Pa Okutobala 30, 2023, akuluakulu aku Israeli anati kuti adapha "ambiri" ankhondo a Hamas m'masiku oyamba a kuwukira kwawo pansi. Pakadali pano, Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Gaza wavutika kuti usunge zake webusaiti pa intaneti chifukwa chosowa magetsi, intaneti, komanso kuwukira. Komabe, masana pa October 29, Unduna wa Zaumoyo anati kuti chiŵerengero cha imfa ku Gaza tsopano chiri 8,005 (omwe 67 peresenti ndi akazi ndi ana). Kwa omwe akukayikira manambala, Unduna wa Zaumoyo wakhala kumasula mndandanda wa akufa ndi awo Israeli manambala ozindikiritsa (ndi chizindikiro cha kukhala kwa Palestine aku Gaza kuti akabadwa, ayenera kukhala amalembedwa osati ndi Ulamuliro wa Palestine koma ndi Israeli). Save the Children limati kuti ana ochulukirapo (3,195) aphedwa ndi bomba la Israeli pamilungu itatu iyi kuposa omwe aphedwa m'malo onse omenyera nkhondo kuyambira 2019.
Bungwe la UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees ku Near East (UNRWA) anati kuti pofika Lamlungu 29th, 1.4 miliyoni a Palestine mwa 2.3 miliyoni adathawa kwawo, ndipo 671,000 akukhala m'maofesi a 150 UNRWA. Ambiri mwa omwe anafa ndi mabomba a Israeli ndi zipolopolo za akasinja akhala anthu wamba. Chiŵerengero cha akufa pakati pa omenyana (ochepa) ndi anthu wamba (ambiri) ndichodabwitsa, kupitirira zomwe zimachitika pankhondo (mosiyana, ndi 1,400 Israelis. anaphedwa pa October 7 ndi Hamas ndi magulu ena, 48.4 peresenti anali asilikali). Mwa kunena kuti apha “zigawenga zambiri” za zigawenga za Hamas—omwe amati ndi chandamale—ndipo panthaŵi imodzimodziyo anapha anthu zikwizikwi a ku Palestine, akuluakulu a boma la Israel avomereza ku dziko kuti nkhondo yawo yapha anthu wamba ochuluka kwambiri kuposa amene anaphedwa ndi asilikali.
Pakadali pano, gulu lankhondo la Israeli latumiza ma bulldozer ake kuti akawononge nyumba ndi mabizinesi kumpoto kwa Gaza komanso ku West Bank mzinda wa Jenin. Pang'ono pakuchita izi zikuwoneka ngati ntchito yankhondo popeza nyumba ndi mabizinesi awa si mabungwe ankhondo. Pozindikira za m'mbiri za kuwonongeka kwa nyumba ku West Bank kuti apange malo okhala ndi "khoma la tsankho, "kuponderezana kumeneku ku Gaza ndi ku Jenin kukuwoneka ngati ndawala yachitukuko yoyeretsa mafuko kuti apange zomwe gulu la ndale la Israeli likuchita. mayitanidwe Israeli wamkulu (Eretz Yisrael Hashlema). Gulu la ndale la Israeli ndi lodziwika bwino Kunena kuti akufuna kusintha "zowona zomwe zili pansi" kotero kuti zokambirana zilizonse ndi anthu a Palestina ogwidwa zimachokera pa "zowona" zimenezo osati "zonena." Izi ndi zomwe Prime Minister waku Israeli a Benjamin Netanyahu adakhala kuchita kwa zaka zambiri Zoletsedwa midzi ku West Bank: kuchotsa zonena za Palestine pa malo awo ndikukhazikitsa ufulu wa Israeli kumtunda wonse kuchokera ku Mtsinje wa Yordano kupita ku Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Mogwira mtima, gulu la ndale la Israeli likuwoneka kuti likugwiritsa ntchito mkangano womwe unayamba pa October 7 ngati chifukwa chochitira zomwe adakonza kuti achite kwa zaka zambiri, ndiko kuti, kuchotsa anthu a Palestina ku Palestine ya mbiri yakale ndikuchotsa dziko la Palestina ngati bungwe.
Maboma Awiri, Dziko Limodzi, Maboma Atatu
Pamene asilikali a ndale a Palestina adagwirizana ndi "ndondomeko yamtendere" yomwe inachititsa kuti Pangano la Cairo Interim Agreement (1994) ndi Oslo Accords (1994) likhale logwirizana, lidatengera zomwe zimadziwika kuti "njira ziwiri" ku Israeli ku Palestine. Chidule cha Oslo Accords chinali chakuti A Palestinian Authority (PA) azilamulira gawo lomwe Israeli adalanda mu 1967 (East Jerusalem, Gaza, ndi West Bank). Mgwirizano wa Oslo, anatsutsana Pulofesa wa ku Gaza Haider Eid, adapanga "Bantustan" (monga "mayiko aku Africa" omwe adapangidwa ndi tsankho la South Africa). Tanthauzo la kukhazikitsidwa kwa PA ndikuti silinganene zonena zenizeni za Palestine kudzikolo (kuphatikiza ufulu wobwerera kwa othawa kwawo aku Palestina, atakhazikitsidwa ndi chigamulo cha UN 194 mu 1948), ndipo-panthawi yomweyo-zikanalola kuti dziko la Israeli lisinthe "mfundo zomwe zili pansi" popanga midzi yambiri yosaloledwa. Kuphatikiza apo, pambuyo pa Intifada Yachiwiri (2000-2005), Israeli Dula kufunikira kwa "njira yotetezeka" ku Oslo komwe kunalola anthu aku Palestine ku East Jerusalem, Gaza, ndi West Bank kudutsa madera awa. Pofika m'chaka cha 2005, Israeli anali atathetsa Mapangano a Oslo, ngakhale gulu la ndale la Palestina linakhalabe lomangidwa ndi iwo monga chiyembekezo chokha cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko la Palestine (ngakhale likanakhala kachigawo kakang'ono ka mbiri yakale ya Palestine).
Chowonadi cha "boma la mayiko awiri" chinasowa pamene midzi inawonjezeka ku West Bank, pamene ulamuliro wa Palestine ku East Jerusalem unali wochuluka kwambiri ndi Israeli, popeza ufulu wobwerera unayikidwa pambali, ndipo Gaza anaphulitsidwa pafupifupi chaka chilichonse. Munthawi imeneyi, anzeru angapo aku Palestine anayamba kudzutsa funso la "boma limodzi," ndi dziko limodzi la Israeli-Palestine lozikidwa pa lingaliro losakhala la fuko, ladziko, ndi lademokalase lokhala nzika. Pofika 2021, akatswiri ambiri amderali anati kuti zowona zenizeni zikuwonetsa Israeli kukhala "dziko limodzi lofanana ndi tsankho." Lingaliro lakuti Israeli ndi dziko la tsankho tsopano lakhazikitsidwa bwino ku United Nations zikalata ndi ufulu wa anthu malipoti. Kuwunika uku kukuwonetsa zinthu ziwiri: choyamba, kuti Israeli ndi Dziko Lokhala Palestine ali kale "dziko limodzi" ndipo chachiwiri, kuti ndi dziko latsankho ndi Palestina m'gulu lachiwiri. Othandizira "boma limodzi" amatsutsa kuti zenizeni za dziko limodzi tsopano zimafuna kukhala nzika zofanana kwa onse omwe akukhala ku Israel / Palestine. Gulu la ndale la Israeli lapano likukana kuvomereza lingaliro la demokalase ndi dziko limodzi, chifukwa iwo anakwatiwa pulojekiti ya ethno-nationalist za "Boma la Chiyuda" lomwe limachotsa mwayi wokhala nzika zonse za Akhristu ndi Asilamu aku Palestine.
Ngati "yankho la mayiko awiri" silikugwiranso ntchito ndipo ngati "yankho la boma limodzi" latsekedwa ndi gulu la ndale la Israeli, ndiye kuti zonse zomwe zatsalira kwa Netanyahu ndi ena ndizo "zigawo zitatu." Ili ndilo yankho lomwe likufuna kuchotsa mbali zazikulu za anthu a Palestina kuchokera ku East Jerusalem, Gaza, West Bank, ndipo mwinamwake ngakhale mkati mwa mizere ya Israeli ya 1948 ndikuwatumiza ku mayiko atatu a Egypt, Jordan, ndi Lebanon. Ma bulldozer omwe akubwera kumbuyo kwa akasinja ku Gaza akuyesa kukankhira othawa kwawo aku Palestina (70 peresenti ya iwo ndi mbadwa za omwe adatumizidwa ku Gaza ku Nakba kapena Catastrophe ya 1948) kudzera pa Rafah Crossing kupita ku Sinai Peninsula ya Egypt. "Maboma atatu" awa ndi kuyeretsa fuko ndendende, a upandu pansi pa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Kwa zaka zambiri, gulu la ndale la Israeli lakhala likulolera kuchita ndondomeko zowononga fuko-kuphatikizapo kuphulika kwa Gaza ku Gaza - kuti athandize pulojekiti yake yadziko, ya tsankho yomwe imafuna kuchotsedwa kwa Palestina ndi Palestine.
Mu 2014, pambuyo pa Operation Protective Edge ya Israeli, Ofesi ya Prosecutor wa International Criminal Court (ICC) anatsegula kufufuza pazochitika ku Palestine. Palibe zambiri zomwe zidabwera pakufufuzaku. Pakuukira komweku ku Gaza, wozenga mlandu Karim AA Khan adapita ku Rafah Crossing ndi anati kuti kutsekereza kwa Israeli thandizo la anthu ku Gaza kungakhale mlandu pansi pa ulamuliro wa ICC. Zowonadi, mfundo ya tsankho ndi mlandu kale pansi pa Lamulo la Roma la 2002 lomwe lidapanga ICC. Zonse za "dziko limodzi lofanana ndi tsankho" ndi "kuthetsa maboma atatu" pakuyeretsa mafuko ndi milandu yayikulu yomwe imafuna kufufuza. Kodi Khan adzafunsa oweruza a ICC kuti akonze zikalata zomangidwa ndi Prime Minister waku Israeli a Benjamin Netanyahu ndi anzawo?
Vijay Prashad ndi wolemba mbiri waku India, mkonzi, komanso mtolankhani. Iye ndi wolemba mnzake komanso mtolankhani wamkulu ku Globetrotter. Iye ndi mkonzi wa LeftWord Books ndi director of Tricontinental: Institute for Social Research. Walemba mabuku oposa 20, kuphatikizapo Mitundu Yakuda ndi Mitundu Yosauka. Mabuku ake aposachedwa ndi Kulimbana Kumatipanga Kukhala Anthu: Kuphunzira kuchokera ku Movements for Socialism ndi (ndi Noam Chomsky) Kuchotsa: Iraq, Libya, Afghanistan, ndi Fragility of US Power.
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