ʻO ka papa hana, a i ʻole ka hapa keʻokeʻo, ua puka mai i mea pohihihi nui o ko mākou lāhui. ʻO ka Democratic kuʻuna, ua kōkua lākou i ke koho ʻana i kahi billionaire kaulana i ka pelekikena. "He aha ka hewa iā lākou?" ke nīnau mau nei ka poʻe loea liberal. No ke aha lākou i manaʻoʻiʻo ai i nā ʻōlelo hoʻohiki a Trump? He naʻaupō paha lākou a he mea hoʻokalakupua paha? No ke aha i hoʻohālikelike ai ka papa hana i kona mau pono ponoʻī?
Ua hānau ʻia au i loko o kēia papa paʻakikī a hoʻopaʻa paʻa iā ia ma o ka pilina a me ka ʻohana. I nā makahiki 1980, no ka laʻana, ua hoʻopaʻa wau i kahi hui moʻomeheu papa hana ma koʻu home ponoʻī ma Long Island. ʻAʻole ʻo wau ka mea hoihoi akā ʻo kaʻu kāne (ia manawa) a me ka hoaaloha lōʻihi ʻo Gary Stevenson, he mea hana hale waihona mua i lilo i mea hoʻonohonoho no ka hui Teamsters. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ka ʻāina ʻo Long Island ma ke ʻano he lumi moe no ka poʻe hele Manhattan a i ʻole he puka komo i ka Hamptons, akā he kikowaena ʻoihana hoʻi lākou, ʻoi aku ma mua o 20,000 mau limahana hana ma Grumman wale nō. I ka neʻe ʻana o koʻu kaikuahine i ko mākou hale haʻahaʻa mai Colorado, ua loaʻa koke ʻo ia i kahi hana ma kahi hale hana i loko o hoʻokahi mile mai ko mākou hale, e like me nā tausani o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ua holo kekahi o lākou mai ka Bronx. ʻO ka hapa nui, ua hoʻokipa mākou i nā kamaʻāina kūloko i hele i ko mākou hale no nā hālāwai ahiahi a i ʻole nā hui hopena pule - nā mea hoʻokele kaʻa, nā limahana hana, nā mea mālama hale a me nā kahu hānai hope loa. ʻO kaʻu hana ʻo ka hana ʻana i ka chili a mālama i kahi lumi i loko o ka pahu hau no nā ziti i kālua ʻia e lawe mau ʻia e kekahi. Ua ho'āʻo wau e wehewehe i ka manaʻo o ka "democratic socialism" i kekahi poʻe hana mīkini-kūʻai a hele aku i kahi ʻōlelo pōkole kūʻē i ka Soviet Union. Nānā maikaʻi mai lākou iaʻu ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka lumi kuke a ʻōhumu kekahi, "Ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he mālama ola kino lākou ma laila."
I ka wā e ʻākoakoa ana kaʻu poʻe liʻiliʻi i ka hale hānai, ua hehi ʻia nā manaʻo o ka papa hana ma nā wahi āpau. I ka makahiki 1981, ua hoʻopau ʻo Pelekikena Reagan i ka hui o nā mea hoʻokele ea ma ke kī ʻana aku ma mua o 11,000 mau limahana hana - he hōʻailona maopopo o ka mea e hiki mai ana. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokipa mākou i kahi pīniki no Jim Guyette, ke alakaʻi o kahi pūʻali koa meatpacking kūloko ma Minnesota i hana i kahi hoʻouka kaua hihiu iā Hormel (a ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe huahana Hormel i lawelawe ʻia ma kā mākou pikiniki). Akā, ua komo ka hana i kahi makahiki o ka hāʻawi ʻana a me ka ʻae. ʻO Grovel ka leka, a i ʻole hele me ka hana ʻole. ʻO nā uniona "ikaika loa" o ka mele hana kahiko, nā hui a kā mākou hui liʻiliʻi i hakakā ai e kūkulu a hoʻomakekala, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia e pau. I loko o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua uhaʻi ʻia ka wildcat kūloko e kona hui makua ponoʻī, ʻo ka United Food and Commercial Workers.
Ua mālie nā wili kila, ua pani ʻia nā mines kahi i hana ai koʻu makuakāne a me koʻu kupuna kāne, ua holo nā hale hana ma ka hema o ka palena. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea i nalowale ma mua o nā hana; ʻO ke ʻano o ke ola holoʻokoʻa, ke kikowaena o nā moʻolelo ʻAmelika, e pau ana. ʻO nā hana i loaʻa, ma nā kula e like me ke kūʻai kūʻai kūʻai a me ka mālama ola kino, ua uku ʻole ʻia, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kāne ʻole o ke kulanui e kākoʻo i ka ʻohana nona iho. Hiki iaʻu ke ʻike i kēia i loko o koʻu ʻohana ponoʻī, kahi e hana ai nā moʻopuna a nā miners a me nā limahana hana kaʻaahi ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokele kaʻa kaʻa a me nā luna hale ʻaina meaʻai wikiwiki a i ʻole e hoʻokūkū pū me kā lākou mau wahine e lilo i poʻe limahana kūʻai a i ʻole kahu hānai. E like me ka ʻike ʻana o Susan Faludi i kāna puke 1999 "Stiffed," ua alakaʻi ka deindustrialization o ʻAmelika i kahi pilikia nui o ke kāne: He aha ke ʻano o ke kāne inā ʻaʻole hiki i ke kāne ke kākoʻo hou i kahi ʻohana?
ʻAʻole wale ke ʻano o ke ola e make ana akā he nui pū kekahi o ka poʻe i ola. ʻO ka noiʻi ma 2015 e Angus Deaton, he Nobel laureate ma ka ʻoihana waiwai, me kāna wahine, ʻo Anne Case, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka nui o ka make ma waena o nā poʻe keʻokeʻo i hoʻonaʻauao ʻia ma ke kulanui a me nā poʻe keʻokeʻo ʻaʻole i hoʻonaʻauao ʻia i ke kula nui mai 1999. He mau mahina ma hope. Ua ʻike nā mea hoʻokele waiwai ma ka Brookings Institution no nā kāne i hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 1920, aia kahi ʻokoʻa ʻeono makahiki o ka manaʻolana o ke ola ma waena o ka 10 pakeneka o ka poʻe loaʻa a me ka hapa 10 lalo. No nā kāne i hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 1950, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēlā ʻokoʻa ma mua o ka pālua, i 14 mau makahiki. ʻO ka puhi paka, ʻo ia ka hapa nui o ka hana maʻamau, hiki ke helu i ka hapakolu wale nō o nā make keu. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe i pili i ka waiʻona, overdoses o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka pepehi kanaka, maʻamau ma ka pū - ʻo ka mea i kapa pinepine ʻia "nā maʻi o ke kaumaha."
Ma ka hou ʻāina hoʻokele waiwai o nā hana lawelawe uku haʻahaʻa, ua pau ka manaʻo o kekahi o nā nostrums kahiko o ka hema. "ʻO ka hana piha," no ka laʻana, ʻo ia ka mantra o nā uniona no nā makahiki he nui, akā he aha ke ʻano o ka nui o nā hana i uku ʻole ʻia e ola ai? ʻO ka manaʻo inā loaʻa ka poʻe a pau i makemake i kahi hana, pono e hoʻokiʻekiʻe nā mea hana i ka uku no ka huki ʻana i nā limahana hou. Akā, i koʻu hele ʻana ma ke ʻano he mea kākau moʻolelo huna i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1990 e hoʻāʻo i ka hiki ʻana o nā hana hoʻokomo, ʻike wau i kaʻu mau hoa hana - ke kali, nā limahana mālama home, nā kaikamahine me kahi lawelawe hoʻomaʻemaʻe, "nā hoa" Walmart - e noho ana no ka hapa nui o ka ilihune. E like me kaʻu i hōʻike ai ma ka puke i loaʻa, "Nickel and Dimed," ʻaʻohe home a moe kekahi i loko o kā lākou kaʻa, aʻo kekahi poʻe i hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻaina awakea no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kūʻai aku i kahi mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o kahi ʻeke ʻai nui o Doritos. He poʻe hana manawa piha lākou, a he manawa kēia, e like me kēia manawa, kokoke i ka hana piha.
ʻO ka hopena kaulana ʻē aʻe i ka pilikia o ka papa hana ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hana. Inā he "ʻoihana ʻike" kā mākou - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka "ʻoihana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa" - pono nā limahana hana ʻole e hoʻomaka i kā lākou pāʻani a hoʻonui i nā mākau pono. Ua hāpai ʻo Pelekikena Obama i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻana i ka hana, e like me Hillary Clinton ma ke ʻano he moho pelekikena, a me nā Repubalika he nui. ʻO ka pilikia, ʻaʻohe mea i maopopo i ka mea e aʻo ai i nā kānaka; Ua kaulana nā mākau lolouila i nā makahiki 90, ua hele ka wiliwili i loko a i waho o ke ʻano a me nā ʻoihana ma ka ʻoihana olakino e ulu nei i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka koho maikaʻi loa i kēia manawa. ʻAʻole hoʻi he ana maopopo o ka pono o nā papahana hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou. I ka makahiki 2011, ua ʻike ke Keʻena Hoʻopono Aupuni i ke kākoʻo ʻana o ke aupuni pekelala i 47 mau papahana hoʻomaʻamaʻa hana ma 2009, a ʻelima wale nō i loiloi ʻia i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine ʻo Paul Ryan i kahi papahana ma kona kūlanakauhale, ʻo Janesville, Wis., akā ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi 2012 ProPublica ʻo ka poʻe i haʻalele ʻia i hele ma ia mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hana ma mua o ka poʻe ʻaʻole.
No ka maikaʻi o ka papahana hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou, ʻaʻole maoli ka manaʻo e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau nā kānaka a mākaukau e hana hou iā lākou iho no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēlā me kēia hoʻololi ʻana i ka mākeke hana ʻaʻole maoli maoli a ʻaʻole mahalo i nā mākau e kū nei. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 90, ua ʻai au i ka ʻaina ahiahi ma kahi Pizza Hut me kahi mea miner i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma Butte, Mont. (ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ʻano miners ʻē aʻe ma Butte). Aia ʻo ia ma kona mau makahiki he 50, a ʻakaʻaka ʻo ia i kāna haʻi ʻana mai iaʻu e aʻo ʻia ana ʻo ia e loaʻa i ke kēkelē kahu hānai. ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke kōkua i ka ʻakaʻaka - ʻaʻole i ka like ʻole o ke kāne akā i ka manaʻo o ke kanaka nona nā mea hana he pickax a me ka dynamite e hoʻololi loa i kona pilina me ka honua. ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha i ka wā i hāʻawi ʻia ai nā limahana polū i ka koho ma waena o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻana i ka hana, e like me ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia e Clinton, a me ke ʻano, me ka hana mana, e hoʻihoʻi mai i kā lākou mau hana kahiko, e like me ka Trump, ua hele lākou no ka hope.
I kēia manawa ke kāhea aku ka poʻe kālai'āina i ka "papa hana," hiki paha iā lākou ke hana, anachronistically, i kahi hale hana i haʻalele ʻia. Hiki paha iā lākou ke hoʻohana pololei i kahi haukapila a i ʻole hale ʻaina meaʻai wikiwiki e like me ka prop. Aia i loko o ka papa hana hou ka nui o nā hana kuʻuna polū - kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa, mea uila, plumber - akā ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna mau lālā e hoʻohana i nā mops ma mua o ka hāmare, a me nā pani moe ma mua o nā trowels. Ma ke ʻano demographically, ua ulu ka papa hana mai ka hui kāne keʻokeʻo nui i ʻākoakoa ma koʻu hale i nā makahiki 1980; ʻO ka poʻeʻeleʻele a me ka Hepanika ua lōʻihi ka nui, ināʻaʻole iʻikeʻia, he hapa o ka papa hana, a i kēia manawa uaʻoi aku ka nui o nā wāhine a he nui nā malihini. Inā he kāne i loko o ka pāpale paʻa ka manaʻo o ka papa hana kahiko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mea hou e like me ka wahine e oli ana, "El pueblo unido jamás será vencido!" (The people united will never be defeated!)
ʻAʻole hoʻi mai nā hana kahiko, akā aia kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia i lawe ʻia e ka deindustrialization: E uku maikaʻi i nā limahana āpau. ʻO ka hana hou o ka hana nui o ke kenekulia 21 he mau hoʻolaha e ʻimi nei e hoʻonui i ka uku haʻahaʻa kūloko a mokuʻāina paha. Ua lanakila ka poʻe hana i ke kau ʻana i nā kānāwai uku ola ma nā kalana a me nā kalana ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mai ka makahiki 1994 ma o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i kahi manaʻo maʻalahi o ka hoʻopono: No ke aha e hana ai kekahi i ka manawa piha, a puni ka makahiki, a ʻaʻole lawa ka uku no ka hoʻolimalima a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe. ? Ua loaʻa i nā noiʻi nā mea nui e makemake ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka uku haʻahaʻa; nā haumāna kulanui, nā lālā o ka halepule a me nā uniona i hui pū i nā hoʻolaha kūloko. Ua hoʻomaka nā uniona i nā ʻāpana koho i haʻalele ʻole ʻia e like me nā mea mālama hale, nā kōkua olakino home a me nā limahana hana. A ma kahi i haʻalulu ai nā uniona, ua ulu aʻe nā ʻano hui hou: nā hui i kākoʻo ʻia e nā uniona a i kekahi manawa e nā kumu philanthropic - ʻO kā mākou Walmart, ka National Domestic Workers Alliance a me ka Restaurant Opportunities Centers United.
ʻO kā mākou hiʻohiʻona kahiko ma Long Island ua lōʻihi loa: ua kūʻai ʻia ka hale, ua haki nā hoaaloha kahiko i ka makahiki a me ka mamao. Ua minamina au. Ma ke ʻano he hui, ʻaʻohe o mākou manaʻo, akā ʻo kā mākou ʻike, i hōʻike ʻia ma o kā mākou mau ʻaoʻao ma mua o nā hōʻike, he utopia, ʻoi loa i ka pōʻaiapili o Long Island, kahi inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua mai ke kalana, pono ʻoe he Repubalika kakauinoa. Inā loaʻa iā mākou hoʻokahi kumuhana, hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i loko o ka huaʻōlelo kahiko ʻo "solidarity": Inā ʻoe e hui i kaʻu laina picket, e hui pū wau me kāu, a malia paha e hele pū mākou a pau me nā keiki. i ka mea kanu kemika e hoʻoheheʻe ana i nā mea ʻawaʻawa i loko o ko mākou lepo - a ukali ʻia e kahi barbecue ma koʻu pā hale. ʻAʻole mākou hoihoi i ka politika liʻiliʻi-P. Ua makemake mākou i honua kahi i hoʻohanohano ʻia ai ka hana a kēlā me kēia kanaka a lohe ʻia nā leo āpau.
ʻAʻole au i manaʻo e komo hou i kekahi mea like a hiki i ka makahiki 2004, ua ʻike au i kahi hui like ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma Fort Wayne, Ind. ʻO ka Northeast Indiana Central Labor Council, e like me ia i kapa ʻia ai, ua hui pū ʻia ka malihini Mekiko. nā limahana kūkulu hale a me nā lālā uniona hana hale hānau maoli a lākou i lawe ʻia mai ai e pani ai, nā limahana hana hana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a me nā limahana hana Burmese, nā kumu aʻoaʻo a me nā kahu mālama. ʻO kā lākou pahuhopu, e like me ka pelekikena i kēlā manawa, ʻo Tom Lewandowski, he mea hana hale hana General Electric i lawelawe i ka makahiki 1990 ma ke ʻano he pilina o AFL-C.I.O. i ka poʻe kipi kipi Polani Solidarnosc, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i kahi "culture of solidarity." Ua hoʻoikaikaʻia lākou e kaʻikeʻanaʻaʻole lawa ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i nā kānaka me nā hana; pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i ka poʻe hana ʻole a me ka "hoʻohana hopohopo" - ʻo ia hoʻi ke kaiāulu holoʻokoʻa. ʻO kā lākou hana huna ʻole, ʻo ia nā pāʻina a me nā pīniki, a ua laki au i ka hele ʻana.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ma Fort Wayne i hōʻike ʻia i nā poʻe o nā kala a me nā kala kala, nā limahana kānāwai a me nā palapala ʻole, nā liberal a me nā conservatives politika, kekahi o lākou i kākoʻo iā Trump i ke koho balota i hala. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hiki ʻana o kahi ʻano lokahi hou, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole mākaukau nā uniona kahiko. I ka makahiki 2016, ʻo ka maʻi AFL-C.I.O., ka mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻeono mau makahiki i hakakā ai e hoʻopaʻa pū i ka neʻe ʻana o ka hana, ua hoʻopau koke ʻo ia i ka Northeast Indiana Central Labor Council, me ka haʻi ʻana i nā koi o ka bureaucratic. Akā, ʻaʻole hopohopo ka ʻaha hana. Ua hoʻololi koke ʻo ia iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he Workers' Project a ua huki ʻia ma mua o 6,000 poʻe i ka pāʻina ʻo Labor Day, ʻoiai ua nalowale kāna ʻike pūnaewele a me nā lako keʻena i ka AFL-C.I.O.
I koʻu kamaʻilio hope ʻana me Tom Lewandowski, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Pepeluali, ua kūleʻa ka Workers' Project i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā limahana aelike 20 Costco i loko o kahi hui hui a lākou e hoʻolālā nei e hoʻolauleʻa me, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he pāʻina. ʻO ka makemake o ke kanaka e hana i ke kumu maʻamau - a hauʻoli i ka hana ʻana - paʻakikī ke kāohi.
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