Ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba ngaya eVenezuela ngiyonikeza inkulumo ngombono wezomnotho engqungqutheleni eyayilapho. Ngahlala isonto lonke, futhi noGreg Wilpert saxoxa nabantu abaningi mayelana neBolivarian Revolution. Lezi zingxoxo zizovela ezinsukwini nasemavikini azayo ku-ZCom.
Nansi-ke ingxoxo ebanzi esiyenzile mayelana nepolitiki yaseVenezuela, ebibanjwe noJulio Chavez, iMeya yaseCarora kanye nesishoshovu esiqavile kuzo zonke izigaba zeBolivarian Revolution, ikakhulukazi mayelana nemiKhandlu Yomphakathi.
- UMichael Albert
Ukuze uqalise, ungasho kanjani ukuba yiMeya yaseBolivarian kwehluke ekubeni yiMeya ngaphambi kuka-1998?
Ngesikhathi siqala ukungena ezikhundleni, nangaphambi kwalokho, iMeya yayivikela izithakazelo ze-oligarchy, hhayi abantu. Yayimbalwa imindeni eyayiphethe umhlaba, ezezimali, ezokuxhumana, ezolimo nayo yonke impahla. Futhi basekela futhi bangaphakathi kwesigaba sezeNkolo. Bakhiphe iningi labantu ekunqumeni impilo yomphakathi
Babeze babe namakilabhu lapho babehlangana khona okwakungangena amalungu omndeni kuphela - futhi iBandla lalinezingxenye kanye nezihlalo ezazibekelwe lamalungu omndeni.
Ngempela, kwaze kwaba ngo-1960, leli qembu elincane lemikhaya lalilawula yonke into edolobheni. Lapho kunomshado, ngobusuku bokuqala umnikazi we-hacienda exhasa umshado wayeyoba nelungelo lokuchitha ubusuku nomakoti.
Kwaba neminyaka engama-45, ngesikhathi sentando yeningi, uhulumeni evikela izintshisekelo zemindeni yendawo engabanini bomhlaba. Izimpahla zenziwa ezizimele ngezandla ezimbalwa.
Lapho uhulumeni waseBolivia engena esikhundleni, izinto zaqala ukushintsha. Inhloko yeSonto LamaKatolika kumasipala, isibonelo, uMbhishobhi wendawo, kuze kube yileso sikhathi wayethola impesheni yokuphila konke evela ku-Major futhi wayengumzala wabanikazi beHacienda enkulu kunazo zonke.
Sanqoba iMeya ngaphandle kokuba yingxenye yezinhlaka zezepolitiki zendabuko. Simhlulile owayengenele ukhetho lukaMongameli kanye nelungu le-Oligarchy. Ngesekwa yizinhlangano ezahlukene zezenhlalakahle kanye namaqembu ashiya kakhulu, ngaba yiMeya.
Ngesikhathi singena esikhundleni esinye sezinqumo zokuqala kwaba wukuphucwa impesheni kaMbhishobhi lokhu kwadala ukuhlaselwa kweBandla. Kuzo zonke izindawo izikhulu zeBandla zabeka izimpawu ezithi iMeya uChavez ihlasela iBandla. Njalo ngeSonto ngesikhathi seMisa, iBandla lalingihlasela njengengqikithi yokushumayela kwalo.
Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi phambilini uHulumeni neBandla bebesebenza ngokubambisana njengempesheni yoMbhishobhi. Ngakho-ke ukususa kwethu impesheni kwakuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ngoba ngaleyo ndlela asizange nje siqale ukunciphisa ukubusa kwe-Oligarchy jikelele, savulela namanye amaqembu ezenkolo ithuba lokuba abambe iqhaza - nawo okwakugunyazwe kuMthethosisekelo omusha.
Okunye esikwenzile wukulawula amaBhizinisi kaMasipala phambilini abekade eyimfihlo futhi ayesezandleni zeMeya yangaphambili, ilungu le-Oligarchy, ngaleyo ndlela siqinisekise ukuthi imali etholwa yilezo zinkampani izongena umphakathi, umasipala, hhayi izicukuthwane.
Sathatha leyo misebenzi ngosizo lwabasebenzi babo ababexhashazwe kakhulu, bengatholi ngisho nomholo omncane kunemihlomulo okufanele ngabe bayitholile.
Kwakunendlu yokuhlatshwa, isibonelo, ngosizo lwabasebenzi esabathatha, emva kwalokho sihlanganise abasebenzi ekuthathweni kwezinqumo, ukuthuthukisa izimo zabo, ukukhuphula amaholo, njll.
Okunye esakwenza kwaba mayelana nomhlaba lapho siqale khona ukuhlola amatayitela obunikazi sathola ukuthi i-Oligarchy ifuna umhlaba ongakaze ube ngowabo, ngakho iHhovisi leMeya laqala ukubuyisela izakhamizi lokho.
Ngisho nasemadolobheni i-Oligarchy yayithathe indawo enkulu, kodwa manje abantu sebeyilawula kabusha. Ingxenye yedolobha yayiyindawo yombukiso wezinkomo, ngaphansi kokulawulwa abanikazi bomhlaba, okwakudingeka sibuye nayo.
Kwakukhona ngisho nemifula, esikhathini esidlule, i-Oligarchy eyayiyiqondise kabusha ukuze kusizakale yona, inikeze amasimu abo e-Hacienda kanye noshukela amanzi angcono kakhulu. Ngakho-ke enye into okwakumelwe siyenze kwakuwukuqondisa kabusha imifula ibuyele emizileni yayo yokuqala ukuze abantu basemadolobheni ezansi nomfula bangabe besanqanyulwa emanzini.
Ziningi ezinye izibonelo. Kwadingeka ukuthi sisuke ku-capitalism yezibalo siye kubantu abanokulawula namandla futhi kwakuyindlela eyidwala futhi namanje.
Zonke izinhlobo zama-radicals nama-leftists zisebenzisa amagama athi `intando yeningi yokubamba iqhaza' kanye nokuthi `self management' kodwa azivamile ukuchaza ukuthi zisho ukuthini. Ngakho-ke, la magama asho ukuthini kuwe emkhakheni wezombangazwe? Ngingathanda ukwazi ukuthi yini eqondisa ukucabanga kwakho - ngokwefilosofi, okwamanje, ngaphezu kwezibonelo.
Kimina intando yeningi yokubamba iqhaza ihlobene nokusebenzisa ulwazi kanye nokuqaphela. Kuwuhlelo oluqala ngokubunjwa kwezepolitiki okuhlanganisa nokwakhiwa komqondo bese kuthathwa izinyathelo. Kungaphezu nje kokuthi abantu kufanele benze izinqumo, kodwa kunalokho kuhilela ukuguqulwa kwangempela kwabantu abathintekayo ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo.
Ukuze bazibandakanye embusweni wentando yeningi yokubamba iqhaza abantu kumele bathole ulwazi bese bethatha izinyathelo. Ukunikeza abantu wonke amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze abantu babe umbuso, ulwazi, ubuchwepheshe, njll.
Uchazile ngaphambili ukuthi ngaphambi kokunqoba kweBolivarian inani elincane lama-Oligarchs lalinalo cishe lonke ithonya, futhi abantu abaningi babengenalo. Ngakho-ke umbuzo uphakama, yiliphi izinga elifanele lethonya abantu abangaba nalo?
Ngaphambilini ubungakwazi ukukhuluma ngokuba nolwazi namathuluzi, ngakho-ke ubungakwazi ukukhuluma ngokuba nomthelela, ngaphandle kwemindeni esezingeni eliphezulu, iningi labo elafunda phesheya, e-US, njll.
Imindeni ye-elite yayinalo lonke ulwazi. Empeleni babemelela abantu, kodwa babesebenzela bona ikakhulukazi bona. Ngakho manje, sizama ukunikeza wonke amathuluzi nolwazi kubantu ukuze babe nezwi.
Kodwa ngisho noma wenza kanjalo, kuseyiqiniso ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ube nezwi eliningi, noma ngezinye izikhathi omunye umuntu kufanele. Awu, uzizwa kanjani ngalokhu kujwayelekile? Umbono wokuthi kufanele ube nezwi ezinqumweni, umthelela ezinqumweni, ngokulingana nezinga othinteka ngalo kuzo?
Yebo, kodwa okokuqala sifuna ukudlulisela ulwazi kubantu. Sinamazinga ahlukene emihlangano. Sinemihlangano ebiza izithunywa, futhi lezi zithunywa zibe sezisho amalungu omkhandlu, owaziwa eVenezuela ngokuthi umkhandlu wokuhlela umphakathi. Manje sizama ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi wonke umuntu uyaxoxa futhi abonisane ngezinqumo ezazithathwe uhulumeni kuphela.
Phambilini bekunguhulumeni nje obethatha izinqumo njenge cabal. Manje izinqumo zenziwa obala, obala, ngemva kokuba abantu sebenezwi.
I-Ministry of popular power, ngicabanga ukuthi kwakunjalo, yathi kwakukhona imikhandlu yemiphakathi engu-19,000 ngo-2007. Ivelaphi? Ngo-1997 babengekho. Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva kukhona abangu-19,000. Zaba khona kanjani?
Empeleni, ngesikhathi uMongameli eqala ukwethula isiphakamiso semiKhandlu yamaKhomanisi, kwadingeka ukuthi abunjwe. Uhulumeni kazwelonke, uhulumeni wesifunda, kanye nohulumeni wasekhaya kakhulu, babekhona, njengangaphambili. UMongameli wabe esebeka umgomo wabo wokuthi basungule imikhandlu yomphakathi engu-50,000.
Ngakho ngokomthetho, kwakufanele bakhe izwe lonke, inemikhaya engu-200 kuya ku-300 umuntu ngamunye emadolobheni, futhi engu-20 kuya ku-40 ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Futhi-ke ukubala kuzothatha cishe ama-50,000 ukumboza izwe.
Ngakho-ke ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yini ehlukanisa ukuthi indawo ethile ithuthukise umkhandlu womphakathi noma cha? Okuguquguqukayo okukhulu kwaba ukwesekwa, noma cha, okuvela kuziMeya zendawo.
Ezinye iziMeya azikuqondi ukubaluleka, noma aziwuthandi umqondo, futhi azizami kanzima ukuthuthukisa imikhandlu. Abanye babona sengathi amakhansela angummese emphinjeni. Babona sengathi uMengameli uzobhekana nemikhandlu yomphakathi kunomeya nababusi, ngakho bancishiswa amandla abo.
Ngicabanga ukuthi njengeziMeya kumele sikubone ukuthi ukuthuthukisa imikhandlu yomphakathi yiyona ndlela okumele sihambe ngayo, ngoba nakhu umthethosisekelo omusha ugunyaza ukuthi udale intando yeningi yokubamba iqhaza. Kodwa uma ubheka isifunda sakithi, sinabantu ababalelwa ku-200,000 futhi kuze kube manje sinemikhandlu yemiphakathi engu-523 uma kuqhathaniswa nenye indawo eseduze enabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezimbili kodwa cishe inani elifanayo lemikhandlu, ngakho munye kuphela. okweshumi njengempumelelo.
Ngabe ikhwelo lokwakhiwa kwemikhandlu belisho ukuthi amaHhovisi eMeya kumele athumele abagqugquzeli ukuze basize abantu bahlangane kule mikhandlu yemiphakathi?
Yebo, leyo yindlela okwasebenza ngayo. Mina ngokwami, kanye nabanye basehhovisi lethu nabo, ngaphuma ngiyosiza abantu ukuba bahlangane. Futhi lapho uMongameli kamuva edala iKhomishana Yemikhandlu Yomphakathi, kwakuyimina ngedwa iMeya ebekwe kuyo ngoba sasinomfutho omkhulu emizamweni yethu.
Ngakho kwezinye iziMeya indlela oyiphakamisayo izwakala sengathi ukuzibulala, ukuphuma nokufaka isandla ekwehleni kwabo.
Yebo, impela.
Ake sibheke isimo sakho sengqondo. Ake sithi imikhandlu yemiphakathi lapha iqhamuka nento ongayithandi. Banokuthile abafuna ukuthi kusetshenziswe, futhi ufuna ukuthi kungenziwa. Kwenzakalani?
Imikhandlu Yomphakathi iwukubonakaliswa kwendawo lapho abantu behlala khona, futhi kuleyo ndawo bangabaholi bemvelo.
Kweminye imikhandlu yemiphakathi abakhethwa bethu, abasekela uguquko, abakhethwanga kodwa kunalokho abaphikisana namaChavista. Ngakho-ke ngokwesibonelo, endaweni yethu kunomkhandlu womphakathi ongowe-Oligarchy, empeleni. Abekho nathi, kodwa baye basimemela emihlanganweni lapho sixoxa khona ngezinto ezibakhathazayo.
Kodwa ngizama ukuqonda hhayi nje ukufakwa, kodwa amandla. Uma iziMeya zicabanga ukuthi kuwukuzibulala ukwakha imikhandlu yemiphakathi, ngicabanga ukuthi yingoba zicabanga ukuthi iCommunal Councils izokwazi ukuyibusa futhi ibe yisizinda sangempela sombuso. Ingabe lowo umbono wakho? Ingabe yilokho ofuna ukukubona kwenzeka?
Yebo, futhi ngizokunikeza isibonelo. Lapha edolobheni laseCarora kunemali engenayo evela emithonjeni emithathu ehlukene, enye iphathelene nowoyela, enye inezintela, kanti eyesithathu isikhwama semali evela kuhulumeni kanye nemali engenayo evamile. Kodwa ekugcineni u-100% wayo yonke imali engenayo ingena esikhwameni esisodwa futhi imithethonqubo ithi kufanele sinikeze amanye amapherishi angu-17 ayingxenye kamasipala. Ngakho-ke isabelomali sokutshala imali silinganiselwa ezigidini ezimbili zamadola kumasipala.
Lesi sifundazwe esikuso sinomasipala abayisishiyagalolunye. Cishe i-40% yendawo enkulu kunazo zonke. Okwethu kuncane. Kunezigaba ezine zokwakhiwa kwamandla omphakathi wendawo. Okokuqala isabelomali sendawo, isabelomali esibambe iqhaza, imikhandlu yomphakathi, umhlangano wonke womphakathi noma umhlangano womkhandlu. Futhi sakha umthethosisekelo kamasipala, silandela isibonelo sezinga likazwelonke, endaweni. Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa umthethosisekelo omusha imithetho emidala yoMasipala yaphelelwa yisikhathi. Futhi manje sisebenzela imithetho emisha, hhayi nje okuxoxwa ngayo ngochwepheshe nabameli, kodwa okuxoxwa ngayo ngabantu.
Ngakho sonke isikhwama sisiyisa emkhandlwini wezokuhlela umphakathi esisekelwe emikhandlwini yemiphakathi. Yonke imikhandlu yepherishi ibamba iqhaza kulokhu. Ngokuya ngosayizi, inani labantu bendawo, kanye nokuminyana kwabantu, amapherishi athola ingxenye yesabelomali esiphelele.
Ngakho-ke lapha enhloko-dolobha, iCarora, sihlola izidingo zezifunda ezithile. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ngacabanga ukuthi inkinga enkulu yeCarora uqobo, lapho ngiyiMeya, kwakuyizimbobo ezilimaza imigwaqo. Kodwa umhlangano uthe inkinga enkulu akusiwo amabhodwe kodwa kunezinye izinkinga zemiphakathi. Ngacasuka ngacela ukukhuluma emhlanganweni. Kudala iMeya yayizenzela nje umathanda kodwa ayisekho. Ngakho ngahamba ngayokhuluma nemikhandlu ngabuza ukuthi kungani lapho sihlaselwa emaphephandabeni wendawo ngokungalungisi imigwaqo, bafuna sisebenzise imali kokunye.
Ngakho ngaya futhi saba nenkulumo-mpikiswano eyamahora amane - mina njengesakhamuzi sedolobha, futhi njengeMeya - nabo bechaza ukuthi kungani ukulungisa imigodi kwakungeyona into ehamba phambili. Ngemva kwamahora amane, phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekile ezamiswa - umsebenzi engangiwufuna, wabekwa waba ngowesithathu. Indle yabekwa phezulu, kuqala. Bangitshela ukuthi, kulungile, uzofaka itiyela kuphela le migwaqo esiyikhethile, futhi babala leyo iCommunal Councils eyavumelana nezinkampani zokuthutha yayidinga ngempela ukulungiswa, kodwa akuyona yonke eminye engangifuna ukuyilungisa. Ekugcineni, nakuba imigwaqo yayibalulekile kimina, kubo yayingabalulekile kangako.
Ngakho ulahlekelwe isinqumo, kodwa wajabula ngenqubo futhi wenza umphumela?
Yebo. Kunjalo. Futhi ngabona ukuthi into eyodwa yilokho okushiwo abezindaba, abaphikisayo, futhi enye into abantu abayidinga ngempela.
Cishe, zingaki iziMeya ezikhona eVenezuela?
337.
Kwabangu-337 bangaki abanombono wakho?
Ngineminwe eminingi kunesibalo seziMeya ezibona izinto ngendlela engizibona ngayo.
Ngakho-ke umgomo wenombolo yeMikhandlu Yomphakathi ngu-50,000 futhi usune-20,000 manje, cishe.
Yebo, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi kukhona abangaba ngu-30,000 okwamanje.
Futhi inhloso ukuthi leyo Mikhandlu Yomphakathi izoba namandla njengoba yenza lapha, endaweni yangakini?
Yebo.
Kuzokwenzeka kanjani? Uma ngaphezu kuka-95% weziMeya zizowuphazamisa, kuzokwenzeka kanjani?
Kuwo wonke umphakathi kukhona abagqugquzeli bomkhandlu womphakathi abaqhamuka ngqo eHhovisi likaMengameli. UChavez uyabathumela. Ngakho lokho kuhle. Kodwa kukhona ezinye iziMeya ezihlinzeka ngama-20% esabelomali emikhandlwini yomphakathi, ezinye ezingama-50% kodwa zimbalwa kakhulu azenza u-100%, njengalapha eCarora.
Kuphinde kube nezinsolo zokuthi ezinye iziMeya ziqoka noma zeseke amalungu omkhandlu ukuze zikwazi ukuxhaphaza yonke imikhandlu.
Kodwa naphezu kokuphikiswa kweziMeya, uMongameli uqoke ikhomishana, noma umkhankaso, obizwa ngo-April 13, omayelana nokwakha amakomidi, okuyinhlanganisela yemikhandlu yomphakathi. futhi umsebenzi uyahamba futhi uzama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zihamba kahle.
Ngokwesibonelo, muva nje kuke kwaba nenkinga lapho uMengameli eqoke ilungu leQembu LamaKhomanisi ukuthi libe ungqongqoshe womnyango womphakathi, wabe esehamba ephakamisa imikhandlu kuphela eyayinamakhomanisi agqamile. Ngakho-ke lokho kwalungiswa, futhi uMongameli Chavez wafaka umholi ohlukile esikhundleni salowo Ngqongqoshe, owayevelele ezinhlanganweni zentsha, iFrancisco Miranda Front, ehlanganisa intsha eyayihlelwe ngokwengxenye ngeCuba futhi eboshelwe ngqo ehhovisi likaMongameli, alikho iqembu, manje njengoba umholi wawo ophethe ukwakha imikhandlu, izinto sezithuthuke kakhulu.
EDolobheni imikhandlu kufanele ibe nemindeni engama-200 - 400, akunjalo? Ingabe bayaphumelela ukuwabumba lapho, futhi ikakhulukazi eCaracas, noma ingabe abantu bayaphuza ukubamba iqhaza kuwo?
Luselude ukhalo okumele luhanjwe.
Yiziphi izithiyo eCaracas?
Ngicabanga ukuthi inkimbinkimbi yendawo uqobo. ECaracas kuqhamuka abantu abavela kulo lonke izwe. Ayinabo ubunjalo obukhethekile. Kufana nesamba sezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zaseVenezuela.
Ngokwesibonelo, ngamenywa ukuba nginikeze izinkulumo emiphakathini yaseCaracas mayelana nemikhandlu yomphakathi futhi ngaba nomuzwa wokuthi abantu abahlobani nemiphakathi yabo. Abantu bavame ukuvuka ngo-4 AM ukuze bahambe futhi kunokuxhumana okuncane kakhulu kwabantu nomphakathi wangakubo. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlela imikhandlu ezindaweni zasemakhaya kunasemadolobheni.
Ingabe isimo sengqondo sikaMongameli emikhandlwini yomphakathi sifana nesakho? Okungukuthi uma ubunemikhandlu engu-50,000 XNUMX bese benza uhlelo benxusa ukuthi bayalufuna, noMengameli wacabanga ukuthi akulungile, wabe eselubeka udaba lwakhe kubo, bathi cha niyaphazama, thina kunjalo, angazizwa njengawe ukuthi lokho kube yimpumelelo enkulu ekubeni imikhandlu iphethe izwe?
Yebo. Siyamhlonipha kakhulu uMengameli. Ngakho ukuba nolwazi olwengeziwe cishe ucabanga ngaphambi kwethu kancane. Futhi uyayihlonipha imibono yemiphakathi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka avume. Futhi uma ehluka, ngokuvamile abantu bayoqonda futhi umbono wabo ungase ushintshe.
Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, oNgqongqoshe bangaletha isiphakamiso kuMengameli futhi asamukele njengesihle, kodwa imikhandlu bese ithi wumbono omubi - bese ebheka ukubona imibono yawo, aphinde asiguqule isiphakamiso.
Yebo, kodwa endabeni kaCarora uthe uma wena nemikhandlu yomphakathi ningavumelani, ekugcineni, iyona ezothatha isinqumo. Bayakuhlonipha. Bacabanga ukuthi uyindoda ehlakaniphile. Wenza icala lakho ngokugqamile. Futhi basasho ukuthi unephutha. Futhi lokho kunempilo, usho, ngoba vele ungaba nephutha.
Ngakho-ke mhlawumbe uMongameli uhlakaniphe kancane futhi ukhuluma kancane, angazi. Kodwa usengaba nephutha. Futhi ngiyafisa ukwazi ukuthi kwenzekani uma imikhandlu yomphakathi ithi unephutha? Ingabe zinamandla angempela, noma zinokufinyelela okuhle nje?
Kukho konke engikubonile uMengameli usicele ukuthi sihloniphe izinqumo zama-Assemblies. Kodwa ngokuqinisekile uMongameli, owumkhiqizo wezempi futhi onesimilo, uhlale ekhathazekile ngokuthi kunomyalelo ocacile - kodwa noma nini uma kunodaba lomphakathi, akazibandakanyi kulokho.
Iminyaka yokuvota eVenezuela iyi-18 njengamanje. Ake sithi imikhandlu yemiphakathi, omunye wayo, eyakho, iqhamuka nesiphakamiso sokuthi kube ngu-16. Manje yonke imikhandlu yomphakathi iyasidingida lesi siphakamiso bese inquma ukuthi icabanga ukuthi iminyaka yokuvota kufanele ibe ngu-16 kulo lonke ukhetho, kuhlanganise nomongameli. ukhetho. Ake sithi uMongameli ucabanga ukuthi kufanele kube ngu-18. Ufika futhi akhulume, futhi basacabanga ukuthi kufanele kube ngu-16. Ingabe kuzoba 16 noma 18?
Lokho kwenzeka ngendlela yokuthi ngesikhathi benezingxoxo emikhandlwini yemiphakathi mayelana nomthetho weminyaka yokuvota emikhandlwini, isinqumo esiphuma kuhulumeni sathi makube neminyaka engu-18. Nokho ezingxoxweni abantu babefuna iminyaka engu-15. Umongameli ubefuna abangu-18 kodwa abantu bafinyelele ku-15.
Ngakho-ke lapho ngibuza ngaphambili ukuthi ubani onqumayo uma bengavumelani, kungani ungavele uthi, ngokushesha, imikhandlu inqume?
Njengamanje imikhandlu yenza izinqumo ezinkudlwana ngezinga lomkhandlu futhi uMengameli unikeza umkhombandlela jikelele mayelana nezingxoxo.
Angifuni ukushiya lokhu ngaphandle kokucaca, uma ungenankinga. Ake sithi, kunemikhandlu engu-50,000, ngakho-ke sikhuluma ngayo esikhathini esizayo. Zisebenza kahle. UMongameli uya e-Iran. Ufuna ukwenza isivumelwano ne-Iran. Imikhandlu iyayixoxa ayifuni lesi sivumelwano. Manje kwenzekani?
(Ehleka) Ngeke kube yinto ewumugqa, elula kangako, ngoba okubalulekile futhi ulwazi abantu abanalo. Ngakho-ke umuntu kufanele acabange ukuthi abantu banalo lolo lwazi.
Ngakho imikhandlu engu-50,000 XNUMX ayisifuni lesi sivumelwano futhi imema uMengameli ukuba aveze udaba lwakhe kuyo.
Kodwa inqubomgomo yezangaphandle iqondiswa nguMongameli, hhayi imikhandlu yomphakathi, ngakho lokhu ngeke kwenzeke.
Lokho kuzwakala njenge-USโฆ.
Odabeni lweCarora, imikhandlu yenze izivumelwano ezithile ngqo phakathi kukamasipala ne-Iran. Sisayine isivumelwano sokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-Venezuela ne-Iran okuhlanganisa nokucacisa ukwakhiwa kwezitshalo zikasimende, izitshalo ze-petrochemical, njll. Ezingxoxweni zethu besifuna kwakhiwe enye yezitshalo zobisi e-Carora futhi izoba ngeyomphakathi.
Abantu abaqokwe imikhandlu yomphakathi bazoyiqhuba. Imikhandlu yemiphakathi iyona enquma bonke abaphathi benkampani. UMongameli uchaza inqubomgomo yezangaphandle yezwe, kodwa-ke senza ukuqaliswa kwasekhaya.
Ngiyaqonda. Kepha e-US cishe i-70% yezwe imelene nempi yase-Iraq. Ukube bekunemikhandlu engu-50,000 e-US cishe u-70% wobulungu ubuzophikisana nempi. UBush, uMcCain, u-Obama kanye nawo wonke umuntu oke waba nguMengameli uthi akusho lutho ukuthi umphakathi ufunani. Izizathu abakunikezayo ukuthi banolwazi. Yibona abanolwazi. Bayakwazi okwenzeka emhlabeni. Thina kwesokunxele sithi inqwaba yamanyala. (a) Abahlakaniphe kangako, noma bahlakaniphe nakancane. (b) Uma kukhona ulwazi abanalo olubalulekile, kufanele balusabalalise. Kubukeka kimina uma imikhandlu yemiphakathi izoba amandla okuqala, khona-ke ngemuva kokucutshungulwa okufanele kanye nengxoxo kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano, iVenezuela akufanele ikwazi ukuya empini, noma yenze okunye okuningi, ngokumelene nentando yemikhandlu yomphakathi, ngisho inqubomgomo yangaphandle.
Yebo, kodwa kunomehluko obalulekile. Unayo Bush. Sine Chavez. Futhi sinomthethosisekelo sonke esawuvuma. Futhi umthethosisekelo wethu awusivumeli nokuthi siqale impi kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. Lokhu bekungeke kube yinqubomgomo yethu yangaphandle ngoba kuzokwephula umthethosisekelo.
Izimeya ezingama-350 noma ngaphezulu, uma zichaza indlela yazo yendawo emikhandlwini yomphakathi, ngibheja ukuthi, sazi okwengeziwe, sinolwazi olwengeziwe, sinolwazi olwengeziwe, siyathanda ukuzwa emikhandlwini ukuthi icabangani, kodwa sifuna ukugcina amandla lapho singavumelani. Ngokuphambene, uthi, ngicabanga ukuthi mhlawumbe ngazi okwengeziwe, ngicabanga ukuthi mhlawumbe nginombono ongcono, isipiliyoni esengeziwe, kodwa ngiyakholelwa ngempela kuntando yeningi yokubamba iqhaza, ngakho ngiyavuma ukuthi kufanele ngibe ngaphansi kwentando yemikhandlu. Futhi uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, engikubuzayo nje wukuthi kungani kwehlukile ezingeni likaMengameli kunezinga leMeya.
Sisezinhlelweni zokwakha...
Yingakho ngithe emuva kokuthi sekukhona imikhandlu engu-50,000 XNUMX. Ubuzwile sonke lesi sikhathi sixoxa ngekusasa?
Njengamanje sinezinhlaka ezikhona. Kodwa kuyeza okwengeziwe. Njengamanje izinga eliphansi lezinqumo elichazwe kumthethosisekelo ngumasipala. UMongameli ufuna ukukwehlisela lokho emphakathini noma ePherishi. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo kudalwe yi-oligarchy. Ngakho-ke esikuphakamisayo, lapha endaweni yakithi, ukwakha izindawo ezintsha zomphakathi ukuze kube nesimo esisha samandla, ukuhlanganisa amapherishi ezindaweni zomphakathi, kucatshangelwa indawo, amasiko, njll.
Kuzoba namakhomanisi amaningi akhiwe imikhandlu yomphakathi. Futhi uMongameli ukhuluma ngalokhu okwesikhathi esizayo, uhulumeni wemiphakathi. Namahhovisi eMeya athanda ukunyamalala. Ngakho-ke besingaba nohulumeni womphakathi kanye nephalamende kanye nezomthetho, ngempela wonke amagatsha amahlanu asuka ezingeni likazwelonke azoba khona nasendaweni. Futhi siphakamisa lokhu ezweni lonke. Insimu ngayinye izoba nohlelo lwayo lomphakathi. Endaweni yethu umsebenzi omkhulu wokukhiqiza izinkomo. Ngakho izinkinga lapha zihlukile kwezinye izindawo eziningi. Amanzi akhona kwezinye izindawo, hhayi kwezinye, njalo njalo. Ngakho-ke izinhlelo zentuthuko ziyehluka futhi izinsiza zomphakathi ziyehluka, njll.
Ngakho-ke ngokwesibonelo siqeda izinkampani ezindala, njengamanzi, ugesi, njll., futhi sizidalela kabusha izindawo ezithile zomphakathi, ngokufanayo nasemanyuvesi, njll.
Uma ezinye iziMeya zibona lokhu zicabanga ukuthi uyahlanya?
(ehleka) Yebo. Impela. Abaqondi ukuthi kungani ngizama ukususa wonke amandla ami ngiwadlulisele emphakathini.
Akukona ukuziphatha okuvamile. Kodwa ngiqhubekela kwesinye isihloko, ukuguqulwa kwekhodi yenhlawulo ka-2004, ngitshelwa ukuthi kunombandela ovimbela ukungahlonishwa kwezikhulu zikahulumeni.
UChavez wazama ukukususa, kodwa uMkhandlu wenqaba futhi wawugcina okungenani okwamanje.
Kimina sengathi ungasebenzisa lo mthetho ukufaka zonke ezinye iziMeya ejele ngokungakuhloniphi...
(ehleka) Cha, cha...
Kodwa umbuzo wami wangempela uthi, ungakuphendula kanjani ukugxekwa kokuthi imikhandlu yomphakathi kanye nomthetho wokwethembeka kungenza ukuthi uhulumeni asebenzise imikhandlu njengolunye uhlelo lokuhlola ukubona ukuthi ubani ongahloniphi uhulumeni. Ungasungula izinhlangano eziningi zendawo ezizohlola abantu futhi ukhombise labo ababedelela uhulumeni ukuze bashushiswe. Abantu abaningi emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa nabashiya abaningi, bakhathazekile ngokuthi yilokho imikhandlu emayelana nayo.
Kodwa cha, lokho akulona iqiniso nhlobo. Okokuqala imikhandlu kufanele ibe igunya elisha emphakathini. Kodwa, okwesibili, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi lokhu kuvukela umbuso kusengcupheni futhi sizosungula zonke izindlela esingakwenza ukuze sikuvikele. Siyaqiniseka ukuthi kufanele sivikele inqubo yethu ukusuka phansi kuye phezulu. Futhi indlela engcono kakhulu yokubona izenzo ezingqubuzana nezimiso zezenhlalakahle kanye nomthethosisekelo kanye nemithetho ngezinye izikhathi ihlanganisa abantu ababika lokho abakubonayo.
Zonke izindlela zokuvikela uguquko kufanele zinqunywe emibuthanweni evamile. Isibonelo, imikhandlu yomphakathi inomsebenzi, evumelene ngawo, ukwenza uhlu lwabantu okungenzeka babe sesikhundleni sezempi somphakathi, abantu abangase babe sezempi, njll. Isibonelo, ngi ubophekile ukubamba iqhaza ekuqeqesheni nasekuqeqesheni impi. Umsebenzi wokuvikela izwe usezandleni hhayi zamasosha kuphela kodwa nabantu abahlelekile. Ngakho uMengameli uthe sidinga ukuphasisa imithetho emisha ukuze lokhu kuhlelwe ngendlela ethile. Ukube bezingekho izingozi eziqhamuka ezitheni besingeke sikhathazeke ngalezi zinto.
Uma othile emphakathini enolwazi mayelana nokushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa, ake sithi, noma esinye isenzo sobugebengu esiphambana noguquko, vele umphakathi ngokwawo kufanele unqume ukuthi uzobhekana kanjani nakho. Akukho esizokwenza ngaphandle kokuvikela uguquko.
Ngokwesibonelo, esikhathini esingeside kakhulu imikhandlu yomphakathi esifundeni esingekude kakhulu yathola iqembu lehlelo lenkolo elalihileleke emsebenzini wokuvukela umbuso, futhi yenza ukwaziswa kutholakale kuhulumeni kazwelonke, futhi leli qembu laxoshwa ezweni. Ngakho, yebo, kuwumsebenzi wabantu ukuqaphela, kodwa ukulawula futhi kusezandleni zabantu.
Iyini indima yamaqembu ezombusazwe, futhi kungani kusanda kusungulwa iqembu elisha? Uma unemikhandlu yemiphakathi engu-50,000, yini indima yamaqembu?
Kufanele ngithi ngiphuma eqenjini eleseka uMengameli, kodwa akulona iqembu lakhe. Phambilini bekungenzeki ukuthi abantu benze umbono kazwelonke owabiwe - izinhlangano ezihlakazekile kuphela ebezingabelana ngemibono ngokuhlukana komunye nomunye. Ngakho uMengameli ukholelwa ukuthi kufanele kube neqembu elibumbene ukuze abantu bathole indawo yokuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezihlanganyelwe. Ngakho-ke iqembu elisha lihlanganisa ndawonye wonke umuntu onombono ofanayo obanzi we-Venezuela ukuze sikwazi ukuxoxa ngezihloko ezinkulu ukuze sakhe ipolitiki ehlobene nemikhandlu yemiphakathi. Kuyindlela yokuxhuma izindaba ezahlukene.
Ngakho uMongameli uthi kumele usungule iqembu elihlanganisa wonke umuntu osekela uguquko.
Yebo, ithuluzi elenza kube lula uguquko olusuka kunxiwankulu luye ohlotsheni olusha lwesocialism, oluhlukile emsebenzini wemikhandlu.
Kodwa uma uthi iqembu yiwo wonke umuntu osekela uguquko, akusho yini ukuthi ongekho eqenjini akahambisani noguquko?
Cha, ungase ube kweminye imibutho ehlukahlukene yezenhlalakahle futhi ungabi ingxenye yanoma yiliphi iqembu futhi usasekela uguquko.
Yebo, kodwa ungaba namaqembu angu-2,3,4, noma ama-5 wonke asekela uguquko kodwa anemibono ehlukene?
Umbono onawo iqembu lamavukelambuso uthi, esikhundleni salokho, kuzoba nezinhlangothi ngaphakathi eqenjini ezizoveza imibono eyahlukene.
Lowo futhi ngumbono uLenin abenawo, wokuthi ngaphakathi eqenjini kufanele kube namaqembu ngemibono eyahlukene. Nokho, eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, wanquma, hewu, ngenza iphutha. Akufanele nje sibe neqembu elilodwa, kodwa akufanele sibe namaqembu. Lolo hlobo lwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi ngenxa yalokho abanye abantu bangakwesokunxele abangawuthandi umqondo wombuso weqembu elilodwa bacabanga ukuthi amaqembu eqembu mahle kodwa nawe udinga amaqembu amaningi ngoba uma uthi wonke umuntu unawo. ukuba segumbini elilodwa futhi uChavez, ake sithi, naye ukulelo gumbi, khona-ke umphumela uzoba yilokho uChavez akufunayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi uma kunenqwaba yamagumbi okusho inqwaba yamaphathi, abantu bangahlangana emicimbini yabo bathuthukise izinhlelo zabo bese beqhudelana phambi kwabantu bonke ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo olungcono.
UMengameli uthi makube neqembu elilodwa loguquko elidingida imigomo bese uhulumeni ekwenza lokho. Kodwa ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi asikhulumi ngeqembu elilodwa noma umcabango. Ngokombono wezepolitiki, ekusebenzeni, kunengqondo ukuthi kube neqembu eliveza imibono eyahlukene ephikisanayo futhi lixoxe ngayo. Sicabanga ukuthi iqembu, i-PSUV, kufanele kube yizo zonke izinkulumo ze-Chavismo kanye nenguquko, nokuthi kufanele ihloniphe futhi ihloniphe amanye amaqembu kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi, kodwa ukuthi leli qembu linendima yokuba ithuluzi lokuyisa uguquko ezweni. amazinga ehlukene afunwa abalimi kanye nezinye izakhamizi.
Iqembu likhona ukuze lidingide imibono yamaqembu ahlukene kanye nezithakazelo ezithile endleleni eya ebunyeni bamasu kuyilapho kusahlonishwa ukungezwani.
Abagxeki bathi kunenkolo yomuntu ezungeze uMongameli Chavez. Basekela ingxabano yabo ekuntulekeni kwabaholi abajabulela noma yini enjengokuduma njengaye kanye nokuba khona kweziqubulo ezinjengokuthi โChavez is the people,โ โNgoChavez noma yini ngaphandle kukaChavez lutho,โ โUbani omelene noChavez abantu.โ Kuzwakala kufana neNyakatho Korea. Uthini-ke ngaleli cala?
Kithina uMongameli Chavez wephule ama-paradigms amaningi, wephule izitayela eziningi zomlando. Kuye kwaba namandla kakhulu uzwela oluye lwavezwa izinkulumo nezenzo zakhe, nokudela kwakhe yonke ingcebo yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukudedela kwakhe umkhaya wakhe nezinto zakhe, nokubeka ukuphila kwakhe engozini ngokuphindaphindiwe, lesi sibonelo siye saba nethonya elikhulu, okuthile. akekho kithi owake wabhekana nomholi ngaphambilini.
Kwakufana nokuqhuma enhliziyweni yethu sonke, futhi sonke saxhuma ngendlela eqondile noChavez ngenxa yalokho.
Mhlawumbe kunodaba olukhudlwana, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi u-Chavez uyadingeka ngokuphelele, angeke wenziwe ngaphandle, ngenqubo yethu yokuguquguquka.
Besiswele abaholi futhi abantu bebephelelwe ithemba bengenathemba. UChavez wayengumkhiqizo wokuhlubuka okuhlukahlukene. Akavelanga ndawo. Akayena uMesiya. Ungumphumela wokunqwabelana kokuhlangenwe nakho kwenqubo ethandwayo yabantu.
Sihlonze uChavez ngesikhathi esithile ukuze abhekane nosizi nemizabalazo yabantu. Futhi njengoba efana nabantu ngezinga elinjalo, ucabanga futhi enze njengabantu, futhi usho lokho akucabangayo - uyilokho okudingekayo kulo mzuzu. Ngakho-ke njengamanje, ngicabanga ukuthi uChavez ubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngingomunye walabo abalwa nesimanje esibanga iChavismo ngaphandle kukaChavez. Ngendlela uFidel Castro abona ngayo ukuthi isikhathi sakhe sesiphelile, sekuyisikhathi sikaHugo Chavez. Ngakho-ke iziqubulo ozicaphuna zizwakala njengomuntu siqu, kahle-hle, kungenxa yokuthi u-Chavez ngempela uhlanganisa usizi lomuntu siqu, ukuntula ithemba kwakudala, ithemba elisha elikhulayo, kanye nezifiso zabantu. Futhi yingakho sithi naye, konke, ngaphandle kwakhe, lutho.
Ngalesi sikhathi uChavez uyindoda. Usenhliziyweni yenqubo eyembuleka lapha eLatin America.
Ngisho nokwamukela konke okushoyo njengesimo somqondo nesimo samanje, uma sibheka iminyaka ezayo ngabe bekungeke kube ngcono ukube kukhona nabanye abangadlala indima yakhe. Futhi uma kungaba ngcono, akusho yini ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe izinto ukukhuthaza lokho?
Ngiyavuma, kodwa hhayi njengamanje.
2012, 2018?
Okunye okuningi.
Kungani kungenjalo manje?
Kuningi okuntekenteke futhi kunezinsongo. Sikholelwa ukuthi u-Chavez unokuziphatha kanye nolwazi lokusigcina sindawonye. Zonke izinto esixoxile ngazo nokunye okuningi kugqugquzelwe kakhulu nguMongameli Chavez. Ngakho-ke izinto ebengizichaza, imikhandlu, njll., zivela kuye. Ukuxhumana kwakhe nokwethenjwa kwezempi nakho kuphakathi. Ngicabanga ukuthi kuzovela abaholi abasha, kodwa hhayi kubantu abaseduze noChavez manje. Mhlawumbe eminyakeni eyishumi kuzoba nobuholi obusha obuhambisana nalokho abantu abakudingayo nabakufunayo. Futhi ngokuqinisekile abanye balabo bantu bayathuthuka manje, ezinhlelweni zethu eziningi zokuxhumana nabantu.
Ngiyazi ukuthi kumele uhambe maduze. Ngifuna ukukubonga ngesikhathi sakho, futhi ngikufisela inhlanhla uqhubekisela phambili uguquko.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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