti aisagona kufungidzira chiFascism cheSpain chichikurirwa pasina imwe hondo inodeura ropa. Asi mushure mekunge Franco aenda, hutongi hwejekerere hweparamende hwakavapo, hwakavhurirwa maSocialists, maKomonisiti, vanarchist, munhu wese.
Kuguma kweHondo Yenyika II kwakasiya masimba makuru maviri nenzvimbo dzawo dzakasiana-siana dzepesvedzero nokudzora, achirwira simba rehondo nerezvamatongerwe enyika. Bva vakanga vasingakwanisi kudzora zvinoitika, kunyange mumativi iwawo enyika anorangarirwa kuva mativi akasiana-siana epesvedzero. Kutadza kweSoviet Union kuita nzira yayo muAfghanistan, danho rayo rekubuda mushure memakore angangoita gumi ekupindira kwakashata, hwakanga huri humbowo hunokatyamadza hwekuti kunyangwe kuve nezvombo zvenyukireya hakuvimbisi kutonga pamusoro pehuwandu hwakatemerwa.
United States yakatarisana nechokwadi chimwe chetecho. Yakarwa hondo yakazara-yakazara muIndochina, ichiitisa hutsinye hwakanyanya hwebhomba renzvimbo diki munhoroondo yenyika, uye zvakadaro yakamanikidzwa kubuda. Mumisoro yenhau zuva rega rega tinoona zvimwe zviitiko zvekutadza kwevanofungidzirwa kuti vane simba pamusoro pevasina simba, sezvakaita kuBolivia neBrazil, uko mafambisirwo evashandi nevarombo vakasarudza vatungamiri vatsva vakavimbisa kurwisa masimba emakambani anoparadza.
Tichitarisa pabhuku iri rezvinoshamisa zvikuru, zviri pachena kuti kurwira kururamisira hakufaniri kumboregwa nemhaka yesimba rinoparira rinooneka reavo vane pfuti nemari uye vanoratidzika kuva vasingakundiki mukutsunga kwavo kuramba vakabatirira kwairi. Iro simba rinoratidzika rave, zvakare uye zvakare, rakaratidza kuve nyore kune hunhu hwevanhu husingayereki kupfuura mabhomba nemadhora: shungu dzetsika, kutsunga, kubatana, kurongeka, kuzvipira, hungwaru, njere, ushingi, kushivirira-kungava nevatema muAlabama neSouth Africa, varimi. muEl Salvador, Nicaragua, neVietnam, kana kuti vashandi nevazivi muPoland, Hungary, uye Soviet Union pachayo. Hapana kutonhora kuverenga kwechiyero chesimba kunoda kudzivirira vanhu vanonyengetedzwa kuti chikonzero chavo chakarurama.
Ndakaedza zvakaoma kuenzanisa shamwari dzangu mukusava netariro pamusoro penyika (inongova shamwari dzangu here?), asi ndinoramba ndichisangana nevanhu avo, pasinei nouchapupu hwose hwezvinhu zvinotyisa zviri kuitika kwose kwose, vanondipa tariro. Kwose kwandinoenda, ndinowana vanhu vakadaro, kunyanya pwere, mune ramangwana. Uye kunze kwevashoma vevaratidziri kunoratidzika kunge kune mazana, zviuru, zvakawanda zvakavhurika kune zvisiri izvo. Asi ivo vanowanzosaziva nezvekuvapo kweumwe neumwe, uye nekudaro, ivo vachiramba, vanozviita nemoyo murefu waSisyphus asingaperi achisunda dombo kukwidza gomo. Ndinoedza kuudza boka rimwe nerimwe kuti havasi voga, uye kuti ivo vanhu chaivo vanoodzwa mwoyo nekusavapo kwesangano renyika ivo pachavo uchapupu hwekugona kwekufamba kwakadaro.
Shanduko yeChimurenga haiuye senguva imwe yenjodzi (chenjererai nguva dzakadaro!) asi sekutevedzana kusingagumi kwezvikatyamadzo, kutenderera kuzere kunharaunda ine hunhu. Hatifanirwe kuita zvinhu zvikuru, zvehugamba kuti titore chikamu muhurongwa hweshanduko. Zviito zvidiki, kana zvawedzerwa nemamiriyoni evanhu, zvinogona chinyararire kuva simba risina hurumende inogona kudzvinyirira, simba rinogona kushandura nyika.
Kunyange kana isu tisinga "kunde," kune kufara uye kuzadzika muchokwadi chokuti isu takabatanidzwa, nevamwe vanhu vakanaka, mune chimwe chinhu chakakosha. Tinoda tariro. Munhu ane tarisiro haasati ari haaa blithe, anoridza muridzo zvishoma murima renguva yedu. Kuva netariro munguva dzakaipa hakusi kupusa. Yakavakirwa paidi rokuti nhau yomunhu inhau kwete bedzi yemakwikwi noutsinye asiwo yetsitsi, kuzvipira, ushingi, mutsa.
Zvatinosarudza kusimbisa munhoroondo yakaoma iyi zvichasarudza hupenyu hwedu. Kana tikangoona zvakaipa chete, zvinokanganisa kukwanisa kwedu kuita chimwe chinhu. Kana tikarangarira idzo nguva nenzvimbo-uye kune dzakawanda-apo vanhu vakaita zvakanaka, zvinotipa simba rekuita, uye zvinosimudza mukana wekutumira iyi inotenderera yepamusoro yenyika mune imwe nzira. Uye kana tikaita, nenzira diki, hatifanirwe kumirira ramangwana rakanaka. Ramangwana kutevedzana kusingagumi kwezvipo, uye kurarama zvino sezvatinofunga kuti vanhu vanofanira kurarama, mukushora zvakaipa zvose zvakatipoteredza, iko kumene kukunda kunoshamisa.
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Howard's ZNet peji https://znetwork.org/zspace/howardzinn
Zvidimbu paZNet kurangarira Zinn
naPeter Bohmer https://znetwork.org/zspace/commentaries/4124
NaHenry A. Giroux https://znetwork.org/znet/viewArticle/23780
Amy Goodman anobvunzurudza naNoam Chomsky, Alice Walker, Anthony Arnove, Naomi Klein https://znetwork.org/znet/viewArticle/23757
naGreg Ruggiero https://znetwork.org/znet/viewArticle/23759
naPaul Street https://znetwork.org/zspace/commentaries/4125